352:
329:
226:
251:
3055:
1380:
51:
603:
3070:
358:
257:
4305:
1210:
2522:
Hussein AM, Ross M, Vredenburgh J, Meisenberg B, Hars V, Gilbert C, et al. (November 1995). "Effects of granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor produced in
Chinese hamster ovary cells (regramostim), Escherichia coli (molgramostim) and yeast (sargramostim) on priming peripheral blood
77:
2726:
Meisel C, Schefold JC, Pschowski R, Baumann T, Hetzger K, Gregor J, et al. (October 2009). "Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor to reverse sepsis-associated immunosuppression: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled multicenter trial".
1844:
Molgramostim was eventually co-developed and co-marketed by
Novartis and Schering-Plough under the trade name Leucomax for use in helping white blood cell levels recover following chemotherapy, and in 2002 Novartis sold its rights to Schering-Plough.
2141:
Francisco-Cruz A, Aguilar-Santelises M, Ramos-Espinosa O, Mata-Espinosa D, Marquina-Castillo B, Barrios-Payan J, Hernandez-Pando R (January 2014). "Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor: not just another haematopoietic growth factor".
1821:
was made in
Chinese hamster ovary cells (CHO) and has more glycosylation than sargramostim. The amount of glycosylation affects how the body interacts with the drug and how the drug interacts with the body.
1727:
GM-CSF also has some effects on mature cells of the immune system. These include, for example, enhancing neutrophil migration and causing an alteration of the receptors expressed on the cells surface.
4335:
3450:
2361:"A conserved insulator that recruits CTCF and cohesin exists between the closely related but divergently regulated interleukin-3 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor genes"
1984:
3054:
2102:"Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor: comparisons and potential for use in the treatment of infections in nonneutropenic patients"
3234:
1392:
1561:
3110:
365:
264:
3466:
3154:
3928:
1338:
3394:
3516:
3948:
1742:
that culminate in fungal zinc starvation and toxicity. Thus, GM-CSF facilitates development of the immune system and promotes defense against infections.
3576:
3227:
1895:
GM-CSF. In critically ill patients GM-CSF has been trialled as a therapy for the immunosuppression of critical illness, and has shown promise restoring
941:
922:
187:
2277:"Granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor induced Zn sequestration enhances macrophage superoxide and limits intracellular pathogen survival"
3919:
3908:
3884:
3374:
3103:
1863:
Imlygic was approved by the US FDA in
October 2015, and in December 2015 by the EMA, as an oncolytic virotherapy, commercialized by Amgen Inc. This
3263:
3069:
2620:
1738:. The cytokine activates macrophages to inhibit fungal survival. It induces deprivation in intracellular free zinc and increases production of
3410:
3220:
3160:
3034:
2324:
Hansen PJ, Dobbs KB, Denicol AC (September 2014). "Programming of the preimplantation embryo by the embryokine colony stimulating factor 2".
2082:
1978:
1640:
1286:
31:
2064:
1773:. GM-CSF and IL-3 are separated by an insulator element and thus independently regulated. Other genes in the cluster include those encoding
4325:
3542:
3165:
35:
351:
3096:
1720:, by which activation of a small number of macrophages can rapidly lead to an increase in their numbers, a process crucial for fighting
1141:
3274:
2920:"Clonal expansion and activation of tissue-resident memory-like Th17 cells expressing GM-CSF in the lungs of severe COVID-19 patients"
1765:
type 2-associated cytokine gene cluster at chromosome region 5q31, which is known to be associated with interstitial deletions in the
2487:
1148:
328:
4228:
2408:
2683:
Deiß A, Brecht I, Haarmann A, Buttmann M (March 2013). "Treating multiple sclerosis with monoclonal antibodies: a 2013 update".
2051:
2030:
1425:
3939:
3641:
2981:
2580:
2047:
1358:
250:
225:
74:
4295:
2026:
4243:
2423:
167:
2566:
1849:
364:
263:
4233:
3875:
1770:
2581:"Scientific Conclusions and Grounds for Amendment of the Summary of Product Characteristics Presented by the EMEA"
3834:
3304:
3119:
3027:
1371:
357:
256:
2985:
1938:
1868:
1826:
986:
175:
2867:
Thwaites RS, Sanchez
Sevilla Uruchurtu A, Siggins MK, Liew F, Russell CD, Moore SC, et al. (March 2021).
1346:
2762:
Pinder EM, Rostron AJ, Hellyer TP, Ruchaud-Sparagano MH, Scott J, Macfarlane JG, et al. (October 2018).
1848:
Sargramostim was approved by the US FDA in 1991 to accelerate white blood cell recovery following autologous
4340:
3587:
3283:
1739:
967:
3299:
2869:"Inflammatory profiles across the spectrum of disease reveal a distinct role for GM-CSF in severe COVID-19"
3972:
1957:
1919:
1864:
1801:
GM-CSF was first cloned in 1985, and soon afterwards three potential drug products were being made using
3784:
3779:
3730:
2764:"Randomised controlled trial of GM-CSF in critically ill patients with impaired neutrophil phagocytosis"
3369:
1342:
3384:
2642:
Andtbacka RH, Kaufman HL, Collichio F, Amatruda T, Senzer N, Chesney J, et al. (September 2015).
3899:
3735:
3440:
3334:
3020:
1953:
1880:
1817:
was made in yeast, has a leucine instead of proline at position 23 and is somewhat glycosylated, and
1299:
239:
4142:
154:
3850:
3740:
3632:
3349:
3344:
3339:
3329:
3063:: THREE-DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURE OF RECOMBINANT HUMAN GRANULOCYTE-MACROPHAGE COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR
2359:
Bowers SR, Mirabella F, Calero-Nieto FJ, Valeaux S, Hadjur S, Baxter EW, et al. (April 2009).
1949:
1717:
1625:
1609:
1442:
3603:
3461:
3430:
1903:
function, although the impact on patient outcomes is currently unclear and awaits larger studies.
4330:
3764:
3759:
3725:
3720:
3666:
3481:
3254:
3246:
2708:
2548:
2257:
2167:
1818:
199:
4253:
3557:
3547:
3537:
3471:
3420:
1124:
1103:
1077:
1056:
4182:
4172:
4162:
4099:
3824:
3527:
4192:
4177:
4094:
4059:
3804:
3309:
3243:
2992:
2951:
2900:
2849:
2793:
2744:
2700:
2665:
2540:
2446:
2390:
2341:
2306:
2249:
2208:
2159:
2123:
1884:
1379:
1333:
147:
67:
50:
4119:
3294:
2424:"Emerging applications of recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor"
3845:
3774:
3769:
3657:
3314:
2941:
2931:
2890:
2880:
2839:
2829:
2783:
2775:
2736:
2692:
2655:
2644:"Talimogene Laherparepvec Improves Durable Response Rate in Patients With Advanced Melanoma"
2597:
2532:
2438:
2380:
2372:
2333:
2296:
2288:
2239:
2198:
2151:
2113:
1671:
1613:
1503:
602:
444:
375:
319:
274:
3753:
2275:
Subramanian
Vignesh K, Landero Figueroa JA, Porollo A, Caruso JA, Deepe GS (October 2013).
