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683:
89:
25:
1318:
Dahn, C. C.; Harris, Hugh C.; Vrba, Frederick J.; Guetter, Harry H.; Canzian, Blaise; Henden, Arne A.; Levine, Stephen E.; Luginbuhl, Christian B.; Monet, Alice K. B.; Monet, David G.; Pier, Jeffrey R.; Stone, Ronald C.; Walker, Richard L.; Burgasser, Adam J.; Gizis, John E.; Kirkpatrick, J. Davy;
1546:
Delfosse, Xavier; Tinney, Chris G.; Forveille, Thierry; Epchtein, Nicolas; Bertin, Emmanuel; Borsenberger, Jean; Copet, Éric; de Batz, Bertrand; Fouqué, Pascal; Kimeswenger, Stefan; Le Bertre, Thibaut; Lacombe, François; Rouan, Daniel; Tiphène, Didier (1997). "Field brown dwarfs found by DENIS".
1441:; Reid, I. Neill; Burrows, Adam; Liebert, James; Matthews, Keith; Gizis, John E.; Dahn, Conard C.; Monet, David G.; Cutri, Roc M.; Skrutskie, Michael F. (2002). "The Spectra of T Dwarfs. I. Near-Infrared Data and Spectral Classification".
1189:; Cruz, Kelle L.; Van Gordon, Mollie M.; Looper, Dagny L. (September 2015). "Fundamental Parameters and Spectral Energy Distributions of Young and Field Age Objects with Masses Spanning the Stellar to Planetary Regime".
860:
Kirkpatrick, J. Davy; Reid, I. Neill; Liebert, James; Cutri, Roc M.; Nelson, Brant; Beichman, Charles A.; Dahn, Conard C.; Monet, David G.; Gizis, John E.; Skrutskie, Michael F. (1999).
1496:
Nakajima, T.; Oppenheimer, B. R.; Kulkarni, S. R.; Golimowski, D. A.; Matthews, K.; Durrance, S. T.; Neto, D. N.; Teixeira, R. (1995). "Discovery of a cool brown dwarf".
3025:
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The white dwarf GD 165 A is seen in the center of the image as a bright star. The brown dwarf GD 165 B is below the white dwarf, seen as a red spot.
600:
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and was initially assigned the spectral type ≥M10. It would not be recognized as a brown dwarf until 1999, when new spectral types
67:
1374:
French, Jenni R.; Casewell, Sarah L.; Dupuy, Trent J.; Debes, John H.; Manjavacas, Elena; Martin, Emily C.; Xu, Siyi (2023-03-01).
105:
524:
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3005:
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862:"Dwarfs Cooler than "M": The Definition of Spectral Type "L" Using Discoveries from the 2 Micron All-Sky Survey (2MASS)"
40:
1376:"Discovery of a resolved white dwarf-brown dwarf binary with a small projected separation: SDSS J222551.65+001637.7AB"
1666:
1549:
679:, which has a separation of around 69 AU. It produces almost no light and is completely invisible to the naked eye.
2319:
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Gaia
Collaboration (2018-08-01). "Gaia Data Release 2 - Summary of the contents and survey properties".
482:
375:
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1507:
1462:
1397:
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1319:
Liebert, James; Reid, I. Neill (2002). "Astrometry and
Photometry for Cool Dwarfs and Brown Dwarfs".
1284:
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1056:"A New Analysis of the Two Classical ZZ Ceti White Dwarfs GD 165 and Ross 548. II. Seismic Modeling"
35:
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Becklin, E. E.; Zuckerman, B. (1988). "A low-temperature companion to a white dwarf star".
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from its host white dwarf. It is the second closest spacially resolved brown dwarf after
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Pauli, E.-M.; Napiwotzki, R.; Heber, U.; Altmann, M.; Odenkirchen, M. (February 2006).
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584:, roughly 109 light-years from Earth. Neither of the stars have any known exoplanets.
