921:(1164), in which his nephew, Fernando Rodríguez, defeated the Lara a second time and Count Manrique lost his life, Gutierre accepted the transfer of the regency to Manrique's brother Nuño. He was with the royal court after 6 August, as it made its way to León for negotiations with Ferdinand II, who was still supporting Fernando Rodríguez and the Castros. On 6 September the two royal courts met at Sahagún. They remained until October, Ferdinand II promising not to interfere in Castilian affairs and Nuño agreeing to allow Fernando back into the kingdom. Gutierre was present throughout, probably intervening on behalf of his nephew. The latter was definitively back in favour on 4 February 1165, when he attended court with his uncle. After 19 July 1166, his last appearance at court, Gutierre seems to have retired to his tenancies. His nephew likewise ceased attending the Castilian court after this. The tenancies of Castrojeriz and Amaya, which Gutierre probably held until his death, passed to Nuño de Lara in 1173.
854:, the Lara treated him appropriately. In any case, the young king eventually passed into the hands of García Garcés de Aza, and by March 1161 was in the direct care of Manrique. A document from February 1159 already describes García as raising Alfonso VIII under Manrique's authority. From November there is contradictory evidence about Alfonso's guardian. A royal charter witnessed by Gutierre was also witnessed by García before all other witnesses, including Count Manrique, a circumstance only possible if García was the king's guardian. In this document the court met at Burgos, governed by Gutierre, to confirm a donation of Alfonso VII's late sister
298:
802:
652:
504:
710:), they invested Oreja. The king arrived at the siege in July with troops from Castile, Galicia and León. This was immediately after Gutierre had re-founded the monastery at El Moral. On 25 July, Gutierre was with the king at Oreja, and he followed him south when the royal court visited Toledo on 14 August. By 7 September he and the king had returned to Oreja. Gutierre remained until late October or early November, when the Almoravids surrendered.
925:
Jiménez's words—although they may have had a son who died at three years of age. The heirs of his vast tenancies and estates were his nephews. He was buried in San Cristóbal de Ibeas. Rodrigo Jiménez reports that
Manrique disinterred Gutierre after taking control of the young Alfonso VIII and threatened to posthumously try him for treason if his nephews did not surrender their tenancies to the crown. This story, repeated in the
17:
237:(1065–1109), which is chronologically impossible. He says that he served Queen Urraca as majordomo and was a tutor to a young Alfonso VII, but in this he is confusing the head of the Castro with the earlier Gutierre. The American historian Bernard Reilly also confuses the majordomo of Alfonso VII with the earlier majordomo of Urraca. Early modern historians, like
743:
recounts his personal participation with his knights: "Gutier Fernández arrived shortly thereafter. He himself was royal tutor. Sancho, the first-born son of our
Emperor, was assigned to Gutier to be educated. He instructs him with careful attention. He wishes him to surpass everyone. Gutier receives
511:
Gutierre may have held the fortress of
Castrojeriz—where he also held property—as early as 23 August 1132. The evidence for his tenancy there is not entirely reliable: four imperfectly preserved royal charters of 1140, 1154 and 1155. There is, however, one original charter from 1146 that records that
623:
on 20 February 1151. This private donation took place in the presence of the royal court, while
Alfonso VII was preparing for a potential intervention in Navarre. The charter of donation was witnessed by the king and many of the court, indicating the stature of Gutierre in Castile. By November of
817:
was threatening the Rioja, Alfonso VII sent his son Sancho, accompanied by
Gutierre and Manrique de Lara, to confront the king of Navarre. The young king arrived at Soria with a large army on 27 May. Sancho moved his army to Calahorra by early July, before the threat had dissipated, but since no
924:
The date of
Gutierre's death is not known. He may have died in 1166 or even after May 1169. There is no record of his wife after 1 July 1156, and she may have died before him. They had no surviving children—"and he had a wife named Theoda, from whom he did not receive any offspring" in Rodrigo
744:
the highest honors. He approaches the battle in person with masses of troops." Gutierre's constant presence with the royal army is attested by the charters issued during its progress towards Almería. His presence at the siege itself is proved by his subscription to the royal charters issued at
598:. Like most aristocrats of his day, Gutierre used the wealth derived from his private properties and his royal tenancies to make numerous donations to churches and monasteries. In his private transactions he was usually accompanied by his wife, Toda. Together they re-founded the monasteries of
345:
King
Zafadola sent ambassadors to the King of León with this message: "Lend me some of your nobles with whom I may come to you in safety." Alfonso was very happy to hear this, and he quickly sent Count Rodrigo Martínez and Gutier Fernández to Zafadola. The latter noble was one of the King's
865:
There is some evidence that the kingdom of
Castile was divided between Manrique and Gutierre after Sancho's death, as part of the agreement which transferred control over Alfonso VIII to García Garcés. A charter of 24 April 1159 states that Gutierre was "the power in Castile"
354:
Gutierre became
Alfonso's majordomo in early 1135 (certainly by February) and he held the office until the autumn of 1138. He is last recorded with the title in a royal charter of 24 October 1138. Alfonso rewarded him for his services by granting some heritable properties at
846:. The financially strapped García was then coerced into turning Alfonso over to Manrique. Given his years of experience in court politics, it is unlikely that Gutierre would have been so easily duped. He was a "man of advanced age, honoured and worthy of honour" (
496:) of Calahorra under Gutierre. Gutierre continued to hold Calahorra down to at least 27 February 1152. The next tenant, Fortún López, had been appointed by 6 July 1152. He may have been a confidante of Gutierre, and had previously held the city under the rule of
2342:(King Alfonso, son of King Sancho, reigning in Toledo, and in Extremadura, and in Castile. García Garcés de Aza his guardian; Count Manrique in Toledo and in Extremadura; Gutierre Fernández in Burgos and in Castrojeriz and in Castile and in half of Carrión ...).
438:: "King García prepared a royal feast for the Castilians and for all the knights and officers of his kingdom. The celebration lasted several days. When it was over, the King gave magnificent gifts to the Castilian nobles, and each of them returned to his land."
480:. He replaced Count Rodrigo Martínez—his co-envoy to Sayf al-Dawla in 1131—as fief-holder in Calahorra in 1140. There is ample evidence of Gutierre's methods of indirect rule in Calahorra. As early as 26 February 1140 he had appointed one Martín Fernández his
2081:
Tardius ad bellum
Guterrius et Fredinandi / Non venit; est regis quoniam tutamine fretus / Sancius est nostri qui filius Imperatoris / Cum primus natus huic traditur ille docendus; / Nutrit eum chare quem vult omnes superare; / Consors majorum Guterrus extat
125:. Gutierre was probably the elder brother. After 1125 their father, Fernando, disappears from the record. Although his death is not recorded, his sons went without him to make their submission to the new king, Alfonso VII, in 1126, after the death of Queen
139:. Although some authors have suggested that Gutierre was an upstart, both he and his brother obtained advantageous marriages to daughters of the highest nobility years before rising to prominence at the royal court and were evidently considered high-born.
