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264:. The population of the city was estimated to be ca. 10,000 in the 1979 census and was estimated to be 70,000 in 2008. The majority of the city's native population is Pashtun. The city of Gardez is located at the junction between two important roads that cut, through a huge alpine valley. Surrounded by the mountains and deserts of the
2331:
During the 1970s, Gardez experienced a significant economic boom, primarily attributable to substantial financial support from
Germany. This infusion of funds catalyzed rapid growth in various sectors, such as infrastructure development, industrial expansion, and education initiatives. As a
2201:
Gardez is located in eastern
Afghanistan close to Ghazni and Khost. Gardez is predominately non-built up area with agriculture as the largest land use at 39%. Residential area accounts for almost half of built-up area and Districts 1-4 consist of the densest housing.
272:
are still crumbling on the hilltops just outside the city limits. The city of Gardez has a population of 70,641 (in 2015). It has 13 districts and a total land area of 6,174 hectares (23.84 sq mi). The total number of dwellings in this city is 7,849.
268:, which boil up from the valley floor to the north, east and west, it is the axis of commerce for a huge area of eastern Afghanistan and has been a strategic location for armies throughout the country's long history of conflict. Observation posts built by
2366:
representative, Randolph
Hampton. There are now over 30 PRTs in Afghanistan. The continuing challenge to bring electricity, medical clinics, schools and water to the more remote villages in Paktia are a result of ongoing security issues.
1397:
regime came to power in 1979. The communists lost control of most of Paktiā during the 1980s as the country plunged into war with only Gardez remaining in government control. In 2002, the city and surroundings was attacked by local warlord
1392:
for the development of Paktiā ("Paktiā Development
Authority", see above). This led to an economic boom in the 1970s. The number of shops in the bazar increased from 117 in 1965 to more than 600 in 1977. The project was unsuccessful as the
2379:. By the Afghan Militia Forces period (c.2002), the corps 'theoretically incorporated 14th Division, 30th Division, 822nd Brigade, Border Brigades, and approximately 800... in the Governor's Force in
2242:
had not yet reached the area. There was also a significant community of Hindu and Sikh shopkeepers who altogether ran 9% of the shops in the bāzār, mostly specializing in jewellery and cloth"
2336:, established in 1965, and of the asphalting of the road to Kabul. Social services included three schools for boys, one school for girls, a hospital, one teacher training institute, the
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consequence, the city saw a surge in job opportunities, improved living standards, and a thriving business environment, marking a pivotal period in its history.
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2328:
The city of Gardez is also a major fuel wood market for Kabul. Many of its natural forests are being cut down to provide fuel wood especially during winter.
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Michael Bhatia, Mark Sedra, Michael Vinay Bhatia, Mark Sedra, 'Afghanistan, Arms and
Conflict: Post-9/11 Security and Insurgency, Routledge, 2008,
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province, which covers 650 km and had a total population of 44,000 inhabitants in 1979, but was almost totally depopulated during the
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Gardez is located at 2,308 m above sea level, making it the third-highest provincial capital in
Afghanistan, and is not far from the
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in 877. However, the city remained under Lawik rule for about a century more. Around 975, Samanid-appointed governor
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fighters, becoming the nineteenth provincial capital to be captured by the
Taliban as part of the wider
2444:, the last Saffarid Emir who died in Gardez in 1009 where he had been sent after the Ghaznavid conquest
1314:, since they were associated with the Buddhist Kabul Shahis, and later with the Hindu Shahis (based in
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settlements sparsely distributed in southeastern
Afghanistan that are remnants of a time when
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Gardez is an ancient settlement, located within a large intramountainous depression in the
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During the 16th-century, Gardez was renowned for its multi-storied houses—as mentioned by
1342:
besieged Gardez but was killed by Lawiks during the attack. In 1162, the city fell to the
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1471:. The city is watered by the upper course of the Gardez River, which flows into the
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2234:"They were mainly Fārsīwān Tājīks, Gardīz belonging to a network of old isolated
3157:
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2690:, ed. Sotūda, p. 71, tr. Minorsky, p. 91; Bivar & Bosworth, 1965, pp. 17 ff.
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Hunnic
Peoples in Central and South Asia: Sources for their Origin and History
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two days earlier; the
Taliban denied responsibility for the hospital attack.
1334:, Abu Mansur Aflah Lawik was reduced to a tributary status in Gardez by Emir
1326:
and suffered several attacks by anti-Kharijite military chiefs. According to
124:
111:
3177:
3116:
3111:
2768:"Truck bomb in eastern Afghan city kills five, Taliban claim responsibility"
2347:. Most of these buildings were destroyed during the civil war in the 1980s.
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had their biggest rural development project with a budget of 2.5 million
1323:
1319:
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1307:
1070:
63:
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As of 2008, the population of Gardez was estimated to be around 73,131.