1871:, has been genetically engineered to express human GM-CSF using the tumor cells machinery.
1793:
Human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor is glycosylated in its mature form.
1451:
1325:
4223:
4200:
3745:
3662:
3425:
2498:
1802:
1215:
419:
195:
2918:
Zhao Y, Kilian C, Turner JE, Bosurgi L, Roedl K, Bartsch P, et al. (February 2021).
1647:
proliferation and maturation, GM-CSF affects more cell types, especially macrophages and
4309:
4084:
4074:
4001:
3618:
3608:
3532:
3364:
3201:
3183:
2946:
2919:
2895:
2868:
2844:
2817:
2788:
2763:
2536:
2385:
2360:
2301:
2276:
1923:
1782:
1706:
2337:
856:
851:
846:
841:
836:
831:
826:
821:
816:
811:
806:
801:
796:
791:
786:
781:
776:
771:
766:
761:
756:
751:
746:
741:
736:
731:
726:
721:
716:
711:
706:
690:
685:
680:
664:
659:
654:
649:
644:
4319:
3652:
3435:
3354:
3135:
3001:
1994:
1778:
1774:
1762:
1758:
1710:
1701:. Monocytes exit the circulation and migrate into tissue, whereupon they mature into
1674:
1291:
631:
2552:
2523:
progenitor cells for use with autologous bone marrow after high-dose chemotherapy".
2261:
2171:
1242:
179:
4258:
4238:
4157:
4147:
4089:
4036:
3966:
3865:
3809:
3496:
3486:
3476:
3379:
3359:
3324:
3319:
2464:
1834:
1814:
1806:
1766:
1714:
1663:
1633:
1629:
1593:
1405:
1400:
1321:
437:
216:
2779:
2712:
2203:
2186:
1255:
2292:
1267:
732:
negative regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in absence of ligand
203:
4268:
4263:
4167:
4152:
4124:
4114:
4109:
4064:
4031:
4026:
4021:
4016:
4011:
3996:
3991:
3814:
3799:
3794:
3613:
3598:
3415:
2087:
National Center for
Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine
2069:
National Center for
Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine
1682:
4304:
3212:
2936:
2885:
2740:
1852:
under the trade name
Leukine, and passed through several hands, ending up with
520:
4104:
4006:
3860:
3405:
2442:
2155:
2002:
1989:
1974:
1911:
1900:
1746:
1702:
1690:
1686:
1648:
1644:
1617:
1605:
1597:
1542:
1482:
827:
cellular response to granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor stimulus
336:
233:
183:
3088:
2660:
2643:
4278:
4273:
4054:
3501:
2598:"Bayer Healthcare Pharmaceuticals Plant, Snohomish County, Washington State"
1998:
1721:
1678:
1660:
1590:
886:
580:
458:
403:
390:
302:
289:
191:
2955:
2904:
2853:
2797:
2748:
2704:
2669:
2394:
2345:
2310:
2253:
2163:
2127:
2544:
2450:
2244:
2227:
2212:
2187:"Molecular physiology of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor"
1295:
1209:
1188:
1183:
3506:
3127:
2376:
1907:
1896:
1888:
1698:
1694:
1667:
1621:
1462:
1262:
1172:
1031:
1012:
2834:
2409:"Entrez Gene: CSF2 colony stimulating factor 2 (granulocyte-macrophage)"
1471:
3193:
3006:
2996:
2567:"Press release: Novartis Oncology sharpens focus on key growth drivers"
1934:
1927:
1853:
1830:
1745:
GM-CSF also plays a role in embryonic development by functioning as an
1279:
1274:
998:
953:
2696:
1952:
against GM-CSF are being used as treatment in clinical trials against
124:
120:
116:
112:
108:
104:
100:
96:
17:
4079:
4069:
3714:
3710:
3706:
3702:
3698:
3694:
3145:
1969:
1930:
1857:
1838:
1730:
GM-CSF signals via signal transducer and activator of transcription,
1601:
1353:
1156:
908:
2118:
2101:
712:
positive regulation of macrophage derived foam cell differentiation
3749:
3690:
3686:
3682:
3678:
3674:
3670:
3567:
3175:
1918:. Elevated GM-CSF has been shown to contribute to inflammation in
1915:
1735:
1731:
1218:
human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rhGM_CSF)
871:
867:
650:
granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor binding
4134:
4046:
3983:
1315:
1249:
1237:
171:
3216:
3092:
3016:
822:
positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein
611:
3012:
2818:"GM-CSF: A Promising Target in Inflammation and Autoimmunity"
2991:
Overview of all the structural information available in the
1757:
The human gene has been localized in close proximity to the
3005:(Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor) at the
2976:
2729:
American
Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
2488:"Back to the Future: Original Liquid Leukine® Coming Soon"
2971:
1985:
Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor
3078:: HUMAN GRANULOCYTE MACROPHAGE COLONY STIMULATING FACTOR
1887:
may reduce the inflammation or damage. Some drugs (e.g.
427:
3375:
Methoxy polyethylene glycol-epoetin beta (CERA/Mircera)
1734:. In macrophages, it has also been shown to signal via
1568:
1860:. Leukine is now owned by Partner Therapeutics (PTx).
1433:
Human granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor
4293:
592:
852:
positive regulation of cell population proliferation
4213:
4191:
4133:
4045:
3982:
3965:
3958:
3938:
3918:
3898:
3874:
3833:
3640:
3631:
3586:
3566:
3515:
3449:
3393:
3282:
3273:
3253:
3192:
3174:
3144:
3126:
1541:
1502:
1497:
1481:
1461:
1441:
1416:
1391:
1386:
1352:
1332:
1314:
1309:
1285:
1273:
1261:
1248:
1236:
1228:
1223:
1202:
1117:
1096:
1070:
1049:
842:
negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated
4336:Drugs acting on the blood and blood forming organs
2043:
2041:
2039:
2022:
2020:
2018:
1914:to produce pro-inflammatory cytokines, including
1628:analogs of naturally occurring GM-CSF are called
374:
273:
3467:Granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor
3155:Granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor
2982:Granulocyte-Macrophage+Colony-Stimulating+Factor
1579:Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor
1372:Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor
1203:Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor
737:positive regulation of interleukin-23 production
2811:
2809:
2807:
1450:
812:regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, sleep
2048:GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000018916
1879:GM-CSF is found in high levels in joints with
3228:
3104:
3028:
2228:"Basophil modulation by cytokine instruction"
8:
1370:
2027:GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000164400
717:regulation of cell population proliferation
4234:Leukemia/leukocyte inhibitory factor (LIF)
3979:
3962:
3637:
3279:
3235:
3221:
3213:
3111:
3097:
3089:
3035:
3021:
3013:
2569:. Novartis via SEC Edgar. 30 October 2002.
