353:
67:
60:
1551:
40:
188:
318:
The next bishop was Árni, from 1315 to 1347. Due to poor communication between
Greenland and Norway, it was assumed that he had died and a new bishop (Jón Skalli) was ordained in 1343. When it was discovered that bishop Árni was still alive, Skalli resigned and never went to Greenland. Jon Skalli
608:
Many Norse settlement ruins remain visible in
Igaliku. The ruins mostly consist of the stone foundations of the walls in their original positions so that the extent of the settlement, both individual buildings and collectively, can be determined and understood. The main ruin is of the
593:
is situated on the same geographic location. The site has been the subject of archaeological investigations since the 1830s. The cathedral was the primary target of much of the archaeological work and was fully excavated in 1926 by Danish archaeologist
699:
2085:
1213:
613:, a cross-shaped church built of sandstone in the 12th century. The maximum length is 27 m, the width 16 m. Two large barns are on the site, able to have held up to 160 cows.
663:
312:Ólafr was ordained in the same year, arriving in 1247. He remained bishop until the mid-1280s. He was abroad from 1264 to 1280, thus hardly serving in his own diocese.
2080:
756:
1206:
707:
578:
493:
Although the diocese had ceased to function, 'full' bishops were nominated to the see until 1537, apparently none of whom ever visited the diocese:
2075:
102:
862:
59:
1199:
732:
322:
After Árni's death in 1347 there was a 19-year vacancy period. Norwegian cleric Ivar
Bardsson served as principal during the interim period.
622:
139:
1100:
1086:
788:
517:
299:
The third bishop was Jón Árnason (nicknamed Smyril). He took office in 1189. In 1202–1203 he went on a pilgrimage to Rome and met
1035:
1911:
1141:
Palaeoecological and historical evidence for manuring and irrigation at Garðar (Igaliku), Norse
Eastern Settlement, Greenland
1115:
916:"American Journeys Background on Papal Letters Concerning the Bishophric of Gardar in Greenland during the Fifteenth Century"
674:
45:
2090:
943:
The discoveries of the
Norsemen in America : with special relation to their early cartographical representation
550:(O.S.B.) (9 July 1492 – ?). He had desired to reach Gardar in person, but there is no indication he ever did.
1940:
610:
239:
352:
262:
325:
Bishop Álfr was ordained in 1365 and served as the last effectively residential bishop of Garðar until 1378.
254:
250:
1154:(archeology master thesis in Danish). Aarhus University: Afdeling for Middelalder- og Renæssancearkæologi.
1987:
1976:
1924:
289:
770:
605:(1888–1951). Nørlund made several scientific studies in Greenland starting in 1921 and ending in 1932.
521:
1726:
303:. He died in Garðar in 1209 and was buried there, most likely in the Northern Chapel of the cathedral.
1932:
1827:
1822:
1817:
1812:
870:
570:
2004:
1759:
1068:
642:
258:
1999:
595:
1603:
1577:
1457:
1231:
1002:
844:
750:
637:
627:
356:
Crosier and episcopal ring of a 13th-century
Greenlandic bishop, probably Óláfr (1247–1280)
261:(present-day Sweden) from 1126 to 1152. Arnaldur returned to Norway in 1150 and became bishop of
235:
171:
1174:
566:
of Gardar (Curiate
Italian) / Garðar (Norsk bokmål Norwegian) / Garden(sis) (Latin adjective).
328:
The
Greenland diocese disappeared in the 15th century, when ships from Norway stopped arriving.
2095:
1680:
1646:
1563:
1434:
1279:
1170:
1155:
1121:
1111:
1096:
1082:
994:
946:. Robarts - University of Toronto. London : H. Stevens, Son & Stiles. pp. 49–51.
836:
738:
728:
632:
563:
547:
340:
336:
300:
315:
The next bishop was Þórdr, who stayed in Garðar from 1289 until his return to Norway in 1309.