1462:
region of caves and tunnels. The "old town", located at the foot of the
2388:
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617:
277:
2414:
threatening people with attacks if they participated in the election.
2317:
1439:
claimed this as a revenge attack against the Afghan government, after
3203:
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2432:, 11th-century Sufi saint who established himself in Multan, Pakistan
2384:
2344:
2221:
Majority of the people living in Gardez are pashtuns primarly of the
1488:
1284:
1105:
1060:
2395:. The corps was disbanded around 2003-2005 and replaced in the new
2362:
near Gardez in early March 2003, headed by the US Army along with a
1475:
lake. Gardez is located at a junction between two important roads,
1306:
rulers of the region adopted Islam. They formerly practiced either
3096:
2944:
2937:, "Notes on the Pre-Ghaznavid History of Eastern Afghanistan", in
2924:
2316:
2232:
states that the population of the city was 9,550 in 1979 and that
1504:
1500:
1484:
1480:
1275:, consecrated by King "Khingala". Dated to the mid-8th century CE.
1266:
373:
1373:
Today, Gardez is the administrative center of a district of the
2948:
2410:, six people were arrested on 19 August 2009 for distributing
2250:
1283:
of eastern Afghanistan. Archaeological discoveries, including
2754:"Official Says Suicide Attack in Eastern Afghanistan Kills 5"
1409:
On January 4, 2002, the first American soldier to die in the
2675:
The Medieval History of Iran, Afghanistan, and Central Asia
1435:
and injured at least 29 others near a court in Gardez. The
1406:'s administration only to be refused by tribal elders.
1299:
coins give an insight into the rich history of Gardez.
1499:. Gardez is 70 kilometres (43 mi) northwest of
3186:
3140:
3089:
2997:
2921:
Report on Hydrogeological Survey of Paktya Province
2375:Gardez was the former home of the 3rd Corps of the
214:
203:
195:
190:
182:
170:
158:
140:
32:
2406:According to local Police Chief Brigadier General
2521:"AUP takes the reins from US soldiers in Gardez"
2790:National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
2960:
1248:
8:
2899:"10 detained for distributing night letters"
2438:, President of Afghanistan from 1987 to 1992
2214:make up ca. 70% of the population while the
2706:The Bābur-nāma in English, Memoirs of Bābur
2285:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
2967:
2953:
2945:
1529:
1255:
1241:
291:
29:
2648:
2646:
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2364:U.S. Agency for International Development
2305:Learn how and when to remove this message
1503:and 100 kilometres (62 mi) south of
2572:"The State of Afghan Cities report 2015"
2475:"The State of Afghan Cities report 2015"
2358:(PRT) in Afghanistan was established in
276:On 14 August 2021, Gardez was seized by
2597:"The State of Afghan Cities report2015"
2566:
2564:
2562:
2560:
2547:"The State of Afghan Cities report2015"
2466:
2426:, 11th-century geographer and historian
1448:attack at a maternity hospital in Kabul
1402:, who was chosen as Paktia governor by
305:
294:
213:
189:
181:
139:
104:
70:
54:
2840:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
2833:
2677:. Variorum Reprints. pp. 302–303.
2523:. U.S. Central Command. Archived from
2736:"Afghan Warlord Defiant Amid Threats"
1271:Marble statue of the elephant-headed
202:
194:
169:
157:
7:
2492:
2490:
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2323:Provincial reconstruction team (PRT)
2283:adding citations to reliable sources
1370:", whose people were "Afghān-Shāl".
27:City in Paktia Province, Afghanistan
3225:Populated places in Paktia Province
1322:). Gardez later became a center of
245:
237:
41:
3230:Provincial capitals in Afghanistan
2786:"Gardiz Climate Normals 1961-1990"
2721:"Welcome to Encyclopaedia Iranica"
25:
2756:. Associated Press. May 14, 2020.
252:, meaning "mountain fortress" in
3080:
2897:Niazai, Lemar (19 August 2009).
2621:Balogh, Dániel (12 March 2020).
2255:
2218:community accounts for ca. 30%.
1359:—and was the headquarter of the
1222:
1212:
1211:
316:
145:
83:
76:
56:
2519:Scar, Ken (February 22, 2012).
2356:Provincial Reconstruction Team
2334:"Paktiā Development Authority"
84:
1:
2652:Daniel Balland, "GARDĪZ", in
1521:Köppen climate classification
1336:Ya'qub ibn al-Layth al-Saffar
1318:, in present-day north-west
186:2,308 m (7,572 ft)
66:in the center of Gardez City
2701:Beveridge, Annette Susannah
1792:Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
1652:Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
1188:Hindu and Buddhist heritage
998:Transitional Administration
568:Principality of Chaghaniyan
223:(Afghanistan Standard Time)
3246:
2418:Notable people from Gardez
2247:Economy and administration
2189:Source: NOAA (1970-1983)
2188:
1532:
1044:Related historical regions
3078:
2982:
2627:. Barkhuis. p. 106.
