Knowledge (XXG)

General Motors Epsilon platform

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The Epsilon platform is a midsize front-driver promising a 200 percent improvement in rigidity, with aluminum suspension components—MacPherson struts in front and a four-link independent arrangement in the rear, and four-wheel disc brakes. Many of the Epsilon vehicles use the
437:. Since this platform falls squarely in the center of the worldwide automobile market, GM plans to produce a great many Epsilon vehicles with over a dozen variations. As of 2005, it was GM's highest volume worldwide platform. Even after the dissolution of the GM/ 509:
The refreshed 2008 SAAB 9-3 debuted with an advanced version of all-wheel-drive it dubbed XWD, finally giving a definitive answer to rumors about the platform's ability to support AWD, which had been around since the debut of the platform.
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A total of 16 different models have made use of the GM Epsilon platform, some of which remain in production 19 years after the platform debuted.
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When the platform debuted, there was talk of an "Epsilon Wide" derivative, which was supposed to have provided the underpinnings for the
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E2XX is a moderately updated version of Epsilon 2 platform, consistent with other platform revamps, such as the D2XX based on Delta II.
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elsewhere. Vehicles of this platform generally carry the symbol "Z" in the fourth digit of their
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in RĂĽsselsheim, Germany. Many safety features and AWD fitment modifications were done by Saab.
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partnership, both companies retain the rights to continue developing Epsilon-derived models.
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The E2XX platform targets weight reductions and longer wheelbases.
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C1XX is the crossover variant of the E2XX platform, replacing the
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applications. In long wheelbase format, Epsilon II supports
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Cancelled vehicles which would have used this platform:
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Current and announced vehicles built on Epsilon II:
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It is adaptable for 799: 591: 2606: 2603: 2600: 2597: 2594: 2591: 1362:2018–present (since 2020 China only), 1285:Concept vehicles built on Epsilon II: 2609: 2588: 2583: 938:A new version of the Epsilon, dubbed 524:platforms are derived from Epsilon. 7: 2514: 1944:"2014 Chevrolet Malibu Safety Cage" 1863:Sutcliffe, Ashley (12 April 2012). 25: 2523: 2513: 2504: 2503: 1783: 1771: 1740: 1728: 1716: 1704: 1653: 1641: 1591: 1558: 1546: 1534: 1522: 1510: 1498: 1486: 1474: 1462: 1450: 1438: 1426: 1414: 1402: 1390: 1316: 1304: 1273: 1261: 1249: 1237: 1225: 1213: 1201: 1189: 1177: 1165: 1153: 1141: 1129: 1117: 1105: 1093: 910: 898: 886: 874: 862: 850: 838: 826: 814: 802: 726: 714: 702: 690: 678: 666: 654: 642: 630: 618: 606: 594: 2573:platform timeline, 1955–present 1822:"Would You Buy a Chevy Saab?". 1469:Vauxhall Insignia Sports Tourer 1922:Kranz, Rich (April 12, 2005). 1: 1942:Smith, Mike (March 1, 2014). 1457:Vauxhall Insignia Grand Sport 1001:(saloon, hatchback, estate) ( 957:, allowing GM to replace the 1529:Holden Commodore (ZB) Tourer 1433:Opel Insignia Country Tourer 1311:Buick Riviera Concept (2007) 166:Station wagon/Estate/Caravan 1421:Opel Insignia Sports Tourer 1124:Opel Insignia Sports Tourer 3134: 3096: 3091: 3087: 3082: 3075: 3073: 3068: 3059: 3057: 3039: 3034: 3032: 3028: 3023: 3021: 3005: 3003: 2996: 2987: 2985: 2975: 2951: 2949: 2942: 2935: 2933: 2920: 2915: 2909: 2898: 2893: 2878: 2873: 2871: 2867: 2862: 2860: 2856: 2851: 2842: 2829: 2824: 2822: 1837:Meiners, Jens (May 2009). 26: 3064: 3052: 3043: 3012: 2998: 2992: 2980: 2973: 2960: 2956: 2940: 2924: 2913: 2904: 2902: 2891: 2882: 2849: 2844: 2833: 2817: 2578: 2499: 2453: 2116: 2084: 2007: 1998: 1409:Opel Insignia Grand Sport 43: 3118:General Motors platforms 2812: 2809: 2806: 2803: 2800: 2797: 2794: 2791: 2788: 2785: 2782: 2779: 2776: 2773: 2770: 2767: 2764: 2761: 2758: 2755: 2752: 2749: 2746: 2743: 2740: 2737: 2734: 2731: 2728: 2725: 2722: 2719: 2716: 2713: 2710: 2707: 2704: 2701: 2698: 2695: 2692: 2689: 2686: 2683: 2680: 2677: 2674: 2671: 2668: 2665: 2662: 2659: 2656: 2653: 2650: 2647: 2644: 2641: 2638: 2635: 2632: 2629: 2626: 2623: 2620: 2617: 2614: 1619:Vehicles built on C1XX: 1148:Vauxhall Insignia Estate 1826:: 82. December 9, 2002. 1578:Vehicle built on P2XX: 1344:Vehicle built on E2XX: 205:Chevrolet/Holden Malibu 1839:"Spied: 2010 Saab 9-5" 1356:Opel/Vauxhall Insignia 893:Pontiac G6 Convertible 821:Vauxhall Vectra Estate 456:platform replaced the 181:Buick Lacrosse/Alpheon 33:Motor vehicle platform 18:GM Epsilon II platform 1517:Holden Commodore (ZB) 1481:Buick Regal Sportback 1364:Holden Commodore (ZB) 809:Opel Vectra C Caravan 768:Chevrolet Malibu Maxx 733:Chevrolet Malibu Maxx 209:Chevrolet Malibu Maxx 171:Multi-purpose vehicle 89:Compact executive car 2029:Delta (D2XX/PATAC K) 1665:Three-row mid-size: 661:Saab 9-3 Convertible 29:List of GM platforms 2049:Epsilon (E2XX/P2XX) 1184:Holden Insignia VXR 991:Holden Insignia VXR 673:Saab 9-3 SportCombi 550:saloon and liftback 543:saloon and liftback 496:Inline-four engines 464:, and replaced the 427:automobile platform 39:GM Epsilon platform 1875:on 3 December 2012 1845:. 