471:
433:
then, only 700 were built before
October 1948. During that period the Soviet Union was unable to produce steel sheets large enough for body panels, so strips had to be welded together, which led to countless leaks and 20 kg (44 lb) of solder in the body, as well as an increase in weight of 200 kg (440 lb). Steel quality was below average, up to 60% was rejected, and the overall quality of the first cars was so low that production was actually stopped by order of the government and the company's director was fired. On August 31, 1948, the government issued a decree requiring the immediate improvement of quality and thorough testing of the new automobiles. The cars and their integral parts were subjected to detailed laboratory and on-road testing, opinions of the cars' drivers were carefully studied and taken into account.
458:
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the rear seat and trunk wall to be moved forward, increasing trunk space. The model did not enter production as redesigning the production car would take too long and also the shape of the car was less recognizable compared to the production version. GAZ did not produce a sedan until the Volga in 1956.
508:
A 4-door sedan prototype, the Pobeda-NAMI, was designed by NAMI in 1948 as a replacement for the M-20. While much of the car was identical to the production version, the difference was in the interior. The front bench seat was replaced with bucket seats and the smaller size of the front seats allowed
441:
fuel typical in the Soviet Union. (Among the changes was a 5 cm (2.0 in) lower rear seat, enabling military and police officers to ride without removing their caps). The improvements enabled the new Pobeda to reach 50 km/h (31 mph) in 12 seconds, half the previous model's time. In
331:
The first sketches of similar-looking cars were completed by
Valentin Brodsky in 1938 and by Vladimir Aryamov in 1940, which revealed a growing tendency towards streamlined car design in the Soviet Union. Aryamov's two-door coupe GAZ-11-80, designed in 1940, greatly resembled the later Pobeda and was
336:
of 1941 military priorities delayed the work on the new car and the factory was switched to military production. The first Pobeda was developed in the Soviet Union under chief engineer Andrei A. Liphart. Originally intended to be called "Rodina" (Homeland), the name "Pobeda" (Victory) was a back-up,
602:
from
Pobedas that had exhausted their resource. Unlike the factory produced M415 predecessor, these pick-up trucks varied in design from each other as they were built by separate organizations all around the Soviet Union. It is known that many pickups were painted brown and chocolate. According to
432:
Production started in 1946, only a year after the end of the world war, and was difficult due to serious economic and technical hardships caused by the war; by the end of 1946, only twenty-three cars were completed, virtually by hand. Truly mass production had to wait until 28 April 1947, and even
436:
After a reorganisation, solving the initial build quality issues, making 346 improvements and adding two thousand new tools, the Pobeda was returned to production. It had a new carburetor, different final drive ratio (5.125:1 rather than 4.7:1), strengthened rear springs, improved heater, and the
384:
styling with slab sides, preceding many
Western manufacturers. The M20 was the first Soviet car using entirely domestic body dies; it was designed against wooden bucks, which suffered warping, requiring last-minute tuning by GAZ factory employees. The first prototype was ready on November 6, 1944
621:
price tag, with average wage 800 ruble, the Pobeda was available to buy for ordinary citizens, and by 1954–1955 the demand for cars in the USSR started to exceed production, and there appeared long queues to buy a car. The Pobeda provided the first serious opportunity for the Soviet automobile
449:
The improved Pobeda entered production on 1 November 1949, and the techniques needed to develop and manufacture it effectively created the Soviet automobile industry. In 1952, improved airflow in the engine increased power from 50 PS (37 kW) to 52 PS (38 kW); it climbed to
577:, with a brand-new rear axle (used on no other vehicle, a rarity for Soviet car production). The body had fourteen panels added to strengthen the floor, frame, doors, and roof. Trim and interior were otherwise the same as the M20, and in all, 4,677 were built by end of production in 1958.
591:), was also produced, giving the Pobeda a top speed reportedly 87 mph (140 km/h), and 0–60 mph (0–97 km/h) time was down to 16 seconds from the stock model's 34; handling was compromised by the extra front-end weight. Also known as GAZ-26.
551:' type), but sales were poor and the GAZ never returned to the idea of mass-producing a convertible. The only reason to create a cabriolet, less practical in Soviet climate, were low production capabilities of sheet metal, due to war damage.
442:
January 1949, the state commission issued a report after testing the new model and its parts, where it noted the significant improvement of build quality, ruggedness and durability of the car, good
613:
Total production of the Pobeda was 235,999, including 37,492 taxis and 14,222 cabriolets. A great number of cars was used by government organizations and government-owned corporations, including
497:
1948-1954 – improved and massively produced cars with modernised leaf springs, thermostats and manual gears; heaters, water pumps and mechanical clock were added to the cars of this generation.
470:
349:
began to seem likely, and the car was to be a model for post-war times. The plant was later heavily bombarded, but work was unaffected. Styling was done by "the imaginative and talented
281:
540:(without a separate designation, surviving until 1953), and a taxi M-20A, with cheaper interior (first regular taxi model in Moscow); some of the cabriolets were also used as taxis.
