342:
56:
49:
1540:
29:
177:
307:
The next bishop was Árni, from 1315 to 1347. Due to poor communication between
Greenland and Norway, it was assumed that he had died and a new bishop (Jón Skalli) was ordained in 1343. When it was discovered that bishop Árni was still alive, Skalli resigned and never went to Greenland. Jon Skalli
597:
Many Norse settlement ruins remain visible in
Igaliku. The ruins mostly consist of the stone foundations of the walls in their original positions so that the extent of the settlement, both individual buildings and collectively, can be determined and understood. The main ruin is of the
582:
is situated on the same geographic location. The site has been the subject of archaeological investigations since the 1830s. The cathedral was the primary target of much of the archaeological work and was fully excavated in 1926 by Danish archaeologist
688:
2074:
1202:
602:, a cross-shaped church built of sandstone in the 12th century. The maximum length is 27 m, the width 16 m. Two large barns are on the site, able to have held up to 160 cows.
652:
301:Ólafr was ordained in the same year, arriving in 1247. He remained bishop until the mid-1280s. He was abroad from 1264 to 1280, thus hardly serving in his own diocese.
2069:
745:
1195:
696:
567:
482:
Although the diocese had ceased to function, 'full' bishops were nominated to the see until 1537, apparently none of whom ever visited the diocese:
2064:
91:
851:
48:
1188:
721:
311:
After Árni's death in 1347 there was a 19-year vacancy period. Norwegian cleric Ivar
Bardsson served as principal during the interim period.
611:
128:
1089:
1075:
777:
506:
288:
The third bishop was Jón Árnason (nicknamed Smyril). He took office in 1189. In 1202–1203 he went on a pilgrimage to Rome and met
1024:
1900:
1130:
Palaeoecological and historical evidence for manuring and irrigation at Garðar (Igaliku), Norse
Eastern Settlement, Greenland
1104:
905:"American Journeys Background on Papal Letters Concerning the Bishophric of Gardar in Greenland during the Fifteenth Century"
663:
34:
2079:
932:
The discoveries of the
Norsemen in America : with special relation to their early cartographical representation
539:(O.S.B.) (9 July 1492 – ?). He had desired to reach Gardar in person, but there is no indication he ever did.
1929:
599:
228:
341:
251:
314:
Bishop Álfr was ordained in 1365 and served as the last effectively residential bishop of Garðar until 1378.
243:
239:
1143:(archeology master thesis in Danish). Aarhus University: Afdeling for Middelalder- og Renæssancearkæologi.
1976:
1965:
1913:
278:
759:
594:(1888–1951). Nørlund made several scientific studies in Greenland starting in 1921 and ending in 1932.
510:
1715:
292:. He died in Garðar in 1209 and was buried there, most likely in the Northern Chapel of the cathedral.
1921:
1816:
1811:
1806:
1801:
859:
559:
1993:
1748:
1057:
631:
247:
1988:
584:
1592:
1566:
1446:
1220:
991:
833:
739:
626:
616:
345:
Crosier and episcopal ring of a 13th-century
Greenlandic bishop, probably Óláfr (1247–1280)
250:(present-day Sweden) from 1126 to 1152. Arnaldur returned to Norway in 1150 and became bishop of
224:
160:
1163:
555:
of Gardar (Curiate
Italian) / Garðar (Norsk bokmål Norwegian) / Garden(sis) (Latin adjective).
317:
The
Greenland diocese disappeared in the 15th century, when ships from Norway stopped arriving.
2084:
1669:
1635:
1552:
1423:
1268:
1159:
1144:
1110:
1100:
1085:
1071:
983:
935:. Robarts - University of Toronto. London : H. Stevens, Son & Stiles. pp. 49–51.
825:
727:
717:
621:
552:
536:
329:
325:
289:
304:
The next bishop was Þórdr, who stayed in Garðar from 1289 until his return to Norway in 1309.
2043:
1937:
1778:
1773:
1753:
1514:
1441:
1099:. SILA-The Greenland Research Centre at the Danish National Museum and Danish Polar Center.
1012:
713:
Continental ambitions : Roman
Catholics in North America : the Colonial experience
563:
295:
The next bishop, Helgi, arrived in
Greenland in 1212 and was bishop until his death in 1230.
