730:
786:
924:
294:
found, the request of the people will be fulfilled. A golden chain encircles that temple and hangs over the gables of the building. Those who approach see its gleam from afar off because the shrine, which is located on a plain, is encircled by mountains so situated as to give the effect of a theatre. For nine days feasts and sacrifices of this kind are celebrated. Every day they sacrifice one human being in addition to other animals, so that in nine days there are 72 victims which are sacrificed. This sacrifice takes place about the time of the
936:
948:
912:
900:
888:
689:
whatever he himself had buried in the earth. For men of consequence a mound should be raised to their memory, and for all other warriors who had been distinguished for manhood a standing stone; which custom remained long after Odin's time. It was their faith that the higher the smoke arose in the air, the higher he would be raised whose pile it was; and the richer he would be, the more property that was consumed with him.
960:
193:
462:
357:
22:
585:
257:
Also Frey, the regent of the gods, took his abode not far from
Uppsala, where he exchanged for a ghastly and infamous sin-offering the old custom of prayer by sacrifice, which had been used by so many ages and generations. For he paid to the gods abominable offerings, by beginning to slaughter human
280:
Their bodies, moreover, are hanged in a grove which is adjacent to the temple. This grove is so sacred to the people that the separate trees in it are believed to be holy because of the death or putrefaction of the sacrificial victims. There even dogs and horses hang beside human beings. (A certain
776:
Most scholars agree that the mound was either raised for a woman or for a young man and a woman as the remains of a woman and boy were found. Hildebrand reburied most of the remains, so a new excavation will need to be undertaken before the controversy can be settled. What is quite certain is that
688:
Thus he (Odin) established by law that all dead men should be burned, and their belongings laid with them upon the pile, and the ashes be cast into the sea or buried in the earth. Thus, said he, every one will come to
Valhalla with the riches he had with him upon the pile; and he would also enjoy
275:
A general festival for all the provinces of Sweden is customarily held at
Uppsala every nine years. Participation in this festival is required of everyone. Kings and their subjects, collectively and individually, send their gifts to Uppsala; and – a thing more cruel than any punishment – those who
293:
Near that temple is a very large tree with widespread branches which are always green both in winter and summer. What kind of tree it is nobody knows. There is also a spring there where the pagan are accustomed to perform sacrifices and to immerse a human being alive. As long as his body is not
245:
Frey took the kingdom after Njord, and was called drot by the Swedes, and they paid taxes to him. He was, like his father, fortunate in friends and in good seasons. Frey built a great temple at
Uppsala, made it his chief seat, and gave it all his taxes, his land, and goods. Then began the Upsal
216:
At this time there was one Odin, who was credited over all Europe with the honour, which was false, of godhead, but used more continually to sojourn at
Uppsala; and in this spot, either from the sloth of the inhabitants or from its own pleasantness, he vouchsafed to dwell with somewhat especial
676:
They are dated to the 5th and 6th centuries. As Sweden's oldest national symbols they are even depicted on the covers of books about the
Swedish national identity. In the 6th century, Gamla Uppsala was the location of royal burials. The location was chosen carefully and in order to make them
72:
As early as the 3rd century AD and the 4th century AD and onwards, it was an important religious, economic and political centre. Early written sources show that already during prehistory, Gamla
Uppsala was widely famous in Northern Europe as the residence of Swedish kings of the legendary
797:
In the western mound were found the remains of a man and animals, probably for food during the journey. The remains of a warrior's equipment were found. Luxurious weapons and other objects, both domestic and imported, show that the buried man was very powerful. These remains include a
443:
Its great importance in
Swedish tradition led to the location of Sweden's first Archbishopric in Gamla Uppsala in 1164. In practice, however, it had lost its strategic importance when it gradually lost ready access to navigable waters as the land rose owing to the constant
270:
At this point I shall say a few words about the religious beliefs of the Swedes. That nation has a magnificent temple, which is called
Uppsala, located not far from the city of Sigtuna. In this temple, built entirely of gold, the people worship the statues of three
281:
Christian told me that he had seen seventy-two of their bodies hanging up together.) The incantations, however, which are usually sung in the performance of a libation of this kind are numerous and disgraceful, and it is better not to speak of them.
