1401:
305:
1394:
1387:
133:
1481:
2401:
1445:
372:, PSOE leaders have never acknowledged responsibility for the GAL or condemned their crimes. González, who has never been charged with a GAL-related offence, has called publicly for pardons for his former subordinates. PSOE leaders campaigned for leniency towards their former colleagues, and the Aznar government pardoned several of them.
312:
Prosecutors proved that the police officers who recruited mercenaries and the government officials who organized the dirty-war operations also embezzled large amounts of public money. Rafael Vera and others were sentenced for illegal appropriation of funds from the
Interior Ministry. To ensure their
203:
on the French side of the
Spanish-French border, but kidnappings and torture also took place in Spain. Most victims (at least 27 dead and 26 injured) were ETA members or activist Basque nationalists, but some were not known to have links to ETA or any other organization advocating
416:
by mercenaries hired by the
Spanish police, who demanded the liberation of the four police officers arrested for the attempted kidnapping of Larraetxea. The officers were released on December 8, and Marey on December 13. Marey, not related to ETA, was apparently kidnapped by
609:
February 17: Assassination of
Christophe Matxikote and Catherine Brion, who had no ETA connections. GAL did not claim responsibility but Miguel Brecia (with known links to the groups) was convicted of the attack, and the court considered it a GAL
947:
891:
839:
977:
246:
in the Basque
Country. In addition to GAL operatives, several Spanish police officers and government officials were convicted and imprisoned when the operation ended. Interior Minister
1007:
722:
gave the name "Green GAL" to a Civil Guard group (who wear green uniforms) based in San
Sebastián's Intxaurrondo barracks, alleging that the group attacked ETA members illegally.
313:
silence, the PSOE government bribed inspector José Amedo Fouce and Michel Domínguez. Vera was sentenced to 18 months in prison, and his secretary received a nine-month sentence.
939:
620:
July 24: Assassination of Juan Carlos García Goena, unconnected with ETA. Although GAL did not claim responsibility, the mercenaries who killed him accused GAL of ordering it.
2468:
2458:
219:
Its main purposes were to attack ETA members and Basque nationalist targets and to wreak havoc in French territory to put pressure on the French government. Apart from the
2463:
2453:
2448:
1675:
333:
was suspected of GAL involvement. Several years of investigation concluded that "Señor X" was the chief official of an organization supervising
Interior Minister
1234:
2473:
1210:
2488:
1183:
2253:
1688:
861:
2478:
2194:
1309:
495:
June 15: Assassination of alleged ETA member Tomás Pérez
Revilla by a bomb hidden in a motorcycle in Biarritz. His companion, Ramón Orbe, is injured.
831:
2032:
883:
2170:
969:
2295:
1529:
1159:
1045:
286:
1078:
2433:
1857:
1282:
803:
513:
402:
1714:
914:
2513:
2312:
1649:
2317:
213:
999:
809:
2332:
2285:
1485:
175:
224:
2214:
1266:
554:
March 29: Attack on Les Pyreneés tavern in
Bayonne. Five people (one of whom was allegedly an ETA member) were injured, one fatally.
1805:
2503:
2483:
764:
232:
182:
2392:
2157:
200:
242:
From its beginning, GAL attacks indicated a close connection to high-ranking officials in the PSOE government and a number of
1902:
2322:
1302:
739:
593:
in
Bayonne kills ETA members José Mari Etxaniz, Iñaki Asteazu Izarra, Agustín Irazustabarrena and Sabin Etxaide Ibarguren.
357:
342:
2438:
2344:
2306:
2228:
1662:
678:
271:
36:
1720:
1578:
768:
705:
2443:
2006:
1599:
1231:
694:
338:
2327:
1746:
1606:
711:
1200:
2498:
2240:
1818:
1180:
387:
275:
108:
2508:
2493:
2290:
2144:
1889:
1727:
1701:
545:
February 5: Bomb attack injuring Christian Casteigts in Bayonne. Casteigts was not known to have ETA connections.
365:
191:
played an important role in exposing GAL when it published a comprehensive series of articles about the squads.