1605:
778:"Land management at the bishop's seat, Garðar, medieval Greenland | Antiquity Journal"
152:
1839:
1826:
1783:
1763:
1758:
1725:
1720:
1685:
1658:
1323:
1273:
1250:
529:
321:
1498:
785:
1008:
904:
2015:
1768:
1743:
1710:
1705:
1379:
266:
589:
2058:
1969:
1888:
1524:
1318:
1062:
1032:
930:
270:
946:
2035:
1908:
1856:
1834:
493:
232:
202:
159:
for Greenland in the early 12th century and got the approval of the Norwegian King
1625:
1402:
1313:
1171:
Da Grønland fik sit første bispesæde: Glimt fra nordboriget i det 12. århundrede
298:
In 1234, Nikulás was ordained. He arrived in Greenland in 1239. He died in 1242.
262:
132:
1180:
1867:
1579:
1389:
1353:
1343:
1328:
1308:
1293:
987:
829:
731:
106:
93:
2025:
1952:
1942:
1539:
1488:
1480:
1361:
1283:
1237:
1114:
282:
274:
191:
79:
1610:
227:
in 1124. He arrived in Greenland in 1126. He began the construction of the
1148:
711:
2020:
1981:
1960:
1875:
1793:
1519:
1464:
1451:
1410:
1397:
1303:
1278:
1245:
187:
136:
75:
995:
971:
882:
837:
813:
28:
1620:
1493:
1472:
1436:
1371:
1333:
1288:
579:
258:
372:
1112–1121 (Served in Greenland prior to the establishment of the see)
1431:
1415:
1338:
156:
1735:
1697:
1255:
509:(C.R.S.A.) (circa 1 October 1431 – 19 March 1432), next bishop of
340:
285:). The second bishop was Jón Knútr, who served from 1153 to 1186.
163:'the Crusader' (1103–1130). Most of the clergy came from Norway.
1298:
1263:
148:
1184:
929:
Fischer, Joseph; Soulsby, Basil H. (Basil Harrington) (1903).
320:
News of the diocese has been reported in two letters by popes
170:
814:"The Church in North America (Greenland) in the Middle Ages"
689:"Why Do We Celebrate Columbus Day and Not Leif Erikson Day?"
519:
Bartholomeus de Sancto Hyppolito, O.P. (1433 – death 1440)
223:
The first bishop of Garðar, Arnaldur, was ordained by the
535:
Mathias Canuto (Matthias Knutsson), a Danish monk of the
135:, and was the first Catholic diocese established in the
1097:
Norse ruins of the Southern Paamiut and Ivittuut region
198:
516:
Johannes Erles de Moys, O.F.M. (12 July 1432 – ?)
332:
J. C. Heywood in 1893 in Rome and republished in 1903.
1156:
Grønlandsgåten. Kampen om Grønland. Levende Historie
551:
In 1996, the diocese was nominally restored as Latin
2034:
2008:
1951:
1899:
1884:
1852:
1825:
1792:
1734:
1696:
1681:
1654:
1634:
1591:
1565:
1548:
1507:
1463:
1388:
1370:
1352:
1236:
1216:
85:
71:
1058:Grønland i middelalderen fra landnam til undergang
151:tell that Sokki Þórisson, a wealthy farmer of the
1082:Collapse: How Societies Choose to Fail or Succeed
2075:Populated places established in the 10th century
655:Eastern Settlement at Garðar (Igaliku), Greenlan
277:to the newly established Norwegian Metropolitan
502:Robertus Ryngman, O.F.M. (30 May 1425 – ?)
1196:
513:(Denmark) (1432.03.19 – ? not possessed)
8:
542:Vincenz Kampe, O.F.M. (20 June 1519 – 1537).
21:
257:In 1152, this diocese, as well as those of
1896:
1693:
1562:
1233:
1203:
1189:
1181:
1029:(The Norse History of Greenland 982-1500)"
744:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
27:
20:
55:
1141:Det norrøne bispesæde i Gardar, Grønland
348:
644:
2070:Catholic titular sees in North America
737:
578:Currently, the previous settlement of
532:(O.P.) (16 June 1481 – ? deposed)
238:The diocese was first assigned to the
155:area, launched the idea of a separate
496:(O.F.M.) (27 March 1411 – death 1421)
7:
947:"Liutprand - Associazione culturale"
807:
805:
803:
801:
799:
797:
795:
612:List of Catholic dioceses in Denmark
1139:Høegsberg, Mogens Skaaning (2005).
760:"Gardar, Greenland : Bishops"
229:cathedral dedicated to St Nicholas
127:was the seat of the bishop in the
14:
1009:Grönlands historiske mindesmærker
695:. 11 October 2015. Archived from
507:Canons Regular of Saint Augustine
246:. The diocese was subject to the
63:Location of the site in Greenland
1538:
1128:Buckland, Paul C. m.fl. (2009).