1239:: During the Middle Ages, G. was the largest village of Uppland, whose eastern part originally should have been the core of the so-called Uppsala öd, the complex of estates of the Crown, and whose western part consisted of the royal estate itself.
737:
The excavation was complex and generated a lot of publicity. A 25-metre-long (82 ft) tunnel was dug into the mound, where they found a pot of clay filled with burnt bones and around it there were the remains of the charred grave offerings.
522:
People have been buried in Gamla
Uppsala for 2,000 years, since the area rose above water. Originally there were between 2,000 and 3,000 mounds in the area but most have become farmland, gardens and quarries. Today only 250 barrows remain.
276:
have already adopted Christianity buy themselves off from these ceremonies. The sacrifice is as follows: Of every kind of male creature, nine victims are offered. By the blood of these creatures it is the custom to appease the gods.
793:
In 1874, Hildebrand started an excavation of the western mound and opened an enormous shaft right into the cairn in the centre of the mound. Under the cobble stones, there were the charred remains of the funeral fire.
526:
In the parish there are more than 1,000 preserved archaeological remains, but many more have been removed by agriculture. There are cairns of splintered stone that reveal that the area was settled during the
684:
by the consuming force of the fire. The fire could reach temperatures of 1500 °C. The remains were covered with cobblestones and then a layer of gravel and sand and finally a thin layer of turf.
706:
In the 1830s, some scholars claimed that the mounds were pure natural formations and not barrows. This affront to ancient Swedish national symbols could not be accepted by the future Swedish king
741:
Among the most important finds in the eastern mound were many fragments of decorated bronze panels with a dancing warrior carrying a spear. These panels have probably adorned a helmet of the
1230:
Under medeltiden var G. Upplands största by, vars östra del ursprungligen torde ha bildat kärnan i det s.k. Uppsala öd, kronans godskomplex, och vars västra del utgjorde själva kungsgården.
421:. During the 1070s and 1080s there appears to have been a renaissance of Norse religion with the magnificent Temple at Uppsala described in a contested account through an eye-witness by
1077:: Early written sources show that G. as early as pre-historic times was widely famous in the Nordic countries as the residence of the Swedish kings of the legendary Yngling dynasty.
854:
and the porch gave the church its present outer appearance. In the 15th century, vaults were added as well as chalk paintings. Among the medieval wooden sculptures there are three
557:
Under the present church in Gamla Uppsala have been found the remains of one or several large wooden buildings. Some archaeologists believe that they are the remains of the
417:
It is a testimony to the sanctity of the location in the mindset of followers of medieval Norse religion that Gamla Uppsala was the last stronghold of pre-Christian, Norse
1141:: Sweden's king is mentioned as the king at Uppsala in for instance Ynglingatal, the Gutasaga and in the Westrogothic law's appendix on the establishment of the border.
425:. Adam of Bremen relates of the Uppsala of the 1070s and describes it as a pagan cult centre with the enormous Temple at Uppsala containing wooden statues of Odin,
834:
was probably built in the 11th century, but finished in the 12th century. The stone building may have been preceded by a wooden church and probably by the large
1530:
1747:
923:
1737:
1068:
Tidiga skriftliga källor visar att G. redan under forntiden var vittberömt i Norden som säte för sveakungarna av den mytomspunna Ynglingaätten.
1742:
1260:
1254:
1098:
1092:
935:
810:
from the Middle East which were probably part of a casket. The finds show the distant contacts of the people of Uppland in the 6th century.
1757:
110:, the eastern part of which probably originally formed the core of the complex of properties belonging to the Swedish Crown, the so-called
947:
806:. He was dressed in a costly suit made of Frankish cloth with golden threads, and he wore a belt with a sumptuous buckle. There were four
899:
561:, while others hold that comes from an early Christian wooden church. Churches were often built on pre-Christian sacred sites, though.
317:. However, in the absence of any corroborating evidence, Magnus' accounts no longer enjoy widespread acceptance among scholars today.
1762:
1169:
1006:
509:
404:
204:
Medieval Scandinavians held Gamla Uppsala as one of the oldest and most important locations in Scandinavia. The Danish chronicler
862:
911:
887:
1268:
1132:
Svearikets kung omtalas som kungen i Uppsala bl a i Ynglingatal, Gutasagan och Äldre Västgötalagens bihang om gränsdragning.