516:, Burgos and Castrojeriz. There are three further private charters that name him as holding the fortress of Amaya (50 km northwest of Burgos) between 23 April 1148 and 1156, as well as two defective royal charters from 1148. He may have been
870:), and another of 31 January 1160, a grant to San Salvador de El Moral, describes Manrique as ruling in Toledo and the Trans-Duero while Gutierre ruled in Castile proper (Old Castile). Gutierre did not take part in the war waged by his nephews—
2339:
Regnante rex Aldefonsus, filius rex Sancius, in Toledo, et in Estremadura, et in Castella. Gartia Gartiez de Aza suo amo; comite Marrich in Toledo et in Estremadura; Gutierre Fernandez in Burgos et in Castro et in Castella et in medio Carrion
837:
After Sancho's death (31 August 1158) and in accordance with his dying wish, if Rodrigo Jiménez is to be believed, the guardianship of his successor, Alfonso VIII, was entrusted to Gutierre, while the regency of the kingdom passed to Count
798:). By 20 July 1153 Gutierre had succeeded Martín Muñoz as Sancho's majordomo. The young king kept a small court, and it was often in attendance at his father's court. Gutierre was replaced by 23 July 1155 with Gómez González de Manzanedo.
594:(1156). In each of these he had a co-tenant (Diego Muñoz in Carrión). suggesting that, as a curial figure and career soldier, his interest in these lands—far from the frontier—was primarily fiscal: they provided him an income from the
472:) from the crown, mainly in eastern Castile, near the frontier with Navarre. On account of his court attendance and military activities, his supervision of these territories must usually have been indirect. His first major tenancy was
779:
Gutierre's close relationship with Sancho III began during his father's reign. Perhaps as early as 1134, the year of Sancho's birth, and certainly by 22 April 1145, Gutierre and his wife, Toda Díaz, had been appointed tutors
20:
Ruins of the castle of Castrojeriz, which Gutierre helped to besiege in 1131 and which he later held as a fief of the crown from 1140 until 1166. The Castro name derives from this place: Gutierre's parents owned land in the
488:) sharing in the government of Calahorra. Martín Fernández was probably a relative of Gutierre's, from the house of Ansúrez. Eight private documents between 1 April 1139 (probably mis-dated) and 1151 cite Martín as tenant (
610:
ceded the monastery of El Moral to Gutierre, keeping for himself the right of episcopal oversight. That same day, Gutierre and Toda granted the monastery freedom from all civil authority save the crown and introduced the
200:(messenger duty) once a year at most. If the message took more than one day to deliver, the lord would provide food. The penalty for failure to provide services was a fine. Besides San Cebrián, Gutierre held land at
559:) in imperial diplomas and in private documents. He was not usually called a prince (an informal title), and he never held the formal rank of count; his most common title in royal documents was simply "potentate" (
1367:, since Lope's known wife, Ticlo Díaz, was a sister of Álvar Díaz de Oca and Diego's marriage to Enderquina would have been forbidden. He also states, n. 27, that Toda may have had a brother, Lope Díaz de Frías.
367:) are not well known, but he was clearly the highest-ranking of the officers of the court. Traditionally, he was probably in charge of the organization of the court and perhaps also the administration of the
2301:(this year in which King Sancho, son of the Emperor Alfonso, died, and his son, Alfonso, yet a child, held the kingdom, and García Garcés de Aza was raising the king under the authority of Count Manrique).
375:. His term as majordomo presented Gutierre opportunities to travel throughout all of Alfonso's realms. In the summer of 1137 he and his brother Rodrigo joined the royal expedition to defend Galicia from a
894:. Gutierre seems to have intervened to bring him back to Castile, for on 11 July uncle and nephew were both at Alfonso VIII's court. He continued to support Manrique, witnessing a royal grant to the
842:. According to Rodrigo Jiménez, writing a half-century later, Manrique duped Gutierre into handing Alfonso over to his uncle, García Garcés de Aza, ostensibly to placate Manrique's supporters in
2299:
eo anno quo mortuus est rex Sancius filius imperatoris Adefonsi, et filius eius Adefonsus adhuc paruulus tenebat regnum, et Garsia Garciaz de Acia nutriebat regem sub potestate comitis Almaricci
805:
Map of the Castilian–Navarrese borderlands in the latter half of the twelfth century, showing the strategic location of Calahorra and Arnedo. Gutierre also served as majordomo of the kingdom (
790:
Sancho. In 1150 Gutierre was still assisting Sancho as the prince took over his own sub-kingdom, which his father had given him around Nájera. A royal charter calls Gutierre the young king's "
547:. In 1148–49 he held the fortress of Rueda de Jalón, which had been surrendered to Alfonso VII after Gutierre's embassy to Sayf al-Dawla in 1131. This fortress lay only 35 km west of
150:
and Teresa Ordóñez. She was born before 1109, since by that year her father was dead. On 5 November 1124, Gutierre and Toda received half of the lands owned by her grandmother, Teresa, at
261:). Although Lucas believed this person to be Gutierre de Castro, it is chronologically impossible, since the latter would have been only a young child at most. Shortly after Lucas wrote,
329:). From the beginning of his public career he was preeminent among nobles of the second rank (that is, not counts). His first important public duty, in 1131, was a diplomatic mission to
1525:(And those who most hindered this marriage were Don Gómez de Manzanedo and Gutierre Fernández de Castro, and they had the good idea of raising up Don Alonso, the queen's son, as king.)
531:), and he may have held it down to 1152 at least. As of 26 July 1148, Gutierre had accepted a co-tenant in Soria: Fortún López. About the same time (1148), he received the lordship of
101:
developed into open civil war early in the reign of Alfonso VIII. Despite his high standing at court and his illustrious military career, Gutierre was never promoted to the rank of a
449:
and Gutierre to settle disputes and determine the boundaries of the village. On 18 December 1152, Gutierre was part of the council that advised Alfonso VII on his revision of the
767:
in 1155. With the militia of Burgos, he defended Calahorra from an Aragonese attack in 1159, when he was an old man. In his illustrious military career, he is reported to have
1523:
Y los que más estorbaban este casamiento fueron don Gómez de Manzanedo y Gutierre Fernández de Castro, y tuvieron por bien que alzasen por rey don Alonso, el hijo de la reina.
2503:
2426:, p. 167 n. 211. The Gutierre Fernández who is known from charters of 5, 7 and 19 May 1169 may be Gutierre Fernández de Cea, known from two documents of January 1168.
551:, which Raymond Berengar of Barcelona held as a vassal of Alfonso. At about this time contemporary charters begin to record his preeminence in the Castilian heartlands,
2631:
Martínez Sopena, Pascual (1990). "El conde Rodrigo de León y los suyos: herencia y expectativa del poder entre los siglos X y XII". In Pastor de Togneri, Reyna (ed.).
825:
and the Castros that plagued the minority of Alfonso VIII. Before his death, Sancho arranged that "the dominions over lands which are held from as temporal fiefs" (
204:, his family's "traditional stronghold", where his father and mother had held substantial properties and whence the family derived its name. He also owned land at
2690:
2577:
563:). This title was employed without any reference to a tenancy between 1143 and 1150. A later series of documents calls him "potentate (or authority) in Castile" (
305:
Gutierre did not regularly attend Alfonso VII's court until 1134, but from then until the end of his reign he subscribed as a witness to 497 of 807 known royal
135:("Chronicle of the Emperor Alfonso"), a contemporary history of Alfonso's reign, Gutierre and Rodrigo were accompanied not by their father, but by their uncle,
317:
on 12 July 1128. Gutierre signed the donation in the first column, immediately after the four counts who were present (Pedro González de Lara and his brother
257:
in order to take its precious stones and gold and silver treasures, but the church was successfully defended by Gutierre Fernández, the "heir of Castile" (
898:
in January 1162, and attend the royal court, which visited Manrique's power base in the Trans-Duero in 1161. Later in 1162 he witnessed a donation to the
721:
prosecuted the war against Navarre in 1140. In 1144 Gutierre took part in the king's raid into Almoravid territory. In 1146 he was present at the first
350:
they were received honorably by King Zafadola. He presented them with magnificent gifts, and then he traveled to the King of León accompanied by them.
