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In
October 1985, with negotiations in progress, skirmishes took place between Geagea's supporters and Hobeika's supporters, where Hobeika's supporters tried to bribe Geagea's supporter's to betray Geagea. In December 1985, a peace agreement, the Tripartite Accord, was reached. It was signed by
840:
The support of the Kataeb to the pro-Geagea LF faction during the conflict that ensued proved decisive in the defeat of
Hobeika, resulting in his ousting from the command of the LF, which was subsequently taken over by the victorious Geagea. The defeated Hobeika escaped from east Beirut in a
766:, which became known as the Tripartite Accord. One of the cornerstones of the agreement was the disbandment of Lebanese militia forces. It also provided for initiating political changes that would end Christian dominance of the Lebanese parliament and army.
769:
There was a dispute over whether to retain links with Israel and how to react to Syrian-sponsored negotiations to end the fighting. Hobeika broke LF links with Israel and supported the negotiations between the LF, the
Lebanese government, Syria, and
739:
The tussle between Samir Geagea and Elie
Hobeika for control over the Lebanese Forces (LF) had started as early as March 1985. That same month, Samir Geagea gained control over the LF after defeating the last leader of the Phalangist militia,
825:
Samir Geagea and president Amine
Gemayel decided not to accept the agreement, with Geagea's LF faction attacking Hobeika's LF Loyalists' positions in east Beirut on 8 January 1986, being backed by the
345:
744:. In May of that same year, however, Elie Hobeika was appointed to lead that unit. In December 1985, Hobeika signed in the name of the LF an agreement with the Syrian government, the
853:(LFEC) militia sponsored by Syria. Later, Geagea attacked the Kataeb that supported him and started a consolidation of power campaign, which resulted in crippling the Kataeb.
1284:
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Hobeika for the LF, but the LF Command
Council was split, with only half agreeing with the deal. In addition, the agreement was criticized by the former President of Lebanon
596:
390:
50:
414:
1058:, Library of Congress, Federal Research Division, Headquarters, Department of the Army (DA Pam 550-24), Washington D.C., December 1987 (Third edition 1989). –
778:. Geagea opposed the negotiations which he claimed would make unacceptable concessions to Syria and weaken the Lebanese Christian community's political power.
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833:. On 13 January, in a bid to greatly extend Hobeika's own power, his faction stepped up the conflict by assaulting the positions held by the
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from his position as leader of the LF and replaced him with Geagea. The coup came in response to
Hobeika's signing of the Syrian-sponsored
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loyal to Amine
Gemayel. The Kataeb party leader, Amine Gemayel, was serving as President of Lebanon at the time.
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leaders because they felt that this agreement was one-sided, favoring the Muslim communities in
Lebanon.
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L'armée libanaise pendant la guerre: un instrument du pouvoir du président de la République (1975-1985)
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Jean-Marc
Aractingi, "La Politique à mes trousses ",Chapitre Liban, Éditions L'Harmattan ,2006
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Civil Society and Political Reform in Lebanon and Libya: Transition and Constraint
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32:
805:
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160:
1230:
Tank battles of the Mid-East Wars (2): The wars of 1973 to the present
323:
191:
1173:(World Leaders Past & Present), Chelsea House Publishers, 1988.
1249:
946:"Lebanon: Information on the Jaejae, Hobeika and al-Kataeb groups"
849:, where he rallied his remaining supporters to form the dissident
842:
804:
771:
195:
1218:, Men-at-Arms series 194, Osprey Publishing Ltd, London 1988.
1039:
The Lebanese Army – A National institution in a divided society
981:
The Lebanese Army – A National institution in a divided society
327:
1204:, Men-at-Arms series 165, Osprey Publishing Ltd, London 1985.
26:
1159:, Arms and Armour Press, London 1994, pp. 97–111.
707:
On January 15, 1986, forces loyal to Lebanese president
1250:
Histoire militaire de l'armée libanaise de 1975 à 1990
1020:
Sandcastles: The Arabs in Search of the Modern World
1190:, London: Oxford University Press, (3rd ed. 2001).
1041:, State University of New York Press, Albany 2009.
57:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1200:Samuel M. Katz, Lee E. Russel, and Ron Volstad,
1075:Histoire du Liban contemporain: Tome 2 1943-1990
131:
1157:Flashpoint! At the Front Line of Today's Wars
339:
8:
1115:, RAIDS magazine n.º41, October 1989 issue.
217:Geagea becomes leader of the Lebanese Forces
170:Samir Geagea (left) and Elie Hobeika (right)
841:helicopter and made his way to the town of
346:
332:
324:
128:
948:. Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
117:Learn how and when to remove this message
1232:, Concord Publications, Hong Kong 1998.
913:
1113:Liban – dix jours aux cœur des combats
920:
1216:Arab Armies of the Middle East wars 2
220:Hobeika flees to Zahle and forms the
7:
1285:1980s coups d'état and coup attempts
932:
679:Civil Administration of the Mountain
536:1982 kidnapping of Iranian diplomats
55:adding citations to reliable sources
1101:, Palgrave Macmillan, London 1998.
883:Lebanese Forces – Executive Command
851:Lebanese Forces – Executive Command
222:Lebanese Forces - Executive Command
66:"January 1986 Lebanese Forces coup"
25:
1275:Battles of the Lebanese Civil War
893:Weapons of the Lebanese Civil War
821:(right), east Beirut, late 1980s.
612:January 1986 Lebanese Forces coup
132:January 1986 Lebanese Forces coup
1290:Beirut in the Lebanese Civil War
1214:Samuel M. Katz and Ron Volstad,
1111:Éric Micheletti and Yves Debay,
786:and leader of the predominately
727:that aimed to put an end to the
310:
298:
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260:
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159:
150:
31:
1188:Pity the Nation: Lebanon at War
546:Assassination of Bachir Gemayel
42:needs additional citations for
903:9th Infantry Brigade (Lebanon)
617:Assassination of Rashid Karami
541:Multinational Force in Lebanon
1:
1023:. Syracuse University Press.