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2005:
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1558:
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1446:blamed the group for the
344:Indus Valley civilisation
105:
71:
55:
48:
2939:The Islamic Quarterly IX
2671:Clifford Edmund Bosworth
2343:, two hotels, and forty
1533:Climate data for Gardez
1417:, was killed in Gardez.
1302:During 8th century, the
863:Principality of Qandahar
256:) is the capital of the
1413:, Sergeant First Class
1330:, written by historian
97:Location in Afghanistan
2350:After the fall of the
2325:
1517:cold semi-arid climate
1276:
1229:Afghanistan portal
1166:List of heads of state
424:Greco-Bactrian kingdom
282:2021 Taliban offensive
2654:Encyclopaedia Iranica
2527:on September 23, 2015
2371:Security and politics
2321:Gardez has the first
2320:
2230:Encyclopaedia Iranica
1270:
474:Indo-Parthian kingdom
454:Indo-Scythian kingdom
125:33.60000°N 69.21694°E
2709:. Project Gutenberg.
2461:References and notes
2397:Afghan National Army
2279:improve this section
1582:Record high °C (°F)
1487:, the other linking
2436:Mohammad Najibullah
2050:Average snowy days
2006:Average rainy days
1862:Record low °C (°F)
1722:Daily mean °C (°F)
933:Democratic Republic
270:Alexander the Great
121: /
18:Gardez, Afghanistan
2703:(7 January 2014).
2656:(Online Edition, (
2326:
1497:Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
1411:War in Afghanistan
1281:Sulaiman Mountains
1277:
1136:Political violence
943:Tanai coup attempt
578:Rashidun Caliphate
523:Hephthalite Empire
444:Indo-Greek kingdom
130:33.60000; 69.21694
3212:
3211:
3163:Shah-i-Kot Valley
3148:Khost-Gardez Pass
2903:Pajhwok Elections
2634:978-94-93194-01-4
2424:Abu Sa'id Gardezi
2408:Aziz Ahmad Wardak
2315:
2314:
2307:
2193:
2192:
2096:relative humidity
1400:Pacha Khan Zadran
1386:German government
1379:Soviet–Afghan War
1332:Abu Sa'id Gardezi
1265:
1264:
1156:Afghan (ethnonym)
1131:Political history
1035:
1034:
883:Saqqawist Emirate
833:Sadozai Sultanate
786:
785:
572:7th–8th centuries
541:
540:
394:Macedonian Empire
384:Achaemenid Empire
354:Oxus civilization
227:
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196: • City
16:(Redirected from
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3090:Populated places
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2574:. Archived from
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2477:. Archived from
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2442:Khalaf ibn Ahmad
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1257:
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1198:Muslim conquests
1183:Hinduism history
1146:Economic history
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1008:Islamic Republic
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2811:"Archived copy"
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2774:. May 14, 2020.
2772:www.reuters.com
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2740:www.cbsnews.com
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2688:"Hodūd al-Ālam"
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2393:Khost Provinces
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1028:
1023:Islamic Emirate
963:Islamic Emirate
923:Saur Revolution
796:
788:
787:
718:Mongol Invasion
692:before 879–1215
551:
543:
542:
484:Sasanian Empire
468:135 BC – 248 AD
434:Parthian Empire
404:Seleucid Empire
337:
308:
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258:Paktia Province
177:Gardez District
165:Paktia Province
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3199:Gardez Airport
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2919:S. Radojicic,
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2640:
2633:
2613:
2588:
2556:
2553:on 2015-10-31.
2538:
2511:
2484:
2481:on 2015-10-31.