2054:
1948:
1789:
1784:
1764:
1525:
1452:
1110:. SILA-The Greenland Research Centre at the Danish National Museum and Danish Polar Center.
1023:
724:
Continental ambitions : Roman
Catholics in North America : the Colonial experience
574:
306:
The next bishop, Helgi, arrived in
Greenland in 1212 and was bishop until his death in 1230.
1616:
789:"Land management at the bishop's seat, Garðar, medieval Greenland | Antiquity Journal"
163:
1850:
1837:
1794:
1774:
1769:
1736:
1731:
1696:
1669:
1334:
1284:
1261:
540:
332:
1509:
796:
1019:
915:
2026:
1779:
1754:
1721:
1716:
1390:
277:
600:
2069:
1980:
1899:
1535:
1329:
1073:
1043:
941:
281:
957:
2046:
1919:
1867:
1845:
504:
243:
213:
170:
for Greenland in the early 12th century and got the approval of the Norwegian King
1636:
1413:
1324:
1182:
Da Grønland fik sit første bispesæde: Glimt fra nordboriget i det 12. århundrede
309:
In 1234, Nikulás was ordained. He arrived in Greenland in 1239. He died in 1242.
273:
143:
1191:
1878:
1590:
1400:
1364:
1354:
1339:
1319:
1304:
998:
840:
742:
117:
104:
2036:
1963:
1953:
1550:
1499:
1491:
1372:
1294:
1248:
1125:
293:
285:
202:
90:
17:
1621:
238:
in 1124. He arrived in Greenland in 1126. He began the construction of the
1159:
722:
2031:
1992:
1971:
1886:
1804:
1530:
1475:
1462:
1421:
1408:
1314:
1289:
1256:
198:
147:
86:
1006:
982:
893:
848:
824:
39:
1631:
1504:
1483:
1447:
1382:
1344:
1299:
590:
269:
383:
1112–1121 (Served in Greenland prior to the establishment of the see)
1442:
1426:
1349:
167:
1746:
1708:
1266:
520:(C.R.S.A.) (circa 1 October 1431 – 19 March 1432), next bishop of
351:
296:). The second bishop was Jón Knútr, who served from 1153 to 1186.
174:'the Crusader' (1103–1130). Most of the clergy came from Norway.
1309:
1274:
159:
1195:
940:
Fischer, Joseph; Soulsby, Basil H. (Basil Harrington) (1903).
331:
News of the diocese has been reported in two letters by popes
181:
825:"The Church in North America (Greenland) in the Middle Ages"
700:"Why Do We Celebrate Columbus Day and Not Leif Erikson Day?"
530:
Bartholomeus de Sancto Hyppolito, O.P. (1433 – death 1440)
234:
The first bishop of Garðar, Arnaldur, was ordained by the
546:
Mathias Canuto (Matthias Knutsson), a Danish monk of the
146:, and was the first Catholic diocese established in the
1108:
Norse ruins of the Southern Paamiut and Ivittuut region
209:
527:
Johannes Erles de Moys, O.F.M. (12 July 1432 – ?)
343:
J. C. Heywood in 1893 in Rome and republished in 1903.
1167:
Grønlandsgåten. Kampen om Grønland. Levende Historie
562:
In 1996, the diocese was nominally restored as Latin
2045:
2019:
1962:
1910:
1895:
1863:
1836:
1803:
1745:
1707:
1692:
1665:
1645:
1602:
1576:
1559:
1518:
1474:
1399:
1381:
1363:
1247:
1227:
96:
82:
1069:Grønland i middelalderen fra landnam til undergang
162:tell that Sokki Þórisson, a wealthy farmer of the
1093:Collapse: How Societies Choose to Fail or Succeed
2086:Populated places established in the 10th century
666:Eastern Settlement at Garðar (Igaliku), Greenlan
288:to the newly established Norwegian Metropolitan
513:Robertus Ryngman, O.F.M. (30 May 1425 – ?)
1207:
524:(Denmark) (1432.03.19 – ? not possessed)
8:
553:Vincenz Kampe, O.F.M. (20 June 1519 – 1537).