285:("First General Chronicle") associates Gutierre with proclaiming Alfonso VII king in opposition to his mother, Urraca, although that was done by Count
878:, Álvaro Rodríguez and Gutierre Rodríguez—against the Laras. In December 1159 he stood with the Laras to witness a donation by García Garcés to the
567:) between 1156 and 1158, probably indicating a new administrative role in Old Castile in conjunction with the succession events of 1157 and 1158. A
212:
62:(1135–38). He was the guardian and tutor the young Sancho III from 1145. Before his death he was also briefly the guardian of Sancho's infant son,
906:. This grant is significant because it was transacted at court, and the heads of the two chief rival families to the Laras, the Castros and the
899:
714:
427:
359:
to Gutierre and his wife and to his wife's sister, Sancha Díaz de Frías, and her husband, Pedro González. The duties of the majordomo (Latin
188:. These included ploughing, reaping, threshing, digging and pruning. Their lord was to provide them with bread and wine during their every
1187:, p. 189, calls him "the most prominent example of the possibility of a brilliant curial career without ever holding comital rank ".
29:
2181:, p. 413, claims that Rodrigo Pérez and Marina Lezana were Sancho's guardians until 1137, and by 1138 Gutierre had replaced them as
734:
2748:
737:, most great lords had a following of 30–40 knights during the Almería campaign of 1147. Gutierre was probably no different. The epic
47:
663:
in September 1131, in which the Castilian forced the Aragonese to surrender that fortress. He led the Castilian armies that captured
2489:
Canal Sánchez-Pagín, José María (1997). "El conde García Ordóñez, rival del Cid Campeador: Su familia, sus servicios a Alfonso VI".
272:
234:
2525:
1878:, p. 576, in charters of 30 August 1156, 28 October 1157, January–February 1158, 4–7 May 1158, 28 June 1158 and 13 July 1158.
371:, but the title may have been largely honorific by the twelfth century, with day-to-day responsibilities delegated to a deputy or
2209:, p. 116. Gutierre's presence at Calahorra is confirmed by a private document dated 6 July and preserved in the archives of
675:
from Aragon by 1133. In June and July 1137 he participated in Alfonso's successfully campaign against the Portuguese to Galicia.
411:
2640:
Salazar y Acha, Jaime de (1991). "El linaje castellano de Castro en el siglo XII: Consideraciones e hipótesis sobre su origen".
1126:
927:
914:
871:
497:
250:
445:
against the Muslim territories of the south. Some time before 1151 the village of Cántavos requested the municipal council of
419:
297:
215:(flourished 1089–1117), who was Queen Urraca's majordomo. The medievalist Agustín Ubieto Arteta maintains that Gutierre was a
122:
1624:
1483:, pp. xi–xxix, contains an outdated biography of Gutierre. Unfortunately, it was the main source for Gutierre used by
616:
131:
126:
1834:, p. 190. He is cited as lord of Rueda in a royal charter of 12 February 1148 and in a private charter of 23 April.
875:
2670:. Fuentes para la Historia de Castilla por los padres benedictinos de Silos. Vol. 1. Valladolid: Editorial Cuesta.
2738:
2549:
Frías Balsa, José Vicente (1998). "Gutier Fernández, señor de Soria y su castillo en la primera mitad del siglo XII".
267:
2210:
998:(meaning "of Fernandus"). His first (baptismal) name is likewise found in contemporary documents in many variations:
318:
245:, also confused the two, having been misled by thirteenth- and fourteenth-century historians. The earliest of these,
387:. In the autumn of that year he had accompanied the court across the realm to the eastern frontier, where he was at
313:). The earliest appearance of Gutierre with the King Alfonso's court was on the occasion of a royal donation to the
730:
326:
281:
262:
238:
136:
114:
607:
1134:
1047:
Alfonso took the title "emperor" in 1135 to emphasise his rule over multiple kingdoms. Besides Castile, he ruled
839:
286:
276:
643:. He continued to hold Castrojeriz until his death, being cited as lord there for the last time on 9 July 1166.
2753:
2051:, pp. 176–78, 180. Gutierre signed royal charters on 18 October at Oreja and then on 26 October at Toledo.
1130:
301:
Ruins of the castle of Rueda de Jalón, where Gutierre met Sayf al-Dawla and which he later held for Alfonso VII
1360:
887:
858:. A document from San Salvador de El Moral dated 18 November 1159 refers to Gutierre as "the king's provost" (
619:, Gutierre and Toda donated several properties the sisters had inherited to the abbot of the San Cristóbal at
599:
591:
583:
407:
169:
829:) would be frozen for fifteen years, until the three-year-old Alfonso had attained his majority at eighteen.
752:
722:
572:
1866:, p. 576, in charters of 23 August 1143, 1 September 1145, 28 April and 2–7 May 1146, 28 December 1150.
891:
668:
625:
603:
63:
682:, an Almoravid fortress. The brothers were permitted to muster the cavalry and infantry contingents of the
640:
2596:
Martínez Díez, Gonzalo (1975). "Colección Diplomática Burgalesa: Diplomatario de San Cristóbal de Ibeas".
1505:
1122:
903:
660:
434:
after the Leonese ceremonies. A second set of celebrations was then held in Pamplona, as described by the
384:
254:
1138:
659:
Gutierre's first recorded military actions were in the war with Aragon in the early 1130s. He was at the
2743:
1847:
801:
476:, a city that had once been a part of Navarre and which was located just north of the Navarrese town of
242:
151:
51:
818:
further conflict is recorded the show of force must have been sufficient to deter the king of Navarre.
450:
356:
147:
1680:
1344:
913:
On 9 June 1163 Gutierre was back at Alfonso VIII's court to witness a grant of a privilege to Bishop
814:
764:
683:
2213:. It states that Sancho was there with a large army to combat a blood relative (the Navarrese king).
748:
of 19 August—before the siege—and 25 November, while the royal army was returning from its success.
895:
879:
855:
843:
587:
423:
376:
322:
1976:, p. 113, calls this charter a copy, but Gonzalo Martínez Díez believed it to be an original.
651:
159:
2684:
2571:
2096:
1052:
883:
86:
43:
1364:
1048:
739:
718:
484:(mayor or local magistrate). A private charter of 1 March 1142 cites a four-person council (the
503:
1056:
917:, who had taken part with Gutierre in Sancho III's show of force at Nájera in 1152. After the
679:
575:
on 21 November 1160 refers to the authority Gutierre still possessed in Castile at that time.
523:
Between 1140 and 1150 seven royal charters and one private document name Gutierre as "lord in
334:
314:
279:, the lover of Queen Urraca. Elaborating on the story of Rodrigo Jiménez a century later, the
82:
74:
2708:
1756:, p. 189, cites a royal charter from 1146 showing Gutierre as still tenant of Calahorra.