2428:
2404:
2300:
2132:
1463:
1295:
869:
650:
644:
369:
316:
243:
1613:
832:"Políticos condenados por su relación con el GAL pasaron menos tiempo en la cárcel que los jóvenes de Altsasu"
551:
March 26: Assassination attempt on alleged ETA member Ramón Basañez Jauregi in Bayonne, seriously injuring him
346:
2423:
2071:
580:
326:
2377:
2259:
2234:
2090:
2084:
1993:
1508:
1495:
1338:
1327:
463:
164:
84:
699:
668:
586:
August 31: Assassination of Dominique Labeyrie in St. Jean de Luz. Labeyrie had no known ETA connections.
361:
298:
1980:
1620:
1556:
1421:
477:, is injured. ETA kills industrialist Ángel Rodríguez, whom they accused of assisting the GAL, that day.
474:
297:
from high-ranking Civil Guard official Rafael Masa, as ordered by Spanish State Security chief director
656:
480:
May 26: Kidnapping and torture of Rafael and Endika Lorenzo, members of the anti-nuclear committees in
662:
540:
263:
44:
2349:
2207:
2182:
1967:
1753:
1458:
1258:
751:
735:
391:
350:
1029:
301:. Part of the payment for the attempt on Brouard's life, however, was diverted to unknown purposes.
227:; many members were foreign mercenaries. Many of these mercenaries were recruited from the European
2354:
2077:
2064:
2058:
2051:
2038:
2025:
2019:
2012:
1999:
1986:
1973:
1960:
1954:
1947:
1934:
1921:
1908:
1895:
1876:
1863:
1844:
1811:
1798:
1792:
1785:
1779:
1772:
1759:
1733:
1707:
1694:
1681:
1668:
1655:
1431:
1151:
1070:
1030:"Damborenea es el primero de los condenados por el "caso Marey" que ha recurrido al Constitucional"
632:
596:
December 24: Robert Caplanne is fatally injured in Biarritz. Caplanne had no known ETA connections.
590:
536:
341:
eventually identified Señor X as the prime minister. González' involvement was confirmed by former
334:
267:
247:
220:
104:
32:
2372:
2188:
2045:
1740:
760:
638:
251:
228:
205:
168:
156:
40:
330:
2387:
2338:
2279:
2221:
2164:
2138:
1278:
1275:
1262:
1037:
799:
793:
558:
424:
1549:
394:
in 1985, but not formally identified until 1995. Several Civil Guard officers were convicted.
2382:
1941:
1915:
1870:
1831:
1766:
1592:
682:
509:
321:
187:
144:
132:
304:
1318:
1238:
1187:
282:
236:
160:
437:
February 8: Assassination of alleged ETA members Vicente Perurena and Angel Gurmindo in
293:
representative Santi Brouard. Would-be assassin Jose Luis Morcillo received 7.5 million
2126:
745:
294:
290:
368:(PP) for the first time. González then resigned as PSOE leader. With the exception of
2417:
1643:
1205:
443:
February 25: Sniper assassination of alleged ETA member Eugenio Gutiérrez Salazar in
1542:
1516:
1501:
1426:
731:
1000:"Villarejo defiende la 'guerra sucia' contra ETA: "Me hubiera gustado participar""
573:
July 8: Juan Carlos Lacertúa is injured in an attack on the Vittor Bar in Ciboure.
576:
July 16: A bomb is discovered attached to the car of Fernando Eguilior in Anglet.
181:
At trial, it was proven that they were financed by high-ranking officials in the
1928:
1568:
1071:"La Guardia Civil pensó que la muerte de Zabala y Lasa era un ajuste de cuentas"
755:
444:
406:
152:
1201:"Los cuatro víctimas del atentado de Bayona pueden ser miembros de ETA militar"
570:
June 26: Assassination of alleged ETA member Santos Blanco González in Bayonne.