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for objects cooler than M-type stars were established, reclassifying GD 165 B as L4.
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1125:"An Improved Optical Spectrum and New Model FITS of the Likely Brown Dwarf GD 165B"
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1119:; Allard, France; Bida, Tom; Zuckerman, Ben; Becklin, E. E.; Chabrier, Gilles;
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1054:
Giammichele, N.; Fontaine, G.; Brassard, P.; Charpinet, S. (March 2016).
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603:. GD 165 B was the first brown dwarf discovered to be cooler than
520:
1676:
599:
GD 165 B was discovered in 1988 by
Becklin and Zuckerman at the
596:, an American Astronomer who lived throughout the 20th century.
497:
236:
224:
1618:
1578:"Kelu-1: A Free-floating Brown Dwarf in the Solar Neighborhood"
18:
1576:
Ruiz, Maria Teresa; Leggett, S. K.; Allard, France (1997).
806:"The Coolest Isolated M Dwarf and Other 2MASS Discoveries"
914:"3D kinematics of white dwarfs from the SPY project. II"
704:
Other cooler than M brown dwarfs, discovered before 1998
655:
with a temperature of about 1,750 K, a mass of about 63
1111:
1109:
1107:
804:; Beichman, Charles A.; Skrutskie, Michael F. (1997).
627:
with a temperature of about 12,100 K, a mass of 0.64
45:
the article looks messy, and does not have much text.
641:. GD 165 A has an extremely dim luminosity of 0.0030
531: 1422+095, V* CX Boo, ** ZUC 12
2912:
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1992:
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648:, making it completely invisible to the naked eye.
1176:
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1168:
1380:Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
1249:Dictionary of Nomenclature of Celestial Objects.
855:
853:
851:
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847:
845:
843:
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1261:Centre de Données astronomiques de Strasbourg
782:Centre de Données astronomiques de Strasbourg
8:
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2435:
2404:
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144:09° 17′ 13.98″
1603:
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1409:
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1202:
1148:
1079:
989:
947:
929:
831:
104:J2000
68:Learn how and when to remove this message
766:
764:
762:
760:
3026:Astronomical objects discovered in 1988
3021:Objects with variable star designations
1060:Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series
756:
216:
971:
969:
967:
79:
690:for GD 165, adapted from Giammichele
601:University of California, Los Angeles
7:
772:"V* CX Boo -- Pulsating White Dwarf"
228:
14:
1583:The Astrophysical Journal Letters
671:. GD 165B is separated by 123±12
592:The system GD 165 is named after
2962:
2961:
251:29.9335 ± 0.0559
87:
23:
16:Star in the constellation Boötes
1:
978:Astronomy & Astrophysics
918:Astronomy & Astrophysics
588:Nomenclature and observation
231: -149.648 ± 0.074
219: -213.353 ± 0.084
1657:Boötes in Chinese astronomy
1221:10.1088/0004-637X/810/2/158
1008:10.1051/0004-6361/201833051
43:. The specific problem is:
3042:
1550:Astronomy and Astrophysics
1283:(Dec. 15, 1988): 656–658.