2465:
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2459:
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2450:
2447:
2446:
2445:
2439:
2433:
2427:
2419:
2416:
2372:
2369:
2313:
2312:
2295:September 2023
2263:
2261:
2254:
2248:
2245:
2207:
2204:
2198:
2195:
2191:
2190:
2186:
2185:
2182:
2179:
2176:
2173:
2170:
2167:
2164:
2161:
2158:
2155:
2152:
2149:
2146:
2144:sunshine hours
2139:
2138:
2135:
2132:
2129:
2126:
2123:
2120:
2117:
2114:
2111:
2108:
2105:
2102:
2099:
2091:
2090:
2087:
2084:
2081:
2078:
2075:
2072:
2069:
2066:
2063:
2060:
2057:
2054:
2051:
2047:
2046:
2043:
2040:
2037:
2034:
2031:
2028:
2025:
2022:
2019:
2016:
2013:
2010:
2007:
2003:
2002:
1997:
1992:
1987:
1982:
1977:
1972:
1967:
1962:
1957:
1952:
1947:
1942:
1937:
1929:
1928:
1923:
1918:
1913:
1908:
1903:
1898:
1893:
1888:
1883:
1878:
1873:
1868:
1863:
1859:
1858:
1853:
1848:
1843:
1838:
1833:
1828:
1823:
1818:
1813:
1808:
1803:
1798:
1793:
1789:
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1783:
1778:
1773:
1768:
1763:
1758:
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1748:
1743:
1738:
1733:
1728:
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1698:
1693:
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1683:
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1658:
1653:
1649:
1648:
1643:
1638:
1633:
1628:
1623:
1618:
1613:
1608:
1603:
1598:
1593:
1588:
1583:
1579:
1578:
1575:
1572:
1569:
1566:
1563:
1560:
1557:
1554:
1551:
1548:
1545:
1542:
1539:
1535:
1534:
1528:
1512:
1509:
1495:in Pakistan's
1455:
1452:
1415:Nathan Chapman
1344:Ghurid dynasty
1328:Zayn al-Akhbar
1273:Gardez Ganesha
1263:
1262:
1260:
1259:
1252:
1245:
1237:
1234:
1233:
1232:
1231:
1219:
1206:
1205:
1201:
1200:
1195:
1193:Jewish history
1190:
1185:
1180:
1179:
1178:
1168:
1163:
1158:
1153:
1148:
1143:
1138:
1133:
1127:
1126:
1124:Related topics
1123:
1122:
1119:
1118:
1114:
1113:
1108:
1103:
1098:
1093:
1088:
1083:
1078:
1073:
1068:
1063:
1058:
1053:
1047:
1046:
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1039:
1038:
1033:
1032:
1026:
1019:
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1015:
1004:
1003:
1000:
990:
989:
986:
979:
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975:
969:
968:
965:
959:
958:
955:
949:
948:
945:
939:
938:
935:
929:
928:
925:
919:
918:
915:
909:
908:
905:
899:
898:
895:
889:
888:
885:
879:
878:
875:
869:
868:
865:
859:
858:
855:
853:Durrani Empire
849:
848:
845:
839:
838:
835:
829:
828:
825:
819:
818:
815:
809:
808:
805:
797:
794:
793:
790:
789:
784:
783:
780:
774:
773:
770:
764:
763:
760:
754:
753:
750:
744:
743:
740:
734:
733:
730:
724:
723:
720:
714:
713:
710:
704:
703:
700:
694:
693:
690:
684:
683:
680:
674:
673:
670:
664:
663:
660:
654:
653:
650:
644:
643:
640:
634:
633:
630:
624:
623:
620:
614:
613:
610:
604:
603:
600:
598:Tibetan Empire
594:
593:
590:
584:
583:
580:
574:
573:
570:
564:
563:
560:
552:
549:
548:
545:
544:
539:
538:
535:
529:
528:
525:
519:
518:
515:
509:
508:
506:
500:
499:
496:
490:
489:
486:
480:
479:
478:20 BC – 50? AD
476:
470:
469:
466:
460:
459:
456:
450:
449:
446:
440:
439:
436:
430:
429:
426:
420:
419:
416:
410:
409:
406:
400:
399:
396:
390:
389:
386:
380:
379:
376:
370:
369:
366:
360:
359:
356:
350:
349:
346:
338:
333:
332:
329:
328:
322:
321:
313:
312:
303:
302:
295:
289:
286:
254:Middle Persian
225:
224:
218:
212:
211:
208:
201:
200:
197:
193:
192:
188:
187:
184:
180:
179:
174:
168:
167:
162:
156:
155:
142:
138:
137:
103:
102:
96:
90:
89:
82:
81:
75:
74:
73:
72:
69:
68:
61:
53:
52:
49:
46:
45:
36:
33:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3242:
3231:
3228:
3226:
3223:
3222:
3220:
3205:
3202:
3200:
3197:
3195:
3192:
3191:
3189:
3185:
3179:
3176:
3174:
3171:
3169:
3168:Surkhab River
3166:
3164:
3161:
3159:
3156:
3154:
3153:Mount Sikaram
3151:
3149:
3146:
3145:
3143:
3139:
3133:
3130:
3128:
3125:
3123:
3120:
3118:
3115:
3113:
3110:
3108:
3105:
3103:
3100:
3098:
3095:
3094:
3092:
3088:
3083:
3073:
3070:
3068:
3065:
3063:
3060:
3058:
3055:
3053:
3050:
3048:
3045:
3043:
3040:
3038:
3035:
3033:
3030:
3028:
3025:
3023:
3020:
3018:
3017:Dand Aw Patan
3015:
3013:
3010:
3008:
3005:
3004:
3002:
3000:
2996:
2992:
2988:
2987:
2981:
2977:
2970:
2965:
2963:
2958:
2956:
2951:
2950:
2947:
2940:
2936:
2935:C.E. Bosworth
2933:
2930:
2926:
2922:
2918:
2917:
2913:
2904:
2900:
2893:
2890:
2886:
2882:
2876:
2873:
2861:
2857:
2851:
2848:
2843:
2837:
2823:on 2012-03-04
2819:
2812:
2806:
2803:
2791:
2787:
2781:
2778:
2773:
2769:
2763:
2760:
2755:
2749:
2746:
2741:
2737:
2730:
2727:
2722:
2716:
2713:
2708:
2707:
2702:
2696:
2693:
2689:
2684:
2681:
2676:
2672:
2666:
2663:
2659:
2655:
2649:
2647:
2645:
2641:
2636:
2630:
2626:
2625:
2617:
2614:
2603:on 2015-10-31
2602:
2598:
2592:
2589:
2578:on 2015-10-31
2577:
2573:
2567:
2565:
2563:
2561:
2557:
2552:
2548:
2542:
2539:
2526:
2522:
2515:
2512:
2500:
2493:
2491:
2489:
2485:
2480:
2476:
2470:
2467:
2460:
2456:
2453:
2452:
2448:
2443:
2440:
2437:
2434:
2431:
2428:
2425:
2422:
2421:
2417:
2415:
2413:
2412:night letters
2409:
2404:
2402:
2398:
2394:
2390:
2386:
2382:
2378:
2370:
2368:
2365:
2361:
2357:
2353:
2348:
2346:
2342:
2340:
2335:
2329:
2324:
2319:
2309:
2306:
2298:
2288:
2284:
2280:
2274:
2273:
2269:
2264:This section
2262:
2258:
2253:
2252:
2246:
2244:
2243:
2241:
2237:
2231:
2226:
2224:
2219:
2217:
2213:
2205:
2203:
2196:
2187:
2183:
2180:
2177:
2174:
2171:
2168:
2165:
2162:
2159:
2156:
2153:
2150:
2147:
2145:
2142:Mean monthly
2140:
2136:
2133:
2130:
2127:
2124:
2121:
2118:
2115:
2112:
2109:
2106:
2103:
2100:
2097:
2092:
2088:
2085:
2082:
2079:
2076:
2073:
2070:
2067:
2064:
2061:
2058:
2055:
2052:
2048:
2044:
2041:
2038:
2035:
2032:
2029:
2026:
2023:
2020:
2017:
2014:
2011:
2008:
2004:
1998:
1993:
1988:
1983:
1978:
1973:
1968:
1963:
1958:
1953:
1948:
1943:
1938:
1935:
1934:precipitation
1930:
1924:
1919:
1914:
1909:
1904:
1899:
1894:
1889:
1884:
1879:
1874:
1869:
1864:
1860:
1854:
1849:
1844:
1839:
1834:
1829:
1824:
1819:
1814:
1809:
1804:
1799:
1794:
1790:
1784:
1779:
1774:
1769:
1764:
1759:
1754:
1749:
1744:
1739:
1734:
1729:
1724:
1720:
1714:
1709:
1704:
1699:
1694:
1689:
1684:
1679:
1674:
1669:
1664:
1659:
1654:
1650:
1644:
1639:
1634:
1629:
1624:
1619:
1614:
1609:
1604:
1599:
1594:
1589:
1584:
1580:
1536:
1531:
1527:
1525:
1522:
1518:
1515:Gardez has a
1510:
1508:
1506:
1502:
1498:
1494:
1490:
1486:
1482:
1478:
1474:
1470:
1467:
1466:
1461:
1453:
1451:
1449:
1445:
1442:
1438:
1434:
1430:
1427:
1423:
1418:
1416:
1412:
1407:
1405:
1401:
1396:
1391:
1390:Deutsch Marks
1387:
1384:In 1960, the
1382:
1380:
1376:
1371:
1369:
1365:
1362:
1358:
1357:
1352:
1347:
1345:
1341:
1337:
1333:
1329:
1325:
1321:
1317:
1313:
1309:
1305:
1300:
1298:
1294:
1290:
1286:
1282:
1274:
1269:
1258:
1253:
1251:
1246:
1244:
1239:
1238:
1236:
1235:
1230:
1220:
1218:
1210:
1209:
1208:
1207:
1199:
1196:
1194:
1191:
1189:
1186:
1184:
1181:
1177:
1174:
1173:
1172:
1169:
1167:
1164:
1162:
1161:List of years
1159:
1157:
1154:
1152:
1149:
1147:
1144:
1142:
1139:
1137:
1134:
1132:
1129:
1128:
1121:
1120:
1112:
1109:
1107:
1104:
1102:
1101:Paropamisadae
1099:
1097:
1094:
1092:
1089:
1087:
1084:
1082:
1079:
1077:
1074:
1072:
1069:
1067:
1064:
1062:
1059:
1057:
1054:
1052:
1049:
1048:
1041:
1040:
1027:
1024:
1021:
1020:
1016:
1013:
1009:
1006:
1005:
1001:
999:
995:
992:
991:
987:
984:
983:Islamic State
981:
980:
976:
974:
971:
970:
966:
964:
961:
960:
956:
954:
953:Islamic State
951:
950:
946:
944:
941:
940:
936:
934:
931:
930:
926:
924:
921:
920:
916:
914:
911:
910:
906:
904:
901:
900:
896:
894:
891:
890:
886:
884:
881:
880:
876:
874:
871:
870:
866:
864:
861:
860:
856:
854:
851:
850:
846:
844:
843:Afsharid Iran
841:
840:
836:
834:
831:
830:
826:
824:
823:Hotak dynasty
821:
820:
816:
814:
811:
810:
806:
804:
801:
800:
792:
791:
781:
779:
776:
775:
771:
769:
766:
765:
761:
759:
756:
755:
751:
749:
746:
745:
741:
739:
736:
735:
731:
729:
726:
725:
721:
719:
716:
715:
711:
709:
706:
705:
701:
699:
696:
695:
691:
689:
686:
685:
681:
679:
676:
675:
671:
669:
666:
665:
661:
659:
656:
655:
651:
649:
646:
645:
641:
639:
636:
635:
631:
629:
626:
625:
621:
619:
616:
615:
611:
609:
606:
605:
601:
599:
596:
595:
591:
589:
586:
585:
581:
579:
576:
575:
571:
569:
566:
565:
561:
559:
556:
555:
547:
546:
536:
534:
531:
530:
526:
524:
521:
520:
516:
514:
511:
510:
507:
505:
502:
501:
497:
495:
492:
491:
487:
485:
482:
481:
477:
475:
472:
471:
467:
465:
464:Kushan Empire
462:
461:
457:
455:
452:
451:
447:
445:
442:
441:
438:247 BC–224 AD
437:
435:
432:
431:
427:
425:
422:
421:
417:
415:
414:Maurya Empire
412:
411:
407:
405:
402:
401:
397:
395:
392:
391:
387:
385:
382:
381:
377:
375:
374:Median Empire
372:
371:
367:
365:
362:
361:
357:
355:
352:
351:
347:
345:
342:
341:
336:
331:
330:
327:
324:
323:
319:
315:
314:
311:
304:
299:
293:
287:
285:
283:
279:
274:
271:
267:
263:
259:
255:
251:
243:
235:
231:
222:
219:
217:
209:
207:
204: •
198:
185:
178:
175:
173:
166:
163:
161:
154:
143:
134:
106:Coordinates:
79:
65:
59:
47:
39:
31:
19:
3037:Lazha Mangal
2990:
2984:
2938:
2920:
2902:
2892:
2875:
2863:. Retrieved
2859:
2850:
2825:. Retrieved
2818:the original
2805:
2795:December 26,
2793:. Retrieved
2780:
2771:
2762:
2748:
2739:
2729:
2715:
2705:
2695:
2687:
2683:
2674:
2665:
2623:
2616:
2605:. Retrieved
2601:the original
2591:
2580:. Retrieved
2576:the original
2551:the original
2541:
2529:. Retrieved
2525:the original
2514:
2502:. Retrieved
2497:Pike, John.