2176:
1415:
413:
255:
1041:
308:
Memorial demonstration for Joxe Antonio Lasa and Joxe Ignacio Zabala in 2008
420:
December 19: Assassination of alleged ETA member Ramón Oñaederra in Bayonne
2150:
2119:
1535:
1523:
719:
502:
470:
456:
259:
171:
579:
August 2: ETA member Juan María Otaegui Elizegui ("Txato") is killed in
2247:
1155:
1074:
970:"Documentos de la CIA relatan que Felipe González acordó crear los GAL"
564:
523:
481:
450:
438:
398:
235:), however, and many perpetrators and organizers were active or former
223:
rationale for its opposition to Basque separatism, GAL was not on the
1449:
884:"Morcillo confiesa que asesinó a Santi Brouard por orden de Interior"
517:
489:
423:
December 29: Assassination of alleged ETA leader Mikel Goikoetxea in
1232:
La Audencia ordena investigar a Interior por dos asesinatos del GAL
2200:
1405:
1287:
485:
303:
131:
567:. Two people were killed, neither known to have ETA connections.
548:
March 4: An attack on the Lagunequin bar in Bayonne injures two.
469:
May 3: Assassination of alleged ETA member Rafael Goikoetxea in
386:
October 17: Kidnapping and assassination of alleged ETA members
1291:
449:
March 1: Assassination of railroad worker Jean Pierre Leyba in
401:
of alleged ETA leader José Mari Larretxea Goñi by four Spanish
557:
March 30: Assassination of photojournalist Xabier Galdeano in
498:
July 10: Bomb attack on the Consolation tavern, injuring three
1255:
Dirty War, Clean Hands -- ETA, the GAL and Spanish Democracy
501:
November 18: Assassination of dancer Christian Olaskoaga in
16:
1983–87 Spanish government death squads created to fight ETA
606:
February 8: Attack on the Batxoki tavern injures three.
798:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 339.
635:, interior minister in PSOE cabinets from 1982 to 1988
208:. GAL was active from 1983 to 1987, a period known as
136:
Memorial for Eugenio Gutiérrez Salazar, killed by GAL
356:
The death squads were an important issue during the
2269:
2109:
2100:
1634:
1566:
1476:
1440:
1382:
1373:
1364:
455:March 19: GAL mercenary Jean-Pierre Cherid dies in
353:on October 21, 2021 that González had created GAL.
337:and Vera, but Gonzalez was not named or tried. The
276:
murder of Joxe Antonio Lasa and Joxe Ignacio Zabala
122:
114:
100:
90:
79:
54:
28:
23:
505:. Olaskoaga was not known to have ETA connections.
459:when the bomb he is planting explodes prematurely.
174:group. They were active from 1983 to 1987 under
2280:Falange Española Tradicionalista y de las JONS
1209:(in Spanish). September 26, 1985. p. 15.
675:(delegate of the Spanish government) in Biscay
659:, chief of Bilbao's Police Information Brigade
462:March 23: Assassination of alleged ETA leader
1676:Assassination of Juan María de Araluce Villar
1303:
522:December 11: Attack injuring José Iradier in
8:
2254:Party of the Revolutionary Patriotic Workers
1181:Dos dirigentes de ETA, asesinados en Hendaya
405:. The four officers were arrested by French
1689:Assassination of Augusto Unceta Barrenechea
792:Julián Casanova; Carlos Gil Andrés (2014).