1106:
487:
483:
382:
378:
1698:
1435:
1389:
717:, the director-general of the National Archives. In 1846, he undertook the excavation of the nine-metres-tall (30 ft)
306:, the Archbishop of Uppsala, asserted that the city was anciently founded by, and named for, an early Swedish king named
959:
785:
1672:
761:, but according to another interpretation, they were part of a belt. The dead was also given several glass beakers, a
472:
367:
1677:
33:(left part) are close to the royal mounds. The building beyond the mounds is the church and to its right is the low
729:
233:
lived in Gamla Uppsala. Freyr is also said to have founded two of the central institutions of Iron Age Sweden, the
1506:
The temple of gold, or church of wood? Ground Radar Surveys at Old Uppsala Church. Magnus Alkarp, Fornvännen 2005
1033:, was from the 3rd and 4th centuries an important economic, religious and political centre in the Mälaren basin .
491:
476:
386:
371:
636:). In the 19th and 20th centuries, they were speculated to hold the remains of three kings of the semi-legendary
155:
would be summoned for warfare during the summer, and all the crews, rowers, commanders and ships were decided.
1192:: Hardly anyone is likely to question the unique position of Gamla Uppsala as the centre of the Swedes anymore
328:
at the royal mounds in Gamla Uppsala, as this was a Norse religion cultic centre, which became Sweden's first
1692:
from Adam of Bremen's Gesta Hammaburgensis ecclesiae pontificum, Book IV, with Facing Latin and English text.
1752:
1155:
Ljungkvist, John (2013), "Monumentaliseringen av Gamla Uppsala", in Sundqvist, Olof; Vikstrand, Per (eds.),
96:
1418:. Vol. Book 3. Translated by Elton, Oliver – via Medieval & Classical Literature Library.
1371:. Vol. Book 1. Translated by Elton, Oliver – via Medieval & Classical Literature Library.
770:
336:
1660:
1575:
1348:
1218:
1056:
847:
754:
714:
445:
197:
38:
1274:
1156:
1112:
1020:, från 200- och 300-talen ett betydande ekonomiskt, religiöst och politiskt centrum i Mälardalen .
122:
1456:
1481:
1542:
1264:
1165:
1102:
1002:
870:
866:
835:
750:
637:
558:
547:
528:
321:
238:
187:
133:, at the end of February or early March. It was held in conjunction with a great fair called
1689:
1625:
1600:
1409:
1385:
1362:
433:
250:
222:
205:
178:
which is densely populated in its southern part, while the northern part consists of farms.
126:
85:
53:
34:
807:
303:
1183:
Knappast någon ifrågasätter väl längre Gamla Uppsalas särställning som svearnas centrum.
878:
874:
543:
422:
325:
263:
147:
142:
138:
26:
1731:
827:
823:
694:
418:
329:
295:
234:
159:
111:
192:
1413:
1366:
1441:
1395:
461:
356:
226:
171:
130:
103:
79:
1331:
984:
742:
661:. Today their geographical locations are used instead and they are called the
656:
551:
536:
437:
1713:
1700:
1546:
877:(1701–1744) was also buried at Gamla Uppsala Church next to his grandfather
831:
762:
758:
625:
196:
A composite model of Gamla Uppsala from throughout history, as exhibited at
21:
584:
440:
was elected, but he was killed by Ingi who could then reclaim his throne.
855:
851:
843:
802:
sword adorned with gold and garnets and a board game with Roman pawns of
681:
532:
91:
212:
himself to have resided in Gamla Uppsala far back in the mists of time:
746:
707:
649:
601:
340:
152:
134:
107:
74:
62:
30:
25:
Gamla Uppsala is an area rich in archaeological remains: seen from the
1312:
1294:
830:(Östra Aros was then renamed Uppsala due to a papal request). The old
799:
757:
helmets). There were also finds of gold which probably had adorned a
710:
and in order to remove any doubt, he decided to start an excavation.