1081:10.3847/0067-0049/223/1/10
949:10.1051/0004-6361:20052730
39:to meet Knowledge (XXG)'s
2959:
2908:
2877:
2403:
2347:
1652:
1444:The Astrophysical Journal
870:The Astrophysical Journal
811:The Astrophysical Journal
634:, and a radius of 0.0124
536:
523: J14243914+0917139,
517:
510:
415:
288:
283:
279:
186:
179:
148:
98:
85:
1322:The Astronomical Journal
727:DENIS-P J020529.0-115925
2335:ZTF J153932.16+502738.8
2300:2MASS J15031961+2525196
1667:List of stars in Boötes
1646:Constellation of Boötes
1563:1997A&A...327L..25D
1181:Filippazzo, Joseph C.;
1000:2018A&A...616A...1G
940:2006A&A...447..173P
664:, and a radius of 1.00
155:Evolutionary stage
1411:10.1093/mnras/stac3807
695:
577:system located in the
519:LSPM J1424+0917,
1191:Astrophysical Journal
1129:Astrophysical Journal
717:2MASP J0345432+254023
686:A broad band optical
685:
625:pulsating white dwarf
341:0.0030 ± 0.0006
321:0.0124 ± 0.0003
203:-26.8 ± 4.3 km/s
2361:HD 136418 b (Awasis)
1435:Kirkpatrick, J. Davy
1433:Burgasser, Adam J.;
1117:Kirkpatrick, J. Davy
802:Kirkpatrick, J. Davy
739:DENIS-P J1228.2-1547
733:DENIS-P J1058.7-1548
527: J14247+0917A,
50:improve this article
3006:L-type brown dwarfs
2914:Astronomical events
1596:1997ApJ...491L.107R
1512:1995Natur.378..463N
1467:2002ApJ...564..421B
1402:2023MNRAS.519.5008F
1345:2002AJ....124.1170D
1289:1988Natur.336..656B
1213:2015ApJ...810..158F
1187:Faherty, Jacqueline
1141:1999ApJ...519..834K
1072:2016ApJS..223...10G
883:1999ApJ...519..802K
824:1997ApJ...476..311K
619:Physical properties
537:Database references
428:62.58 ± 15.57
366:8.052 ± 0.035
271:(33.41 ± 0.06
82:
1742:(Asellus Secundus)
696:
673:astronomical units
653:L-Type Brown Dwarf
512:Other designations
396:57.29 ± 0.34 hours
381:12,130 ± 450
171:Spectral type
80:
2973:
2972:
2955:
2954:
2904:
2903:
2896:IDCS J1426.5+3508
2873:
2872:
2750:Cloverleaf quasar
2425:
2424:
2399:
2398:
2343:
2342:
1750:(Asellus Tertius)
1506:(6556): 463–465.
1439:Brown, Michael E.
1121:Baraffe, Isabelle
564:
563:
473:5.19 ± 0.21
448:1.00 ± 0.08
301:0.64 ± 0.02
266:109.0 ± 0.2
78:
77:
70:
41:quality standards
32:This article may
3033:
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2910:
2879:
2436:
2405:
2349:
2264:136418 (Nikawiy)
2219:131496 (Arcalís)
1734:(Asellus Primus)
1682:
1639:
1632:
1625:
1616:
1610:
1609:
1607:
1590:(2): L107–L110.
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1520:10.1038/378463a0
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1458:astro-ph/0108452
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1386:(4): 5008–5016.
1371:
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1336:astro-ph/0205050
1329:(2): 1170–1189.
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931:astro-ph/0510494
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488:1755 ± 102
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149:Characteristics
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99:Observation data
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2883:Galaxy clusters
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2865:ULAS J1342+0928
2835:SDSS J1430+2303
2805:Maisie's Galaxy
2800:MACS 1423-z7p64
2790:IRAS 13349+2438
2745:CLASS B1359+154
2703:
2677:
2421:
2395:
2339:
2320:SDSS J1433+1011
2315:SDSS J1416+1348
2285:CFBDSIR 1458+10
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1988:
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651:GD 165 B is an
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594:Henry L. Giclas
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463:Surface gravity
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356:Surface gravity
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193:Radial velocity
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127:Right ascension
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2325:TVLM 513-46546
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2310:PSR J1544+4937
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1761:μ (Alkalurops)
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1724:
1719:
1714:
1706:
1701:
1696:
1690:
1688:
1679:
1673:
1672:
1670:
1669:
1664:
1659:
1653:
1650:
1649:
1644:
1642:
1641:
1634:
1627:
1619:
1612:
1611:
1605:10.1086/311070
1568:
1533:
1488:
1475:10.1086/324033
1451:(1): 421–451.
1425:
1366:
1353:10.1086/341646
1310:
1265:
1242:
1183:Rice, Emily L.