681:, chief of the Civil Guard headquarters in
2469:Paramilitary organizations based in France
2459:Terrorist incidents in France in the 1980s
2106:
1850:
1837:
1824:
1379:
1370:
1354:
1310:
1296:
1288:
563:June 14: Attack on the Trinkete tavern in
388:Joxe Lasa Arostegi and José Ignacio Zabala
289:, PSOE officials attempted to assassinate
155:illegally established by officials of the
151:, "Antiterrorist Liberation Groups") were
24:GAL (Grupos Antiterroristas de Liberación)
20:
2464:Paramilitary organisations based in Spain
2454:Terrorist incidents in Spain in the 1980s
1146:
1144:
1142:
1140:
1138:
1136:
1134:
1132:
1130:
1128:
1126:
1124:
1122:
1120:
1118:
1116:
647:, secretary general of PSE-PSOE in Biscay
1114:
1112:
1110:
1108:
1106:
1104:
1102:
1100:
1098:
1096:
1065:
1063:
2171:Communist Party of the Basque Homelands
781:
390:. Their mutilated bodies were found in
2195:People's Socialist Revolutionary Party
1213:from the original on September 3, 2014
1162:from the original on November 28, 2018
1081:from the original on November 28, 2013
254:, were convicted of the kidnapping of
1010:from the original on October 25, 2021
950:from the original on January 21, 2022
894:from the original on January 29, 2022
7:
2449:Grupos Antiterroristas de Liberación
1994:Assassination of Miguel Ángel Blanco
1883:
1650:Assassination of Luis Carrero Blanco
1586:Grupos Antiterroristas de Liberación
1530:Autonomous Anti-Capitalist Commandos
1190:, La Vanguardia, 9 February 1984, p4
787:
785:
397:October 18: Attempted kidnapping in
149:Grupos Antiterroristas de Liberación
1486:Basque National Liberation Movement
1048:from the original on April 27, 2019
888:EITB Radio Televisión Pública Vasca
812:from the original on April 15, 2023
1858:Plaza República Dominicana bombing
980:from the original on June 15, 2020
842:from the original on June 14, 2021
795:Twentieth-Century Spain: A History
14:
2215:Euskal Herriko Alderdi Sozialista
1832:Assassination of Santiago Brouard
915:"'Yo asesiné a Santiago Brouard'"
866:Amnesty International Report 2001
2489:Spanish Socialist Workers' Party
2479:Extrajudicial killings in Europe
2400:
2399:
2286:Spanish Socialist Workers' Party
1593:Alianza Apostólica Anticomunista
1479:
1443:
1399:
1392:
1385:
1241:, ABC (Madrid), 5 June 1999, p31
360:, when the PSOE was defeated by
281:After the assassination of PSOE
176:Spanish Socialist Workers' Party
2474:France–Spain military relations
1036:(in Spanish). August 14, 1998.
516:, in his physician's office in
2393:Politics of the Basque Country
2296:Union of the Democratic Centre
2033:Madrid–Barajas Airport bombing
1272:Garzón -- La Hora de la Verdad
890:(in Spanish). April 15, 2013.
508:November 20: Assassination of
199:GAL operated primarily in the
1:
2323:Union, Progress and Democracy
976:(in Spanish). June 14, 2020.
225:left–right political spectrum
2434:Terrorism committed by Spain
2313:Democratic and Social Centre
2229:Euskal Iraultzarako Alderdia
742:on behalf of the GAL in 1979
641:, director of state security
535:February 1: Attack injuring
2514:Political scandals in Spain
414:Kidnapping of Segundo Marey
2530:
2241:Herriko Alderdi Sozialista
2111:Basque nationalist parties
1819:Killing of Lasa and Zabala
1600:Guerrilleros de Cristo Rey
1569:Neo-fascist paramilitaries
765:Organisation armée secrète
748:, killed by Maïone-Libaude
740:Jean-Pierre Maïone-Libaude
695:Guerrilleros de Cristo Rey
109:Killing of Lasa and Zabala
60:October 15, 1983
2367:
2318:People's Democratic Party
2145:Basque Nationalist Action
1890:Zaragoza barracks bombing
1728:July 1979 Madrid bombings
1663:Cafetería Rolando bombing
1352:
1339:21 October 2011
1325:
679:Enrique Rodríguez Galindo
645:Ricardo García Damborenea
370:Ricardo García Damborenea
317:Investigative journalists
274:were found guilty of the
272:Enrique Rodríguez Galindo
48:Ricardo García Damborenea
37:Enrique Rodríguez Galindo
2333:People's Socialist Party
2328:Navarrese People's Union
2301:Communist Party of Spain
2271:Spanish unionist parties
2133:Basque Nationalist Party
1614:Acción Nacional Española
1607:Grupos Armados Españoles
712:Grupos Armados Españoles
183:Ministry of the Interior
178:(PSOE)-led governments.