441:
Gutierre was almost constantly at the royal court again in 1146–47, when Alfonso led a major
2601:
2515:
1060:
620:
612:
400:
337:, who wanted Alfonso's protection from the invading Almoravids of Morocco. According to the
155:
118:
821:
Later chroniclers record that Sancho III's favour to Gutierre provoked the war between the
415:
2654:
1151:
960:
918:
540:
477:
380:
94:
691:
578:
Towards the end of Alfonso's reign, Gutierre acquired several fiefs in the region around
105:, which was the highest title borne by the Castilian aristocracy in the twelfth century.
16:
1108:(king's tutor) was the usually title given to those entrusted with the education of an
967:
756:
513:
216:
78:
2402:, p. 442. The reference to Gutierre in a royal charter from 1167 is not reliable.
2732:
907:
822:
703:
368:
113:
Gutierre, who could not have been born much earlier than 1100, was the eldest son of
98:
2099:, on 23 May at Toledo, on 4–9 June and 11 July at Calatrava again and on 17 July at
93:
in this region. Towards the end of his life Gutierre was the elder statesman of the
2665:
2162:
2160:
745:
678:
In 1139, on the king's orders, Gutierre and his brother Rodrigo began the siege of
532:
246:
672:
655:
Ruins of the castle of Belorado, taken from the king of Aragon by Gutierre in 1133
2520:
1091:
955:
surname "de Castro" is not contemporary, but was added later by historians, cf.
687:
552:
442:
430:
led the honour guard that accompanied the new couple back to Garcías capital of
201:
146:, Toda Díaz, daughter of Diego Sánchez, and Enderquina Álvarez, the daughter of
77:
to the south of Castile. In 1139, on the king's orders, he began the successful
70:
2100:
1503:, p. 60: Rodrigo assumed that the Gutierre Fernández of the contemporary
952:
726:
595:
446:
388:
229:
2586:
81:. More often he was occupied defending the eastern frontier from invasion by
963:
791:
695:
507:
The ruins of the castle of Soria, which was commanded by Gutierre in 1140–50
473:
59:
396:
2633:
Relaciones de Poder, de Produccion y Parentesco en la Edad Media y Moderna
383:, after it was reconquered from the Portuguese, and on 29 June he visited
271:("History of Spanish Things"), says that Gutierre Fernández de Castro and
2635:. Madrid: Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas. pp. 5–84.
2440:
et habuit uxorem nomine Theodam, ex qua tamen prolem aliquam non suscepit
768:
760:
690:(Extremadura). This probably included at least the municipal militias of
664:
579:
548:
431:
330:
205:
143:
55:
2605:
2095:, p. 178: he signed on 8 December 1146 at Arévalo, on 9 January at
309:. Contemporary documents refer to him as "great in the imperial court" (
2600:. No. 185. Burgos: Institución Fernán González. pp. 689–720.
1894:
as almost his surname between 1155 and 1157, with or without the title
1363:, in which case the count must have been the son of an unknown wife of
786:
699:
632:
306:
185:
1267:, p. 38, quotes a document dated 21 November 1137 that refers to
1197:
1195:
1193:
1846:, p. 190. Two documents dated 28 April 1147 in the monastery of
886:
in March 1160, where Fernando Rodríguez defeated Manrique's brother,
733:
that Alfonso was planning. Estimating from the eyewitness account of
636:
544:
392:
220:
46:. His career in royal service corresponds exactly with the reigns of
2677:
El obispado de Burgos y Castilla primitiva, desde el siglo V al XIII
1611:, p. 87, says that he was Alfonso's majordomo as early as 1125.
1291:
1289:
1224:
1222:
1464:
1462:
1460:
1458:
2702:. Salamanca: Consejería de educación y cultura de Castilla y León.
1456:
1454:
1452:
1450:
1448:
1446:
1444:
1442:
1440:
1438:
1324:
1322:
1320:
1318:
1316:
966:"Fernández", meaning "son of Fernando ", is found in contemporary
800:
759:. Gutierre probably jointed Alfonso's expedition against Andújar,
650:
524:
502:
465:
296:
211:
There is some confusion between Gutierre de Castro and an earlier
164:
102:
15:
2504:"El conde Gómez González de Candespina: su historia y su familia"
2278:
2276:
2274:
1803:
1801:
180:
enumerated the tenants' liabilities. They owed various services (
142:
In the early 1120s, Gutierre married a woman from the county of
90:
2656:
La nobleza castellana en la plena Edad Media: el linaje de Lara
2166:
1906:
1904:
1608:
935:, is impossible, since Manrique died in 1164, before Gutierre.
706:. In April, with these troops and their own knightly retinues (
117:
and his first wife, Tegridia, a relative of the powerful Count
2624:
The Kingdom of León-Castilla under King Alfonso VII, 1126–1157
1945:
1943:
1623:, p. 440. Sancha donated her portion to the monastery of
862:), but this charter is a later copy and may not be reliable.
406:
On 22 February 1140 Gutierre and his brother Rodrigo were at
89:, and for this purpose the king invested him with many royal
2256:(a very old man and honorable), according to Rodrigo Jiménez
1038:, rather than the most common modern Spanish form, Gutierre.
602:—where Toda's grandmother, Teresa, had retired as a nun—and
2698:
Torres Sevilla-Quiñones de León, Margarita Cecilia (1999).
1783:, p. 36. The same document cites him as lord of Amaya.
1764:
1762:
1580:
1578:
1553:
1551:
1425:
1423:
1421:
1419:
1417:
1415:
1413:
1411:
1409:
2233:
2231:
1549:
1547:
1545:
1543:
1541:
1539:
1537:
1535:
1533:
1531:
1359:, p. 440, states that her father may have been Count
1347:. "Anderquina" is an alternative spelling of "Enderquina.
1343:, p. 697 n. 5, says that Teresa was the daughter of
725:. In December that year he had joined the royal court at
192:, but he only owed them meat on eight of the twenty-four
2135:
2133:
2020:
2018:
1890:, p. 189. The royal chancery seems to have treated
1647:
1645:
890:. After his victory, Fernando fled to the court of King
1168:
1166:
2700:
Linajes nobiliarios de León y Castilla: Siglos IX–XIII
2542:
The Lara Family: Crown and Nobility in Medieval Spain
615:
into it. With Toda's sister, Mayor, and her husband,
931:("Latin Chronicle of the Kings of Castile") and the
827:
terrarum dominia quae ab eo tenebant feudo temporali
426:. Gutierre was probably in attendance, since he and
2482:
The Aristocracy in Twelfth-Century León and Castile
2154:, p. 48, according to Rodrigo Jiménez de Rada.
1678:, p. 140. This treaty is misdated 1141 in the
1518:
1500:
1228:
1201:
848:
omne de gran edad et onrrado et de guardar en onrra
97:, and he died before his family's rivalry with the
2642:Anales de la Real Academia Matritense de Heráldica
2615:Alfonso VIII, rey de Castilla y Toledo (1158–1214)
631:On 23 January 1158 Gutierre held the tenancies of
275:defended the rights of the magnates against Count
2667:Colección diplomática de San Salvador de El Moral
2626:. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
1509:("History of Compostela") was the Castro leader.
42:) was a nobleman and military commander from the
2564:El Reino de Castilla en la época de Alfonso VIII
410:to witness the treaty between Alfonso and Count
2423:
2411:
2399:
2387:
2375:
2363:
2351:
2334:
2322:
2310:
2294:
2282:
2222:
2178:
1997:
1922:
1875:
1863:
1819:
1807:
1792:
1620:
1356:
1295:
1252:
535:. He may even have been appointed "commander" (
395:, the capital of Castile, on 20 October and at
162:. In 1125, Gutierre and his wife promulgated a
2435:
2249:
1910:
1780:
1569:
1488:
1376:
1328:
1307:
1264:
1240:
956:
582:. Private documents refer to him as tenant of
1985:
1961:
1468:
1340:
168:(a feudal statute) governing their estate at
8:
2591:(PhD dissertation). Northwestern University.