1164:
1150:10.1086/307380
1135:(2): 834–843.
1103:
1029:
963:
924:(1): 173–184.
904:
891:10.1086/307414
877:(2): 802–833.
839:
833:10.1086/303613
818:(1): 311–318.
793:
755:
753:
750:
749:
748:
742:
736:
730:
724:
714:
700:
697:
668:
665:
660:
657:
645:
642:
638:
635:
631:
628:
623:GD 165 A is a
620:
617:
589:
586:
562:
561:
556:
553:
552:
547:
539:
538:
534:
533:
518:
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433:
426:
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386:
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379:
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364:
351:
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331:
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323:
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311:
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299:
291:
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264:
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196:
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136:
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110:
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96:
95:
86:
76:
75:
31:
29:
22:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3038:
3027:
3024:
3022:
3019:
3017:
3014:
3012:
3011:2MASS objects
3009:
3007:
3004:
3002:
2999:
2997:
2994:
2992:
2989:
2987:
2984:
2983:
2981:
2968:
2958:
2948:
2945:
2943:
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2925:
2923:
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2911:
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2897:
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2892:
2889:
2888:
2886:
2884:
2880:
2876:
2866:
2863:
2861:
2858:
2856:
2853:
2851:
2848:
2846:
2843:
2841:
2840:Teacup galaxy
2838:
2836:
2833:
2831:
2828:
2826:
2823:
2821:
2818:
2816:
2813:
2811:
2810:Markarian 463
2808:
2806:
2803:
2801:
2798:
2796:
2793:
2791:
2788:
2786:
2783:
2781:
2778:
2776:
2773:
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2768:
2766:
2763:
2761:
2758:
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2718:
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2713:
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2710:
2706:
2700:
2697:
2695:
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2690:
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2674:
2671:
2669:
2666:
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2661:
2659:
2656:
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2651:
2649:
2646:
2644:
2641:
2639:
2636:
2634:
2631:
2629:
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2614:
2611:
2609:
2606:
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2574:
2571:
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2443:
2441:
2437:
2434:
2432:
2428:
2418:
2415:
2414:
2412:
2410:
2409:Star clusters
2406:
2402:
2392:
2389:
2387:
2384:
2382:
2379:
2377:
2374:
2372:
2369:
2367:
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2240:
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2222:
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2202:
2200:
2197:
2195:
2192:
2190:
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2177:
2175:
2172:
2170:
2167:
2165:
2162:
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2152:
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2137:
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2115:
2112:
2111:
2109:
2107:
2103:
2097:
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2087:
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2079:
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2075:
2070:
2068:
2065:
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2050:
2048:
2045:
2043:
2040:
2038:
2035:
2033:
2030:
2028:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2000:
1999:
1997:
1995:
1991:
1985:
1982:
1980:
1977:
1975:
1972:
1970:
1967:
1965:
1962:
1960:
1957:
1955:
1952:
1950:
1949:38 (h, Merga)
1947:
1945:
1942:
1940:
1937:
1935:
1932:
1930:
1927:
1925:
1922:
1920:
1917:
1915:
1912:
1910:
1907:
1905:
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1897:
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1171:
1169:
1165:
1160:
1156:
1151:
1146:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1123:(July 1999).