1378:
1306:
1208:
882:
832:regulation of myeloid cell differentiation
627:
415:
314:
211:
85:
4229:FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 ligand (FLT3L)
3658:Interferon alpha (interferon alfa, IFN-α)
2984:at the U.S. National Library of Medicine
2945:
2935:
2894:
2884:
2843:
2833:
2816:Lee KM, Achuthan AA, Hamilton JA (2020).
2787:
2659:
2384:
2300:
2243:
2202:
2117:
837:regulation of signaling receptor activity
158:, GMCSF, colony stimulating factor 2, CSF
4251:Additional cytokine receptor modulators:
727:positive regulation of podosome assembly
686:intracellular membrane-bounded organelle
4300:
3050:
2014:
1470:
1430:
777:cellular response to lipopolysaccharide
27:Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens
4075:Cucurbitacin I (elatericin B, JSI-124)
1369:
1199:
767:myeloid dendritic cell differentiation
742:positive regulation of gene expression
40:
3411:Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor
3161:Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor
2619:U.S. Food & Drug Administration.
1979:granulocyte colony-stimulating factor
1856:, which was subsequently acquired by
1641:granulocyte colony-stimulating factor
379:
340:
335:
278:
237:
232:
32:granulocyte colony-stimulating factor
7:
3770:Interferon kappa (IFN-ε/κ/τ/ζ, IFNK)
3543:Macrophage colony-stimulating factor
3166:Macrophage colony-stimulating factor
2621:"IMLYGIC (talimogene laherparepvec)"
1404:
36:macrophage colony-stimulating factor
4244:Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP)
847:cytokine-mediated signaling pathway
2685:Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics
2537:10.1111/j.1600-0609.1995.tb00713.x
2106:The Journal of Infectious Diseases
1587:colony-stimulating factor 2 (CSF2)
1114:
1093:
1067:
1046:
1022:
1003:
977:
958:
932:
913:
597:
515:
453:
432:
25:
2338:10.1016/j.anireprosci.2014.05.017
807:peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation
4303:
3068:
3053:
1749:produced by reproductive tract.
1520:
1514:
707:negative regulation of cytolysis
660:protein tyrosine kinase activity
601:
363:
356:
350:
327:
262:
255:
249:
224:
49:
3775:Interferon omega (IFN-ω, IFNW1)
2600:. pharmaceutical-technology.com
2525:European Journal of Haematology
2100:Root RK, Dale DC (March 1999).
1214:three-dimensional structure of
2365:Molecular and Cellular Biology
2232:European Journal of Immunology
1643:, which specifically promotes
1532:
1526:
1508:
792:response to fluid shear stress
762:dendritic cell differentiation
747:embryonic placenta development
612:More reference expression data
581:More reference expression data
1:
2780:10.1136/thoraxjnl-2017-211323
2422:Armitage JO (December 1998).
2226:Voehringer D (October 2012).
2204:10.1182/blood.V77.6.1131.1131
1829:was working on molgramostim,
1310:Available protein structures:
757:regulation of gene expression
348:
247:
2648:Journal of Clinical Oncology
2293:10.1016/j.immuni.2013.09.006
1841:was working on regramostim.
4326:Genes on human chromosome 5
3619:Thrombopoietin (THPO, MGDF)
3385:Pegol sihematide (EPO-018B)
3305:Carbamylated erythropoietin
2326:Animal Reproduction Science
1850:bone marrow transplantation
797:response to silicon dioxide
481:stromal cell of endometrium
4357:
3120:Colony-stimulating factors
2937:10.1126/sciimmunol.abf6692
2886:10.1126/sciimmunol.abg9873
2741:10.1164/rccm.200903-0363OC
1771:acute myelogenous leukemia
1709:. Thus, it is part of the
1498:Chemical and physical data
857:macrophage differentiation
802:neutrophil differentiation
752:epithelial fluid transport
29:
4168:Tofacitinib (tasocitinib)
4125:Tofacitinib (tasocitinib)
4032:Tofacitinib (tasocitinib)
3048:
2977:Official Leukine web site
2972:Official gentaur web site
2822:ImmunoTargets and Therapy
2586:. EMA CPMP. 27 June 2000.
2443:10.1182/blood.V92.12.4491
2156:10.1007/s12032-013-0774-6
2083:"Mouse PubMed Reference:"
2065:"Human PubMed Reference:"
1891:) are being developed to
1883:and blocking GM-CSF as a
1813:and is not glycosylated,
1558:
1421:
1377:
1305:
1207:
1187:
1182:
1178:
1171:
1155:
1142:Chr 5: 132.07 – 132.08 Mb
1136:
1121:
1100:
1089:
1074:
1053:
1042:
1029:
1025:
1010:
1006:
997:
984:
980:
965:
961:
952:
939:
935:
920:
916:
907:
892:
885:
881:
865:
630:
626:
609:
600:
591:
578:
527:
518:
465:
456:
426:
418:
414:
397:
384:
347:
326:
317:
313:
296:
283:
246:
223:
214:
210:
165:
162:
152:
145:
140:
93:
88:
71:
66:
61:
57:
48:
43:
3846:Interferon gamma (IFN-γ)
2986:Medical Subject Headings
2661:10.1200/JCO.2014.58.3377
2495:Oncology Business Review
2185:Gasson JC (March 1991).
1869:Talimogene laherparepvec
1827:Genetics Institute, Inc.
1149:Chr 11: 54.14 – 54.14 Mb
787:monocyte differentiation
381:11 B1.3|11 32.13 cM
30:Not to be confused with
3746:Interferon beta (IFN-β)
1740:reactive oxygen species
473:upper lobe of left lung
4224:Cardiotrophin 1 (CT-1)
1958:ankylosing spondylitis
1920:inflammatory arthritis
1865:oncolytic herpes virus
645:growth factor activity
4221:Additional cytokines:
4148:Decernotinib (VX-509)
3785:Peginterferon alfa-2b
3780:Peginterferon alfa-2a
3300:Asialo erythropoietin
2245:10.1002/eji.201142318
1950:Monoclonal antibodies
1875:Clinical significance
772:macrophage activation
555:haematopoietic system
342:Chromosome 11 (mouse)
3736:Interferon alfacon-1
3365:Erythropoietin (EPO)
2377:10.1128/MCB.01411-08
2112:(Suppl 2): S342-52.
1954:rheumatoid arthritis
1881:rheumatoid arthritis
1677:. GM-CSF stimulates
1666:that functions as a
1620:that functions as a
1610:natural killer cells
681:extracellular region
497:smooth muscle tissue
240:Chromosome 5 (human)
89:List of PDB id codes
62:Available structures
3883:See IL-28R (IFNLR)
3851:Interferon gamma 1b
3741:Interferon alpha-n3
2835:10.2147/ITT.S262566
1374:
817:histamine secretion
691:extracellular space
489:islet of Langerhans
4239:Oncostatin M (OSM)
3765:Interferon beta 1b
3760:Interferon beta 1a
3731:Interferon alfa n1
3726:Interferon alfa 2b
3721:Interferon alfa 2a
3555:Kinase inhibitors:
2924:Science Immunology
2873:Science Immunology
2486:Staff (May 2008).