751:In 1150 Gutierre participated in the second
555:. He is referred to as "prince of Castile" (
379:invasion. On 26–7 June 1137 Gutierre was at
850:) and, according to the fourteenth-century
2689:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
2659:(Doctoral thesis). Universidad de Sevilla.
2576:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
2598:Boletín de la Institución Fernán González
2519:
2237:
422:married Alfonso's illegitimate daughter,
2502:Canal Sánchez-Pagín, José María (2003).
2484:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
1484:
196:during the year. Tenants had to provide
2451:
2139:
2124:
2076:
2072:
1949:
1693:
1596:
1480:
1388:
1162:
944:
2713:" de Calahorra en los siglos XI y XII"
2682:
2569:
2463:
2265:
2206:
2194:
2151:
2112:
2092:
2060:
2048:
2036:
2024:
2009:
1973:
1934:
1887:
1843:
1831:
1768:
1753:
1741:
1729:
1717:
1705:
1675:
1663:
1651:
1636:
1584:
1557:
1429:
1400:
1280:
1213:
1184:
1172:
624:that year Gutierre had introduced the
1625:Santa María de Bujedo de Candepajares
970:documents in an array of variations:
833:Alfonso VIII and the Castro–Lara feud
249:, says that shortly after 1100, King
172:. It is the only preserved non-royal
7:
2588:The Chronicle of Alfonso the Emperor
2167:Torres Sevilla-Quiñones de León 1999
1609:Torres Sevilla-Quiñones de León 1999
1030:. Some modern historians render it
735:Caffaro di Rustico da Caschifellone
900:monastery of Santa María de La Vid
54:(1157–58). He served Alfonso as a
14:
2653:Sánchez de Mora, Antonio (2003).
1271:(Gutierre Rodrigo his brother).
1121:His entourage include Archbishop
346:counselors. When they arrived in
813:In 1152, on receiving news that
755:, and in 1151 he helped besiege
464:Gutierre held several important
412:Raymond Berengar IV of Barcelona
71:military campaigns of reconquest
2707:Ubieto Arteta, Agustín (1969).
2613:Martínez Díez, Gonzalo (2007).
2075:, p. 174, II, vv. 279–85;
1059:, and received homage from the
928:Chronica latina regum Castellae
498:Alfonso I of Aragon and Navarre
251:Alfonso I of Aragon and Navarre
2508:Anuario de Estudios Medievales
2491:Anuario de Estudios Medievales
882:, and he did not fight in the
176:from the reign of Urraca. The
69:Gutierre took part in several
1:
2617:. Gijón: Ediciones Trea, S.L.
2254:vir grandaevus et honorabilis
729:in preparation for the major
436:Chronica Adefonsi imperatoris
339:Chronica Adefonsi imperatoris
239:Esteban de Garibay y Zamalloa
132:Chronica Adefonsi imperatoris
36:
2540:Doubleday, Simon R. (2001).
571:promulgated by the abbot of
543:. In 1145–46 he was lord of
26:Gutierre Fernández de Castro
2622:Reilly, Bernard F. (1998).
2544:. Harvard University Press.
2521:10.3989/aem.2003.v33.i1.197
1269:Gutier Rodric frater eius
311:magnus in corte imperatoris
273:Gómez González de Manzanedo
268:Historia de rebus Hispaniae
121:. He had one full brother,
2770:
2585:Lipskey, Glenn E. (1972).
1154:of Manrique Pérez de Lara.
713:Gutierre Fernández, Count
606:. On 5 April 1139, Bishop
184:) two days a month on the
2749:People of the Reconquista
2675:Serrano, Luciano (1935).
2664:Serrano, Luciano (1906).
420:García Ramírez of Navarre
2562:González, Julio (1960).
1519:Canal Sánchez-Pagín 2003
1501:Canal Sánchez-Pagín 2003
1229:Canal Sánchez-Pagín 1997
1202:Canal Sánchez-Pagín 2003
771:as many as 500 knights.
731:campaign against Almería
600:San Salvador de El Moral
590:(19 September 1154) and
994:and the Latinised form
852:Primera Crónica General
809:) of Nájera in 1153–55.
796:paraninfus Sancii regis
626:Premonstratensian Order
617:Rodrigo Muñoz de Guzmán
573:Santa María de Husillos
282:Primera Crónica General
263:Rodrigo Jiménez de Rada
253:attacked the church of
115:Fernando García de Hita
2679:. Vol. 1. Madrid.
2566:. Vol. 1. Madrid.
2480:Barton, Simon (1997).
1822:, p. 112, n. 170.
1696:, p. 101, I, §94.
1506:Historia Compostellana
840:Manrique Pérez de Lara
810:
656:
604:San Cristóbal de Ibeas
508:
443:campaign of reconquest
418:on 24 June 1144, King
391:on 3 October, back at
385:Santiago de Compostela
352:
302:
287:Pedro Fróilaz de Traba
277:Pedro González de Lara
50:(1126–57) and his son
22:
2211:Santa María de Nájera
1599:, p. 68, I, §28.
1095:, meaning "commander.
1076:in more proper Latin.
910:, were both present.
804:
774:
654:
592:Carrión de los Condes
584:Villagarcía de Campos
506:
408:Carrión de los Condes
343:
333:, the Muslim lord of
300:
292:
243:Prudencio de Sandoval
170:San Cebrián de Campos
109:Family and early life
19:
2438:, p. 37 n. 26:
2424:Sánchez de Mora 2003
2412:Sánchez de Mora 2003
2400:Sánchez de Mora 2003
2388:Sánchez de Mora 2003
2376:Sánchez de Mora 2003
2364:Sánchez de Mora 2003
2352:Sánchez de Mora 2003
2335:Sánchez de Mora 2003
2325:, p. 136 n. 70.
2323:Sánchez de Mora 2003
2313:, p. 135 n. 68.
2311:Sánchez de Mora 2003
2295:Sánchez de Mora 2003
2283:Sánchez de Mora 2003
2223:Sánchez de Mora 2003
2179:Sánchez de Mora 2003
1998:Sánchez de Mora 2003
1952:, pp. xxiv–xxv.
1923:Sánchez de Mora 2003
1876:Sánchez de Mora 2003
1864:Sánchez de Mora 2003
1820:Sánchez de Mora 2003
1808:Sánchez de Mora 2003
1793:Sánchez de Mora 2003
1681:Liber feudorum maior
1621:Sánchez de Mora 2003
1357:Sánchez de Mora 2003
1296:Sánchez de Mora 2003
1253:Martínez Sopena 1990
1150:García was also the
1139:Rodrigo of Calahorra
892:Ferdinand II of León
868:potestas in Castella
815:Sancho VI of Navarre
661:siege of Castrojeriz
586:(21 February 1154),
565:potestas in Castella
259:heredero de Castilla
137:García Garcés de Aza
2436:Salazar y Acha 1991
2268:, p. 264 n. 7.
2252:, p. 35 n. 5:
2250:Salazar y Acha 1991
1911:Salazar y Acha 1991
1781:Salazar y Acha 1991
1570:Salazar y Acha 1991
1489:Salazar y Acha 1991
1379:, p. 37 n. 24.