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1758:Buick Enclave 1755: 1754: 1753: 1743: 1738: 1731: 1726: 1723:Holden Acadia 1719: 1714: 1707: 1702: 1698: 1695:2020–present 1694: 1691: 1688:2020–present 1687: 1684: 1683:Buick Enclave 1681:2019–present 1680: 1678: 1677:Holden Acadia 1674: 1672: 1668: 1667: 1666: 1656: 1651: 1644: 1639: 1635: 1632:2019–present 1631: 1629: 1626:2017–present 1625: 1624: 1623: 1620: 1617: 1615: 1611: 1610:Theta Premium 1603: 1594: 1589: 1585: 1581: 1580: 1579: 1576: 1570: 1561: 1556: 1549: 1544: 1537: 1532: 1525: 1520: 1513: 1508: 1501: 1496: 1489: 1484: 1477: 1472: 1465: 1460: 1453: 1448: 1441: 1436: 1429: 1424: 1417: 1412: 1405: 1400: 1393: 1388: 1384: 1381:2023–present 1380: 1378: 1375:2021–present 1374: 1372: 1369:2019–present 1368: 1365: 1361: 1357: 1353: 1351: 1348:2016–present 1347: 1346: 1345: 1339: 1337: 1334: 1328: 1319: 1314: 1307: 1302: 1298: 1294: 1292: 1291:Buick Riviera 1288: 1287: 1286: 1276: 1271: 1264: 1259: 1252: 1247: 1240: 1235: 1228: 1223: 1220:Alpheon EL300 1216: 1211: 1204: 1199: 1192: 1187: 1180: 1175: 1168: 1163: 1156: 1151: 1144: 1139: 1132: 1127: 1120: 1115: 1108: 1103: 1100:Opel Insignia 1096: 1091: 1084: 1080: 1076: 1073: 1069: 1065: 1064: 1063: 1060: 1055: 1051: 1047: 1044: 1040: 1036: 1033: 1029: 1025: 1024: 1023: 1020: 1015: 1011: 1007: 1004: 1000: 996: 992: 988: 984: 983:Opel Insignia 980: 979: 978: 975: 974: 973: 970: 968: 964: 960: 956: 953: 949: 945: 941: 933: 929: 925: 924: 923: 913: 908: 901: 896: 889: 884: 877: 872: 865: 860: 853: 848: 841: 836: 829: 824: 817: 812: 805: 800: 794: 790: 788: 784: 782: 778: 776: 772: 769: 765: 763: 759: 757: 754: 750: 748: 745: 744:Opel Vectra C 741: 740: 738: 737: 729: 724: 717: 712: 705: 700: 693: 688: 681: 676: 669: 664: 657: 652: 645: 640: 633: 628: 625:Holden Vectra 621: 616: 609: 604: 601:Opel Vectra C 597: 592: 586: 582: 580: 576: 574: 570: 568: 564: 562: 558: 556: 555:Holden Vectra 552: 549: 545: 542: 541:Opel Vectra C 538: 537: 535: 534: 533: 527: 525: 523: 520: 519:Theta Premium 516: 511: 507: 505: 501: 498:and both the 497: 494: 488: 486: 482: 478: 473: 471: 467: 463: 459: 455: 447: 445: 442: 440: 436: 432: 428: 425: 422: 418: 414: 406: 403: 399: 396: 392: 391:GM G platform 388: 387:GM W platform 384: 380: 379:GM N platform 377: 373: 368: 361: 360: 356: 353: 352: 348: 346: 342: 341: 337: 335: 333: 329: 326: 325: 321: 318: 317: 313: 311: 308: 307: 303: 300: 299: 295: 293: 290: 289: 285: 283: 281: 277: 276: 274: 272: 268: 263: 260: 257: 253: 250: 246: 242: 238: 234: 230: 226: 222: 218: 217:Opel Insignia 214: 210: 206: 202: 198: 194: 190: 186: 182: 179: 175: 172: 167: 162: 157: 152: 148: 146: 145:Body style(s) 142: 139: 135: 131: 128: 125: 123: 119: 116: 113: 110: 106: 103: 100: 96: 93: 90: 87: 85: 81: 76: 72: 68: 65: 62: 60: 56: 51: 47: 42: 37: 30: 19: 2584: 2455: 2118: 2048: 2009: 1947:. Retrieved 1931:. Retrieved 1927: 1902:. Retrieved 1898: 1889: 1877:. Retrieved 1873:the original 1868: 1858: 1847:. Retrieved 1842: 1832: 1823: 1817: 1803: 1751: 1747:Cadillac XT6 1697:Cadillac XT6 1664: 1648:Cadillac XT5 1628:Cadillac XT5 1621: 1618: 1607: 1577: 1574: 1565:Cadillac GT4 1541:Cadillac XT4 1383:Cadillac GT4 1371:Cadillac XT4 1343: 1335: 1332: 1284: 1268:Cadillac XTS 1068:Cadillac XTS 971: 939: 937: 921: 697:Cadillac BLS 585:Cadillac BLS 531: 512: 508: 506:V6 engines. 