495:
705:. The main threat is deforestation, which is causing population declines in some areas despite its ability to adapt to some modifications of its habitat. It is also sometimes hunted and captured for the pet trade in Panama. A 1985 study in Panama concluded that Geoffroy tamarin population densities are higher in areas where human access is limited. Human activity in Panama can have both positive and negative effects on Geoffroy's-tamarin populations. While hunting decreases the population, cutting mature forest for agriculture provides more areas of secondary growth, which is beneficial for the tamarin.
31:
288:
621:. The interbirth period ranges between 154 and 540 days, with an average of 311 days. The longer interbirth periods occur after twins. Infants weigh between 40 and 50 grams (1.4 and 1.8 oz) and are born fully furred. The infant's fur is colored differently than the parents'; the infant has black fur on the body and tail, with a beige blaze and white face. The infant coloration reduces the visibility of white, which is associated with aggressive displays by the species.
598:
245:
103:
470:. Unlike some other New World monkeys, it does come down to the ground occasionally. This is normally done only in special circumstances, such as to acquire certain foods or to get to a tree it cannot otherwise reach. Group size is generally between three and nine monkeys, with three to five being most common. Groups often consist of more than one adult of each sex. Adults of both sexes migrate between groups. Groups show some degree of
61:
1525:
2410:
510:, which often move through the canopy by climbing and descending vertical tree trunks, Geoffroy's tamarin generally avoids large vertical supports during travel. It prefers to move across thin branches, ascending and descending by long leaps. To the extent Geoffroy's tamarin uses large vertical supports for travel, it uses them most often for ascending rather than descending.
1511:
633:
contribute to infant care, although infants prefer to be carried by their parents than their siblings. Infants become mobile at 2 to 5 weeks, and begin eating solid food at 4 to 7 weeks. They are independent at 10 to 18 weeks and are fully weaned at 15 to 25 weeks. Geoffroy's tamarin becomes sexually mature at about 2 years, and can live up to 13 years.
454:), and females are slightly larger on average, with an average weight of 507 grams (17.9 oz). The fur on its back is variegated black and yellow, with pale legs, feet and chest. Its face is nearly bare, but the head has reddish fur with a triangle-shaped patch in the front of the head. The tail is chestnut-red and has a black tip.
576:) and fruit. Unlike marmosets, tamarins do not have dentition adapted for gouging trees, so Geoffroy's tamarin eats sap only when it is easily accessible. It generally hunts for insects by making quick movements on thin, flexible supports. In contrast, it generally feeds on sap while clinging to large vertical tree trunks.
486:
Communication occurs both through vocalization and by visual gestures. Vocalizations that have been recorded include whistles, twitters, trills, loud or soft sharp notes, sneezes and long rasps. Body postures and displays that reveal more of the white coloration, such as standing on hind legs and
632:
mating occurs, and males contribute heavily to parental care. But typically, only one adult female in a group is reproductively active, and reproductively active females mate with multiple males if given the opportunity. Males carry and groom infants more than females do. Older siblings may also
544:
birds in Panama, and they share similar vocalizations. The tamarins may use the flycatcher calls to help find favorable food sources. The flycatchers and tamarins have different patterns of activity, which minimizes competition for similar food sources. The flycatchers are most active shortly
342:, Geoffroy's tamarin spends most of its time in trees, but does come down to the ground occasionally. It lives in groups that most often number between three and five individuals, and generally include one or more adults of each sex. It eats a variety of foods, including insects,
418:, based on fur coloration, cranial and mandibular morphology, and ear size. However, more recent research indicates that the two taxa differ sufficiently to be considered separate species. According to genetic analyses, the two species diverged approximately 1.2 million years ago.
353:
period of about 145 days, she gives birth to either a single infant or twins. Males contribute significantly to care of the infants. Sexual maturity is reached at about 2 years, and it can live up to 13 years. Geoffroy's tamarin is classified as being "near threatened" by the
525:. Avoidance is spatial with respect to the capuchin, and temporal in the case of the night monkey, since Geoffroy's tamarin is only active during daylight hours and the Panamanian night monkey is only active at night. Geoffroy's tamarin is rarely observed in the vicinity of
478:
in Panama range between 3.6 and 5.7 monkeys per square kilometer, but in other areas the population density can be as much as 20 to 30 monkeys per square kilometer. On average, Geoffroy's tamarin ranges 2061 meters per day. Home range size varies between 9.4
346:, fruits and other plant parts. Insects and fruits account for the majority of its diet, but exudates are also important. But since its teeth are not adapted for gouging trees to get to the sap, it can only eat exudates when they are easily available.
612:
Geoffroy's tamarin can give birth throughout the year, but the birthing peak is from April to June. A single infant or twins can be born, although it is not uncommon for one of the twins to perish within the first few months. The
545:
after dawn and tend to rest in the middle of the day. The tamarins do not become active until about 45 minutes after full daylight, but remain active for most of the remaining daylight hours until an hour or less before sunset.