175:
54:
47:
852:"History of Medieval Greenland"
2065:Norse settlements in Greenland
976:The Catholic Historical Review
972:"The Medieval American Church"
818:The Catholic Historical Review
190:format but may read better as
129:Norse settlements in Greenland
1:
1095:Albrethsen, Svend E. (2004).
1084:, pg.232; Viking Press, 2005
570:(16 January 2001 – present).
1211:Abandoned sites in Greenland
1070:(Gyldendal København, 2005)
812:Larson, Laurence M. (1919).
486:Henricus (mentioned in 1386)
885:. Norsk biografisk leksikon
337:List of residential bishops
242:of the German Metropolitan
2101:
1052:Sources and external links
1535:
1169:Plovgaard, Karen (1963).
883:"Ivar Bårdsson, Geistlig"
131:. It is a Latin Catholic
107:60.9871000°N 45.4229000°W
42:
26:
558:Its single incumbent is
856:www.personal.utulsa.edu
522:Gregorius (1440 – 1450)
489:Bertholdus (circa 1407)
244:Archbishopric of Bremen
240:ecclesiastical province
199:converting this section
112:60.9871000; -45.4229000
1508:outside municipalities
1177:(Danish) (12): 463–469
764:www.servinghistory.com
346:
279:Archdiocese of Nidaros
33:Harvesting the hay in
1643:Farm ruins discovered
1175:Tidsskriftet Grønland
1068:Grønlands Forhistorie
710:Starr, Kevin (2016).
344:
308:never visited Garðar.
1154:Mitlid, Åke (2006).
982:(2): 210–227. 1917.
909:americanjourneys.org
669:on 24 September 2015
657:(The Holocene 2009)"
560:Edward William Clark
471:1368–1377 (or 1378)
460:1315–1347 (or 1348)
350:Residential bishops
328:, first compiled by
16:Catholic Titular See
1672:(Kangerluarsoruseq)
881:Magnus Stefansson.
632:Bishop of Greenland
399:Jón smyrill Árnason
351:
248:Archdiocese of Lund
103: /
23:
2080:Ruins in Greenland
1424:Kangerluarsoruseq
1080:Diamond, Jared M.
862:on 16 October 2009
627:Eastern Settlement
617:Western Settlement
511:Diocese of Børglum
505:Gobelinus Volant,
394:(After 1150)–1187
349:
347:
225:Archbishop of Lund
201:, if appropriate.
161:Sigurd I Magnusson
2052:
2051:
2009:Polar exploration
2004:
2003:
1848:
1847:
1650:
1649:
1636:Middle Settlement
1553:Greenlandic Norse
1533:
1532:
723:978-1-62164-118-6
716:. San Francisco.
634:(Lutheran Bishop)
622:Middle Settlement
553:titular bishopric
537:Benedictine Order
475:
474:
330:papal chamberlain
290:Pope Innocent III
254:(Norway) in 1152.
220:
219:
122:
121:
2092:
2044:Deltaterrasserne
1997:
1985:
1973:
1933:
1925:
1917:
1897:
1871:
1779:Bluie West Eight
1774:Bluie West Seven
1754:Bluie West Three
1716:Bluie East Three
1694:
1673:
1670:Føroyingahavnin
1598:
1597:
1583:
1572:
1571:
1563:
1556:Norsemen/Vikings
1543:
1542:
1515:Clavering Island
1484:
1476:
1455:
1427:
1419:
1406:
1259:
1234:
1205:
1198:
1191:
1182:
1158:. 4 (6): 16–19.
1118:
1045:
1044:
1042:
1040:
1035:on 4 August 2017
1031:. Archived from
1021:
1015:
1013:Internet Archive
1006:
1000:
999:
968:
962:
961:
959:
957:
951:www.liutprand.it
943:
937:
936:
926:
920:
919:
917:
915:
901:
895:
894:
892:
890:
878:
872:
871:
869:
867:
858:. Archived from
848:
842:
841:
824:(2/3): 175–194.
809:
790:
789:
788:on 21 June 2011.
784:. Archived from
774:
768:
767:
756:
750:
749:
743:
735:
707:
701:
700:
699:on 1 March 2021.