66:
151:
says that it was at this assembly that the king proclaimed that the
803:
784:
728:
613:
230:
175:
114:, of which the western part consisted of the royal estate itself,
1332:
Söderberg, Werner. (1896). "Några studier rörande Disasagan", in
997:
Hadenius, Stig; Nilsson, Torbjörn & Åselius, Gunnar. (1996).
158:
It was not only the Norse cultic centre, it also became Sweden's
839:
766:
609:
605:
604:
located in Gamla Uppsala. According to folklore, the three gods
573:
426:
209:
99:
as the "King at Uppsala". It was the main centre of the Swedes.
564:
Adjacent to the present church there is a plateau of clay, the
642:
455:
350:
721:
with the hope of finding the grave of a Swedish king of old.
572:), on which archaeologists have found the remains of a large
253:
adds that Freyr began the human sacrifices at Gamla Uppsala:
542:
The great grave field south of the Royal Mounds is from the
677:
majestic. The tumuli were constructed on top of the ridge.
436:
was exiled for refusing to perform the sacrifices. Instead
310:(Uppsala = Ubbo's Hall), who would have supposedly reigned
77:
dynasty. In fact, the oldest Scandinavian sources, such as
680:
By burning the dead king and his armour, he was moved to
262:
The sacrifices at the Temple at Uppsala are described by
221:
This tradition was also known by the Icelandic historian
1683:
1559:
129:(general assembly) held from prehistoric times to the
826:
of Sweden prior to 1273, when the seat was moved to
550:. Near the vicarage, a few unburnt graves from the
1657:, Svenska kulturminnen 59, Riksantikvarieämbetet.
324:visited Scandinavia in 1989 and held an open-air
850:and central tower, and with the addition of the
846:of the cathedral were removed, leaving only the
588:The three large "royal mounds" at Gamla Uppsala.
1164:, Swedish Science Press, Uppsala, p. 33,
1091:Thunmark-Nylén, Lena (1995), "Gamla Uppsala",
1394:. Translated by Laing, Samuel. Archived from
8:
531:, but most of the grave fields are from the
490:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
385:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
1678:Archeological information on Gamla Uppsala
1398:on 26 November 2006 – via Northvegr.
873:. Astronomer, physicist and mathematician
174:, a cultivated plain in the valley of the
1680:, by the Swedish National Heritage Board.
1380:
1378:
632:meaning mound or barrow; cognate English
510:Learn how and when to remove this message
432:Sometime in the 1080s the Christian king
405:Learn how and when to remove this message
225:, who, however had Odin reside in nearby
1524:
1522:
1520:
1518:
1516:
1514:
1512:
905:Gamla Uppsala Church from the south-east
858:from the 12th, 13th and 15th centuries.
583:
246:domains, which have remained ever since.
191:
20:
1429:
1427:
1425:
976:
883:
1261:Swedish Museum of National Antiquities
1099:Swedish Museum of National Antiquities
777:the dead belonged to a royal dynasty.
289:, there is an additional description:
789:The 1874 excavation in Gamla Uppsala.
749:(the only foreign examples being the
69:. It had 17,973 inhabitants in 2016.
52:
7:
1673:Virtual tour of Gamla Uppsala Church
733:Helmet fragment from the East Mound.
488:adding citations to reliable sources
383:adding citations to reliable sources
61:) is a parish and a village outside
869:was as well, before being moved to
702:An old controversy and its solution
339:restarted the tradition of holding
1529:Weiss, Daniel (June–August 2017).
893:Gamla Uppsala Church from the west
14:
1748:Romanesque architecture in Sweden
1253:Folin, Nina (2001), "Landsting",
600:) is the name of the three large
16:Village outside Uppsala in Sweden
958:
946:
934:
922:
910:
898:
886:
460:
355:
121:It was also the location of the
106:, it was the largest village of
965:Gamla Uppsala Church bell tower
929:Gamla Uppsala Church altarpiece
1738:Archaeological sites in Sweden
320:It was a symbolic moment when
1:
1743:Germanic archaeological sites
1482:"Spring-Blót at Kungshögarna"
917:Gamla Uppsala Church interior
311:
1437:History of Hamburg's Bishops
1158:Gamla Uppsala i ny belysning
1001:. Centraltryckeriet, Borås.