1378:
Garber, P.; Estrada, A. & Pavelka, M. (2006). "New
Perspectives in the Study of Mesoamerican Primates: Concluding Comments and Conservation Priorities". In Estrada, A.; Garber, P.; Pavelka, M. & Luecke, L. (eds.).
918:
Rylands, A.; Groves, C.; Mittermeier, R.; Cortes-Ortiz, L. & Hines, J. (2006). "Taxonomy and
Distributions of Mesoamerican Primates". In Estrada, A.; Garber, P.; Pavelka, M. & Luecke, L. (eds.).
349:
Although a variety of reproductive methods are used, the most common is for a single adult female in the group to be reproductively active and to mate with multiple adult males in the group. After a
649:, and dry and moist tropical forest. In Panama, it prefers secondary forests with moderate humidity. It occurs in central and eastern Panama, with the range extending slightly west of the
2289:
566:
trees), and 8% other items. Another study, on Barro
Colorado Island, showed 60% fruit, 30% insects and 10% green plant parts, including large amounts of elephant ear tree (
2545:
997:
Buckner, Janet C.; Lynch Alfaro, Jessica W.; Rylands, Anthony B.; Alfaro, Michael E. (January 2015). "Biogeography of the marmosets and tamarins (Callitrichidae)".
2677:
698:
355:
2697:
2610:
945:
529:, although this appears to be the result of the squirrels avoiding interactions with the larger tamarins. Geoffroy's tamarin generally attempts to escape when
1557:
553:
Geoffroy's tamarin has a varied diet that includes fruits, insects, exudates (gums and saps), and green plant parts. The diet varies seasonally. A study by
2519:
777:
Rylands AB, Mittermeier RA (2009). "The
Diversity of the New World Primates (Platyrrhini)". In Garber PA, Estrada A, Bicca-Marques JC, Heymann EW,
2707:
2558:
2282:
443:
682:
1419:
1388:
928:
790:
2687:
2702:
2275:
1994:
2298:
1444:
1221:
1196:
1166:
1126:
1054:
746:
2003:
2584:
2321:
2048:
2021:
1550:
1292:
Sussman, R.W.; Garber, P.A. (1987). "A New
Interporetation of the Social Organization and Mating System of the Callitrichidae".
2391:
2039:
2030:
2602:
2341:
2563:
661:
coast, and is only abundant on the
Atlantic coast in areas near the Canal zone that have been modified by man. It occurs in
1843:
494:
1515:
2692:
2113:
2597:
1543:
2351:
980:
533:
approach, regardless of whether the bird presents a true danger. However, the tamarins ignore one bird of prey, the
736:
2311:
2257:
1967:
1926:
30:
2615:
491:, tend to be associated with aggression. Females often signal willingness to mate by rapidly coiling their tails.
446:. The tail length is between 314 and 386 millimetres (12.4 and 15.2 in). Males have an average weight of 486
1816:
674:
662:
537:, which sometimes follows the tamarins in an apparent effort to feed on small animals disturbed by the tamarins.
102:
287:
568:
398:
reverted to older classifications which considered
Callitrichidae a separate family. It is a member the genus
2381:
1807:
1762:
522:
2471:
1529:
2433:
2012:
1935:
1876:
1867:
894:
New perspectives in the study of
Mesoamerican primates: distribution, ecology, behavior, and conservation
2636:
2095:
1985:
1976:
1771:
1744:
1667:
1649:
1640:
1631:
518:
475:
217:
1825:
2506:
2480:
2241:
2232:
2213:
2195:
2158:
2131:
1834:
1735:
1006:
783:
South
American Primates: Comparative Perspectives in the Study of Behavior, Ecology, and Conservation
625:
391:
845:
2331:
1950:
1917:
1753:
653:
zone and has been observed as far west as Altos de
Campana National Park. It is less common on the
629:
559:
534:
467:
395:
50:
589:
flowers. However, it is believed to also drink from tree holes, similar to other tamarin species.
557:
estimated that the diet was made up of 40% insects, 38% fruit, 14% exudates (almost entirely from
2186:
2140:
1908:
1798:
1708:
1489:
1357:
1309:
471:
407:
403:
257:
97:
2641:
1676:
2550:
1158:
1152:
597:
244:
2682:
2623:
2493:
1789:
1780:
1481:
1440:
1415:
1411:
1405:
1384:
1217:
1192:
1162:
1122:
1050:
1022:
972:
924:
786:
752:
742:
618:
541:
499:
2628:
1717:
1473:
1349:
1301:
1269:
1014:
964:
840:
646:
580:
367:
234:
2576:
2485:
2204:
1658:
1535:
778:
702:
387:
383:
65:
1336:
Garber, P.A. (1980). "Locomotor Behavior and Feeding Ecology of the Panamanian Tamarin (
1010:
2371:
1858:
1726:
1567:
654:
642:
427:
371:
184:
822:
2671:
2571:
2415:
2104:
831:
732:
658:
530:
70:
1493:
1361:
1313:
2498:
2122:
1891:
1691:
728:
650:
488:
402:, the genus containing most tamarins. There are no recognized subspecies. In 1977,
375:
2654:
2589:
2532:
2465:
1018:
666:
573:
554:
1524:
572:) sap. Another study showed a diet about equally split between insects (mostly
2405:
1614:
1603:
686:
678:
602:
463:
435:
434:), Geoffroy's tamarin is a small monkey. With a length of between 225 and 240
339:
291:
164:
38:
2456:
2267:
1191:(Second ed.). Chicago, Ill.; London: Univ. of Chicago Pr. p. 118.
