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outskirts of Guran territory. Meanwhile, the Kalhur of Zohab "became absorbed in the Guran mass" - they became known as Guran themselves, and they split into three tribes: Qal'eh-Zanjir, Kerend, and
Bevanij. The Bajilan were later removed from power in the early 1800s by Muhammad Ali Mirza, governor of
479:
According to
Minorsky, the Bajilan must have originally been a branch of the Guran who had settled in the Mosul region, and Murad was intending to "control the Guran through his own subjects" by putting the Bajilan in charge of them. The Bajilan founded a new capital for themselves at Zohab on the
729:
271:" is also associated with a river in the modern Guran territory. Minorsky hypothesized that the ancestors of the Guran may have migrated to the Zagros region under the Sasanians, who may have encouraged this as a way of securing the ties between Iran and Mesopotamia.
420:. In later centuries, Dartang would become known as one of the main centers of the Guran; this mid-14th century account is the earliest definite mention of them in connection with their historical homeland. Wherever
373:) under a single governor. The governor's deputy who directly oversaw the Guran was Abu'l-Faraj Bābūnī, who was himself related to the Guran. Later in 1046, when
408:'s description of the Kurdish tribes. He referred to them as "powerful and bellicose" and composed of "soldiers and peasants", and listed two places they lived:
165:
also came to mean "subjects" because
Zoroastrians formed a subject population. The word then went through another series of regular sound changes to become
743:
765:
453:. However, despite the important status he ascribed to the Guran, Sharaf Khan's references to them are relatively infrequent and somewhat muddled.
338:
and also adds that the Guran had been the closest to Badr of all his allied tribes before turning against him and killing him. Minorsky noted the
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1254:
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424:
was is unknown, although
Minorsky speculated that it could have referred to "the habitat of the more easterly branch of the Guran".
457:
151:
also exists; it refer to the social class of peasants. This word has a completely different origin and is derived from the word
1335:
1195:
758:
389:, Garshasp initially took refuge with the Guran. Inal is then described as attacking Gurani Kurds in the vicinity of
181:). As a result, there are many Kurds with the surname "Guran" or "Goran" that have no connection to the Guran tribe.
261:
565:
1330:
1304:
1247:
751:
225:. However, the Guranii may have been a different group than today's Guran, since the proposed original name
357:'s chronicles for the early 11th century indicate that at least some of the Guran were living in northern
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meaning "ox rider" or "bull rider". This name then through a series of regular sound changes:
113:
484:. At this point, the Guran of Qal'eh-Zanjir assumed leadership, with their main residence at
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Kurds, Turks, and Arabs: politics, travel, and research in northeastern Iraq, 1919-1925
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274:
An early reference to the Guran may be in the works of the late 9th-century geographer
189:
Minorsky identified a possible ancient reference to the Guran in a passage written by
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449:, and Guran. He wrote that at his time, most of the Guran lived under the Kalhur and
321:, who they had been allied with during a winter campaign but grew disgruntled with.
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65:
324:
A later description of these events, by the anonymous author of the 12th-century
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instead. Minorsky interpreted this variation as representing an underlying form
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237:
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236:
According to
Minorsky, the origins of the Guran were likely somewhere in the
704:
Bulletin of the School of
Oriental and African Studies, University of London
398:
354:
295:
174:
294:, which he said referred to "the ancestors of the Guran". A century later,
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61:
53:
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153:
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that refers to a people called the "Guranii" (Greek: Γουράνιοι
567:
The
Kurdish National Movement: Its Origins and Development
229:
seems unlikely to have already changed to the modern form
369:
grouped the Guran together with
Saburkhwast (present-day
1285:
1228:
205:. This ethnic group may also be behind the name of the
317:. In 1014, members of the Guran killed the powerful
1168:
1140:
1057:
1039:
896:
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476:, who speak a dialect closely related to Gurani.
437:wrote that there were four branches of the Kurds:
309:The Guran appear frequently in the annals of the
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496:The Guran tribe consist of the following clans:
286:and the Kurds". Some manuscripts spell the name
240:provinces. For example, the 7th-century king of
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56:tribe. One of their main historical centers is
68:enters into the Zohab plain. The other one is
1305:
1248:
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8:
346:, a weapon historically associated with the
64:, at the western end of the gorge where the
460:, the Kalhur were deposed as rulers of the
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1298:
1255:
1241:
766:
752:
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116:reconstructed the original tribal name as
342:s detail that the Guran killed Badr with
404:Around 1343, the Guran are mentioned in
302:in his list of the Kurdish tribes of al-
28:
540:
161:. After the Islamic conquest, the term
7:
1266:
1264:
1209:
1207:
468:. Murad then gave the region to the
330:, consistently uses the modern name
260:estuary, where the medieval town of
248:, had a similarly derived name, and
49:
25:
33:A Gurani child in Kurdish costume
1268:
1211:
775:
427:In the introduction to his 1596
393:, prompting Garshasp to flee to
278:, who mentioned "the revenue of
433:, the famous Kurdish historian
60:, a region whose capital is at
298:also mentioned a tribe called
252:also mentioned a plain called
1:
564:Jwaideh, Wadie (2004-05-14).
464:region by the Ottoman sultan
173:, at which point it became a
96:, the usual pronunciation is
1284:. You can help Knowledge by
1227:. You can help Knowledge by
732:(in Persian). Archived from
361:. For example, in 1026, the
147:A separate word pronounced
1362:
1263:
1206:
595:. Oxford University Press.
217:) as well as the medieval
177:of the tribal name (then
553:. Encyclopaedia Iranica.
591:Edmonds, Cecil (1957).