1906:GM-CSF stimulates
987:ENSMUSG00000018916
700:Biological process
674:Cellular component
638:Molecular function
4291:
4290:
4287:
4286:
4209:
4208:
3976:
3894:
3893:
3627:
3626:
3370:Erythropoietin-Fc
3244:Cytokine receptor
3210:
3209:
3086:
3085:
2697:10.1586/ern.13.17
1885:biological target
1614:endothelial cells
1585:), also known as
1576:
1575:
1368:
1367:
1364:
1363:
1359:structure summary
1198:
1197:
1194:
1193:
1167:
1166:
1132:
1131:
1111:
1110:
1085:
1084:
1064:
1063:
1038:
1037:
1019:
1018:
993:
992:
974:
973:
948:
947:
929:
928:
877:
876:
665:cytokine activity
622:
621:
618:
617:
587:
586:
574:
573:
512:
511:
410:
409:
309:
308:
136:
135:
132:
131:
72:Ortholog search:
16:(Redirected from
4348:
4308:
4307:
4299:
3980:
3970:
3963:
3822:Decoy receptors:
3638:
3315:Darbepoetin alfa
3280:
3237:
3230:
3223:
3214:
3157:
3113:
3106:
3099:
3090:
3072:
3057:
3037:
3030:
3023:
3014:
2960:
2959:
2949:
2939:
2915:
2909:
2908:
2898:
2888:
2879:(57): eabg9873.
2864:
2858:
2857:
2847:
2837:
2813:
2802:
2801:
2791:
2759:
2753:
2752:
2723:
2717:
2716:
2680:
2674:
2673:
2663:
2639:
2633:
2632:
2630:
2628:
2616:
2610:
2609:
2607:
2605:
2594:
2588:
2587:
2585:
2577:
2571:
2570:
2563:
2557:
2556:
2519:
2513:
2512:
2510:
2509:
2503:
2497:. Archived from
2492:
2483:
2477:
2476:
2474:
2472:
2461:
2455:
2454:
2437:(12): 4491–508.
2428:
2419:
2413:
2412:
2405:
2399:
2398:
2388:
2356:
2350:
2349:
2321:
2315:
2314:
2304:
2272:
2266:
2265:
2247:
2223:
2217:
2216:
2206:
2182:
2176:
2175:
2144:Medical Oncology
2138:
2132:
2131:
2121:
2097:
2091:
2090:
2079:
2073:
2072:
2061:
2055:
2045:
2034:
2024:
1960:, and COVID-19.
1811:Escherichia coli
1672:white blood cell
1572:
1571:
1564:
1553:
1551:
1534:
1528:
1522:
1516:
1510:
1474:
1454:
1408:
1382:
1375:
1373:
1307:
1212:
1200:
1180:
1179:
1151:
1144:
1127:
1115:
1106:
1094:
1090:RefSeq (protein)
1080:
1068:
1059:
1047:
1023:
1004:
978:
959:
933:
914:
883:
628:
614:
605:
598:
583:
523:
521:Top expressed in
516:
469:cartilage tissue
461:
459:Top expressed in
454:
433:
416:
406:
393:
382:
367:
360:
354:
343:
331:
315:
305:
292:
281:
266:
259:
253:
242:
228:
212:
206:
204:CSF2 - orthologs
157:
150:
127:
86:
80:
59:
58:
53:
41:
21:
4356:
4355:
4351:
4350:
4349:
4347:
4346:
4345:
4316:
4315:
4314:
4302:
4294:
4292:
4283:
4205:
4201:Deucravacitinib
4187:
4129:
4041:
3969:
3954:
3934:
3914:
3890:
3870:
3829:
3663:Interferon alfa
3623:
3582:
3562:
3511:
3445:
3441:Pegnartograstim
3426:Lipegfilgrastim
3389:
3335:Epoetin epsilon
3269:
3249:
3241:
3211:
3206:
3188:
3170:
3153:
3140:
3122:
3117:
3087:
3082:
3079:
3073:
3064:
3058:
3044:
3041:
2968:
2963:
2917:
2916:
2912:
2866:
2865:
2861:
2815:
2814:
2805:
2774:(10): 918–925.
2761:
2760:
2756:
2725:
2724:
2720:
2682:
2681:
2677:
2641:
2640:
2636:
2626:
2624:
2618:
2617:
2613:
2603:
2601:
2596:
2595:
2591:
2583:
2579:
2578:
2574:
2565:
2564:
2560:
2521:
2520:
2516:
2507:
2505:
2501:
2490:
2485:
2484:
2480:
2470:
2468:
2463:
2462:
2458:
2426:
2421:
2420:
2416:
2407:
2406:
2402:
2358:
2357:
2353:
2323:
2322:
2318:
2274:
2273:
2269:
2238:(10): 2544–50.
2225:
2224:
2220:
2184:
2183:
2179:
2140:
2139:
2135:
2099:
2098:
2094:
2081:
2080:
2076:
2063:
2062:
2058:
2046:
2037:
2025:
2016:
2012:
1981:(G-CSF) analog)
1966:
1947:
1945:Clinical trials
1877:
1837:(Leukine), and
1833:was working on
1803:recombinant DNA
1799:
1791:
1755:
1707:dendritic cells
1657:
1567:
1565:
1562:(what is this?)