968:
756:
614:
514:
431:
350:
114:
1485:
1477:
1273:
1026:
867:
677:. The eastern boundary of its range in Colombia was once thought to be the
1510:
976:
2450:
1585:
821:
Link, A.; Méndez-Carvajal, P.G.; Palacios, E.; Mittermeier, R.A. (2021).
526:
507:
498:
Geoffroy's tamarin was previously considered a subspecies of the similar
415:
331:
134:
1121:. Bogotá, D.C., Colombia: Conservation International. pp. 163–169.
2524:
2063:
1597:
1353:
1305:
1256:
Moynihan, M. (1970). "Some Behavior Patterns of Playrrhine Monkeys II.
585:
480:
379:
343:
323:
194:
154:
2537:
1591:
1579:
606:
563:
327:
295:
174:
144:
124:
42:
2427:
1047:
A Field Guide to the Mammals of Central America and Southeast Mexico
685:. Older sources sometimes report the species occurring in southern
2649:
670:
596:
493:
451:
286:
87:
81:
950:
group of the bare-face tamarins: Evidence from facial morphology"
738:
Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference
447:
439:
335:
2511:
2431:
2271:
1539:
641:
Geoffroy's tamarin lives in various types of forest, including
366:
Like the other tamarins and marmosets, Geoffroy's tamarin is a
540:
The diet of Geoffroy's tamarin is similar to some species of
741:(3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
1460:
Skinner, C. (1985). "A field study of Geoffroy's tamarin (
669:. In Colombia, it occurs on the Pacific coast west of the
617:
period is believed to be about 145 days, similar to the
334:. It is predominantly black and white, with a reddish
1381:
New Perspectives in the Study of Mesoamerican Primates
921:
New Perspectives in the Study of Mesoamerican Primates
579:
In one study, Geoffroy's tamarin drank water from the
1157:. Charlestown, Rhode Island: Pogonias Press. p.
406:
classified Geoffroy's tamarin as a subspecies of the
681:, but has been reported further east, including the
2440:
2230:
2171:
2080:
2061:
1948:
1889:
1856:
1689:
1612:
517:small and medium size monkey species such as the
1373:
1371:
846:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T41522A192551955.en
913:
911:
909:
907:
905:
903:
699:International Union for Conservation of Nature
462:Like all callitrichids, Geoffroy's tamarin is
2283:
1551:
1049:. Oxford University Press. pp. 173–174.
8:
1331:
1329:
1327:
1325:
1323:
1189:Neotropical Rainforest Mammals A Field Guide
1112:
1110:
1108:
1106:
1104:
1102:
1100:
1098:
1096:
1094:
1092:
1090:
1088:
1086:
252:Approximate range of the Geoffory's Tamarin
1084:
1082:
1080:
1078:
1076:
1074:
1072:
1070:
1068:
1066:
944:Moore, A. J. & Cheverud, J. M. (1992).
2428:
2290:
2276:
2268:
2077:
1558:
1544:
1536:
1437:The Natural History of Costa Rican Mammals
1154:The Pictorial Guide to the Living Primates
442:), excluding the tail, it is the smallest
243:
59:
29:
20:
1287:
1285:
1283:
957:American Journal of Physical Anthropology
844:
378:included the Callitrichids in the family
1251:
1249:
1247:
1245:
1243:
1241:
1239:
1237:
1235:
1233:
1182:
1180:
1178:
713:
701:classifies Geoffroy's tamarin as being
689:, but these are most likely erroneous.
1146:
1144:
1142:
1140:
1138:
1040:
1038:
1036:
923:. New York: Springer. pp. 32–37.
816:
814:
812:
810:
808:
806:
804:
802:
723:
721:
719:
717:
2678:IUCN Red List near threatened species
999:Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
772:
770:
768:
766:
7:
2698:Least concern biota of North America
1342:International Journal of Primatology
1294:International Journal of Primatology
1262:Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology
513:Geoffroy's tamarin generally avoids
1383:. New York: Springer. p. 567.
1216:. Aldine Transaction. p. 237.
832:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
683:Las Orquídeas National Natural Park
326:, a type of small monkey, found in
14:
2040:Red-mantled saddle-back tamarin (
1995:Cruz Lima's saddle-back tamarin (
1410:. Wiley Publishing, Inc. p.