838:. After a fire in 1240, the
54:[ˈɡâmːlaˈɵ̂pːˌsɑːla]
1758:Viking Age populated places
1630:Svenskt biografiskt lexikon
1605:Svenskt biografiskt lexikon
941:Gamla Uppsala Church pulpit
566:Plateau of the Royal Estate
1781:
1488:(in Swedish). 4 April 2010
185:
1763:Neighbourhoods of Uppsala
953:Gamla Uppsala Church nave
1562:'s Master File Complete
1346:"KG Hammar fick vänta",
166:Geographical description
95:talk of the King of the
1564:(subscription required)
640:and were thus known as
1653:Klingmark, Elisabeth:
1558: – via
1457:"KG Hammar fick vänta"
1317:, in the encyclopedia
1299:, in the encyclopedia
865:was buried here. King
822:) was the seat of the
818:Gamla Uppsala Church (
790:
734:
713:The task was given to
699:
589:
302:The 16th century
300:
283:
260:
248:
219:
201:
170:Gamla Uppsala lies on
42:
1576:"Gamla Uppsala kyrka"
788:
732:
686:
587:
554:have been excavated.
337:Swedish AsatruSociety
291:
268:
255:
243:
214:
195:
24:
1690:Historical Reference
1661:Nationalencyklopedin
1444:on 13 December 2006,
1219:Nationalencyklopedin
1115:on 30 September 2007
1057:Nationalencyklopedin
814:Gamla Uppsala Church
715:Bror Emil Hildebrand
616:would be at rest in
484:improve this section
446:post-glacial rebound
379:improve this section
315: 2300 BCE
182:Religious importance
39:Gamla Uppsala museum
1710: /
1277:on 1 September 2007
985:"Kingdom of Sweden"
820:Gamla Uppsala kyrka
141:celebration called
123:Thing of all Swedes
29:field whose larger
1626:"Magnus N Celsius"
1446:short online text.
1319:Nordisk familjebok
1301:Nordisk familjebok
791:
735:
590:
343:at Gamla Uppsala.
229:, whereas the god
202:
43:
1714:59.897°N 17.629°E
1386:Sturluson, Snorri
1243:
1242:
1199:
1198:
1145:
1144:
1094:Vikingatidens ABC
1081:
1080:
1037:
1036:
999:Sveriges historia
871:Uppsala Cathedral
867:Eric IX of Sweden
836:Temple at Uppsala
781:The western mound
725:The eastern mound
638:House of Ynglings
559:Temple of Uppsala
548:Germanic Iron Age
529:Nordic Bronze Age
520:
519:
512:
419:Germanic kingship
415:
414:
407:
322:Pope John Paul II
239:Temple at Uppsala
188:Temple at Uppsala
1770:
1725:
1724:
1722:
1721:
1720:
1715:
1711:
1708:
1707:
1706:
1703:
1641:
1640:
1638:
1636:
1622:
1616:
1615:
1613:
1611:
1601:"Anders Celsius"
1597:
1591:
1590:
1588:
1586:
1580:svenskakyrkan.se
1572:
1566:
1565:
1557:
1555:
1553:
1526:
1507:
1504:
1498:
1497:
1495:
1493:
1478:
1472:
1471:
1469:
1467:
1453:
1447:
1445:
1440:. Archived from
1434:Adam of Bremen.