504:High Feature 489: 474: 453: 451: 443: 412: 411: 357: 349: 338: 330: 324:High Feature 322: 314: 304: 296: 286: 278: 189:Cadillac XTS 185:Cadillac BLS 156:Sedan/Saloon 130:front engine 73:2002–present 59:Manufacturer 2479:Trucks/SUVs 2382:Trucks/SUVs 2073:Trucks/SUVs 1752:Full-size: 1616:platforms. 1360:Buick Regal 1160:Buick Regal 995:Buick Regal 905:Saturn Aura 833:Opel Signum 793:Saturn Aura 762:Opel Signum 431:Opel Vectra 375:Predecessor 249:Saturn Aura 229:Opel Vectra 225:Opel Signum 221:Buick Regal 151:Convertible 2819:Subcompact 2389:C/K Series 1916:References 1849:2013-05-05 1756:2018–2024 1711:GMC Acadia 1675:2018–2020 1671:GMC Acadia 1669:2017–2023 1582:2017–2023 1354:2017–2022 1077:2014–2019 1066:2012–2019 1048:2012–2019 1037:2010–2012 1030:/Alpheon ( 1026:2010–2016 1008:2012–2016 981:2008–2017 955:Large Cars 940:Epsilon II 934:Epsilon II 917:Fiat Croma 869:Pontiac G6 791:2007–2010 787:Fiat Croma 785:2005–2011 781:Pontiac G6 779:2005–2010 773:2008–2012 766:2004–2007 760:2003–2008 751:2002–2009 742:2002–2009 583:2006–2009 577:2004–2007 571:2010–2012 565:2003–2011 559:2002–2009 553:2002–2009 546:2002–2009 539:2002–2009 500:High Value 485:W platform 458:N platform 370:Chronology 316:High Value 265:Powertrain 233:Pontiac G6 213:Fiat Croma 127:Transverse 70:Production 3045:Full-size 3014:Full-size 1992:platforms 1933:April 12, 1879:2 October 1796:Footnotes 1366:2018–2020 1232:Roewe 950 1050:Roewe 950 770:hatchback 739:Extended 685:Saab 9-3X 522:crossover 433:and 2003 401:Successor 271:Engine(s) 237:Roewe 950 109:Large car 3112:Category 2962:Mid-size 2926:Mid-size 2509:Category 1949:March 1, 1928:AutoWeek 1904:16 April 1340:Vehicles 1280:Saab 9-5 1039:Saab 9-5 649:Saab 9-3 573:Saab 9-5 567:Saab 9-3 536:Regular 528:Vehicles 481:Saab 9-5 448:Features 435:Saab 9-3 421:mid-size 405:GM VSS-F 351:Family B 340:Multijet 245:Saab 9-5 241:Saab 9-3 177:Vehicles 115:platform 105:platform 99:Mid-size 95:platform 53:Overview 2944:Epsilon 2884:Compact 2835:Compact 2519:Commons 2418:530/560 2402:345/745 2398:325/330 2291:Premium 2119:Retired 2001:Marques 1899:Autocar 1692:(China) 1685:(China) 756:Caravan 747:Caravan 460:in the 454:Epsilon 413:Epsilon 255:Related 169:5-door 164:5-door 159:5-door 154:4-door 149:2-door 2610:2020s 2607:2010s 2604:2000s 2601:1990s 2598:1980s 2595:1970s 2592:1960s 2589:1950s 2456:Future 2440:Lambda 2205:GM4200 2200:GM2900 1824:Forbes 1614:Lambda 1083:EL LWB 1072:EL LWB 1062:EL LWB 1054:SL LWB 1043:SL LWB 1032:SL LWB 1022:SL