1377:Salazar y Acha 1991
1361:Diego López de Haro
1329:Salazar y Acha 1991
1308:Salazar y Acha 1991
1265:Salazar y Acha 1991
1241:Salazar y Acha 1991
1127:Raymond of Palencia
1072:Also Tota Díez, or
957:Salazar y Acha 1991
915:Raymond of Palencia
896:Knights Hospitaller
880:cathedral of Burgos
647:Military activities
608:Simon III of Burgos
512:Gutierre then held
486:alcaldes de concejo
424:Urraca the Asturian
293:Alfonso VII's court
255:San Isidoro de León
129:. According to the
2739:Castilian nobility
2709:"Notas sobre los "
2390:, pp. 163–64.
1986:Martínez Díez 1975
1964:, pp. 697–98.
1962:Martínez Díez 1975
1852:princeps Castilla
1848:San Juan de Burgos
1771:, pp. 195–96.
1666:, pp. 176–78.
1587:, pp. 139–40.
1471:, pp. 227–28.
1469:Ubieto Arteta 1969
1432:, pp. 189–90.
1341:Martínez Díez 1975
1298:, pp. 133–34.
1135:Vincent of Segovia
1089:, from the Arabic
959:, p. 35 n. 4. The
888:Nuño Pérez de Lara
884:battle of Lobregal
872:Fernando Rodríguez
811:
775:Sancho III's court
657:
509:
303:
213:Gutierre Fernández
152:Quintanilla Rodano
58:after 1134 and as
44:Kingdom of Castile
23:
2717:Príncipe de Viana
2169:, pp. 86–87.
1560:, pp. 32–33.
1487:, pp. 321ff. Cf.
1403:, pp. 96–98.
1391:, pp. 31–39.
1331:, pp. 36–37.
1204:, pp. 59–61.
1123:Raymond of Toledo
904:Lope Díaz de Haro
557:princeps Castelle
403:, on 29 October.
399:, capital of the
148:Álvar Díaz de Oca
123:Rodrigo Fernández
75:Almoravid Emirate
2761:
2724:
2703:
2694:
2688:
2680:
2671:
2660:
2649:
2636:
2627:
2618:
2609:
2592:
2581:
2575:
2567:
2558:
2545:
2536:
2534:
2533:
2524:. Archived from
2523:
2498:
2485:
2467:
2461:
2455:
2454:, p. xxiii.
2449:
2443:
2433:
2427:
2421:
2415:
2409:
2403:
2397:
2391:
2385:
2379:
2373:
2367:
2361:
2355:
2349:
2343:
2332:
2326:
2320:
2314:
2308:
2302:
2292:
2286:
2280:
2269:
2263:
2257:
2247:
2241:
2235:
2226:
2220:
2214:
2204:
2198:
2192:
2186:
2176:
2170:
2164:
2155:
2149:
2143:
2137:
2128:
2122:
2116:
2110:
2104:
2090:
2084:
2070:
2064:
2058:
2052:
2046:
2040:
2034:
2028:
2022:
2013:
2007:
2001:
1995:
1989:
1983:
1977:
1971:
1965:
1959:
1953:
1947:
1938:
1932:
1926:
1920:
1914:
1908:
1899:
1885:
1879:
1873:
1867:
1861:
1855:
1841:
1835:
1829:
1823:
1817:
1811:
1805:
1796:
1790:
1784:
1778:
1772:
1766:
1757:
1751:
1745:
1739:
1733:
1727:
1721:
1715:
1709:
1703:
1697:
1691:
1685:
1673:
1667:
1661:
1655:
1649:
1640:
1634:
1628:
1618:
1612:
1606:
1600:
1594:
1588:
1582:
1573:
1567:
1561:
1555:
1526:
1516:
1510:
1498:
1492:
1478:
1472:
1466:
1433:
1427:
1404:
1398:
1392:
1386:
1380:
1374:
1368:
1354:
1348:
1338:
1332:
1326:
1311:
1305:
1299:
1293:
1284:
1278:
1272:
1262:
1256:
1250:
1244:
1238:
1232:
1226:
1217:
1211:
1205:
1199:
1188:
1182:
1176:
1170:
1155:
1148:
1142:
1131:Victor of Burgos
1119:
1113:
1102:
1096:
1083:
1077:
1070:
1064:
1061:Kings of Navarre
1045:
1039:
949:
860:prepositus regni
856:Sancha Raimúndez
753:siege of Córdoba
723:siege of Córdoba
621:Ibeas de Juarros
613:Benedictine rule
588:Monzón de Campos
323:Rodrigo Martínez
319:Rodrigo González
315:church of Burgos
156:Quintana Fortuno
41:
38:
34:
31:
2769:
2768:
2764:
2763:
2762:
2760:
2759:
2758:
2754:House of Castro
2729:
2728:
2727:
2706:
2697:
2681:
2674:
2663:
2652:
2639:
2630:
2621:
2612:
2595:
2584:
2568:
2561:
2548:
2539:
2531:
2529:
2501:
2488:
2479:
2475:
2470:
2462:
2458:
2450:
2446:
2434:
2430:
2422:
2418:
2410:
2406:
2398:
2394:
2386:
2382:
2374:
2370:
2362:
2358:
2350:
2346:
2337:, p. 136:
2333:
2329:
2321:
2317:
2309:
2305:
2297:, p. 135:
2293:
2289:
2281:
2272:
2264:
2260:
2248:
2244:
2236:
2229:
2221:
2217:
2205:
2201:
2193:
2189:
2177:
2173:
2165:
2158:
2150:
2146:
2138:
2131:
2127:, p. xxii.
2123:
2119:
2111:
2107:
2091:
2087:
2071:
2067:
2059:
2055:
2047:
2043:
2035:
2031:
2023:
2016:
2008:
2004:
1996:
1992:
1984:
1980:
1972:
1968:
1960:
1956:
1948:
1941:
1933:
1929:
1921:
1917:
1909:
1902:
1886:
1882:
1874:
1870:
1862:
1858:
1842:
1838:
1830:
1826:
1818:
1814:
1806:
1799:
1791:
1787:
1779:
1775:
1767:
1760:
1752:
1748:
1740:
1736:
1728:
1724:
1716:
1712:
1704:
1700:
1692:
1688:
1674:
1670:
1662:
1658:
1650:
1643:
1635:
1631:
1619:
1615:
1607:
1603:
1595:
1591:
1583:
1576:
1568:
1564:
1556:
1529:
1517:
1513:
1499:
1495:
1479:
1475:
1467:
1436:
1428:
1407:
1399:
1395:
1387:
1383:
1375:
1371:
1355:
1351:
1339:
1335:
1327:
1314:
1306:
1302:
1294:
1287:
1279:
1275:
1263:
1259:
1251:
1247:
1239:
1235:
1227:
1220:
1212:
1208:
1200:
1191:
1183:
1179:
1171:
1164:
1160:
1159:
1158:
1152:uterine brother
1149:
1145:
1120:
1116:
1103:
1099:
1084:
1080:
1071:
1067:
1046:
1042:
950:
946:
941:
933:Primera Crónica
919:battle of Huete
876:Pedro Rodríguez
835:
777:
740:Poem of Almería
649:
541:diocese of Osma
529:domino in Soria
462:
295:
111:
39:
32:
12:
11:
5:
2767:
2765:
2757:
2756:
2751:
2746:
2741:
2731:
2730:
2726:
2725:
2723:(116): 221–32.