1431:
1420:
1419:
1410:Saxo Grammaticus
1406:
1400:
1399:
1382:
1373:
1372:
1363:Saxo Grammaticus
1359:
1353:
1344:
1338:
1329:
1323:
1310:
1304:
1292:
1286:
1285:
1284:
1282:
1273:, archived from
1250:
1244:
1224:
1223:
1206:
1200:
1177:
1176:
1174:
1163:
1152:
1146:
1126:
1125:
1123:
1122:
1120:
1111:, archived from
1088:
1082:
1062:
1061:
1044:
1038:
1011:
1010:
995:
989:
988:
981:
962:
950:
938:
926:
914:
902:
890:
745:type, common in
580:The Royal Mounds
570:Kungsgårdsplatån
515:
508:
504:
501:
495:
464:
456:
410:
403:
399:
396:
390:
359:
351:
316:
313:
251:Saxo Grammaticus
223:Snorri Sturluson
206:Saxo Grammaticus
198:the local museum
97:Swedes (Suiones)
86:Westrogothic law
56:
51:
37:-mound and then
1780:
1779:
1773:
1772:
1771:
1769:
1768:
1767:
1728:
1727:
1718:
1716:
1712:
1709:
1704:
1701:
1699:
1697:
1696:
1669:
1650:
1645:
1644:
1634:
1632:
1624:
1623:
1619:
1609:
1607:
1599:
1598:
1594:
1584:
1582:
1574:
1573:
1569:
1563:
1551:
1549:
1528:
1527:
1510:
1505:
1501:
1491:
1489:
1480:
1479:
1475:
1465:
1463:
1461:Kyrkans Tidning
1455:
1454:
1450:
1433:
1432:
1423:
1408:
1407:
1403:
1384:
1383:
1376:
1361:
1360:
1356:
1349:Kyrkans Tidning
1345:
1341:
1330:
1326:
1311:
1307:
1293:
1289:
1280:
1278:
1271:
1256:Medeltidens ABC
1252:
1251:
1247:
1207:
1203:
1172:
1161:
1154:
1153:
1149:
1118:
1116:
1109:
1090:
1089:
1085:
1045:
1041:
996:
992:
983:
982:
978:
973:
966:
963:
954:
951:
942:
939:
930:
927:
918:
915:
906:
903:
894:
891:
816:
783:
727:
704:
582:
516:
505:
499:
496:
481:
465:
454:
411:
400:
394:
391:
376:
360:
349:
314:
304:Johannes Magnus
277:
272:
190:
184:
168:
139:Norse religious
49:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1778:
1777:
1774:
1766:
1765:
1760:
1755:
1753:Saga locations
1750:
1745:
1740:
1730:
1729:
1719:59.897; 17.629
1694:
1693:
1687:
1686:official site.
1681:
1675:
1668:
1667:External links
1665:
1664:
1663:
1658:
1649:
1646:
1643:
1642:
1617:
1592:
1567:
1531:"Off the grid"
1508:
1499:
1473:
1448:
1421:
1401:
1374:
1354:
1352:, nr 14, 2005.
1339:
1324:
1305:
1287:
1269:
1245:
1241:
1240:
1234:
1231:
1228:
1201:
1197:
1196:
1187:
1184:
1181:
1171:978-9171929846
1170:
1147:
1143:
1142:
1136:
1133:
1130:
1107:
1083:
1079:
1078:
1072:
1069:
1066:
1039:
1035:
1034:
1024:
1021:
1015:
990:
975:
974:
972:
969:
968:
967:
964:
957:
955:
952:
945:
943:
940:
933:
931:
928:
921:
919:
916:
909:
907:
904:
897:
895:
892:
885:
879:Magnus Celsius
875:Anders Celsius
815:
812:
782:
779:
726:
723:
703:
700:
698:
697:
581:
578:
544:Roman Iron Age
518:
517:
468:
466:
459:
453:
450:
423:Adam of Bremen
413:
412:
363:
361:
354:
348:
345:
296:vernal equinox
264:Adam of Bremen
186:Main article:
183:
180:
167:
164:
148:Law of Uppland
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1776:
1775:
1764:
1761:
1759:
1756:
1754:
1751:
1749:
1746:
1744:
1741:
1739:
1736:
1735:
1733:
1726:
1723:
1691:
1688:
1685:
1682:
1679:
1676:
1674:
1671:
1670:
1666:
1662:
1659:
1656:
1655:Gamla Uppsala
1652:
1651:
1647:
1631:
1627:
1621:
1618:
1606:
1602:
1596:
1593:
1581:
1577:
1571:
1568:
1561:
1548:
1544:
1540:
1536:
1532:
1525:
1523:
1521:
1519:
1517:
1515:
1513:
1509:
1503:
1500:
1487:
1483:
1477:
1474:
1462:
1458:
1452:
1449:
1443:
1439:
1438:
1430:
1428:
1426:
1422:
1417:
1416:
1415:Gesta Danorum
1411:
1405:
1402:
1397:
1393:
1392:
1391:Ynglinga Saga
1387:
1381:
1379:
1375:
1370:
1369:
1368:Gesta Danorum
1364:
1358:
1355:
1351:
1350:
1343:
1340:
1337:
1335:
1328:
1325:
1321:
1320:
1316:
1309:
1306:
1303:
1302:
1298:
1291:
1288:
1276:
1272:
1266:
1262:
1258:
1257:
1249:
1246:
1238:
1235:
1232:
1229:
1226:
1225:
1221:
1220:
1215:
1212:, subsection
1211:
1210:Gamla Uppsala
1205:
1202:
1195:
1191:
1188:
1185:
1182:
1179:
1178:
1173:
1167:
1160:
1159:
1151:
1148:
1140:
1137:
1134:
1131:
1128:
1127:
1114:
1110:
1104:
1100:
1096:
1095:
1087:
1084:
1076:
1073:
1070:
1067:
1064:
1063:
1059:
1058:
1053:
1050:, subsection
1049:
1048:Gamla Uppsala
1043:
1040:
1032:
1028:
1025:
1022:
1019:
1016:
1013:
1012:
1008:
1007:91-34-51857-6
1004:
1000:
994:
991:
986:
980:
977:
970:
961:
956:
949:
944:
937:
932:
925:
920:
913:
908:
901:
896:
889:
884:
882:
881:(1621–1679).