LWB 952:US EPA 515:Lambda 493:Ecotec 306:GM 54° 288:Ecotec 122:Layout 3077:Omega 3007:Alpha 2989:Sigma 2966:rear- 2491:VSS-T 2486:VSS-S 2470:VSS-R 2445:Theta 2311:Sigma 2248:Kappa 2059:Omega 2054:Alpha 2044:VSS-F 2024:Gamma 1295:2007 1289:2007 944:front 928:Buick 452:GM's 84:Class 3061:Zeta 2585:Type 2529:List 2463:Cars 2434:K2XX 2373:Zeta 2306:SCCS 2152:BEV2 2126:Cars 2102:T1XX 2094:31XX 2085:C1XX 2034:BEV3 2017:Cars 1951:2014 1935:2005 1906:2021 1881:2012 1612:and 1604:C1XX 1571:P2XX 1329:E2XX 967:Opel 961:and 946:and 517:and 513:The 502:and 479:and 470:VINs 439:Fiat 359:Dmax 343:I4, 2968:or 2430:900 2426:800 2422:600 2414:400 2410:360 2406:355 2394:GMT 2357:RWD 2353:FWD 2338:RWD 2334:FWD 2324:RWD 2320:FWD 2285:FWD 2281:RWD 2266:RWD 2262:FWD 2242:RWD 2238:FWD 2218:RWD 2214:FWD 2194:RWD 2190:FWD 2165:RWD 2161:FWD 2141:RWD 2137:FWD 2098:610 2090:GMT 2080:BT1 2039:GEM 1014:SWB 1003:SWB 977:SWB 415:is 112:(E) 102:(D) 92:(D) 3114:: 3047:, 3016:, 2964:, 2928:, 2886:, 2837:, 2813:1 2807:9 2777:9 2747:9 2717:9 2687:9 2657:9 2627:9 2432:, 2428:, 2424:, 2420:, 2416:, 2412:, 2408:, 2404:, 2400:, 2355:, 2336:, 2322:, 2283:, 2264:, 2240:, 2224:HQ 2216:, 2192:, 2163:, 2139:, 2100:, 2096:, 1926:. 1897:. 1867:. 1841:. 1358:, 997:, 993:, 989:, 985:, 472:. 462:US 419:' 362:V6 354:I4 345:I5 327:V6 319:V6 310:V6 301:I4 292:I4 132:, 3093:D 3084:C 3070:B 3054:A 3036:G 3025:C 3000:G 2982:G 2977:A 2953:W 2937:A 2917:Z 2906:Y 2895:X 2875:N 2864:J 2853:L 2846:X 2826:T 2810:0 2804:8 2801:7 2798:6 2795:5 2792:4 2789:3 2786:2 2783:1 2780:0 2774:8 2771:7 2768:6 2765:5 2762:4 2759:3 2756:2 2753:1 2750:0 2744:8 2741:7 2738:6 2735:5 2732:4 2729:3 2726:2 2723:1 2720:0 2714:8 2711:7 2708:6 2705:5 2702:4 2699:3 2696:2 2693:1 2690:0 2684:8 2681:7 2678:6 2675:5 2672:4 2669:3 2666:2 2663:1 2660:0 2654:8 2651:7 2648:6 2645:5 2642:4 2639:3 2636:2 2633:1 2630:0 2624:8 2621:7 2618:6 2615:5 2563:e 2556:t 2549:v 2436:) 2396:( 2368:Z 2363:Y 2359:) 2351:( 2349:X 2344:W 2340:) 2332:( 2330:V 2326:) 2318:( 2316:T 2301:S 2296:R 2287:) 2279:( 2277:P 2272:N 2268:) 2260:( 2258:M 2253:L 2244:) 2236:( 2234:K 2229:J 2220:) 2212:( 2210:H 2196:) 2188:( 2186:G 2181:F 2176:E 2171:D 2167:) 2159:( 2157:C 2147:B 2143:) 2135:( 2133:A 2108:U 2104:) 2092:( 2064:Y 1981:e 1974:t 1967:v 1953:. 1937:. 1908:. 1883:. 1852:. 1085:) 1081:( 1074:) 1070:( 1056:) 1052:( 1045:) 1041:( 1034:) 1016:) 1005:) 963:W 959:G 334:: 282:: 219:/ 136:/ 20:)

Index

GM Epsilon II platform
List of GM platforms

Manufacturer
General Motors
Class
Compact executive car
(D)
platform
Mid-size
(D)
platform
Large car
(E)
platform
Layout
Transverse
front engine
front-wheel drive
all-wheel drive
Body style(s)
Convertible
Sedan/Saloon
Hatchback/Liftback
Station wagon/Estate/Caravan
Multi-purpose vehicle
Buick Lacrosse/Alpheon
Cadillac BLS
Cadillac XTS
Chevrolet Classic

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