2704:
2695:
2672:
2661:
2650:
2637:
2628:
2619:
2610:
2593:
2582:
2559:
2546:
2537:
2499:
2486:
2476:
2474:
2471:
2469:
2468:
2456:
2444:
2428:
2416:
2414:, p. 617.
2404:
2392:
2380:
2378:, p. 144.
2368:
2366:, p. 139.
2356:
2354:, p. 137.
2344:
2327:
2315:
2303:
2287:
2285:, p. 138.
2270:
2258:
2242:
2238:Doubleday 2001
2227:
2225:, p. 131.
2215:
2199:
2197:, p. 145.
2187:
2171:
2156:
2144:
2129:
2117:
2115:, p. 181.
2105:
2085:
2065:
2063:, p. 174.
2053:
2041:
2029:
2027:, p. 173.
2014:
2002:
2000:, p. 167.
1990:
1988:, p. 699.
1978:
1966:
1954:
1939:
1937:, p. 206.
1927:
1925:, p. 576.
1915:
1900:
1880:
1868:
1856:
1836:
1824:
1812:
1810:, p. 440.
1797:
1795:, p. 611.
1785:
1773:
1758:
1746:
1744:, p. 303.
1734:
1732:, p. 101.
1722:
1720:, p. 131.
1710:
1698:
1686:
1668:
1656:
1654:, p. 179.
1641:
1639:, p. 142.
1629:
1613:
1601:
1589:
1574:
1562:
1527:
1521:, p. 60:
1511:
1493:
1473:
1434:
1405:
1393:
1381:
1369:
1349:
1345:Ordoño Ramírez
1333:
1312:
1300:
1285:
1283:, p. 127.
1273:
1257:
1245:
1233:
1231:, p. 763.
1218:
1206:
1189:
1177:
1175:, p. 162.
1161:
1157:
1156:
1143:
1114:
1106:nutritor regis
1097:
1078:
1065:
1040:
943:
942:
940:
937:
834:
831:
776:
773:
648:
645:
641:Piedras Negras
461:
458:
335:Rueda de Jalón
294:
291:
110:
107:
79:Siege of Oreja
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2766:
2755:
2752:
2750:
2747:
2745:
2742:
2740:
2737:
2736:
2734:
2722:
2718:
2714:
2712:
2705:
2701:
2696:
2692:
2686:
2678:
2673:
2669:
2668:
2662:
2658:
2657:
2651:
2647:
2643:
2638:
2634:
2629:
2625:
2620:
2616:
2611:
2607:
2603:
2599:
2594:
2590:
2589:
2583:
2579:
2573:
2565:
2560:
2557:(92): 251–74.
2556:
2552:
2547:
2543:
2538:
2528:on 2017-12-11
2527:
2522:
2517:
2513:
2509:
2505:
2500:
2496:
2492:
2487:
2483:
2478:
2477:
2472:
2466:, p. 46.
2465:
2460:
2457:
2453:
2448:
2445:
2441:
2437:
2432:
2429:
2425:
2420:
2417:
2413:
2408:
2405:
2401:
2396:
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2357:
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2328:
2324:
2319:
2316:
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2307:
2304:
2300:
2296:
2291:
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2284:
2279:
2277:
2275:
2271:
2267:
2262:
2259:
2255:
2251:
2246:
2243:
2240:, p. 36.
2239:
2234:
2232:
2228:
2224:
2219:
2216:
2212:
2208:
2203:
2200:
2196:
2191:
2188:
2184:
2180:
2175:
2172:
2168:
2163:
2161:
2157:
2153:
2148:
2145:
2142:, p. 67.
2141:
2136:
2134:
2130:
2126:
2121:
2118:
2114:
2109:
2106:
2102:
2098:
2094:
2089:
2086:
2083:
2078:
2074:
2069:
2066:
2062:
2057:
2054:
2050:
2045:
2042:
2039:, p. 65.
2038:
2033:
2030:
2026:
2021:
2019:
2015:
2012:, p. 90.
2011:
2006:
2003:
1999:
1994:
1991:
1987:
1982:
1979:
1975:
1970:
1967:
1963:
1958:
1955:
1951:
1946:
1944:
1940:
1936:
1931:
1928:
1924:
1919:
1916:
1913:, p. 37.
1912:
1907:
1905:
1901:
1897:
1893:
1889:
1884:
1881:
1877:
1872:
1869:
1865:
1860:
1857:
1853:
1849:
1845:
1840:
1837:
1833:
1828:
1825:
1821:
1816:
1813:
1809:
1804:
1802:
1798:
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1786:
1782:
1777:
1774:
1770:
1765:
1763:
1759:
1755:
1750:
1747:
1743:
1738:
1735:
1731:
1726:
1723:
1719:
1714:
1711:
1708:, p. 83.
1707:
1702:
1699:
1695:
1690:
1687:
1683:
1682:
1677:
1672:
1669:
1665:
1660:
1657:
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1648:
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1614:
1610:
1605:
1602:
1598:
1593:
1590:
1586:
1581:
1579:
1575:
1572:, p. 36.
1571:
1566:
1563:
1559:
1554:
1552:
1550:
1548:
1546:
1544:
1542:
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1532:
1528:
1524:
1520:
1515:
1512:
1508:
1507:
1502:
1497:
1494:
1491:, p. 35 n. 6.
1490:
1486:
1485:González 1960
1482:
1477:
1474:
1470:
1465:
1463:
1461:
1459:
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1350:
1346:
1342:
1337:
1334:
1330:
1325:
1323:
1321:
1319:
1317:
1313:
1310:, p. 39.
1309:
1304:
1301:
1297:
1292:
1290:
1286:
1282:
1277:
1274:
1270:
1266:
1261:
1258:
1255:, p. 71.
1254:
1249:
1246:
1243:, p. 38.
1242:
1237:
1234:
1230:
1225:
1223:
1219:
1216:, p. 40.
1215:
1210:
1207:
1203:
1198:
1196:
1194:
1190:
1186:
1181:
1178:
1174:
1169:
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1163:
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1021:
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989:
985:
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863:
861:
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853:
849:
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841:
832:
830:
828:
824:
819:
816:
808:
803:
799:
797:
793:
789:
788:
783:
772:
770:
766:
765:Santa Eufemia
762:
758:
754:
749:
747:
742:
741:
736:
732:
728:
724:
720:
716:
715:Rodrigo Gómez
711:
709:
705:
701:
697:
693:
689:
685:
681:
676:
674:
670:
669:Montes de Oca
666:
662:
653:
646:
644:
642:
638:
634:
629:
627:
622:
618:
614:
609:
605:
601:
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581:
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534:
530:
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521:
519:
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505:
501:
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487:
483:
479:
475:
471:
467:
459:
457:
455:
453:
448:
444:
439:
437:
433:
429:
428:Rodrigo Gómez
425:
421:
417:
413:
409:
404:
402:
398:
394:
390:
386:
382:
378:
374:
373:submaiordomus
370:
369:royal demesne
366:
362:
358:
351:
349:
342:
340:
336:
332:
331:Sayf al-Dawla
328:
324:
320:
316:
312:
308:
299:
290:
288:
284:
283:
278:
274:
270:
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133:
128:
124:
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119:Pedro Ansúrez
116:
108:
106:
104:
100:
96:
95:Castro family
92:
88:
84:
80:
76:
72:
67:
65:
61:
57:
53:
49:
45:
27:
18:
2744:1160s deaths
2720:
2716:
2710:
2699:
2676:
2666:
2655:
2645:
2641:
2632:
2623:
2614:
2606:10259.4/1729
2597:
2587:
2563:
2554:
2550:
2541:
2530:. Retrieved
2526:the original
2514:(1): 37–68.