350:of the Caspian region.
1336:Kurdish tribes of Iran
1280:-related article is a
1223:-related article is a
406:Shihab ad-Din al-Umari
120:, related to the word
104:, is preserved in the
34:
367:Ala al-Dawla Muhammad
108:version of the name,
32:
18:Guran (Kurdish tribe)
430:History of the Kurds
416:named Muhammad, and
197:) who lived "beyond
435:Sharaf Khan Bidlisi
313:under the spelling
311:Hasanwayhid dynasty
100:. An earlier form,
696:Minorsky, Vladimir
353:Several events in
327:Mujmal al-tavārīkh
319:Badr ibn Hasanwayh
282:together with the
250:Hamdallah Mustawfi
221:female given name
72:, located east of
35:
1293:
1292:
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1169:Historical tribes
276:Ibn Khurradadhbih
114:Vladimir Minorsky
16:(Redirected from
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736:on 2017-02-10.
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550:KURDISH TRIBES
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1286:expanding it
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1229:expanding it
1218:
1031:Zarrin-Kafsh
935:
827:
734:the original
724:
712:. Retrieved
707:
703:
592:
586:
566:
559:
549:
543:
495:
478:
472:, from near
455:
428:
426:
421:
412:, led by an
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403:
375:Ibrahim Inal
352:
339:
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323:
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264:was built.
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210:
201:", near the
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159:Zoroastrians
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97:
87:
66:Alwand River
41:
37:
36:
26:
911:Chalabianlu
710:(1): 75–103
700:"The Gūrān"
371:Khorramabad
334:instead of
246:Gil Gavbara
227:*Gāubārakān
126:*Gāubārakān
118:*Gāubārakān
1346:Iraq stubs
1341:Iran stubs
1325:Categories
1191:Shabankara
1186:Qaymariyya
1041:Azerbaijan
981:Malekshahi
946:Jahanbeglu
714:18 October
506:Tofanghchi
482:Kermanshah
387:Garshasp I
348:Daylamites
296:al-Mas'udi
267:The name "
262:Mahmudabad
242:Tabaristan
223:Gurandukht
215:Khosrow II
213:(a son of
211:Kūrān-Shāh
1176:Hadhabani
1049:Sheylanli
991:Mirawdale
966:Kordshuli
858:Mirawdale
515:Ghalkhani
503:Shwankare
399:Khuzestan
381:from the
377:captured
355:Ibn Athir
292:*Gābār.ka
256:near the
195:Gouránioi
175:homophone
169:and then
1132:Şêxbizin
1117:Parçikan
1021:Suramiri
956:Kakavand
878:Suramiri
873:Şêxbizin
848:Khoshnaw
833:Hamawand
698:(1943).
523:See also
500:Bivaniji
492:Subclans
486:Gahvareh
466:Murad IV
395:Hoveyzeh
391:Saymarah
359:Luristan
344:javelins
300:Jābār.qī
288:Kābār.ka
284:Jābār.qa
219:Georgian
207:Sasanian
134:*Gōrakān
130:Gāurakān
88:In both
80:valley.
1181:Mahmudi
1122:Pazooka
1112:Motikan
1092:Koçgiri
1082:Hesenan
1026:Zangana
1011:Sanjâbi
921:Donboli
916:Chegini
906:Bajalan
883:Zangana
868:Sanjâbi
813:Chegini
808:Barzani
803:Bajalan
535:Sources
529:Nirizhi
509:Kerendi
470:Bajilan
451:Ardalan
439:Kurmanj
418:Dartang
383:Kakuyid
379:Hamadan
363:Kakuyid
340:Mujmal'
336:Jūraqān
332:Gūrānān
315:Jūraqān
254:Gavbari
238:Caspian
209:prince
199:Armenia
185:History
167:*gaurān
122:gāubāra
106:Turkish
94:Kurdish
76:in the
58:Dartang
54:Kurdish
52:) is a
46:Kurdish
1160:Reşwan
1127:Reşwan
1087:Jalali
1072:Gewirk
1067:Çelebi
1059:Turkey
1016:Shekak
1006:Reşwan
1001:Pazuki
971:Kuruni
961:Kalhor
951:Jalali
931:Gewirk
863:Muzuri
853:Mangur
823:Gewirk
574:
512:Yasemi
447:Kalhur
280:Hulwan
191:Strabo
163:gabrān
154:gabrān
90:Gurani
78:Zimkan
74:Dalahu
70:Darneh
1276:This
1219:This
1196:Zilan
1155:Miran
1150:Milan
1142:Syria
1107:Modan
1102:Miran
1097:Milan
1077:Herki
996:Modan
986:Milan
936:Guran
926:Feyli
838:Herki
828:Guran
818:Feyli
798:Balak
474:Mosul
462:Zohab
422:Rāwst
410:Rāwst
385:emir
365:emir
304:Jibal
269:Gilan
231:Gūrān
203:Medes
179:Gōrān
171:gōrān
149:Gūrān
142:Gūrān
140:>
138:Gōrān
136:>
132:>
128:>
110:Göran
102:Gōrān
98:Gūrān
62:Rijab
50:گوران
42:Goran
38:Guran
1282:stub
1278:Iraq
1225:stub
1221:Iran
941:Jaff
898:Iran
843:Jaff
790:Iraq
716:2022
572:ISBN
414:amir
92:and
84:Name
40:(or
976:Lak
888:Zil
730:"?"
443:Lur
397:in
258:Kur
144:.
1327::
708:11
706:.
702:.
601:^
488:.
445:,
441:,
401:.
306:.
244:,
48::
44:;
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580:.
20:)
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