880:
876:
872:
868:
864:
859:
857:
853:
849:
845:
841:
837:
833:
829:
825:
824:Archbishopric
821:
813:
811:
809:
805:
801:
795:
787:
780:
778:
774:
772:
768:
764:
760:
756:
755:Staffordshire
752:
748:
744:
739:
731:
724:
722:
720:
719:Eastern mound
716:
711:
709:
701:
696:
695:Ynglinga saga
692:
691:
690:
685:
683:
678:
674:
672:
671:Western Mound
668:
664:
663:Eastern Mound
660:
658:
653:
651:
646:
644:
639:
635:
631:
627:
623:
622:Uppsala högar
619:
615:
611:
607:
603:
599:
595:
586:
579:
577:
575:
571:
567:
562:
560:
555:
553:
549:
545:
540:
538:
534:
530:
524:
514:
511:
503:
493:
489:
485:
479:
478:
474:
469:This section
467:
463:
458:
457:
451:
449:
447:
441:
439:
435:
430:
428:
424:
420:
409:
406:
398:
388:
384:
380:
374:
373:
369:
364:This section
362:
358:
353:
352:
346:
344:
342:
338:
335:In 2000, the
333:
331:
330:archbishopric
327:
323:
318:
309:
305:
299:
297:
290:
288:
282:
278:
273:
267:
265:
259:
254:
252:
247:
242:
240:
236:
232:
228:
224:
218:
213:
211:
207:
199:
194:
189:
181:
179:
177:
173:
165:
163:
161:
160:archbishopric
156:
154:
150:
149:
144:
140:
136:
132:
128:
124:
119:
117:
113:
109:
105:
100:
98:
94:
93:
88:
87:
82:
81:
76:
70:
68:
64:
60:
55:
47:
46:Gamla Uppsala
40:
36:
32:
28:
23:
19:
1695:
1654:
1633:. Retrieved
1629:
1620:
1608:. Retrieved
1604:
1595:
1583:. Retrieved
1579:
1570:
1550:. Retrieved
1538:
1534:
1502:
1490:. Retrieved
1485:
1476:
1464:. Retrieved
1460:
1451:
1442:the original
1436:
1414:
1404:
1396:the original
1390:
1367:
1357:
1347:
1342:
1333:
1327:
1318:
1314:
1313:The article
1308:
1300:
1296:
1295:The article
1290:
1279:, retrieved
1275:the original
1255:
1248:
1236:
1217:
1213:
1209:
1208:The article
1204:
1193:
1189:
1157:
1150:
1138:
1117:, retrieved
1113:the original
1093:
1086:
1074:
1055:
1051:
1047:
1046:The article
1042:
1030:
1026:
1017:
998:
993:
987:. Geo Names.