2511:
2507:
2497:(2): 119–35.
2494:
2490:
2481:
2459:
2452:Serrano 1906
2447:
2439:
2431:
2419:
2407:
2395:
2383:
2371:
2359:
2347:
2338:
2330:
2318:
2306:
2298:
2290:
2261:
2253:
2245:
2218:
2202:
2190:
2182:
2174:
2147:
2140:Serrano 1935
2125:Serrano 1906
2120:
2108:
2088:
2080:
2077:Serrano 1906
2073:Lipskey 1972
2068:
2056:
2044:
2032:
2005:
1993:
1981:
1969:
1957:
1950:Serrano 1906
1930:
1918:
1895:
1891:
1883:
1871:
1859:
1851:
1850:cite him as
1839:
1827:
1815:
1788:
1776:
1749:
1737:
1725:
1713:
1701:
1694:Lipskey 1972
1689:
1679:
1671:
1659:
1632:
1616:
1604:
1597:Lipskey 1972
1592:
1565:
1522:
1514:
1504:
1496:
1481:Serrano 1906
1476:
1396:
1389:Serrano 1906
1384:
1372:
1365:Lope Íñiguez
1352:
1336:
1303:
1276:
1268:
1260:
1248:
1236:
1209:
1180:
1146:
1125:and Bishops
1117:
1112:(royal son).
1109:
1105:
1100:
1090:
1086:
1081:
1073:
1068:
1043:
1035:
1031:
1027:
1023:
1019:
1015:
1011:
1007:
1003:
999:
995:
991:
987:
983:
979:
975:
971:
961:Basque-style
947:
932:
926:
923:
912:
867:
864:
859:
851:
847:
836:
826:
820:
812:
806:
795:
785:
781:
778:
750:
738:
712:
707:
684:Trans-Sierra
677:
658:
630:
628:into Ibeas.
577:
568:
564:
560:
556:
536:
533:Roa de Duero
528:
522:
517:
510:
500:until 1134.
493:
492:) or vicar (
489:
485:
481:
469:
463:
451:
440:
435:
405:
372:
364:
360:
353:
347:
344:
338:
310:
304:
280:
266:
258:
247:Lucas of Tuy
228:
224:
210:
197:
193:
189:
181:
177:
173:
163:
160:Sotopalacios
141:
130:
112:
73:against the
68:
64:Alfonso VIII
25:
24:
2464:Barton 1997
2266:Barton 1997
2207:Reilly 1998
2195:Reilly 1998
2152:Barton 1997
2113:Barton 1997
2093:Barton 1997
2061:Barton 1997
2049:Barton 1997
2037:Reilly 1998
2025:Barton 1997
2010:Barton 1997
1974:Reilly 1998
1935:Reilly 1998
1892:de Castilla
1888:Reilly 1998
1844:Reilly 1998
1832:Reilly 1998
1769:Reilly 1998
1754:Reilly 1998
1742:Reilly 1998
1730:Barton 1997
1718:Barton 1997
1706:Reilly 1998
1676:Barton 1997
1664:Barton 1997
1652:Barton 1997
1637:Barton 1997
1585:Barton 1997
1558:Barton 1997
1430:Reilly 1998
1401:Barton 1997
1281:Barton 1997
1214:Barton 1997
1185:Reilly 1998
1173:Reilly 1998
992:Fredenandiz
844:New Castile
688:Trans-Duero
553:Old Castile
520:of Burgos.
327:Pedro López
202:Castrojeriz
48:Alfonso VII
40: 1166
33: 1124
2733:Categories
2551:Celtiberia
2532:2014-10-13
1104:The title
1028:Guteirrius
1024:Gutterrius
782:nutritores
719:Lope López
596:royal fisc
537:adelantado
454:of Sahagún
377:Portuguese
363:, Spanish
361:maiordomus
357:Valderrama
235:Alfonso VI
233:) to King
227:, perhaps
198:mandadería
52:Sancho III
2685:cite book
2572:cite book
2183:nutricius
2097:Calatrava
2079:, p. xx:
1020:Guterrius
988:Frenandez
984:Ferrandiz
980:Ferrandez
976:Fernandiz
972:Fernandez
953:toponymic
792:paranymph
784:) to the
696:Salamanca
539:) of the
474:Calahorra
470:tenencias
460:Tenancies
365:mayordomo
265:, in his
60:majordomo
2711:tenentes
2648:: 33–68.
2082:honorum.
1896:potestas
1627:in 1175.
1016:Guterrus
1012:Guterius
996:Fernandi
964:patronym
761:Pedroche
708:mesnadas
665:Belorado
580:Palencia
561:potestas
549:Zaragoza
494:vicarius
432:Pamplona
307:charters
206:Arconada
56:courtier
35: –
21:village.
2473:Sources
2101:Andújar
1110:infante
1087:alcaide
1053:Galicia
1008:Guthier
787:infante
727:Arévalo
700:Segovia
633:Cervera
518:alcalde
482:alcalde
447:Almazán
389:Logroño
230:alférez
225:armiger
223:(Latin
186:demesne
87:Navarre
1074:Theoda
1057:Toledo
1036:Gutier
769:dubbed
704:Toledo
673:Grañón
637:Mudave
545:Arnedo
490:tenens
478:Tudela
452:fueros
397:Nájera
393:Burgos
221:squire
194:sernas
182:sernas
127:Urraca
83:Aragon
1092:qāʾid
1032:Guter
1004:Guter
1000:Goter
968:Latin
939:Notes
908:Haros
823:Laras
807:reino
746:Baeza
692:Ávila
680:Oreja
569:fuero
525:Soria
514:Amaya
466:fiefs
414:. In
401:Rioja
190:serna
178:fuero
174:fuero
165:fuero
144:Álava
103:count
99:Laras
91:fiefs
2691:link
2578:link
1137:and
1055:and
1049:León
1026:and
951:The
763:and
757:Jaén
717:and
702:and
686:and
671:and
639:and
416:León
348:Rota
325:and
241:and
217:page
158:and
2602:hdl
2516:doi
2340:...
1085:Or
1034:or
902:by
794:" (
527:" (
381:Tuy
219:or
85:or
30:fl.
2735::
2721:30
2719:.
2715:.
2687:}}
2683:{{
2644:.
2574:}}
2570:{{
2555:48
2553:.
2512:33
2510:.
2506:.
2495:27
2493:.
2273:^
2230:^
2159:^
2132:^
2017:^
1942:^
1903:^
1800:^
1761:^
1644:^
1577:^
1530:^
1437:^
1408:^
1315:^
1288:^
1221:^
1192:^
1165:^
1133:,
1129:,
1051:,
1022:,
1018:,
1014:,
1010:,
1006:,
1002:,
990:,
986:,
982:,
978:,
974:,
874:,
698:,
694:,
667:,
635:,
456:.
341::
321:,
289:.
208:.
154:,
66:.
37:c.
28:([
2693:)
2646:1
2608:.
2604::
2580:)
2535:.
2518::
2442:.
2185:.
2103:.
1898:.
1854:.
1684:.
1141:.
1063:.
866:(
780:(
468:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