1122:
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1110:
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1082:
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987:
983:
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950:
945:
941:
937:
932:
927:
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872:
871:
863:
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848:
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844:
840:
834:
829:
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821:
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813:
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807:
803:
797:
794:
783:
779:
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773:
767:
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763:
761:
757:
751:
746:
743:
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734:
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718:
715:
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663:
654:
649:
626:
618:
616:
614:
610:
606:
602:
597:
595:
587:
585:
583:
582:constellation
580:
576:
572:
569:
560:
557:
555:
554:
551:
548:
546:
545:
541:
540:
535:
530:
526:
522:
516:
513:
509:
506:
503:1.2-5.5
502:
500:
499:
495:
494:
491:
487:
485:
484:
480:
479:
476:
472:
470:
468:
464:
460:
459:
456:
452:
447:
445:
444:
440:
439:
436:
432:
427:
425:
424:
420:
419:
414:
411:
408:1.2-5.5
407:
405:
404:
400:
399:
395:
393:
392:
388:
387:
384:
380:
378:
377:
373:
372:
369:
365:
363:
361:
357:
353:
352:
349:
340:
338:
337:
333:
332:
329:
320:
318:
317:
313:
312:
309:
300:
298:
297:
293:
292:
287:
282:
278:
274:
269:
265:
263:
262:
258:
257:
254:
250:
248:
246:
242:
241:
238:
234:
226:
222:
215:
213:
211:
210:Proper motion
207:
206:
202:
200:
194:
190:
189:
185:
182:
178:
174:
172:
169:
168:
165:
161:
158:
156:
153:
152:
147:
143:
141:
138:
137:
131:
128:
124:
123:
120:
117:
115:
114:Constellation
112:
111:
107:
103:
97:
90:
84:
72:
69:
61:
58:February 2017
51:
46:
42:
38:
37:
30:
21:
20:
3016:WISE objects
3001:Brown dwarfs
2996:White dwarfs
2991:Binary stars
2830:PKS 1345+125
2815:MS 1512-cB58
2795:LEDA 2108986
2073:
2066:
1749:
1741:
1733:
1710:
1694:α (Arcturus)
1587:
1581:
1571:
1554:
1548:
1503:
1497:
1491:
1448:
1442:
1428:
1383:
1379:
1369:
1326:
1320:
1313:
1280:
1274:
1268:
1254:
1245:
1194:
1190:
1132:
1128:
1063:
1059:
981:
977:
921:
917:
907:
874:
868:
815:
809:
796:
785:. Retrieved
775:
720:
719:- L0 (first
711:Gliese 229 B
703:
702:
691:
650:
622:
605:M-Type stars
598:
591:
566:GD 165 is a
565:
542:
496:
481:
466:
461:
450:
441:
430:
421:
401:
389:
374:
359:
354:
334:
314:
294:
259:
243:
208:
191:
133:14 24 39.144
64:
55:
48:Please help
44:
33:
2927:GRB 080319B
2825:PGC 1470080
2820:PG 1543+489
2740:CEERS-93316
2381:HD 132406 b
2371:HD 128311 b
1727:η (Muphrid)
1704:γ (Seginus)
1662:Boötes Void
1557:: L25–L28.
688:light curve
575:brown dwarf
571:white dwarf
483:Temperature
376:Temperature
164:brown dwarf
160:white dwarf
140:Declination
52:if you can.
2980:Categories
2947:SN 2020tlf
2922:GRB 990123
2891:Abell 1795
2735:CEERS-2112
2386:τ Boötis b
2353:Exoplanets
2290:Gliese 526
2134:125351 (A)
1756:λ (Xuange)
1711:(Princeps)
1699:β (Nekkar)
1393:2301.02101
1204:1508.01767
1197:(2): 158.
991:1804.09365
787:2013-09-23
752:References
465:(log
358:(log
336:Luminosity
181:Astrometry
2942:SN 2005bc
2937:SN 2003fg
2760:EGS-zs8-1
1836:Flamsteed
1420:0035-8711
1361:119485007
1229:0004-637X
1159:0004-637X
1098:124354534
1090:0067-0049
1066:(1): 10.