685:
679:
678:
676:
674:
668:
662:. Archived from
661:
649:
600:Garðar Cathedral
593:
564:Auxiliary bishop
492:Jacobus Treppe,
352:
215:
212:
206:
197:You can help by
179:
178:
171:
118:
117:
115:
114:
113:
108:
104:
101:
100:
99:
96:
58:
57:
51:
31:
24:
2100:
2099:
2095:
2094:
2093:
2091:
2090:
2089:
2055:
2054:
2053:
2048:
2030:
2000:
1991:
1979:
1963:
1947:
1931:
1930:Friedrichsthal
1923:
1915:
1893:
1880:
1869:
1861:
1844:
1840:Camp Fistclench
1827:Project Iceworm
1821:
1788:
1784:Bluie West Nine
1764:Bluie West Five
1759:Bluie West Four
1730:
1726:Bluie East Five
1721:Bluie East Four
1690:
1677:
1671:
1663:
1646:
1630:
1595:
1594:
1587:
1581:
1569:
1568:
1559:
1555:
1544:
1537:
1529:
1503:
1482:
1474:
1459:
1453:
1425:
1417:
1404:
1384:
1366:
1348:
1324:Qernertuarssuit
1257:
1251:Appaalissiorfik
1230:
1223:
1212:
1209:
1125:
1123:Further reading
1107:
1094:
1054:
1049:
1048:
1038:
1036:
1023:
1022:
1018:
1007:
1003:
970:
969:
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863:
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811:
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793:
782:antiquity.ac.uk
776:
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736:
724:
709:
708:
704:
687:
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682:
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670:
666:
659:
651:
650:
646:
641:
608:
587:
576:
549:
530:Dominican Order
480:
366:Eiríkr Gnúpsson
339:
216:
210:
207:
196:
180:
176:
169:
145:
111:
109:
105:
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38:
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2023:
2018:
2012:
2010:
2006:
2005:
2002:
2001:
1999:
1998:
1994:Lille Koldewey
1986:
1974:
1957:
1955:
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1935:
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1911:
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1786:
1781:
1776:
1771:
1769:Bluie West Six
1766:
1761:
1756:
1751:
1749:Bluie West Two
1746:
1744:Bluie West One
1740:
1738:
1732:
1731:
1729:
1728:
1723:
1718:
1713:
1711:Bluie East Two
1708:
1706:Bluie East One
1702:
1700:
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1608:
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1600:
1589:
1588:
1586:
1585:
1582:(Kilaarsarfik)
1576:
1574:
1560:
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1557:
1549:
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1545:
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1429:
1421:
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1408:
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1385:
1383:
1382:
1380:Nipisat Island
1376:
1374:
1368:
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1358:
1356:
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1346:
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1291:
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1271:
1269:Comer's Midden
1266:
1261:
1253:
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1231:
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1210:
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1207:
1200:
1193:
1185:
1179:
1178:
1167:
1152:
1137:
1136:pages 105–116.
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1121:
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528:Jacobus Blaa,
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457:1313 (or 1314)
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267:Orkney Islands
255:
236:
218:
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183:
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144:
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120:
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87:
83:
82:
73:
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53:
52:
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45:
44:
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40:
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32:
15:
13:
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3:
2:
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2037:
2033:
2027:
2024:
2022:
2019:
2017:
2014:
2013:
2011:
2007:
1995:
1990:
1987:
1983:
1978:
1975:
1971:
1970:Sabine Island
1967:
1962:
1959:
1958:
1956:
1954:
1950:
1944:
1941:
1939:
1936:
1934:
1932:(Narsarmijit)
1928:
1926:
1920:
1918:
1912:
1910:
1907:
1906:
1904:
1902:
1898:
1895:
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361:Served years
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211:November 2021
205:is available.
204:
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194:
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184:This section
182:
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116:
98:45°25′22.44″W
95:60°59′13.56″N
88:
84:
81:
77:
74:
70:
50:
41:
36:
30:
25:
19:
2036:Paleo-Eskimo
1989:Edelweiss II
1914:Lichtenfels
1909:Neu-Herrnhut
1835:Camp Century
1615:
1403:Itterajivit
1258:(Ritenbenck)
1174:
1170:
1155:
1140:
1134:The Holocene
1133:
1129:
1096:
1081:
1067:
1039:29 September
1037:. Retrieved
1033:the original
1026:
1019:
1004:
979:
975:
966:
954:. Retrieved
950:
941:
931:
924:
912:. Retrieved
908:
899:
887:. Retrieved
876:
866:29 September
864:. Retrieved
860:the original
855:
846:
821:
817:
786:the original
781:
772:
763:
754:
712:
705:
697:the original
692:
683:
673:29 September
671:. Retrieved
664:the original
654:
647:
596:
585:Poul Nørlund
577:
557:
550:
494:Friars Minor
481:
326:Alexander VI
233:patron saint
208:
203:Editing help
185:
146:
124:
123:
18:
2016:Brønlundhus
1924:(Alluitsoq)
1868:Ritenbench
1626:Herjolfsnes
1483:(Lichtenau)
1454:(Kap Tobin)
1314:Nuugaatsiaq
1221:Greenlandic
588: [
568:Los Angeles
547:Titular see
369:Before 1112
358:Consecrated
263:Isle of Man
235:of sailors.