1559:
1549:
1547:
1537:
1531:
1525:
1519:
1513:
1493:
1477:
1457:
1437:
1434:
1429:
1428:
1412:
1219:
1189:View/Edit Mouse
1184:View/Edit Human
1147:
1140:
1137:Location (UCSC)
1123:
1102:
1076:
1055:
968:ENSG00000164400
861:
782:immune response
695:
669:
655:protein binding
610:
579:
570:
565:
561:
557:
553:
549:
547:piriform cortex
545:
541:
537:
535:right lung lobe
533:
519:
508:
503:
499:
495:
491:
487:
483:
479:
475:
471:
457:
401:
388:
380:
370:
369:
368:
361:
341:
318:Gene location (
300:
287:
279:
269:
268:
267:
260:
238:
215:Gene location (
166:
153:
146:
95:
73:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4354:
4352:
4344:
4343:
4341:Growth factors
4338:
4333:
4328:
4318:
4317:
4313:
4312:
4289:
4288:
4285:
4284:
4282:
4281:
4276:
4271:
4266:
4261:
4256:
4247:
4246:
4241:
4236:
4231:
4226:
4217:
4215:
4211:
4210:
4207:
4206:
4204:
4203:
4197:
4195:
4189:
4188:
4186:
4185:
4180:
4175:
4170:
4165:
4160:
4155:
4150:
4145:
4143:Cercosporamide
4139:
4137:
4131:
4130:
4128:
4127:
4122:
4117:
4112:
4107:
4102:
4097:
4092:
4087:
4085:Deuruxolitinib
4082:
4077:
4072:
4067:
4062:
4057:
4051:
4049:
4043:
4042:
4040:
4039:
4034:
4029:
4024:
4019:
4014:
4009:
4004:
4002:Deuruxolitinib
3999:
3994:
3988:
3986:
3977:
3960:
3956:
3955:
3953:
3952:
3944:
3942:
3936:
3935:
3933:
3932:
3924:
3922:
3916:
3915:
3913:
3912:
3904:
3902:
3896:
3895:
3892:
3891:
3889:
3888:
3880:
3878:
3876:IFNLR (λ, III)
3872:
3871:
3869:
3868:
3863:
3854:
3853:
3848:
3839:
3837:
3831:
3830:
3828:
3827:
3818:
3817:
3812:
3807:
3802:
3797:
3788:
3787:
3782:
3777:
3772:
3767:
3762:
3757:
3743:
3738:
3733:
3728:
3723:
3718:
3660:
3655:
3646:
3644:
3642:IFNAR (α/β, I)
3635:
3629:
3628:
3625:
3624:
3622:
3621:
3616:
3611:
3609:Promegapoietin
3606:
3601:
3592:
3590:
3588:Thrombopoietin
3584:
3583:
3581:
3580:
3572:
3570:
3564:
3563:
3561:
3560:
3551:
3550:
3545:
3540:
3535:
3533:Interleukin-34
3530:
3521:
3519:
3513:
3512:
3510:
3509:
3504:
3499:
3490:
3489:
3484:
3479:
3474:
3469:
3464:
3455:
3453:
3447:
3446:
3444:
3443:
3438:
3433:
3428:
3423:
3418:
3413:
3408:
3399:
3397:
3391:
3390:
3388:
3387:
3382:
3377:
3372:
3367:
3362:
3357:
3352:
3347:
3342:
3337:
3332:
3327:
3322:
3317:
3312:
3307:
3302:
3297:
3288:
3286:
3284:Erythropoietin
3277:
3271:
3270:
3268:
3267:
3259:
3257:
3251:
3250:
3242:
3240:
3239:
3232:
3225:
3217:
3208:
3207:
3205:
3204:
3202:Thrombopoietin
3198:
3196:
3190:
3189:
3187:
3186:
3184:Erythropoietin
3180:
3178:
3172:
3171:
3169:
3168:
3163:
3158:
3150:
3148:
3142:
3141:
3139:
3138:
3132:
3130:
3124:
3123:
3118:
3116:
3115:
3108:
3101:
3093:
3084:
3083:
3081:
3080:
3074:
3067:
3065:
3059:
3052:
3049:
3046:
3045:
3042:
3040:
3039:
3032:
3025:
3017:
3011:
3010:
2989:
2979:
2974:
2967:
2966:External links
2964:
2962:
2961:
2910:
2859:
2803:
2754:
2718:
2675:
2654:(25): 2780–8.
2634:
2611:
2589:
2572:
2558:
2514:
2478:
2465:"Molgramostim"
2456:
2414:
2400:
2371:(7): 1682–93.
2351:
2332:(1–2): 59–66.
2316:
2287:(4): 697–710.
2267:
2218:
2197:(6): 1131–45.
2177:
2133:
2119:10.1086/513857
2092:
2074:
2056:
2035:
2013:
2011:
2008:
2007:
2006:
1992:
1987:
1982:
1977:(Neupogen, a
1972:
1965:
1962:
1946:
1943:
1924:osteoarthritis
1876:
1873:
1825:At that time,
1798:
1795:
1790:
1787:
1775:interleukins 4
1761:gene within a
1754:
1751:
1656:
1653:
1626:pharmaceutical
1574:
1573:
1556:
1555:
1545:
1539:
1538:
1535:
1529:
1523:
1517:
1511:
1506:
1500:
1499:
1495:
1494:
1492:
1491:
1487:
1485:
1479:
1478:
1476:
1475:
1467:
1465:
1459:
1458:
1456:
1455:
1447:
1445:
1439:
1438:
1436:
1435:
1432:
1424:
1423:
1422:
1419:
1418:
1414:
1413:
1411:
1410:
1397:
1395:
1389:
1388:
1384:
1383:
1366:
1365:
1362:
1361:
1356:
1350:
1349:
1336:
1330:
1329:
1319:
1312:
1311:
1303:
1302:
1289:
1283:
1282:
1277:
1271:
1270:
1265:
1259:
1258:
1253:
1246:
1245:
1240:
1234:
1233:
1230:
1226:
1225:
1221:
1220:
1213:
1205:
1204:
1196:
1195:
1192:
1191:
1186:
1176:
1175:
1169:
1168:
1165:
1164:
1162:
1160:
1153:
1152:
1145:
1138:
1134:
1133:
1130:
1129:
1119:
1118:
1112:
1109:
1108:
1098:
1097:
1091:
1087:
1086:
1083:
1082:
1072:
1071:
1065:
1062:
1061:
1051:
1050:
1044:
1040:
1039:
1036:
1035:
1027:
1026:
1020:
1017:
1016:
1008:
1007:
1001:
995:
994:
991:
990:
982:
981:
975:
972:
971:
963:
962:
956:
950:
949:
946:
945:
937:
936:
930:
927:
926:
918:
917:
911:
905:
904:
899:
894:
890:
889:
879:
878:
875:
874:
863:
862:
860:
859:
854:
849:
844:
839:
834:
829:
824:
819:
814:
809:
804:
799:
794:
789:
784:
779:
774:
769:
764:
759:
754:
749:
744:
739:
734:
729:
724:
719:
714:
709:
703:
701:
697:
696:
694:
693:
688:
683:
677:
675:
671:
670:
668:
667:
662:
657:
652:
647:
641:
639:
635:
634:
624:
623:
620:
619:
616:
615:
607:
606:
595:
589:
588:
585:
584:
576:
575:
572:
571:
569:
568:
564:
560:
556:
552:
548:
544:
540:
536:
532:
531:left lung lobe
528:
525:
524:
513:
510:
509:
507:
506:
502:
498:
494:
490:
486:
482:
478:
474:
470:
466:
463:
462:
450:
449:
441:
430:
424:
423:
420:RNA expression
412:
411:
408:
407:
399:
395:
394:
386:
383:
378:
372:
371:
362:
355:
349:
345:
344:
339:
333:
332:
324:
323:
311:
310:
307:
306:
298:
294:
293:
285:
282:
277:
271:
270:
261:
254:
248:
244:
243:
236:
230:
229:
221:
220:
208:
207:
164:
160:
159:
151:
143:
142:
138:
137:
134:
133:
130:
129:
91:
90:
82:
81:
70:
64:
63:
55:
54:
46:
45:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4353:
4342:
4339:
4337:
4334:
4332:
4329:
4327:
4324:
4323:
4321:
4311:
4306:
4301:
4297:
4280:
4277:
4275:
4272:
4270:
4267:
4265:
4262:
4260:
4257:
4255:
4252:
4249:
4248:
4245:
4242:
4240:
4237:
4235:
4232:
4230:
4227:
4225:
4222:
4219:
4218:
4216:
4212:
4202:
4199:
4198:
4196:
4194:
4190:
4184:
4181:
4179:
4176:
4174:
4171:
4169:
4166:
4164:
4161:
4159:
4156:
4154:
4151:
4149:
4146:
4144:
4141:
4140:
4138:
4136:
4132:
4126:
4123:
4121:
4118:
4116:
4113:
4111:
4108:
4106:
4103:
4101:
4098:
4096:
4093:
4091:
4088:
4086:
4083:
4081:
4078:
4076:
4073:
4071:
4068:
4066:
4063:
4061:
4058:
4056:
4053:
4052:
4050:
4048:
4044:
4038:
4035:
4033:
4030:
4028:
4025:
4023:
4020:
4018:
4015:
4013:
4010:
4008:
4005:
4003:
4000:
3998:
3995:
3993:
3990:
3989:
3987:
3985:
3981:
3978:
3974:
3968:
3964:
3961:
3957:
3950:
3946:
3945:
3943:
3941:
3937:
3930:
3926:
3925:
3923:
3921:
3917:
3910:
3906:
3905:
3903:
3901:
3897:
3886:
3882:
3881:
3879:
3877:
3873:
3867:
3864:
3862:
3859:
3856:
3855:
3852:
3849:
3847:
3844:
3841:
3840:
3838:
3836:
3835:IFNGR (γ, II)
3832:
3826:
3823:
3820:
3819:
3816:
3813:
3811:
3808:
3806:
3803:
3801:
3798:
3796:
3793:
3790:
3789:
3786:
3783:
3781:
3778:
3776:
3773:
3771:
3768:
3766:
3763:
3761:
3758:
3755:
3751:
3747:
3744:
3742:
3739:
3737:
3734:
3732:
3729:
3727:
3724:
3722:
3719:
3716:
3712:
3708:
3704:
3700:
3696:
3692:
3688:
3684:
3680:
3676:
3672:
3668:
3664:
3661:
3659:
3656:
3654:
3653:Albinterferon
3651:
3648:
3647:
3645:
3643:
3639:
3636:
3634:
3630:
3620:
3617:
3615:
3612:
3610:
3607:
3605:
3602:
3600:
3597:
3594:
3593:
3591:
3589:
3585:
3578:
3574:
3573:
3571:
3569:
3565:
3559:
3556:
3553:
3552:
3549:
3546:
3544:
3541:
3539:
3536:
3534:
3531:
3529:
3526:
3523:
3522:
3520:
3518:
3514:
3508:
3505:
3503:
3500:
3498:
3495:
3492:
3491:
3488:
3485:
3483:
3480:
3478:
3475:
3473:
3470:
3468:
3465:
3463:
3460:
3457:
3456:
3454:
3452:
3451:GM-CSF (CSF2)
3448:
3442:
3439:
3437:
3436:Pegfilgrastim
3434:
3432:
3429:
3427:
3424:
3422:
3419:
3417:
3414:
3412:
3409:
3407:
3404:
3401:
3400:
3398:
3396:
3392:
3386:
3383:
3381:
3378:
3376:
3373:
3371:
3368:
3366:
3363:
3361:
3358:
3356:
3355:Epoetin theta
3353:
3351:
3350:Epoetin omega
3348:
3346:
3345:Epoetin kappa
3343:
3341:
3340:Epoetin gamma
3338:
3336:
3333:
3331:
3330:Epoetin delta
3328:
3326:
3323:
3321:
3318:
3316:
3313:
3311:
3308:
3306:
3303:
3301:
3298:
3296:
3293:
3290:
3289:
3287:
3285:
3281:
3278:
3276:
3272:
3265:
3261:
3260:
3258:
3256:
3252:
3248:
3245:
3238:
3233:
3231:
3226:
3224:
3219:
3218:
3215:
3203:
3200:
3199:
3197:
3195:
3191:
3185:
3182:
3181:
3179:
3177:
3173:
3167:
3164:
3162:
3159:
3156:
3152:
3151:
3149:
3147:
3143:
3137:
3136:Interleukin 3
3134:
3133:
3131:
3129:
3125:
3121:
3114:
3109:
3107:
3102:
3100:
3095:
3094:
3091:
3077:
3071:
3066:
3062:
3056:
3051:
3047:
3038:
3033:
3031:
3026:
3024:
3019:
3018:
3015:
3008:
3004:
3003:
2998:
2994:
2990:
2987:
2983:
2980:
2978:
2975:
2973:
2970:
2969:
2965:
2957:
2953:
2948:
2943:
2938:
2933:
2929:
2925:
2921:
2914:
2911:
2906:
2902:
2897:
2892:
2887:
2882:
2878:
2874:
2870:
2863:
2860:
2855:
2851:
2846:
2841:
2836:
2831:
2827:
2823:
2819:
2812:
2810:
2808:
2804:
2799:
2795:
2790:
2785:
2781:
2777:
2773:
2769:
2765:
2758:
2755:
2750:
2746:
2742:
2738:
2734:
2730:
2722:
2719:
2714:
2710:
2706:
2702:
2698:
2694:
2691:(3): 313–35.
2690:
2686:
2679:
2676:
2671:
2667:
2662:
2657:
2653:
2649:
2645:
2638:
2635:
2622:
2615:
2612:
2599:
2593:
2590:
2582:
2576:
2573:
2568:
2562:
2559:
2554:
2550:
2546:
2542:
2538:
2534:
2531:(5): 348–56.