2504:Assassination campaigns
2484:Cross-border operations
2091:ETA ends armed activity
1903:ETA Netherlands attacks
1715:Assassination of Argala
738:to have been killed by
581:Saint-Jean-Pied-de-Port
2378:History of the Basques
2260:Demokrazia Hiru Milioi
2235:Basque Socialist Party
1579:Batallón Vasco Español
1509:ETA Politiko-Militarra
1328:31 July 1959
769:Batallón Vasco Español
706:Batallón Vasco Español
309:
185:. The daily newspaper
137:
68: – 1987
1496:Euskadi Ta Askatasuna
1422:National Police Corps
1375:State security forces
1152:"Los años del talión"
944:especiales.publico.es
427:by a mercenary sniper
347:José Manuel Villarejo
343:National Police Corps
307:
285:Enrique Casas by the
212:("the dirty war") in
135:
126:Several dozen members
2350:Carlist Party (1970)
2208:Herritarren Zerrenda
2183:Navarrese Left Union
1968:1993 Madrid bombings
1459:National Gendarmerie
1158:. January 29, 1995.
872:on November 6, 2006.
752:Stefano Delle Chiaie
653:, antiterrorist czar
464:Javier Pérez Arenaza
351:Congress of Deputies
2439:Terrorism in France
2355:Spanish Alternative
2020:2001 Madrid bombing
2007:2000 Madrid bombing
1955:1992 Madrid bombing
1845:Monbar Hotel attack
763:, former member of
700:Anti-Terrorismo ETA
669:Julián Sancristóbal
591:Monbar Hotel attack
319:from the newspaper
299:Julian Sancristobal
250:and his associate,
105:Monbar Hotel attack
91:Active regions
50:Julián Sancristóbal
2444:Terrorism in Spain
2373:Basque nationalism
2189:Euskal Herritarrok
2085:2010 ETA ceasefire
2072:Palma Nova bombing
2046:2008 Getxo bombing
1884:Dissolution of GAL
1741:Alonsotegi bombing
1621:Antiterrorismo ETA
1557:Euskal Zuzentasuna
1237:2013-12-16 at the
1186:2015-06-23 at the
1077:. March 24, 1995.
761:Jean Pierre Cherid
475:Jesús Zugarramurdi
310:
206:political violence
157:Spanish government
138:
56:Dates of operation
2499:Military scandals
2411:
2410:
2388:History of France
2363:
2362:
2222:Eusko Sozialistak
2165:Euskadiko Ezkerra
2139:Eusko Alkartasuna
2102:Political parties
1702:1978 Getxo attack
1630:
1629:
1472:
1471:
1359:
1358:
1283:978-84-938316-9-1
1276:Loretta Napoleoni
805:978-1-107-01696-5
736:Lucien Aimé-Blanc
657:Miguel Planchuelo
651:Francisco Álvarez
627:Convicted members
559:Saint-Jean-de-Luz
473:. His companion,
425:Saint-Jean-de-Luz
278:in October 1983.
239:civil servants.