607:
based on the GAZ-M20V, manufactured by the auto repair plant of
Glavmosavtotrans from the Pobeda. There were also refrigerated vans of Glavmosavtotrans, created jointly with VNIHI.
732:
720:
657:, although this appears to have been a hoax. One example was shown in China as the Yuejin CN-750 but this never entered production and was most likely a Russian-made car.
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The GAZ-M20 Pobeda was one of the first Soviet cars of original design and moreover at the front line of a new vogue in automobile design; only the front
401:. The first production model rolled off the assembly line on June 21, 1946. It was also the first Soviet automobile to have turn signals, two electric
319:. Although usually known as the GAZ-M20, an original car's designation at that time was just M-20: M for "Molotovets" (the GAZ factory was named after
708:
744:
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some reports, the main reason for this was the desire to hide rust, which almost always appeared on worn bodies. At the same time, there were
1321:
389:). A number of parts such as the gearbox and the transmission for the Pobeda (especially the early models) were carried over from the
1336:
450:
55 PS (40 kW), along with the new grille, upholstery, steering wheel, radio, and radiator badge, as the M20V (Russian:
341:. "How much does the homeland cost?" - he asked. The name was also chosen because the works started in 1943 at Gorky Avto Zavod (
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405:(rather than mechanical- or vacuum-operated ones), four-wheel hydraulic brakes, an electric heater, and a factory-installed
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39:
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During the design process, GAZ had to choose between a 62 PS (46 kW) 2,700 cc (165 cu in)
570:
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587:(number unknown, but very small), powered by a 3,485 cc (212.7 cu in) straight six (from the
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factory as part of the war reparations package for the Soviet side, which also led to the creation of the
373:
119:
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573:. It used a standard Pobeda transmission, mated to the GAZ-69 front axle, leaf spring suspension, and
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vehicle appeared, the GAZ-M72, with a four-wheel drive system adapted from the contemporary Soviet
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673:. It produced 50 PS (37 kW) and achieved a top speed of 105 km/h (65 mph).
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1229:
409:. The car came to be a symbol of postwar Soviet life and is today a popular collector's item.
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372:(the choice of car may have been influenced by the acquisition of the tooling from Opel's
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beginning in 1951, continuing until 1973. A few were reported to have been assembled in
637:
The car was a successful export for the USSR, and the design was licensed to the Polish
425:; Stalin preferred the four, so it was used. The same M-20 engine was later used on the
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industry to export cars, and "Western drivers found it to be almost indestructible".
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light assault gun. In addition, the headlights were covered by an
American patent.
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appeared in 1950, replacing the floor-shifted "crash box". In 1949 debuted a
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Separately, many taxi fleets, depots and repair plants made a variety of
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906:"Отчет по государственным испытаниям легкового автомобиля М–20 "Победа""
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parks (there were no private taxis in the USSR). Despite its 16,000
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Weighing 1,460 kg (3,219 lb), the Pobeda has a 2.1-litre
618:
481:
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and a 50 PS (37 kW) 2,112 cc (129 cu in)
500:
1955-1958 – GAZ-20V equipped with a new 52-PS engine and a radio.
1168:
Girshovich, Igor (2003). "Pochemu ya yezzhu po doverennosti".
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55:
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Dmitri Dashko. Sovetskiye
Legkoviye 1918-1942. 2012. P. 63-64
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908:[Report on the state testing of the GAZ-M20].
474:The GAZ M-72 was the world's first series-produced
446:and on-road performance, especially on poor roads.
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308:from 1946 until 1958. It was also licensed to the
332:in many ways identical to it. However, after the
1181:. Somerset, UK: Haynes Publishing. p. 52.
1105:"GAZ M20 Pobeda made in China and North Korea"
1098:
1096:
669:straight-four engine, derived from Chrysler's
554:In 1955, the first comfortable mass-produced
380:). It was one of the first cars to introduce
8:
1145:Dolmatovskiy, Yu.; Trepenyenkov, I. (1957).
1103:Van Ingen Schenau, Erik (28 December 2020).
1007:
1005:
569:, assistant to the GAZ-69's chief engineer,
1159:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
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912:(in Russian). January 1949. Archived from
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641:(Passenger Automobile Factory) factory in
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29:
854:, "Avtolegendy SSSR" Nr. 23, 2009, pp.2-3
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543:In 1949–53, 14,222 M-20s were built with
523:, was based on the Pobeda, but not built.
1149:(in Russian). Moscow, USSR. p. 122.
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1016:, "Avtolegendy SSSR" Nr. 23, 2009, p.15
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239:1,690 kg (3,730 lb) (GAZ-M72)
1152:
345:, "Gorky Car Plant"), when victory in
1228:(in Russian) (23). DeAgostini. 2009.