32:
268:In 1152, this diocese, as well as those of
1907:
1704:
1573:
1244:
1214:
1200:
1192:
1040:(The Norse History of Greenland 982-1500)"
755:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
38:
31:
66:
1152:Det norrøne bispesæde i Gardar, Grønland
359:
655:
2081:Catholic titular sees in North America
748:
589:Currently, the previous settlement of
543:(O.P.) (16 June 1481 – ? deposed)
249:The diocese was first assigned to the
166:area, launched the idea of a separate
507:(O.F.M.) (27 March 1411 – death 1421)
7:
958:"Liutprand - Associazione culturale"
818:
816:
814:
812:
810:
808:
806:
623:List of Catholic dioceses in Denmark
1150:Høegsberg, Mogens Skaaning (2005).
771:"Gardar, Greenland : Bishops"
240:cathedral dedicated to St Nicholas
138:was the seat of the bishop in the
25:
1020:Grönlands historiske mindesmærker
706:. 11 October 2015. Archived from
518:Canons Regular of Saint Augustine
257:. The diocese was subject to the
74:Location of the site in Greenland
1549:
1139:Buckland, Paul C. m.fl. (2009).
186:
65:
58:
863:"History of Medieval Greenland"
2076:Norse settlements in Greenland
987:The Catholic Historical Review
983:"The Medieval American Church"
829:The Catholic Historical Review
201:format but may read better as
140:Norse settlements in Greenland
1:
1106:Albrethsen, Svend E. (2004).
1095:, pg.232; Viking Press, 2005
581:(16 January 2001 – present).
1222:Abandoned sites in Greenland
1081:(Gyldendal København, 2005)
823:Larson, Laurence M. (1919).
497:Henricus (mentioned in 1386)
896:. Norsk biografisk leksikon
348:List of residential bishops
253:of the German Metropolitan
2112:
1063:Sources and external links
1546:
1180:Plovgaard, Karen (1963).
894:"Ivar Bårdsson, Geistlig"
142:. It is a Latin Catholic
118:60.9871000°N 45.4229000°W
53:
37:
569:Its single incumbent is
867:www.personal.utulsa.edu
533:Gregorius (1440 – 1450)
500:Bertholdus (circa 1407)
255:Archbishopric of Bremen
251:ecclesiastical province
210:converting this section
123:60.9871000; -45.4229000
1519:outside municipalities
1188:(Danish) (12): 463–469
775:www.servinghistory.com
357:
290:Archdiocese of Nidaros
44:Harvesting the hay in
1654:Farm ruins discovered
1186:Tidsskriftet Grønland
1079:Grønlands Forhistorie
721:Starr, Kevin (2016).
355:
319:never visited Garðar.
1165:Mitlid, Åke (2006).
993:(2): 210–227. 1917.
920:americanjourneys.org
680:on 24 September 2015
668:(The Holocene 2009)"
571:Edward William Clark
482:1368–1377 (or 1378)
471:1315–1347 (or 1348)
361:Residential bishops
339:, first compiled by
27:Catholic Titular See
1683:(Kangerluarsoruseq)
892:Magnus Stefansson.
643:Bishop of Greenland
410:Jón smyrill Árnason
362:
259:Archdiocese of Lund
114: /
34:
2091:Ruins in Greenland
1435:Kangerluarsoruseq
1091:Diamond, Jared M.
873:on 16 October 2009
638:Eastern Settlement
628:Western Settlement
522:Diocese of Børglum
516:Gobelinus Volant,
405:(After 1150)–1187
360:
358:
236:Archbishop of Lund
212:, if appropriate.
172:Sigurd I Magnusson
2063:
2062:
2020:Polar exploration
2015:
2014:
1859:
1858:
1661:
1660:
1647:Middle Settlement
1564:Greenlandic Norse
1544:
1543:
734:978-1-62164-118-6
727:. San Francisco.