474:defense. Population densities on
2408:
2322:Central American squirrel monkey
2004:Geoffroy's saddle-back tamarin (
1523:
1509:
414:), which resides exclusively in
101:
2392:Panamanian white-faced capuchin
2049:Weddell's saddle-back tamarin (
2022:Illiger's saddle-back tamarin (
1466:American Journal of Primatology
601:A juvenile Geoffroy's tamarin,
2708:Taxa named by Jacques Pucheran
2342:Colombian white-faced capuchin
2114:Eastern black-handed tamarin (
2031:Lesson's saddle-back tamarin (
1439:. Zona Tropical. p. 126.
1340:, Callitrichidae, Primates)".
1212:Morris, D.; Bruce, D. (2005).
1:
370:classified within the family
1968:Andean saddle-back tamarin (
1927:Golden-headed lion tamarin (
1844:Roosmalens' dwarf marmoset (
785:. Springer. pp. 23–54.
2688:Primates of Central America
1019:10.1016/j.ympev.2014.04.031
16:Species of New World monkey
2724:
2312:Black-headed spider monkey
1338:Saguinus oedipus geoffroyi
1260:and Some Other Tamarins".
2703:Mammals described in 1845
2403:
2307:
2300:Panamanian monkey species
2254:
1808:Gold-and-white marmoset (
1574:
1566:Extant species of family
663:Metropolitan Natural Park
657:coast of Panama than the
263:
256:
251:
242:
223:
216:
98:Scientific classification
96:
79:
57:
48:
37:
28:
23:
2352:Geoffroy's spider monkey
2013:Golden-mantled tamarin (
1936:Superagui lion tamarin (
1877:Western pygmy marmoset (
1868:Eastern pygmy marmoset (
1817:Hershkovitz's marmoset (
735:; Reeder, D. M. (eds.).
637:Distribution and habitat
569:Enterolobium cyclocarpum
2382:Panamanian night monkey
2096:Golden-handed tamarin (
1986:Brown-mantled tamarin (
1977:Black-mantled tamarin (
1772:Black-tailed marmoset (
1745:Black-headed marmoset (
1668:White-headed marmoset (
1650:Buffy-tufted marmoset (
1641:Buffy-headed marmoset (
1632:Black-tufted marmoset (
1435:Wainwright, M. (2002).
969:10.1002/ajpa.1330890107
665:, an urban park within
523:Panamanian night monkey
444:Central American monkey
2214:Mottle-faced tamarin (
2196:White-lipped tamarin (
2159:White-footed tamarin (
1958:(saddle-back tamarins)
1763:Schneider's marmoset (
1478:10.1002/ajp.1350090103
1274:10.5479/si.00810282.28
839:: e.T41522A192551955.
609:
503:
382:, which also includes
298:
278:Reichenbach, 1862
2637:Paleobiology Database
1918:Golden lion tamarin (
1799:Munduruku marmoset (
1699:(Amazonian marmosets)
600:
519:white-headed capuchin
497:
476:Barro Colorado Island
426:In common with other
310:), also known as the
290:
2187:Moustached tamarin (
2150:Geoffroy's tamarin (
2141:Cotton-top tamarin (
1909:Black lion tamarin (
1709:Rio Acari marmoset (
1622:(Atlantic marmosets)
1520:at Wikimedia Commons
1404:Schreck, K. (2007).
1119:Primates of Colombia
946:"Systematics of the
868:"Appendices | CITES"
422:Physical description
320:rufous-naped tamarin
2693:Mammals of Colombia
2332:Coiba Island howler
2242:Goeldi's marmoset (
2132:Martins's tamarin (
1835:Rondon's marmoset (
1781:Santarem marmoset (
1736:Emilia's marmoset (
1187:Emmons, L. (1997).
1117:Defler, T. (2004).
1011:2015MolPE..82..413B
892:Estrada, A (2006).
693:Conservation status
560:Anacardium excelsum
535:double-toothed kite
396:Russell Mittermeier
51:Conservation status
24:Geoffroy's tamarin
2486:Saguinus_geoffroyi
2472:Saguinus geoffroyi
2442:Saguinus geoffroyi
2366:Saguinus geoffroyi
2362:Geoffroy's tamarin
2336:Alouatta coibensis
1754:Marca's marmoset (
1718:Silvery marmoset (
1530:Geoffroy's tamarin
1517:Saguinus geoffroyi
1462:Saguinus geoffroyi
1354:10.1007/BF02735597
1306:10.1007/BF02737114
1258:Saguinus geoffroyi
825:Saguinus geoffroyi
610:
504:
438:(8.9 and 9.4
408:cotton-top tamarin
404:Philip Hershkovitz
307:Saguinus geoffroyi
302:Geoffroy's tamarin
299:
227:Saguinus geoffroyi
2665:
2664:
2624:Open Tree of Life
2434:Taxon identifiers
2425:
2424:
2376:Alouatta palliata
2326:Saimiri oerstedii
2265:
2264:
2226:
2225:
2205:Emperor tamarin (
2074:
1961:
1902:
1826:Satéré marmoset (
1702:
1677:Wied's marmoset (
1659:Common marmoset (
1625:
1514:Media related to
1421:978-0-470-04890-0
1390:978-0-387-25854-6
1151:Rowe, N. (1996).