2530:
2526:
2518:
2515:
2504:on 2016-08-25
2500:
2496:
2489:
2482:
2479:
2467:. AdisInsight
2466:
2460:
2457:
2452:
2448:
2444:
2440:
2436:
2432:
2425:
2418:
2415:
2410:
2404:
2401:
2396:
2392:
2387:
2382:
2378:
2374:
2370:
2366:
2362:
2355:
2352:
2347:
2343:
2339:
2335:
2331:
2327:
2320:
2317:
2312:
2308:
2303:
2298:
2294:
2290:
2286:
2282:
2278:
2271:
2268:
2263:
2259:
2255:
2251:
2246:
2241:
2237:
2233:
2229:
2222:
2219:
2214:
2210:
2205:
2200:
2196:
2192:
2188:
2181:
2178:
2173:
2169:
2165:
2161:
2157:
2153:
2149:
2145:
2137:
2134:
2129:
2125:
2120:
2115:
2111:
2107:
2103:
2096:
2093:
2088:
2084:
2078:
2075:
2070:
2066:
2060:
2057:
2053:
2049:
2044:
2042:
2040:
2036:
2032:
2028:
2023:
2021:
2019:
2015:
2009:
2004:
2000:
1997:(Neulasta, a
1996:
1995:Pegfilgrastim
1993:
1991:
1988:
1986:
1983:
1980:
1976:
1973:
1971:
1968:
1967:
1963:
1961:
1959:
1955:
1951:
1944:
1942:
1940:
1936:
1932:
1929:
1925:
1921:
1917:
1913:
1909:
1904:
1902:
1898:
1894:
1890:
1886:
1882:
1874:
1872:
1870:
1866:
1861:
1859:
1855:
1851:
1846:
1842:
1840:
1836:
1832:
1828:
1823:
1820:
1816:
1812:
1808:
1804:
1796:
1794:
1789:Glycosylation
1788:
1786:
1784:
1780:
1776:
1772:
1768:
1764:
1760:
1759:interleukin 3
1752:
1750:
1748:
1743:
1741:
1737:
1733:
1728:
1725:
1723:
1719:
1716:
1712:
1708:
1704:
1700:
1696:
1692:
1688:
1684:
1680:
1676:
1675:growth factor
1673:
1669:
1665:
1662:
1654:
1652:
1650:
1646:
1642:
1637:
1635:
1631:
1627:
1623:
1619:
1615:
1611:
1607:
1603:
1599:
1595:
1592:
1588:
1584:
1580:
1570:
1563:
1557:
1546:
1544:
1540:
1507:
1505:
1501:
1496:
1489:
1488:
1486:
1484:
1480:
1473:
1469:
1468:
1466:
1464:
1460:
1453:
1449:
1448:
1446:
1444:
1440:
1431:
1427:
1420:
1415:
1407:
1402:
1399:
1398:
1396:
1394:
1390:
1387:Clinical data
1385:
1381:
1376:
1360:
1357:
1355:
1351:
1348:
1344:
1340:
1337:
1335:
1331:
1327:
1323:
1320:
1317:
1313:
1308:
1304:
1301:
1297:
1293:
1290:
1288:
1284:
1281:
1278:
1276:
1272:
1269:
1266:
1264:
1260:
1257:
1254:
1251:
1247:
1244:
1241:
1239:
1235:
1231:
1227:
1222:
1217:
1211:
1206:
1201:
1190:
1185:
1181:
1177:
1174:
1170:
1163:
1161:
1158:
1154:
1150:
1146:
1143:
1139:
1135:
1128:
1126:
1120:
1116:
1113:
1107:
1105:
1099:
1095:
1092:
1088:
1081:
1079:
1073:
1069:
1066:
1060:
1058:
1052:
1048:
1045:
1043:RefSeq (mRNA)
1041:
1034:
1033:
1028:
1024:
1021:
1015:
1014:
1009:
1005:
1002:
1000:
996:
989:
988:
983:
979:
976:
970:
969:
964:
960:
957:
955:
951:
944:
943:
938:
934:
931:
925:
924:
919:
915:
912:
910:
906:
903:
900:
898:
895:
891:
888:
884:
880:
873:
869:
864:
858:
855:
853:
850:
848:
845:
843:
840:
838:
835:
833:
830:
828:
825:
823:
820:
818:
815:
813:
810:
808:
805:
803:
800:
798:
795:
793:
790:
788:
785:
783:
780:
778:
775:
773:
770:
768:
765:
763:
760:
758:
755:
753:
750:
748:
745:
743:
740:
738:
735:
733:
730:
728:
725:
723:
720:
718:
715:
713:
710:
708:
705:
704:
702:
699:
698:
692:
689:
687:
684:
682:
679:
678:
676:
673:
672:
666:
663:
661:
658:
656:
653:
651:
648:
646:
643:
642:
640:
637:
636:
633:
632:Gene ontology
629:
625:
613:
608:
604:
599:
596:
594:
590:
582:
577:
566:
562:
558:
554:
550:
546:
542:
538:
534:
530:
529:
526:
522:
517:
514:
504:
500:
496:
493:muscle tissue
492:
488:
484:
480:
476:
472:
468:
467:
464:
460:
455:
452:
451:
448:
446:
442:
440:
439:
435:
434:
431:
429:
425:
421:
417:
413:
405:
400:
396:
392:
387:
377:
373:
366:
359:
353:
346:
338:
334:
330:
325:
321:
316:
312:
304:
299:
295:
291:
286:
276:
272:
265:
258:
252:
245:
241:
235:
231:
227:
222:
218:
213:
209:
205:
201:
197:
193:
189:
185:
181:
177:
173:
169:
161:
156:
149:
144:
139:
128:
126:
122:
118:
114:
110:
106:
102:
98:
92:
87:
84:
83:
79:
76:
69:
65:
60:
56:
52:
47:
42:
37:
33:
19:
4259:Lestaurtinib
4250:
4220:
4158:Ritlecitinib
4090:Lestaurtinib
4037:Upadacitinib
3866:Fontolizumab
3857:
3842:
3821:
3810:Rontalizumab
3791:
3649:
3604:Pegacaristim
3595:
3554:
3524:
3517:M-CSF (CSF1)
3497:Mavrilimumab
3493:
3487:Sargramostim
3477:Molgramostim
3462:Ecogramostim
3458:
3431:Nartograstim
3402:
3395:G-CSF (CSF3)
3380:Peginesatide
3360:Epoetin zeta
3325:Epoetin beta
3320:Epoetin alfa
3291:
3075:
3060:
3000:
2927:
2923:
2913:
2876:
2872:
2862:
2825:
2821:
2771:
2767:
2757:
2735:(7): 640–8.
2732:
2728:
2721:
2688:
2684:
2678:
2651:
2647:
2637:
2625:. Retrieved
2614:
2602:. Retrieved
2592:
2575:
2561:
2528:
2524:
2517:
2506:. Retrieved
2499:the original
2494:
2481:
2469:. Retrieved
2459:
2434:
2430:
2417:
2403:
2368:
2364:
2354:
2329:
2325:
2319:
2284:
2280:
2270:
2235:
2231:
2221:
2194:
2190:
2180:
2147:
2143:
2136:
2109:
2105:
2095:
2086:
2077:
2068:
2059:
1948:
1905:
1892:
1878:
1862:
1847:
1843:
1835:sargramostim
1824:
1815:sargramostim
1810:
1809:was made in
1807:molgramostim
1805:technology:
1800:
1792:
1767:5q- syndrome
1756:
1744:
1729:
1726:
1715:inflammatory
1683:granulocytes
1664:glycoprotein
1659:GM-CSF is a
1658:
1638:
1634:molgramostim
1630:sargramostim
1596:secreted by
1594:glycoprotein
1586:
1582:
1578:
1577:
1566:
1560:
1122:
1101:
1075:
1054:
1030:
1011:
985:
966:
940:
921:
901:
896:
722:MAPK cascade
567:carotid body
443:
436:
301:132,076,170
288:132,073,789
163:External IDs
94:
4269:Quizartinib
4264:Midostaurin
4153:Peficitinib
4115:Ruxolitinib
4110:Peficitinib
4065:Baricitinib
4027:Ruxolitinib
4022:Peficitinib
4017:Oclacitinib
4012:Momelotinib
3997:Baricitinib
3992:Abrocitinib
3900:Interleukin
3858:Antibodies:
3815:Sifalimumab
3800:Faralimomab
3795:Anifrolumab
3792:Antibodies:
3614:Romiplostim
3599:Eltrombopag
3568:SCF (c-Kit)
3494:Antibodies:
3482:Regramostim
3416:Lenograstim
3043:PDB gallery
2828:: 225–240.