1016:0004-6361
958:0004-6361
2967:Category
2932:SCP 06F6
2860:UGC 9796
2855:UGC 9684
2850:UGC 9425
2845:UGC 9128
2682:Numbered
2431:Galaxies
2417:NGC 5466
2391:WASP-14b
2366:HAT-P-4b
2305:LHS 2924
1994:Variable
1717:ε (Izar)
1251:GD entry
1237:89611607
1024:49211658
899:73569208
723:L-dwarf)
721:isolated
699:See also
677:PHL 5038
646:☉
639:☉
632:☉
559:GD 165 B
550:GD 165 A
416:GD 165 B
391:Rotation
347:☉
327:☉
307:☉
289:GD 165 A
261:Distance
245:Parallax
34:require
2785:IC 4516
2780:IC 4481
2775:IC 4462
2770:IC 4461
2765:EGSY8p7
2755:DDO 190
2715:Arp 302
2330:WASP-14
2295:HAT-P-4
2074:101 Vir
1592:Bibcode
1559:Bibcode
1528:4351772
1508:Bibcode
1483:9273465
1463:Bibcode
1398:Bibcode
1341:Bibcode
1305:4358564
1285:Bibcode
1209:Bibcode
1137:Bibcode
1068:Bibcode
996:Bibcode
936:Bibcode
879:Bibcode
820:Bibcode
284:Details
175:DA4+L4
106:Equinox
81:GD 165
36:cleanup
2986:Boötes
2730:3C 303
2725:3C 299
2720:3C 295
2269:141399
2259:135944
2254:135530
2249:135438
2244:134335
2239:134064
2234:132563
2229:132406
2224:132029
2214:131473
2209:131040
2204:130917
2199:130603
2194:130084
2189:129357
2184:129132
2179:128198
2174:128093
2169:127726
2164:127304
2159:126271
2154:126200
2149:126141
2144:126128
2139:125658
2129:125040
2124:122563
2119:118889
2114:118508
1979:47 (k)
1974:46 (b)
1969:45 (c)
1964:44 (i)
1919:24 (g)
1914:22 (f)
1884:12 (d)
1526:
1499:Nature
1481:
1418:
1359:
1303:
1276:Nature
1256:SIMBAD
1235:
1227:
1157:
1096:
1088:
1022:
1014:
984:: A1.
956:
897:
777:SIMBAD
745:Kelu-1
713:- T6.5
694:(2015)
692:et al.
613:T-Type
609:L-Type
579:Boötes
568:binary
544:SIMBAD
443:Radius
316:Radius
119:Boötes
108:J2000
2708:Other
2278:Other
1859:6 (e)
1686:Bayer
1677:Stars
1524:S2CID
1479:S2CID
1453:arXiv
1388:arXiv
1357:S2CID
1331:arXiv
1301:S2CID
1233:S2CID
1199:arXiv
1094:S2CID
1020:S2CID
986:arXiv
926:arXiv
895:S2CID
865:(PDF)
735:- L3
521:2MASS
229:Dec.:
102:Epoch
2673:5966
2668:5930
2663:5929
2658:5896
2653:5886
2648:5837
2643:5829
2638:5821
2633:5820
2628:5755
2623:5754
2618:5753
2613:5752
2608:5714
2603:5683
2598:5682
2593:5676
2588:5665
2583:5653
2578:5641
2573:5630
2568:5624
2563:5615
2558:5614
2553:5613
2548:5609
2543:5582
2538:5579
2533:5562
2528:5559
2523:5557
2518:5548
2513:5545
2508:5544
2503:5539
2498:5535
2493:5533
2488:5529
2483:5523
2478:5514
2473:5508
2468:5500
2463:5490
2458:5251
2453:5248
2448:5008
2072:CY (
1416:ISSN
1225:ISSN
1155:ISSN
1086:ISSN
1012:ISSN
954:ISSN
747:- L2
741:- L5
729:- L7
611:and
573:and
423:Mass
296:Mass
2699:III
2440:NGC
1600:doi
1588:491
1555:327
1516:doi
1504:378
1471:doi
1449:564
1406:doi
1384:519
1349:doi
1327:124
1293:doi
1281:336
1217:doi
1195:810
1145:doi
1133:519
1076:doi
1064:223
1004:doi
982:616
944:doi
922:447
887:doi
875:519
828:doi
816:476
525:WDS
505:Gyr
498:Age
475:cgs
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