645:(Lutheran Bishop)
633:Middle Settlement
564:titular bishopric
548:Benedictine Order
486:
485:
341:papal chamberlain
301:Pope Innocent III
265:(Norway) in 1152.
231:
230:
133:
132:
16:(Redirected from
2103:
2055:Deltaterrasserne
2008:
1996:
1984:
1944:
1936:
1928:
1908:
1882:
1790:Bluie West Eight
1785:Bluie West Seven
1765:Bluie West Three
1727:Bluie East Three
1705:
1684:
1681:Føroyingahavnin
1609:
1608:
1594:
1583:
1582:
1574:
1567:Norsemen/Vikings
1554:
1553:
1526:Clavering Island
1495:
1487:
1466:
1438:
1430:
1417:
1270:
1245:
1216:
1209:
1202:
1193:
1169:. 4 (6): 16–19.
1129:
1056:
1055:
1053:
1051:
1046:on 4 August 2017
1042:. Archived from
1032:
1026:
1024:Internet Archive
1017:
1011:
1010:
979:
973:
972:
970:
968:
962:www.liutprand.it
954:
948:
947:
937:
931:
930:
928:
926:
912:
906:
905:
903:
901:
889:
883:
882:
880:
878:
869:. Archived from
859:
853:
852:
835:(2/3): 175–194.
820:
801:
800:
799:on 21 June 2011.
795:. Archived from
785:
779:
778:
767:
761:
760:
754:
746:
718:
712:
711:
710:on 1 March 2021.
696:
690:
689:
687:
685:
679:
673:. Archived from
672:
660:
611:Garðar Cathedral
604:
575:Auxiliary bishop
503:Jacobus Treppe,
363:
226:
223:
217:
208:You can help by
190:
189:
182:
129:
128:
126:
125:
124:
119:
115:
112:
111:
110:
107:
69:
68:
62:
42:
35:
21:
2111:
2110:
2106:
2105:
2104:
2102:
2101:
2100:
2066:
2065:
2064:
2059:
2041:
2011:
2002:
1990:
1974:
1958:
1942:
1941:Friedrichsthal
1934:
1926:
1904:
1891:
1880:
1872:
1855:
1851:Camp Fistclench
1838:Project Iceworm
1832:
1799:
1795:Bluie West Nine
1775:Bluie West Five
1770:Bluie West Four
1741:
1737:Bluie East Five
1732:Bluie East Four
1701:
1688:
1682:
1674:
1657:
1641:
1606:
1605:
1598:
1592:
1580:
1579:
1570:
1566:
1555:
1548:
1540:
1514:
1493:
1485:
1470:
1464:
1436:
1428:
1415:
1395:
1377:
1359:
1335:Qernertuarssuit
1268:
1262:Appaalissiorfik
1241:
1234:
1223:
1220:
1136:
1134:Further reading
1118:
1105:
1065:
1060:
1059:
1049:
1047:
1034:
1033:
1029:
1018:
1014:
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909:
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886:
876:
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860:
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822:
821:
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793:antiquity.ac.uk
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683:
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677:
670:
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619:
598:
587:
560:
541:Dominican Order
491:
377:Eiríkr Gnúpsson
350:
227:
221:
218:
207:
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187:
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156:
122:
120:
116:
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108:
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100:
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49:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2109:
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2040:
2039:
2034:
2029:
2023:
2021:
2017:
2016:
2013:
2012:
2010:
2009:
2005:Lille Koldewey
1997:
1985:
1968:
1966:
1960:
1959:
1957:
1956:
1951:
1946:
1938:
1930:
1922:
1916:
1914:
1905:
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1825:
1820:
1815:
1809:
1807:
1801:
1800:
1798:
1797:
1792:
1787:
1782:
1780:Bluie West Six
1777:
1772:
1767:
1762:
1760:Bluie West Two
1757:
1755:Bluie West One
1751:
1749:
1743:
1742:
1740:
1739:
1734:
1729:
1724:
1722:Bluie East Two
1719:
1717:Bluie East One
1713:
1711:
1702:
1700:
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1597:
1596:
1593:(Kilaarsarfik)
1587:
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1411:
1405:
1403:
1397:
1396:
1394:
1393:
1391:Nipisat Island
1387:
1385:
1379:
1378:
1376:
1375:
1369:
1367:
1361:
1360:
1358:
1357:
1352:
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1332:
1327:
1322:
1317:
1312:
1307:
1302:
1297:
1292:
1287:
1282:
1280:Comer's Midden
1277:
1272:
1264:
1259:
1253:
1251:
1242:
1240:
1239:
1236:
1228:
1225:
1224:
1221:
1219:
1218:
1211:
1204:
1196:
1190:
1189:
1178:
1163:
1148:
1147:pages 105–116.