2479:the original
2469:
2405:
2374:
2354:, the first
2349:
2337:
2333:
2330:
2327:
2301:
2292:
2277:Please help
2265:
2233:
2227:
2220:
2209:
2206:Demographics
2200:
1936:mm (inches)
1523:
1514:
1463:
1457:
1444:Ashraf Ghani
1431:killed five
1429:truck bomber
1419:
1408:
1404:Hamid Karzai
1383:
1372:
1363:
1354:
1348:
1327:
1301:
1278:
1176:List of wars
1025:(reinstated)
985:(reinstated)
358:2100–1800 BC
348:2200–1800 BC
275:
249:
229:
228:
3158:Peiwar Pass
3107:Gulakai Kot
3027:Gerda Serai
2504:22 December
2430:Shah Gardez
2401:203rd Corps
2377:Afghan Army
1479:connecting
1473:Ab-i Istada
1422:14 May 2020
1297:Hindu Shahi
1293:Hephthalite
1096:Kushanshahr
973:US invasion
708:Khwarezmids
558:Kabul Shahi
513:Alchon Huns
368:1500–535 BC
309:Afghanistan
307:History of
262:Afghanistan
153:Afghanistan
128: /
3219:Categories
3173:Takur Ghar
3122:Qila Niazi
3047:Said Karam
2914:Literature
2885:113405422X
2827:2011-12-16
2607:2015-10-22
2582:2015-10-22
1493:Parachinar
1465:Bālā Hesār
1340:Bilgetegin
1111:Zabulistan
1086:Kafiristan
1081:Kabulistan
903:Daoud coup
738:Qarlughids
678:Ghaznavids
588:Tang China
533:Nezak Huns
458:155–80? BC
428:256–125 BC
418:305–180 BC
408:312–150 BC
398:330–312 BC
388:550–330 BC
378:728–550 BC
266:Hindu Kush
191:Population
116:69°13′01″E
113:33°36′00″N
3194:Governors
3178:Tera Pass
3141:Landforms
3117:Mir Zakah
3112:Khandkhel
3012:Ahmadkhel
3007:Ahmad Aba
2999:Districts
2531:August 1,
2339:Madrasaye
2266:does not
1460:Tora Bora
1454:Geography
1441:President
1433:civilians
1395:communist
1356:Baburnama
1324:Kharijism
1051:Arachosia
1017:2004–2021
1002:2001–2004
967:1996–2001
957:1992–1996
937:1978–1992
917:1973–1978
897:1926–1973
877:1823–1926
867:1818–1855
857:1747–1823
847:1738–1747
837:1716–1732
827:1709–1738
817:1510–1709
807:1501–1738
782:1520–1591
772:1370–1507
762:1245–1381
752:1256–1335
748:Ilkhanate
742:1224–1266
732:1226–1245
722:1219–1226
712:1215–1231
702:1037–1194
658:Saffarids
448:180–90 BC
216:Time zone
183:Elevation
3127:Tsamkani
3102:Bala Deh
3057:Tsamkani
3032:Janikhel
2865:4 August
2836:cite web
2673:(1977).
2499:"Gardez"
2449:See also
2223:Ahmadzai
2212:Pashtuns
2197:Land use
2184:3,234.4
2094:Average
2001:(12.43)
1932:Average
1922:(−18.0)
1872:(−22.0)
1469:fortress
1320:Pakistan
1316:Gandhara
1312:Buddhism
1308:Hinduism
1289:Sassanid
1217:Category
1091:Khorasan
1071:Gandhara
1012:politics
913:Republic
813:Safavids
768:Timurids
682:963–1187
668:Samanids
648:Tahirids
638:Abbasids
608:Umayyads
550:Medieval
326:Timeline
298:a series
296:Part of
221:UTC+4:30
172:District
160:Province
64:fortress
3042:Mirzaka
2986:Capital
2860:nps.edu
2399:by the
2389:Paktika
2352:Taliban
2345:mosques
2341:Roshānī
2287:removed
2272:sources
2225:tribe.
1996:(1.31)
1991:(0.49)
1986:(0.23)
1981:(0.04)
1976:(0.30)
1971:(0.62)
1966:(0.19)
1961:(0.85)
1956:(1.98)
1951:(2.58)
1946:(2.43)
1941:(1.41)
1912:(15.3)
1907:(32.9)
1902:(40.1)
1897:(48.2)
1892:(40.5)
1887:(27.5)
1882:(20.5)
1877:(−3.3)
1857:(36.4)
1852:(18.3)
1847:(27.0)
1842:(36.1)
1837:(47.1)
1832:(56.8)
1827:(58.8)
1822:(54.5)
1817:(46.2)
1812:(39.2)
1807:(27.9)
1802:(13.8)
1797:(10.9)
1787:(48.4)
1782:(28.0)
1777:(38.8)
1772:(50.9)
1767:(62.1)
1762:(70.0)
1757:(71.6)
1752:(69.1)
1747:(59.2)
1742:(50.2)
1737:(36.9)
1732:(23.5)
1727:(21.0)
1717:(61.8)
1712:(42.3)
1707:(53.4)
1702:(65.5)
1697:(77.2)
1692:(84.2)
1687:(85.3)
1682:(82.0)
1677:(72.0)
1672:(62.2)
1667:(47.8)
1662:(36.1)
1657:(33.8)
1647:(94.6)
1642:(63.7)
1637:(68.0)
1632:(82.0)
1627:(86.0)
1622:(92.8)
1617:(94.6)
1612:(94.1)
1607:(87.8)
1602:(79.7)
1597:(76.5)
1592:(54.9)
1587:(58.3)
1511:Climate
1437:Taliban
1426:suicide
1353:in his
1141:Culture
1066:Bactria
994:Interim
893:Kingdom
873:Emirate
803:Mughals
778:Arghuns
758:Kartids
698:Seljuks
688:Ghurids
672:875–999
662:863–900
652:821–873
642:750–821
632:750-977
622:680–870
618:Zunbils
612:661–750
602:660–842
592:660–669
582:652–661
562:565–879
537:484–711
527:410–557
517:380–560
498:320–465
488:230–651
335:Ancient
288:History
278:Taliban
242:Persian
141:Country
38:Persian
3204:Muqbil
3132:Zurmat
3072:Zurmat
3062:Zadran
3022:Gardez
2991:Gardez
2941:, 1965
2931:, 1977
2929:UNICEF
2887:, 209.