2627:17 December
2604:12 November
1912:macrophages
1819:regramostim
1703:macrophages
1691:eosinophils
1687:neutrophils
1681:to produce
1649:eosinophils
1618:fibroblasts
1598:macrophages
1554: g·mol
1417:Identifiers
1224:Identifiers
1216:recombinant
501:granulocyte
477:gallbladder
402:54,140,493
389:54,138,097
141:Identifiers
4320:Categories
4254:Emfilermin
4105:Pacritinib
4007:Filgotinib
3973:inhibitors
3861:Emapalumab
3633:Interferon
3558:Agerafenib
3548:Mirimostim
3538:Lanimostim
3472:Milodistim
3421:Leridistim
3406:Filgrastim
3247:modulators
2508:2016-08-29
2150:(1): 774.
2054:, May 2017
2033:, May 2017
2010:References
2003:filgrastim
1990:Lenzilumab
1975:Filgrastim
1901:neutrophil
1747:embryokine
1679:stem cells
1645:neutrophil
1606:mast cells
1543:Molar mass
1483:ChemSpider
1452:83869-56-1
1443:CAS Number
1426:IUPAC name
1322:structures
447:(ortholog)
184:HomoloGene
4331:Cytokines
4279:Sunitinib
4274:Sorafenib
4183:ZM-449829
4173:WHI-P 154
4163:TCS-21311
4100:NSC-33994
4055:Atiprimod
3843:Agonists:
3825:Bifarcept
3650:Agonists:
3596:Agonists:
3528:Cilmostim
3525:Agonists:
3502:Namilumab
3459:Agonists:
3403:Agonists:
3292:Agonists:
3255:Chemokine
2623:. fda.gov
1999:PEGylated
1908:monocytes
1722:infection
1699:monocytes
1695:basophils
1670:—it is a
1661:monomeric
1591:monomeric
1280:PDOC00584
1268:IPR000773
1125:NP_034099
1104:NP_000749
1078:NM_009969
1057:NM_000758
887:Orthologs
192:GeneCards
4178:ZM-39923
4095:NSC-7908
4060:AZD-1480
3951:instead.
3931:instead.
3911:instead.
3887:instead.
3805:MEDI-545
3579:instead.
3507:Otilimab
3310:CNTO-530
3266:instead.
3128:CFU-GEMM
2956:33622974
2905:33692097
2854:33150139
2798:30064991
2749:19590022
2705:23448220
2670:26014293
2553:25424116
2395:19158269
2346:24954585
2311:24138881
2281:Immunity
2262:23972211
2254:23042651
2172:24452892
2164:24264600
2128:10081506
2050:–
2029:–
1964:See also
1939:COVID-19
1897:monocyte
1889:otilimab
1867:, named
1763:T helper
1753:Genetics
1668:cytokine
1655:Function
1622:cytokine
1569:(verify)
1463:DrugBank
1393:ATC code
1339:RCSB PDB
1263:InterPro
1173:Wikidata
866:Sources:
543:duodenum
485:appendix
4310:Biology
4120:SD-1008
3295:ARA-290
3194:CFU-Meg
3007:PDBe-KB
2997:UniProt
2947:8128299
2896:8128298
2845:7605919
2789:6166597
2545:7493686
2471:3 April
2451:9845514
2386:2655614
2302:3841917
2213:2001448
2052:Ensembl
2031:Ensembl
1935:obesity
1928:colitis
1854:Genzyme
1831:Immunex
1797:History
1718:cascade
1639:Unlike
1602:T cells
1589:, is a
1504:Formula
1472:DB00020
1409:)
1403: (
1401:L03AA09
1275:PROSITE
1243:PF01109
999:UniProt
954:Ensembl
893:Species
872:QuickGO
539:jejunum
422:pattern
180:1339752
148:Aliases
4296:Portal
4214:Others
4080:CYT387
4070:CHZ868
3959:Others
3715:IFNA21
3711:IFNA17
3707:IFNA16
3703:IFNA14
3699:IFNA13
3695:IFNA10
3146:CFU-GM
3002:P04141
2988:(MeSH)
2954:
2944:
2930:(56).
2903:
2893:
2852:
2842:
2796:
2786:
2768:Thorax
2747:
2713:169334
2711:
2703:
2668:
2551:
2543:
2449:
2393:
2383:
2344:
2309:
2299:
2260:
2252:
2211:
2170:
2162:
2126:
2001:form
1970:CFU-GM
1937:, and
1931:asthma
1858:Sanofi
1839:Sandoz
1781:, and
1711:immune
1697:) and
1693:, and
1624:. The
1583:GM-CSF
1354:PDBsum
1328:
1318:
1300:SUPFAM
1256:CL0053
1232:GM_CSF
1229:Symbol
1159:search
1157:PubMed
1032:P01587
1013:P04141
909:Entrez
593:BioGPS
559:thymus
551:artery
505:rectum
280:5q31.1
172:138960
18:GM-CSF
3754:IFNB3
3750:IFNB1
3691:IFNA8
3687:IFNA7
3683:IFNA6
3679:IFNA5
3675:IFNA4
3671:IFNA2
3667:IFNA1
3176:CFU-E
2709:S2CID
2584:(PDF)
2549:S2CID
2502:(PDF)
2491:(PDF)
2431:Blood
2427:(PDF)
2258:S2CID
2191:Blood
2168:S2CID
1916:CCL17
1893:block
1736:STAT3
1732:STAT5
1296:SCOPe
1287:SCOP2
942:12981
902:Mouse
897:Human
868:Amigo
563:colon
445:Mouse
438:Human
385:Start
320:Mouse
284:Start
217:Human
4193:TYK2
4135:JAK3
4047:JAK2
3984:JAK1
3949:here
3947:See
3929:here
3927:See
3920:TGFβ
3909:here
3907:See
3885:here
3577:here
3575:See
3264:here
3262:See
3076:2gmf
3061:1csg
2995:for
2952:PMID
2901:PMID
2850:PMID
2794:PMID
2745:PMID
2701:PMID
2666:PMID
2629:2019
2606:2011
2541:PMID
2473:2018
2447:PMID
2391:PMID
2342:PMID
2307:PMID
2250:PMID
2209:PMID
2160:PMID
2124:PMID
1910:and
1899:and
1769:and
1705:and
1632:and
1616:and
1518:1006
1490:none
1347:PDBj
1343:PDBe
1326:ECOD
1316:Pfam
1292:2gmf
1252:clan
1250:Pfam
1238:Pfam
923:1437
428:Bgee
376:Band
337:Chr.
275:Band
234:Chr.
196:CSF2
168:OMIM
155:CSF2
125:4RS1
121:5D72
117:5D71
113:5D70
109:5C7X
105:4NKQ
101:2GMF
97:1CSG
78:RCSB
75:PDBe
44:CSF2
3967:JAK
3940:TNF
3275:CSF
2993:PDB
2942:PMC
2932:doi
2891:PMC
2881:doi
2840:PMC
2830:doi
2784:PMC
2776:doi
2737:doi
2733:180
2693:doi
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