169:Basque separatist
163:to fight against
130:
129:
2521:
2509:1996 in politics
2494:Combat incidents
2403:
2402:
2383:History of Spain
2107:
2081:
2068:
2055:
2042:
2029:
2016:
2003:
1990:
1981:Vallecas bombing
1977:
1964:
1951:
1942:Mutxamel bombing
1938:
1925:
1916:Sabadell bombing
1912:
1899:
1880:
1871:Hipercor bombing
1867:
1854:
1841:
1828:
1815:
1802:
1789:
1776:
1767:1980 Orio ambush
1763:
1750:
1737:
1724:
1711:
1698:
1685:
1672:
1659:
1484:
1483:
1482:
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996:
990:
989:
987:
985:
966:
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955:
936:
930:
929:
927:
925:
910:
904:
903:
901:
899:
880:
874:
873:
868:. Archived from
858:
852:
851:
849:
847:
828:
822:
821:
819:
817:
789:
673:gobernador civil
663:José Amedo Fouce
633:José Barrionuevo
541:Xabier Manterola
510:Santiago Brouard
362:José María Aznar
335:José Barrionuevo
329:and PSOE leader
264:Julen Elgorriaga
248:José Barrionuevo
244:police officials
167:, the principal
75:
73:
67:
65:
57:
45:José Amedo Fouce
33:José Barrionuevo
21:
2529:
2528:
2524:
2523:
2522:
2520:
2519:
2518:
2429:Basque conflict
2414:
2413:
2412:
2407:
2398:
2397:
2359:
2307:Alianza Popular
2272:
2265:
2112:
2103:
2096:
2075:
2062:
2049:
2036:
2023:
2010:
1997:
1984:
1971:
1958:
1945:
1932:
1919:
1906:
1893:
1874:
1861:
1848:
1835:
1822:
1809:
1806:Rentería ambush
1796:
1783:
1770:
1757:
1754:Ispaster attack
1744:
1731:
1718:
1705:
1692:
1679:
1666:
1653:
1637:
1626:
1571:
1562:
1488:
1480:
1478:
1468:
1464:National Police
1452:
1444:
1442:
1436:
1408:
1400:
1398:
1393:
1391:
1386:
1384:
1376:
1367:
1360:
1348:
1342:
1340:
1331:
1329:
1321:
1319:Basque Conflict
1316:
1259:Paddy Woodworth
1251:
1246:
1245:
1239:Wayback Machine
1230:
1226:
1216:
1214:
1199:
1198:
1194:
1188:Wayback Machine
1179:
1175:
1165:
1163:
1150:
1149:
1094:
1084:
1082:
1069:
1068:
1061:
1051:
1049:
1028:
1027:
1023:
1013:
1011:
998:
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993:
983:
981:
968:
967:
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953:
951:
938:
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933:
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921:
912:
911:
907:
897:
895:
882:
881:
877:
860:
859:
855:
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843:
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829:
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815:
813:
806:
791:
790:
783:
778:
728:
691:
629:
378:
349:, who told the
331:Felipe González
231:(including the
214:Spanish history
210:la guerra sucia
197:
161:Basque conflict
107:
101:Notable attacks
95:
83:Elimination of
71:
69:
63:
61:
55:
49:
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2345:National Front
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2298:
2293:
2291:People's Party
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2127:Herri Batasuna
2123:
2115:
2113:
2110:
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2101:
2098:
2097:
2095:
2094:
2088:
2082:
2069:
2059:Burgos bombing
2056:
2043:
2030:
2017:
2004:
1991:
1978:
1965:
1952:
1939:
1926:
1913:
1900:
1887:
1881:
1868:
1855:
1842:
1829:
1816:
1803:
1793:Zarautz attack
1790:
1780:Markina attack
1777:
1764:
1751:
1738:
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1192:
1173:
1154:(in Spanish).
1092:
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1021:
1004:www.publico.es
991:
961:
931:
919:www.elmundo.es
905:
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836:www.publico.es
823:
804:
780:
779:
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758:
749:
746:Pierre Goldman
743:
734:, reported by
727:
724:
716:
715:
709:
703:
697:
690:
689:Similar groups
687:
686:
685:
676:
666:
665:, police chief
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589:September 25:
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366:People's Party
327:Prime Minister
325:reported that
291:Herri Batasuna
201:Basque country
196:
193:
128:
127:
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30:
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15:
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2057:
2053:
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2040:
2034:
2031:
2027:
2021:
2018:
2014:
2008:
2005:
2001:
1995:
1992:
1988:
1982:
1979:
1975:
1969:
1966:
1962:
1956:
1953:
1949:
1943:
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1936:
1930:
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1644:Burgos trials
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1506:
1504:
1503:
1502:ETA Militarra
1498:
1497:
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1462:
1460:
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1456:
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1267:0-300-09750-6
1264:
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1248:
1240:
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1233:
1228:
1225:
1212:
1208:
1207:
1206:La Vanguardia
1202:
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1189:
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1125:
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979:
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871:
867:
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841:
837:
833:
827:
824:
811:
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788:
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775:
770:
766:
762:
759:
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747:
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741:
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733:
730:
729:
725:
723:
721:
713:
710:
707:
704:
701:
698:
696:
693:
692:
688:
684:
680:
677:
674:
670:
667:
664:
661:
658:
655:
652:
649:
646:
643:
640:
637:
634:
631:
630:
626:
619:
618:
615:
614:
608:
605:
604:
601:
600:
595:
592:
588:
585:
582:
578:
575:
572:
569:
566:
562:
560:
556:
553:
550:
547:
544:
542:
538:
537:Herri Taldeak
534:
533:
530:
529:
525:
521:
519:
515:
511:
507:
504:
500:
497:
494:
491:
487:
483:
479:
476:
472:
468:
465:
461:
458:
454:
452:
448:
446:
442:
440:
436:
435:
432:
431:
426:
422:
419:
415:
411:
408:
404:
400:
396:
393:
389:
385:
384:
381:
380:
379:
375:
373:
371:
367:
363:
359:
358:1996 election
354:
352:
348:
344:
340:
336:
332:
328:
324:
323:
318:
314:
306:
302:
300:
296:
292:
288:
284:
279:
277:
273:
269:
265:
261:
257:
256:Segundo Marey
253:
249:
245:
240:
238:
234:
230:
226:
222:
217:
215:
211:
207:
202:
194:
192:
190:
189:
184:
179:
177:
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170:
166:
162:
158:
154:
150:
146:
142:
134:
125:
121:
117:
113:
110:
106:
103:
99:
93:
89:
86:
82:
78:
59:
53:
46:
42:
38:
34:
31:
27:
22:
19:
2339:Fuerza Nueva
2337:
2305:
2278:
2258:
2246:
2239:
2227:
2220:
2213:
2206:
2199:
2187:
2175:
2163:
2156:
2149:
2137:
2125:
2118:
1905:(1989–1990)
1619:
1612:
1605:
1598:
1591:
1585:
1584:
1577:
1555:
1548:
1543:Kale borroka
1541:
1534:
1522:
1517:Iparretarrak
1515:
1507:
1500:
1494:
1427:Spanish Army
1414:
1366:Participants
1271:
1254:
1227:
1215:. Retrieved
1204:
1195:
1176:
1164:. Retrieved
1083:. Retrieved
1050:. Retrieved
1033:
1024:
1012:. Retrieved
1003:
994:
982:. Retrieved
973:
964:
952:. Retrieved
943:
934:
922:. Retrieved
918:
913:elmundo.es.
908:
896:. Retrieved
887:
878:
870:the original
865:
856:
844:. Retrieved
835:
826:
816:February 22,
814:. Retrieved
794:
732:Henri Curiel
717:
683:Intxaurrondo
672:
512:, leader of
412:December 4:
355:
320:
315:
311:
280:
241:
218:
209:
198:
186:
180:
153:death squads
148:
140:
139:
18:
1929:Vic bombing
1432:Civil Guard
1014:October 24,
954:October 24,
924:October 24,
898:October 24,
846:October 24,
771:and the GAL
718:Members of
639:Rafael Vera
466:in Biarritz
268:Civil Guard
252:Rafael Vera
221:nationalist
159:during the
41:Rafael Vera
2418:Categories
2177:Askatasuna
1636:Chronology
1416:Ertzaintza
1343:2011-10-21
1332:1959-07-31
776:References
756:neofascist
754:, Italian
195:Background
64:1983-10-15
1217:April 23,
1166:April 23,
1085:April 23,
1052:April 27,
1042:1134-6582
940:"Público"
407:gendarmes
403:policemen
262:governor
237:Francoist
229:far right
2405:Category
2151:Batzarre
2120:Batasuna
1536:Irrintzi
1524:Iraultza
1235:Archived
1211:Archived
1184:Archived
1160:Archived
1079:Archived
1046:Archived
1008:Archived
984:June 15,
978:Archived
948:Archived
892:Archived
840:Archived
810:Archived
726:See also
720:Batasuna
503:Biriatou
471:Baigorri
457:Biarritz
417:mistake.