2883:
2631:
2391:, and
2385:Ghazni
2381:Paktya
2360:Paktiā
2240:Pashto
2181:200.4
2178:253.9
2175:302.4
2172:329.8
2169:335.8
2166:343.0
2163:357.5
2160:316.2
2157:242.9
2154:214.2
2151:166.8
2148:171.5
1927:(−24)
1917:(8.2)
1867:(−24)
1538:Month
1489:Ghazni
1375:Paktiā
1368:Zurmut
1361:Mughal
1351:Baburs
1295:, and
1106:Sistan
1061:Ariana
795:Modern
300:on the
250:Gardēz
234:Pashto
230:Gardez
210:70,641
199:70,000
150:
91:Gardez
34:Gardez
3187:Other
3097:Aryob
3052:Shwak
2925:Kabul
2821:(PDF)
2814:(PDF)
2236:Tājīk
2216:Tajik
1999:315.5
1920:−27.8
1915:−13.2
1875:−19.6
1870:−30.0
1800:−10.1
1795:−11.7
1577:Year
1505:Kabul
1501:Khost
1491:with
1485:Khost
1483:with
1481:Kabul
1364:tūmān
1304:Lawik
1285:Greek
1029:since
628:Lawik
246:گردیز
238:ګردېز
206:Urban
42:گردیز
3067:Zazi
2881:ISBN
2867:2024
2842:link
2797:2012
2658:LINK
2629:ISBN
2533:2015
2506:2016
2270:any
2268:cite
2228:The
2098:(%)
1994:33.2
1989:12.4
1969:15.8
1959:21.7
1954:50.4
1949:65.5
1944:61.7
1939:35.8
1910:−9.3
1885:−2.5
1880:−6.4
1850:−7.6
1845:−2.8
1830:13.8
1825:14.9
1820:12.5
1805:−2.3
1780:−2.2
1770:10.5
1765:16.7
1760:21.1
1755:22.0
1750:20.6
1745:15.1
1740:10.1
1730:−4.7
1725:−6.1
1715:16.6
1705:11.9
1700:18.6
1695:25.1
1690:29.0
1685:29.6
1680:27.8
1675:22.2
1670:16.8
1645:34.8
1640:17.6
1635:20.0
1630:27.8
1625:30.0
1620:33.8
1615:34.8
1610:34.5
1605:31.0
1600:26.5
1595:24.7
1590:12.7
1585:14.6
1574:Dec
1571:Nov
1568:Oct
1565:Sep
1562:Aug
1559:Jul
1556:Jun
1553:May
1550:Apr
1547:Mar
1544:Feb
1541:Jan
1424:, a
1366:of "
1171:Wars
1151:Name
1076:Iran
1056:Aria
1031:2021
988:2001
977:2001
947:1990
927:1978
907:1973
887:1929
50:City
2281:by
2137:54
2134:60
2131:51
2128:45
2125:45
2122:51
2119:49
2116:39
2113:47
2110:58
2107:66
2104:72
2101:69
2089:29
2045:36
1984:5.8
1979:0.9
1974:7.5
1964:4.8
1925:−31
1905:0.5
1900:4.5
1895:9.0
1890:4.7
1865:−31
1855:2.4
1840:2.3
1835:8.4
1815:7.9
1810:4.0
1785:9.1
1775:3.8
1735:2.7
1710:5.7
1665:8.8
1660:2.3
1655:1.0
1524:BSk
1477:one
1420:On
1310:or
504:Rob
260:of
3221::
2989::
2927:,
2923:,
2901:.
2858:.
2838:}}
2834:{{
2788:.
2770:.
2738:.
2643:^
2559:^
2487:^
2403:.
2387:,
2383:,
2086:6
2083:1
2080:0
2077:0
2074:0
2071:0
2068:0
2065:0
2062:1
2059:5
2056:8
2053:8
2042:1
2039:3
2036:2
2033:0
2030:2
2027:3
2024:2
2021:6
2018:9
2015:6
2012:1
2009:1
1507:.
1381:.
1346:.
1291:,
1287:,
284:.
248:;
244::
240:/
236::
40::
2968:e
2961:t
2954:v
2905:.
2869:.
2844:)
2830:.
2799:.
2742:.
2723:.
2660:)
2637:.
2610:.
2585:.
2535:.
2508:.
2308:)
2302:(
2297:)
2293:(
2289:.
2275:.
1519:(
1256:e
1249:t
1242:v
1014:)
1010:(
996:/
232:(
20:)
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