1135:
1132:
1131:
1130:
1116:
1103:
1089:
1076:
1071:
1064:
1061:
1058:
1057:
1027:
1012:
974:
949:
932:
907:
884:
854:
802:
780:
762:
733:
713:
691:
654:
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640:
635:
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625:
618:
615:
586:
583:
559:
556:
555:
554:
551:
544:
539:Jacobus Blaa,
537:
534:
531:
528:
525:
514:
511:
508:
501:
498:
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487:
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483:
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477:
473:
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468:1313 (or 1314)
466:
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461:
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349:
346:
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329:
326:
323:
320:
316:
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307:
304:
297:
278:Orkney Islands
266:
247:
229:
228:
194:
192:
185:
179:
176:
155:
152:
131:
130:
98:
94:
93:
84:
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73:
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63:
57:
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55:
54:
51:
50:
43:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2108:
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2038:
2035:
2033:
2030:
2028:
2025:
2024:
2022:
2018:
2006:
2001:
1998:
1994:
1989:
1986:
1982:
1981:Sabine Island
1978:
1973:
1970:
1969:
1967:
1965:
1961:
1955:
1952:
1950:
1947:
1945:
1943:(Narsarmijit)
1939:
1937:
1931:
1929:
1923:
1921:
1918:
1917:
1915:
1913:
1909:
1906:
1901:
1898:
1897:
1894:
1888:
1885:
1883:
1877:
1876:
1874:
1869:
1866:
1865:
1862:
1852:
1849:
1847:
1844:
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372:Served years
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282:Faroe Islands
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222:November 2021
216:is available.
215:
211:
205:
204:
200:
195:This section
193:
184:
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177:
175:
173:
169:
165:
161:
153:
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137:
127:
109:45°25′22.44″W
106:60°59′13.56″N
99:
95:
92:
88:
85:
81:
61:
52:
47:
41:
36:
30:
19:
2047:Paleo-Eskimo
2000:Edelweiss II
1925:Lichtenfels
1920:Neu-Herrnhut
1846:Camp Century
1626:
1414:Itterajivit
1269:(Ritenbenck)
1185:
1181:
1166:
1151:
1145:The Holocene
1144:
1140:
1107:
1092:
1078:
1050:29 September
1048:. Retrieved
1044:the original
1037:
1030:
1015:
990:
986:
977:
965:. Retrieved
961:
952:
942:
935:
923:. Retrieved
919:
910:
898:. Retrieved
887:
877:29 September
875:. Retrieved
871:the original
866:
857:
832:
828:
797:the original
792:
783:
774:
765:
723:
716:
708:the original
703:
694:
684:29 September
682:. Retrieved
675:the original
665:
658:
607:
596:Poul Nørlund
588:
568:
561:
505:Friars Minor
492:
337:Alexander VI
244:patron saint
219:
214:Editing help
196:
157:
135:
134:
29:
18:Gardar (see)
2027:Brønlundhus
1935:(Alluitsoq)
1879:Ritenbench
1637:Herjolfsnes
1494:(Lichtenau)
1465:(Kap Tobin)
1325:Nuugaatsiaq
1232:Greenlandic
599: [
579:Los Angeles
558:Titular see
380:Before 1112
369:Consecrated
274:Isle of Man
246:of sailors.