1045:Reid, F. (1997).
930:978-0-387-25854-6
792:978-0-387-78704-6
619:cottontop tamarin
586:Ochroma limonesis
542:tyrant flycatcher
500:cottontop tamarin
483:and 32 hectares.
285:
284:
279:
271:
270:Elliot, 1912
209:S. geoffroyi
91:
74:
2715:
2658:
2657:
2645:
2644:
2632:
2631:
2619:
2618:
2606:
2605:
2593:
2592:
2580:
2579:
2567:
2566:
2554:
2553:
2541:
2540:
2528:
2527:
2515:
2514:
2502:
2501:
2489:
2488:
2476:
2475:
2474:
2461:
2460:
2459:
2429:
2418:
2413:
2412:
2411:
2356:Ateles geoffroyi
2316:Ateles fusciceps
2301:
2292:
2285:
2278:
2269:
2178:
2087:
2078:
2073:
2072:
2068:
1960:
1959:
1955:
1901:
1900:
1896:
1790:Maués marmoset (
1727:White marmoset (
1701:
1700:
1696:
1624:
1623:
1619:
1560:
1553:
1546:
1537:
1528:Data related to
1527:
1513:
1498:
1497:
1457:
1451:
1450:
1432:
1426:
1425:
1407:Frommer's Panama
1401:
1395:
1394:
1375:
1366:
1365:
1333:
1318:
1317:
1289:
1278:
1277:
1253:
1228:
1227:
1214:Primate Ethology
1209:
1203:
1202:
1184:
1173:
1172:
1148:
1133:
1132:
1114:
1061:
1060:
1042:
1031:
1030:
994:
988:
987:
985:
979:. Archived from
954:
948:Saguinus oedipus
941:
935:
934:
915:
898:
897:
889:
883:
882:
880:
878:
864:
858:
857:
855:
853:
848:
818:
797:
796:
774:
761:
760:
725:
647:secondary forest
412:Saguinus oedipus
388:squirrel monkeys
384:capuchin monkeys
368:New World monkey
277:
269:
247:
229:
106:
105:
85:
68:
63:
62:
33:
21:
2723:
2722:
2718:
2717:
2716:
2714:
2713:
2712:
2668:
2667:
2666:
2661:
2653:
2648:
2640:
2635:
2627:
2622:
2614:
2609:
2601:
2596:
2588:
2583:
2575:
2570:
2562:
2557:
2549:
2544:
2536:
2531:
2523:
2518:
2510:
2505:
2497:
2492:
2484:
2479:
2470:
2469:
2464:
2455:
2454:
2449:
2436:
2426:
2421:
2414:
2409:
2407:
2401:
2346:Cebus capucinus
2303:
2299:
2296:
2266:
2261:
2250:
2222:
2173:
2167:
2105:Black tamarin (
2082:
2070:
2069:
2067:
2057:
1957:
1956:
1954:
1944:
1899:(lion tamarins)
1898:
1897:
1895:
1885:
1870:C. niveiventris
1852:
1810:M. chrysoleucos
1698:
1697:
1695:
1685:
1621:
1620:
1618:
1608:
1570:
1564:
1506:
1501:
1459:
1458:
1454:
1447:
1434:
1433:
1429:
1422:
1403:
1402:
1398:
1391:
1377:
1376:
1369:
1335:
1334:
1321:
1291:
1290:
1281:
1255:
1254:
1231:
1224:
1211:
1210:
1206:
1199:
1186:
1185:
1176:
1169:
1150:
1149:
1136:
1129:
1116:
1115:
1064:
1057:
1044:
1043:
1034:
996:
995:
991:
986:on 2 July 2010.