1099:Civil War in Lebanon 1975-92
715:, intelligence chief of the
644:Assassination of René Moawad
1134:, Lulu.com, Beyrouth 2012.
749:Progressive Socialist Party
689:South Lebanon security belt
468:1978 South Lebanon conflict
1321:
597:U.S. embassy annex bombing
552:Sabra and Shatila massacre
207:Pro-Geagea/Kataeb Victory
1202:Armies in Lebanon 1982-84
845:in the Syrian-controlled
669:People's Republic of Tyre
657:Cantons and puppet states
456:St George's Church attack
365:
269:
233:
174:
144:
136:
1056:Lebanon: a country study
968:Lebanon: a country study
607:1985 Beirut car bombings
415:1976 Syrian intervention
1017:Viorst, Milton (1995).
590:Fourth phase: 1984–1990
442:Second phase: 1977–1982
18:Geagea-Hobeika Conflict
1077:, Fayard, Paris 2005.
1054:Thomas Collelo (ed.),
888:Mountain War (Lebanon)
822:
817:of the NLP (left) and
791:National Liberal Party
632:Dahr al-Wahsh massacre
519:Third phase: 1982–1984
421:Siege of Tel al-Zaatar
368:First phase: 1975–1977
270:Commanders and leaders
996:Geha, Carmen (2016).
868:Lebanese Armed Forces
809:LF Supreme Commander
808:
684:State of Free Lebanon
513:Iraqi Embassy bombing
835:Kataeb Party militia
583:1984 Sohmor massacre
558:U.S. embassy bombing
508:1981 Israeli bombing
385:Battle of the Hotels
256:Kataeb Party Militia
51:improve this article
1169:Matthew S. Gordon,
898:Young Men (Lebanon)
793:(NLP), and by some
578:February 6 Intifada
526:1982 Beirut bombing
396:Black Saturday
379:Black Thursday
265:Pro-Hobeika faction
1228:Steven J. Zaloga,
873:Lebanese Civil War
823:
788:Christian Maronite
729:Lebanese Civil War
664:East Beirut canton
637:War of Elimination
402:Karantina massacre
357:Lebanese Civil War
246:Pro-Geagea faction
139:Lebanese Civil War
1270:Conflicts in 1986
1142:, 1291036601 (in
1083:978-2-213-61521-9
1047:978-0-7914-9345-8
725:Tripartite Accord
704:
703:
627:War of Liberation
573:Battle of Tripoli
568:Mountain War
563:Barracks bombings
473:Battle of Kaukaba
463:Hundred Days' War
435:Aishiyeh massacre
322:
321:
229:
228:
212:Tripartite Accord
127:
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16:(Redirected from
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1300:1986 in politics
1130:Joseph Hokayem,
1095:Edgar O'Ballance
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774:leaders such as
742:Fouad Abou Nader
602:War of the Camps
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531:1982 Lebanon War
503:Battle of Zahleh
493:At Tiri incident
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391:ASALA insurgency
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1305:1980s in Beirut
1280:1986 in Lebanon
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1073:Denise Ammoun,
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1065:Further reading
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983:(2009), p. 115.
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784:Camille Chamoun
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649:Battle of Sidon
622:War of Brothers
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1002:. Routledge.
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709:Amine Gemayel
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62:Find sources:
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52:
46:
45:
40:This article
38:
34:
29:
28:
19:
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1215:
1201:
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1171:The Gemayels
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1055:
1038:
1037:Oren Barak,
1019:
998:
980:
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962:
950:. Retrieved
940:
928:
916:
847:Beqaa Valley
839:
824:
815:Dany Chamoun
811:Samir Geagea
780:
768:
738:
721:Elie Hobeika
713:Samir Geagea
706:
656:
655:
611:
589:
588:
518:
517:
483:Qaa massacre
441:
440:
374:Bus massacre
367:
317:Elie Hobeika
283:Samir Geagea
234:Belligerents
206:
182:January 1986
137:Part of the
113:
107:October 2013
104:
94:
87:
80:
73:
61:
49:Please help
44:verification
41:
1184:Robert Fisk
1151:Ken Guest,
921:Viorst 1995
831:9th Brigade
764:Nabih Berri
757:Shia Muslim
1264:Categories
990:References
819:Leila Hawi
762:headed by
755:, and the
735:Background
77:newspapers
1121:0769-4814
966:Collelo,
933:Geha 2016
674:Fatahland
857:See also
801:The coup
214:rejected
187:Location
1153:Lebanon
979:Barak,
91:scholar
1254:French
1236:
1222:
1208:
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1177:
1163:
1144:French
1138:
1125:French
1119:
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1087:French
1081:
1045:
1027:
1006:
952:4 July
203:Result
192:Beirut
93:
86:
79:
72:
64:
1155:, in
909:Notes
843:Zahle
772:Druze
746:Druze
98:JSTOR
84:books
1252:(in
1234:ISBN
1220:ISBN
1206:ISBN
1192:ISBN
1175:ISBN
1161:ISBN
1146:) –
1136:ISBN
1123:(in
1117:ISSN
1103:ISBN
1089:) –
1085:(in
1079:ISBN
1043:ISBN
1025:ISBN
1004:ISBN
954:2013
711:and
196:Metn
194:and
179:Date
70:news
829:'s
53:by
1266::
1186:,
1097:,
1049:–
731:.
1256:)
1127:)
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347:e
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114:(
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105:(
95:·
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