392:Alicante
376:Timeline
345:officer
322:El Mundo
270:general
260:Gipuzkoa
188:El Mundo
172:militant
118:Inactive
2248:Auzolan
2074:(2009)
2061:(2009)
2048:(2008)
2035:(2006)
2022:(2001)
2009:(2000)
1996:(1997)
1983:(1995)
1970:(1993)
1957:(1992)
1944:(1991)
1931:(1991)
1918:(1990)
1892:(1987)
1873:(1987)
1860:(1986)
1847:(1985)
1834:(1984)
1821:(1983)
1808:(1982)
1795:(1980)
1782:(1980)
1769:(1980)
1756:(1980)
1743:(1980)
1730:(1979)
1717:(1978)
1704:(1978)
1691:(1977)
1678:(1976)
1665:(1974)
1652:(1973)
1550:Hordago
1341: (
1330: (
1156:El Pais
1075:El Pais
1034:El País
862:"Spain"
610:attack.
565:Ciboure
539:leader
524:Hendaye
482:Algorta
451:Hendaye
439:Hendaye
399:Bayonne
295:pesetas
283:Senator
145:Spanish
80:Motives
70: (
62: (
2158:Aralar
2093:(2011)
2087:(2010)
1886:(1987)
1646:(1970)
1450:France
1281:
1265:
1040:
802:
518:Bilbao
490:Biscay
115:Status
94:France
29:Leader
2201:Zutik
1406:Spain
1249:Books
714:(GAE)
708:(BVE)
702:(ATE)
486:Getxo
445:Mendi
96:Spain
1279:ISBN
1263:ISBN
1219:2013
1168:2013
1087:2013
1054:2019
1038:ISSN
1016:2021
986:2020
974:EiTB
956:2021
926:2021
900:2021
848:2021
818:2023
800:ISBN
616:1987
602:1986
531:1985
514:HASI
433:1984
382:1983
266:and
123:Size
72:1987
2078:ETA
2065:ETA
2052:ETA
2039:ETA
2026:ETA
2013:ETA
2000:ETA
1987:ETA
1974:ETA
1961:ETA
1948:ETA
1935:ETA
1922:ETA
1909:ETA
1896:ETA
1877:ETA
1864:ETA
1851:GAL
1838:GAL
1825:GAL
1812:ETA
1799:ETA
1786:ETA
1773:ETA
1760:ETA
1747:GAE
1734:ETA
1721:BVE
1708:ETA
1695:ETA
1682:ETA
1669:ETA
1656:ETA
1274:by
1257:by
364:'s
339:CIA
287:CAA
233:OAS
165:ETA
141:GAL
85:ETA
2420::
1337:–
1261:-
1203:.
1095:^
1073:.
1062:^
1044:.
1032:.
1006:.
1002:.
972:.
946:.
942:.
917:.
886:.
864:.
838:.
834:.
808:.
784:^
767:,
671:,
488:,
258:.
216:.
147::
2080:)
2076:(
2067:)
2063:(
2054:)
2050:(
2041:)
2037:(
2028:)
2024:(
2015:)
2011:(
2002:)
1998:(
1989:)
1985:(
1976:)
1972:(
1963:)
1959:(
1950:)
1946:(
1937:)
1933:(
1924:)
1920:(
1911:)
1907:(
1898:)
1894:(
1879:)
1875:(
1866:)
1862:(
1853:)
1849:(
1840:)
1836:(
1827:)
1823:(
1814:)
1810:(
1801:)
1797:(
1788:)
1784:(
1775:)
1771:(
1762:)
1758:(
1749:)
1745:(
1736:)
1732:(
1723:)
1719:(
1710:)
1706:(
1697:)
1693:(
1684:)
1680:(
1671:)
1667:(
1658:)
1654:(
1512:)
1499:(
1345:)
1334:)
1311:e
1304:t
1297:v
1221:.
1170:.
1089:.
1056:.
1018:.
988:.
958:.
928:.
902:.
850:.
820:.
583:.
492:)
484:(
409:.
143:(
74:)
66:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