983:
952:
943:
942:
938:
931:
917:
916:
901:
891:
890:
886:
876:
874:
866:
865:
861:
851:
849:
820:
819:
800:
793:
776:
775:
764:
749:
727:
726:
715:
711:
703:near threatened
695:
673:, south to the
639:
595:
551:
460:
424:
392:Anthony Rylands
364:
238:
231:
225:
212:
100:
92:
75:
66:Near Threatened
64:
60:
53:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2721:
2719:
2711:
2710:
2705:
2700:
2695:
2690:
2685:
2680:
2670:
2669:
2663:
2662:
2660:
2659:
2646:
2633:
2620:
2607:
2594:
2581:
2568:
2555:
2542:
2529:
2516:
2503:
2490:
2477:
2462:
2446:
2444:
2438:
2437:
2432:
2423:
2422:
2420:
2419:
2404:
2402:
2400:
2399:
2396:Cebus imitator
2389:
2379:
2372:Mantled howler
2369:
2359:
2349:
2339:
2329:
2319:
2308:
2305:
2304:
2297:
2295:
2294:
2287:
2280:
2272:
2263:
2262:
2255:
2252:
2251:
2249:
2248:
2238:
2236:
2228:
2227:
2224:
2223:
2221:
2220:
2211:
2202:
2193:
2183:
2181:
2169:
2168:
2166:
2165:
2156:
2147:
2138:
2129:
2123:Pied tamarin (
2120:
2111:
2102:
2092:
2090:
2075:
2059:
2058:
2056:
2055:
2046:
2037:
2028:
2019:
2015:S. tripartitus
2010:
2001:
1992:
1988:L. fuscicollis
1983:
1979:L. nigricollis
1974:
1964:
1962:
1946:
1945:
1943:
1942:
1933:
1929:L. chrysomelas
1924:
1915:
1911:L. chrysopygus
1905:
1903:
1892:Leontopithecus
1887:
1886:
1884:
1883:
1874:
1864:
1862:
1854:
1853:
1851:
1850:
1841:
1832:
1823:
1814:
1805:
1796:
1787:
1783:M. humeralifer
1778:
1769:
1760:
1751:
1742:
1733:
1724:
1715:
1705:
1703:
1687:
1686:
1684:
1683:
1674:
1665:
1656:
1647:
1638:
1634:C. penicillata
1628:
1626:
1610:
1609:
1607:
1606:
1600:
1594:
1588:
1582:
1575:
1572:
1571:
1568:Callitrichidae
1565:
1563:
1562:
1555:
1548:
1540:
1534:
1533:
1532:at Wikispecies
1521:
1505:
1504:External links
1502:
1500:
1499:
1464:) in Panama".
1452:
1445:
1427:
1420:
1396:
1389:
1367:
1348:(2): 185–201.
1319:
1279:
1229:
1222:
1204:
1197:
1174:
1167:
1134:
1127:
1062:
1055:
1032:
989:
936:
929:
899:
884:
859:
798:
791:
762:
747:
712:
710:
707:
694:
691:
638:
635:
594:
591:
550:
547:
502:, shown above.
459:
456:
430:(tamarins and
423:
420:
390:, but in 2009
372:Callitrichidae
363:
360:
344:plant exudates
283:
282:
281:
280:
272:
261:
260:
254:
253:
249:
248:
240:
239:
232:
221:
220:
214:
213:
206:
204:
200:
199:
192:
188:
187:
185:Callitrichidae
182:
178:
177:
172:
168:
167:
162:
158:
157:
152:
148:
147:
142:
138:
137:
132:
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80:
77:
76:
58:
55:
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45:
35:
34:
26:
25:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2720:
2709:
2706:
2704:
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2699:
2696:
2694:
2691:
2689:
2686:
2684:
2681:
2679:
2676:
2675:
2673:
2656:
2651:
2647:
2643:
2638:
2634:
2630:
2625:
2621:
2617:
2612:
2608:
2604:
2599:
2595:
2591:
2586:
2582:
2578:
2573:
2569:
2565:
2560:
2556:
2552:
2547:
2543:
2539:
2534:
2530:
2526:
2521:
2517:
2513:
2508:
2504:
2500:
2495:
2491:
2487:
2482:
2478:
2473:
2467:
2463:
2458:
2452:
2448:
2447:
2445:
2443:
2439:
2435:
2430:
2417:
2416:Panama portal
2406:
2397:
2393:
2390:
2387:
2386:Aotus zonalis
2383:
2380:
2377:
2373:
2370:
2367:
2363:
2360:
2357:
2353:
2350:
2347:
2343:
2340:
2337:
2333:
2330:
2327:
2323:
2320:
2317:
2313:
2310:
2309:
2306:
2302:
2293:
2288:
2286:
2281:
2279:
2274:
2273:
2270:
2260:
2259:
2253:
2247:
2245:
2240:
2239:
2237:
2235:
2234:
2229:
2219:
2217:
2212:
2210:
2208:
2203:
2201:
2199:
2194:
2192:
2190:
2185:
2184:
2182:
2179:
2177:
2170:
2164:
2162:
2157:
2155:
2153:
2148:
2146:
2144:
2139:
2137:
2135:
2130:
2128:
2126:
2121:
2119:
2117:
2112:
2110:
2108:
2103:
2101:
2099:
2094:
2093:
2091:
2088:
2086:
2079:
2076:
2066:
2065:
2060:
2054:
2052:
2047:
2045:
2043:
2038:
2036:
2034:
2029:
2027:
2025:
2020:
2018:
2016:
2011:
2009:
2007:
2006:L. nigrifrons
2002:
2000:
1998:
1993:
1991:
1989:
1984:
1982:
1980:
1975:
1973:
1971:
1970:L. leucogenys
1966:
1965:
1963:
1953:
1952:
1947:
1941:
1939:
1934:
1932:
1930:
1925:
1923:
1921:
1916:
1914:
1912:
1907:
1906:
1904:
1894:
1893:
1888:
1882:
1880:
1875:
1873:
1871:
1866:
1865:
1863:
1861:
1860:
1855:
1849:
1847:
1842:
1840:
1838:
1833:
1831:
1829:
1824:
1822:
1820:
1819:M. intermedia
1815:
1813:
1811:
1806:
1804:
1802:
1797:
1795:
1793:
1788:
1786:
1784:
1779:
1777:
1775:
1770:
1768:
1766:
1765:M. schneideri
1761:
1759:
1757:
1752:
1750:
1748:
1743:
1741:
1739:
1734:
1732:
1730:
1725:
1723:
1721:
1720:M. argentatus
1716:
1714:
1712:
1711:M. acariensis
1707:
1706:
1704:
1694:
1693:
1688:
1682:
1680:
1675:
1673:
1671:
1666:
1664:
1662:
1657:
1655:
1653:
1648:
1646:
1644:
1639:
1637:
1635:
1630:
1629:
1627:
1617:
1616:
1611:
1605:
1601:
1599:
1595:
1593:
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1587:
1583:
1581:
1577:
1576:
1573:
1569:
1561:
1556:
1554:
1549:
1547:
1542:
1541:
1538:
1531:
1526:
1522:
1519:
1518:
1512:
1508:
1507:
1503:
1495:
1491:
1487:
1483:
1479:
1475:
1471:
1467:
1463:
1456:
1453:
1448:
1446:0-9705678-1-2
1442:
1438:
1431:
1428:
1423:
1417:
1413:
1409:
1408:
1400:
1397:
1392:
1386:
1382:
1374:
1372:
1368:
1363:
1359:
1355:
1351:
1347:
1343:
1339:
1332:
1330:
1328:
1326:
1324:
1320:
1315:
1311:
1307:
1303:
1299:
1295:
1288:
1286:
1284:
1280:
1275:
1271:
1267:
1263:
1259:
1252:
1250:
1248:
1246:
1244:
1242:
1240:
1238:
1236:
1234:
1230:
1225:
1223:0-202-30826-X
1219:
1215:
1208:
1205:
1200:
1198:0-226-20721-8
1194:
1190:
1183:
1181:
1179:
1175:
1170:
1168:0-9648825-0-7
1164:
1160:
1156:
1155:
1147:
1145:
1143:
1141:
1139:
1135:
1130:
1128:1-881173-83-6
1124:
1120:
1113:
1111:
1109:
1107:
1105:
1103:
1101:
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1095:
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1091:
1089:
1087:
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1081:
1079:
1077:
1075:
1073:
1071:
1069:
1067:
1063:
1058:
1056:0-19-506401-1
1052:
1048:
1041:
1039:
1037:
1033:
1028:
1024:
1020:
1016:
1012:
1008:
1004:
1000:
993:
990:
982:
978:
974:
970:
966:
962:
958:
951:
949:
940:
937:
932:
926:
922:
914:
912:
910:
908:
906:
904:
900:
895:
888:
885:
873:
869:
863:
860:
847:
842:
838:
834:
833:
828:
826:
817:
815:
813:
811:
809:
807:
805:
803:
799:
794:
788:
784:
780:
773:
771:
769:
767:
763:
758:
754:
750:
748:0-801-88221-4
744:
740:
739:
734:
733:Wilson, D. E.
730:
729:Groves, C. P.
724:
722:
720:
718:
714:
708:
706:
704:
700:
692:
690:
688:
684:
680:
676:
672:
668:
664:
660:
656:
652:
648:
644:
636:
634:
631:
627:
622:
620:
616:
608:
604:
599:
592:
590:
588:
587:
582:
577:
575:
571:
570:
565:
562:
561:
556:
548:
546:
543:
538:
536:
532:
531:birds of prey
528:
524:
520:
516:
511:
509:
501:
496:
492:
490:
484:
482:
477:
473:
469:
465:
457:
455:
453:
449:
445:
441:
437:
433:
429:
428:callitrichids
421:
419:
417:
413:
409:
405:
401:
397:
393:
389:
385:
381:
377:
373:
369:
361:
359:
357:
352:
347:
345:
341:
337:
333:
329:
325:
321:
317:
313:
309:
308:
303:
297:
293:
289:
276:
273:
268:
265:
264:
262:
259:
255:
250:
246:
241:
236:
230:
228:
222:
219:
218:Binomial name
215:
211:
210:
205:
202:
201:
198:
197:
193:
190:
189:
186:
183:
180:
179:
176:
173:
170:
169:
166:
163:
160:
159:
156:
153:
150:
149:
146:
143:
140:
139:
136:
133:
130:
129:
126:
123:
120:
119:
116:
113:
110:
109:
104:
99:
95:
89:
83:
78:
72:
67:
56:
52:
47:
44:
40:
36:
32:
27:
22:
19:
2441:
2395:
2385:
2375:
2365:
2361:
2355:
2345:
2335:
2325:
2315:
2256:
2243:
2231:
2215:
2207:S. imperator
2206:
2197:
2188:
2175:
2172:
2160:
2152:S. geoffroyi
2151:
2149:
2142:
2133:
2124:
2115:
2106:
2097:
2084:
2081:
2062:
2050:
2042:L. lagonotus
2041:
2032:
2023:
2014:
2005:
1997:L. cruzlimai
1996:
1987:
1978:
1969:
1949:
1937:
1928:
1919:
1910:
1890:
1878:
1869:
1857:
1845:
1836:
1827:
1818:
1809:
1801:M. munduruku
1800:
1791:
1782:
1774:M. melanurus
1773:
1764:
1755:
1747:M. nigriceps
1746:
1737:
1728:
1719:
1710:
1690:
1678:
1670:C. geoffroyi
1669:
1660:
1651:
1643:C. flaviceps
1642:
1633:
1613:
1516:
1472:(1): 15–25.