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300:) is a passenger car produced in the
161:GAZ-M72 (4WD, model with Pobeda body)
7:
835:Dolmatovskiy & Trepenyenkov 1957
519:(forward control, COE) vehicle, the
1059:"ГАЗ-М20 "Победа" пикапы и фургоны"
437:ability to run on the low-grade 66
25:
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625:The Pobeda was replaced by the
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1:
461:The layout of the car GAZ-M20
237:1,460 kg (3,220 lb)
211:4,665 mm (183.7 in)
203:2,700 mm (106.3 in)
671:flathead six-cylinder design
645:, where it was built as the
571:Grigory Moiseevich Wasserman
494:1946-1948 – early GAZ-M-20s.
364:were influenced by the 1938
313:Passenger Automobile Factory
227:1,590 mm (62.6 in)
219:1,695 mm (66.7 in)
1242:"The car GAZ M-20 "Pobeda""
1172:(in Russian) (22/2003): 44.
565:. It was the brainchild of
385:(for an anniversary of the
1353:
1287:Estonian Pobeda Club Forum
1126:Bogomolov, Andrei (1999).
315:and produced there as the
1322:Rear-wheel-drive vehicles
289:
37:
1272:Main Russian Pobeda site
1179:Cars of the Soviet Union
478:four-wheel drive (1955).
1337:Cars introduced in 1946
1177:Thompson, Andy (2008).
545:4-door convertible body
1292:Pobeda the SUV-version
487:
479:
462:
413:Design and development
1283:by Jelle Jan Gerrits.
1274:by Artem Alekseyenko
1147:Traktory i avtomobili
690:Clay model, 1943-1944
485:
473:
460:
337:but was preferred by
1268:at Wikimedia Commons
1224:"GAZ-M20 "Pobeda"".
1170:Igrushki Dla Bolshyh
714:GAZ-M20V (1955-1958)
726:GAZ-M72 (1955-1958)
702:GAZ M20 (1948-1955)
370:Chevrolet Fleetline
1317:GAZ Group vehicles
1307:Soviet automobiles
1246:Рassenger cars GAZ
1132:autogallery.org.ru
910:Рassenger cars GAZ
580:A limited edition
488:
480:
463:
387:October Revolution
321:Vyacheslav Molotov
1264:Media related to
738:GAZ-M20A taxi cab
661:Technical details
403:windshield wipers
378:Moskvitch 400/420
360:and, partly, the
351:Veniamin Samoilov
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16:(Redirected from
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233:Curb weight
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33:GAZ-M20 'Pobeda'
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1266:GAZ-M20 Pobeda
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1254:External links
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936:Thompson 2008
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582:M20G for the
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27:Motor vehicle
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1276:(in Russian)
1245:
1225:
1214:. Retrieved
1212:(in Russian)
1210:gaz20.spb.ru
1209:
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391:Ford Model B
366:Opel Kapitän
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347:World War II
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317:FSO Warszawa
302:Soviet Union
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157:FSO Warszawa
78:Soviet Union
52:Manufacturer
655:North Korea
589:GAZ M12 ZIM
532:synchromesh
423:inline four
374:Rüsselsheim
249:Predecessor
179:2.1 L
1332:1950s cars
1301:Categories
1216:2015-03-25
1206:"GAZ-M-72"
1197:2009-01-12
1137:2008-02-11
1063:Denisovets
756:References
514:prototype
419:inline six
358:suspension
244:Chronology
193:Dimensions
169:Powertrain
62:Production
18:GAZ Pobeda
1234:2071-095X
1187:"GAZ_M20"
1155:cite book
1128:"GAZ-M20"
667:sidevalve
651:Pyongyang
556:monocoque
538:cabriolet
476:monocoque
454:), 1955.
399:GAZ 11-73
282:‹See Tfd›
259:Successor
253:GAZ 11-73
199:Wheelbase
142:(GAZ-M72)
140:F4 layout
135:FR layout
120:cabriolet
65:1946–1958
1027:GAZ M-72
605:box vans
466:Versions
407:AM radio
116:fastback
70:Assembly
47:Overview
1043:GAZ–M20
677:Gallery
615:taxicab
596:pickups
534:gearbox
521:GAZ-013
393:-based
327:History
298:victory
286:Russian
273:GAZ-M20
150:Related
111:4-door
1327:Sedans
1281:Pobeda
1232:
643:Warsaw
633:Export
563:GAZ-69
439:octane
427:ASU-57
395:GAZ-M1
382:ponton
310:Polish
296:means
294:победа
277:Pobeda
264:GAZ-21
262:Volga
224:Height
208:Length
175:Engine
127:Layout
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1029:" at
619:ruble
547:(of '
452:М-20В
216:Width
113:sedan
90:Class
74:Gorky
1230:ISSN
1161:link
600:vans
598:and
271:The
181:M-20
639:FSO
584:KGB
353:".
343:GAZ
323:).
306:GAZ
304:by
279:" (
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