979:
860:
819:
817:
796:
792:
775:
740:
736:
718:
712:
705:
687:
679:
675:
670:
667:Middle Mound
666:
662:
655:
648:
641:
633:
629:
621:
618:Kungshögarna
617:
598:Kungshögarna
597:
594:Royal Mounds
593:
591:
569:
565:
563:
556:
541:
525:
521:
506:
497:
482:Please help
470:
442:
431:
416:
401:
392:
377:Please help
365:
334:
319:
307:
301:
292:
286:
284:
279:
274:
269:
261:
256:
249:
244:
220:
215:
203:
169:
157:
146:
125:which was a
120:
115:
101:
90:
84:
78:
71:
58:
45:
44:
18:
1717: /
1535:Archaeology
1237:Translation
1190:Translation
1139:Translation
1075:Translation
1027:Translation
861:Archbishop
452:Archaeology
429:and Freyr.
227:Fornsigtuna
176:River Fyris
172:Fyris Wolds
131:Middle Ages
116:kungsgården
104:Middle Ages
102:During the
80:Ynglingatal
59:Old Uppsala
1732:Categories
1705:17°37′44″E
1702:59°53′49″N
1648:References
1635:1 December
1610:1 December
1585:1 December
1297:Disatinget
1270:9151839261
1108:9171929843
856:crucifixes
828:Östra Aros
751:Sutton Hoo
743:Vendel Age
624:(from the
596:(Swedish:
552:Viking Age
537:Viking Age
438:Blot-Sweyn
235:Uppsala öd
217:constancy.
153:fleet levy
112:Uppsala öd
1547:0003-8113
1541:(4): 10.
844:transepts
832:cathedral
763:tafl game
759:scramasax
626:Old Norse
471:does not
366:does not
332:in 1164.
162:in 1164.
1336:. p. 67.
1334:Samlaren
1315:Disablot
1281:9 August
1222:(1992):
1214:Historia
1119:9 August
1060:(1992):
1052:Historia
863:Valerius
852:sacristy
800:Frankish
682:Valhalla
659:'s Mound
652:'s Mound
645:'s Mound
546:and the
535:and the
533:Iron Age
500:May 2024
395:May 2024
258:victims.
237:and the
143:Dísablót
137:, and a
92:Gutasaga
89:and the
50:Swedish:
1684:Uppsala
1492:4 April
1233:
1227:
1186:
1180:
1135:
1129:
1065:
1031:Uppsala
1023:
1018:Uppsala
1014:
1009:p. 83:
747:Uppland
708:Karl XV
602:barrows
492:removed
477:sources
387:removed
372:sources
347:History
285:In the
135:Disting
108:Uppland
75:Yngling
63:Uppsala
1552:2 July
1545:
1486:Unt.se
1466:14 May
1267:
1168:
1105:
1071:&
1005:
808:cameos
769:and a
287:scolia
145:. The
83:, the
67:Sweden
31:mounds
1560:EBSCO
1216:, in
1162:(PDF)
1054:, in
971:Notes
848:choir
804:ivory
650:Adils
630:Haugr
628:word
614:Freyr
341:blóts
271:gods.
231:Freyr
208:held
127:thing
27:grave
1637:2019
1612:2019
1587:2019
1554:2017
1543:ISSN
1494:2010
1468:2005
1283:2007
1265:ISBN
1166:ISBN
1121:2007
1103:ISBN
1003:ISBN
842:and
840:nave
771:hone
767:comb
765:, a
753:and
669:and
657:Egil
654:and
634:Howe
612:and
610:Odin
606:Thor
592:The
574:hall
475:any
473:cite
434:Ingi
427:Thor
370:any
368:cite
326:mass
308:Ubbo
210:Odin
35:Ting
643:Aun
620:or
486:by
381:by
65:in
1734::
1628:.
1603:.
1578:.
1539:70
1537:.
1533:.
1511:^
1484:.
1459:.
1424:^
1412:.
1388:.
1377:^
1365:.
1263:,
1259:,
1175::
1124::
1101:,
1097:,
1029::
773:.
673:.
665:,
647:,
608:,
576:.
539:.
448:.
312:c.
266::
241::
118:.
57:,
1639:.
1614:.
1589:.
1556:.
1496:.
1470:.
1322:.
1194:.
693:—
568:(
513:)
507:(
502:)
498:(
494:.
480:.
408:)
402:(
397:)
393:(
389:.
375:.
298:.
200:.
48:(
41:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