1469:
1465:
1461:
1455:
1436:
1430:
1406:
1399:
1380:
1345:
1341:
1337:
1300:(1): 73–92.
1297:
1293:
1268:(28): 1–76.
1265:
1261:
1257:
1213:
1207:
1188:
1153:
1118:
1046:
1002:
998:
992:
981:the original
963:(1): 73–84.
960:
956:
947:
939:
920:
893:
887:
875:. Retrieved
871:
862:
850:. Retrieved
836:
830:
824:
782:
737:
696:
675:Rio San Juan
651:Panama Canal
640:
623:
611:
593:Reproduction
584:
578:
574:grasshoppers
567:
558:
552:
539:
512:
505:
489:piloerection
485:
461:
425:
411:
399:
376:Colin Groves
365:
348:
319:
315:
311:
306:
305:
301:
300:
274:
267:salaguiensis
266:
226:
224:
208:
207:
195:
171:Infraorder:
18:
2533:iNaturalist
2466:Wikispecies
2198:S. labiatus
2161:S. leucopus
2134:S. martinsi
2051:L. weddelli
2024:L. illigeri
1951:Leontocebus
1938:L. caissara
1729:M. leucippe
1005:: 413–425.
852:19 November
667:Panama City
626:polyandrous
555:Paul Garber
472:territorial
450:(17.1
436:millimetres
374:. In 2001,
316:red-crested
175:Simiiformes
2672:Categories
2244:C. goeldii
2216:S. inustus
2143:S. oedipus
2125:S. bicolor
2071:(tamarins)
1920:L. rosalia
1879:C. pygmaea
1846:M. humilis
1837:M. rondoni
1828:M. saterei
1738:M. emiliae
1661:C. jacchus
1615:Callithrix
1604:Haplorhini
1602:Suborder:
877:14 January
709:References
687:Costa Rica
679:Rio Atrato
630:polygynous
603:Gatun Lake
312:Panamanian
292:Gatun Lake
165:Haplorhini
161:Suborder:
84:Appendix I
39:Gatun Lake
2233:Callimico
2189:S. mystax
2176:Tamarinus
2174:Subgenus
2116:S. ursula
2083:Subgenus
2033:L. fuscus
1792:M. mauesi
1756:M. marcai
1679:C. kuhlii
1652:C. aurita
1578:Kingdom:
872:cites.org
779:Strier KB
615:gestation
527:squirrels
515:sympatric
508:squirrels
432:marmosets
351:gestation
203:Species:
121:Kingdom:
115:Eukaryota
2683:Saguinus
2650:Species+
2603:12100228
2551:10227746
2451:Wikidata
2258:Category
2107:S. niger
2098:S. midas
2085:Saguinus
2064:Saguinus
1859:Cebuella
1598:Primates
1592:Mammalia
1586:Chordata
1584:Phylum:
1580:Animalia
1494:83521708
1486:31986797
1362:26012530
1314:12969318
1027:24857784
781:(eds.).
757:62265494
731:(2005).
655:Atlantic
581:corollas
521:and the
481:hectares
468:arboreal
458:Behavior
416:Colombia
400:Saguinus
362:Taxonomy
332:Colombia
258:Synonyms
235:Pucheran
196:Saguinus
181:Family:
155:Primates
145:Mammalia
135:Chordata
131:Phylum:
125:Animalia
111:Domain:
71:IUCN 3.1
2590:1000810
2525:2436466
2457:Q934586
1596:Order:
1590:Class:
1007:Bibcode
977:1530063
659:Pacific
643:primary
506:Unlike
464:diurnal
380:Cebidae
340:Diurnal
324:tamarin
322:, is a
237:, 1845)
191:Genus:
151:Order:
141:Class:
86: (
69: (
2642:385320
2629:235534
2564:572925
2512:323900
1492:
1484:
1443:
1418:
1387:
1360:
1312:
1220:
1195:
1165:
1125:
1053:
1025:
975:
927:
789:
755:
745:
607:Panama
564:cashew
328:Panama
296:Panama
275:spixii
43:Panama
2616:43778
2577:41522
2546:IRMNG
2538:43384
2499:4TZBM
1490:S2CID
1358:S2CID
1310:S2CID
984:(PDF)
953:(PDF)
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