133:titular see
110: /
86:Coordinates
35:Vatnahverfi
2059:Categories
1922:Lichtenau
1736:Bluie West
1698:Bluie East
1606:Brattahlíð
1481:Alluitsoq
1418:(Håbets Ø)
1405:(Kap Hope)
1390:Sermersooq
1354:Qeqertalik
1344:Sermermiut
1329:Qilakitsoq
1309:Narsaarsuk
1294:Itissaalik
1173:(PDF). In
1106:8790369726
889:17 October
639:References
449:1289–1309
438:1247–1280
427:1239–1242
416:1212–1230
405:1189–1209
383:1126–1150
322:Nicholas V
275:suffragans
153:Brattahlíð
2026:North Ice
1977:Edelweiss
1966:Hansa Bay
1953:Wehrmacht
1943:Idlorpait
1916:(Akunnat)
1499:Østprøven
1489:Idlorpait
1452:Uunarteq
1362:Qullissat
1284:Illorsuit
1238:Avannaata
1164:1503-4208
1149:476576493
1063:GCatholic
988:0008-8080
830:0008-8080
740:cite book
732:949870420
478:Ghost see
413:1210-1212
388:Jón knútr
283:Trondheim
273:, became
80:Greenland
2085:Kujalleq
2021:Eismitte
1982:Dove Bay
1961:Holzauge
1901:Moravian
1876:Rodebaai
1794:DEW line
1686:American
1593:Eastern
1580:Sandnæs
1567:Western
1520:Pituffik
1473:Akunnat
1465:Kujalleq
1411:Ivittuut
1398:Ikkatteq
1304:Moriusaq
1279:Ikermiut
1246:Annoatok
1115:70276237
996:25011500
956:31 March
914:31 March
838:25011635
606:See also
499:Nicolaus
269:and the
137:Americas
76:Kujalleq
72:Location
37:, Garðar
1870:(Appat)
1659:Faroese
1621:Hvalsey
1494:Ikigait
1437:Qoornoq
1416:Kangeq
1372:Qeqqata
1334:Saattoq
1289:Illulik
693:Culture
580:Igaliku
574:Remains
525:Andreas
421:Nikolás
377:Arnaldr
259:Iceland
167:Bishops
143:Diocese
1938:Umanak
1889:German
1616:Garðar
1611:Dyrnæs
1447:Umivik
1442:Umanak
1432:Nualik
1339:Sarfaq
1256:Appat
1227:Danish
1162:
1147:
1113:
1103:
1088:
1074:
1027:Gardar
994:
986:
836:
828:
730:
720:
355:Bishop
265:, the
261:, the
186:is in
157:bishop
125:Garðar
22:Garðar
1857:Dutch
1817:DYE-4
1812:DYE-3
1807:DYE-2
1802:DYE-1
1224:Inuit
1132:. In
992:JSTOR
834:JSTOR
667:(PDF)
660:(PDF)
592:]
443:Þórðr
432:Óláfr
410:Helgi
281:(now
252:Hamar
192:prose
149:sagas
1299:Kuuk
1274:Etah
1264:Ataa
1160:ISSN
1145:OCLC
1111:OCLC
1101:ISBN
1086:ISBN
1072:ISBN
1041:2010
984:ISSN
958:2021
916:2021
891:2015
868:2010
826:ISSN
746:link
728:OCLC
718:ISBN
675:2010
468:1365
465:Álfr
454:Árni
446:1288
435:1246
424:1234
402:1188
391:1150
380:1124
324:and
188:list
147:The
566:of
2061::
1968:,
1109:.
990:.
978:.
974:.
949:.
907:.
854:.
832:.
820:.
816:.
794:^
780:.
762:.
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738:{{
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918:.
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213:)
209:(
195:.
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