144:titular see
121: /
97:Coordinates
46:Vatnahverfi
2070:Categories
1933:Lichtenau
1747:Bluie West
1709:Bluie East
1617:Brattahlíð
1492:Alluitsoq
1429:(Håbets Ø)
1416:(Kap Hope)
1401:Sermersooq
1365:Qeqertalik
1355:Sermermiut
1340:Qilakitsoq
1320:Narsaarsuk
1305:Itissaalik
1184:(PDF). In
1117:8790369726
900:17 October
650:References
460:1289–1309
449:1247–1280
438:1239–1242
427:1212–1230
416:1189–1209
394:1126–1150
333:Nicholas V
286:suffragans
164:Brattahlíð
2037:North Ice
1988:Edelweiss
1977:Hansa Bay
1964:Wehrmacht
1954:Idlorpait
1927:(Akunnat)
1510:Østprøven
1500:Idlorpait
1463:Uunarteq
1373:Qullissat
1295:Illorsuit
1249:Avannaata
1175:1503-4208
1160:476576493
1074:GCatholic
999:0008-8080
841:0008-8080
751:cite book
743:949870420
489:Ghost see
424:1210-1212
399:Jón knútr
294:Trondheim
284:, became
91:Greenland
2096:Kujalleq
2032:Eismitte
1993:Dove Bay
1972:Holzauge
1912:Moravian
1887:Rodebaai
1805:DEW line
1697:American
1604:Eastern
1591:Sandnæs
1578:Western
1531:Pituffik
1484:Akunnat
1476:Kujalleq
1422:Ivittuut
1409:Ikkatteq
1315:Moriusaq
1290:Ikermiut
1257:Annoatok
1126:70276237
1007:25011500
967:31 March
925:31 March
849:25011635
617:See also
510:Nicolaus
280:and the
148:Americas
87:Kujalleq
83:Location
48:, Garðar
1881:(Appat)
1670:Faroese
1632:Hvalsey
1505:Ikigait
1448:Qoornoq
1427:Kangeq
1383:Qeqqata
1345:Saattoq
1300:Illulik
704:Culture
591:Igaliku
585:Remains
536:Andreas
432:Nikolás
388:Arnaldr
270:Iceland
178:Bishops
154:Diocese
1949:Umanak
1900:German
1627:Garðar
1622:Dyrnæs
1458:Umivik
1453:Umanak
1443:Nualik
1350:Sarfaq
1267:Appat
1238:Danish
1173:
1158:
1124:
1114:
1099:
1085:
1038:Gardar
1005:
997:
847:
839:
741:
731:
366:Bishop
276:, the
272:, the
197:is in
168:bishop
136:Garðar
33:Garðar
1868:Dutch
1828:DYE-4
1823:DYE-3
1818:DYE-2
1813:DYE-1
1235:Inuit
1143:. In
1003:JSTOR
845:JSTOR
678:(PDF)
671:(PDF)
603:]
454:Þórðr
443:Óláfr
421:Helgi
292:(now
263:Hamar
203:prose
160:sagas
1310:Kuuk
1285:Etah
1275:Ataa
1171:ISSN
1156:OCLC
1122:OCLC
1112:ISBN
1097:ISBN
1083:ISBN
1052:2010
995:ISSN
969:2021
927:2021
902:2015
879:2010
837:ISSN
757:link
739:OCLC
729:ISBN
686:2010
479:1365
476:Álfr
465:Árni
457:1288
446:1246
435:1234
413:1188
402:1150
391:1124
335:and
199:list
158:The
577:of
2072::
1979:,
1120:.
1001:.
989:.
985:.
960:.
918:.
865:.
843:.
831:.
827:.
805:^
791:.
773:.
753:}}
749:{{
737:.
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601:da
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1009:.
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881:.
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833:5
777:.
759:)
745:.
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664:"
224:)
220:(
206:.
20:)
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