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central figure in the Tudor revolution in government. Elton portrayed
Cromwell as the presiding genius, much more so than the King, in handling the break with Rome and the laws and administrative procedures that made the English Reformation so important. Elton wrote that Cromwell was responsible for translating royal supremacy into parliamentary terms by creating powerful new organs of government to take charge of church lands and thoroughly removing the medieval features of the central government.
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separate state offices. Cromwell, Henry's chief minister from 1532 to 1540, introduced reforms into the administration that delineated the King's household from the state and created a modern bureaucratic government. Cromwell shone Tudor light into the darker corners of the Realm and radically altered the role of
Parliament and the competence of Statute. Elton argued that by masterminding such reforms, Cromwell laid the foundations of England's future stability and success.
472:, saying, for example, that "we are fighting for the lives of innocent young people beset by devilish tempters who claim to offer higher forms of thought and deeper truths and insights – the intellectual equivalent of crack, in fact. Any acceptance of these theories – even the most gentle or modest bow in their direction – can prove fatal." Ex-pupils of his such as
483:
In 1990 Elton was one of the leading historians behind the setting up of the
History Curriculum Association. The Association advocated a more knowledge-based history curriculum in schools. It expressed "profound disquiet" at the way history was being taught in the classroom and observed that the
388:
was the author of modern, bureaucratic government, which replaced medieval, household-based government. Until the 1950s, historians had played down
Cromwell's role by calling him a doctrinaire hack who was little more than the agent of the despotic Henry VIII. Elton, however, made Cromwell the
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That change took place in the 1530s and must be regarded as part of a planned revolution. In essence, Elton was arguing that before
Cromwell, the realm could be viewed as the King's private estate writ large and that most administration was done by the King's household servants rather than by
487:
Elton saw the duty of historians as empirically gathering evidence and objectively analysing what the evidence has to say. As a traditionalist, he placed great emphasis on the role of individuals in history instead of abstract, impersonal forces. For instance, his 1963 book
412:
His thesis has been widely challenged by younger Tudor historians and can no longer be regarded as an orthodoxy, but his contribution to the debate has profoundly influenced subsequent discussion of Tudor government, particularly on the role of
Cromwell.
310:, Elton was awarded a PhD for his thesis "Thomas Cromwell, Aspects of his Administrative Work", in which Elton first developed the ideas that he was to pursue for the rest of his life. Elton naturalised as a British subject in September 1947.
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or sociology. He saw political history as the best and most important kind of history. Elton had no use for those who seek history to make myths, to create laws to explain the past, or to produce theories such as
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268:, a Methodist school in Wales, starting in 1939. After only two years, Ehrenberg was working as a teacher at Rydal and achieved the position of assistant master in mathematics, history and German.
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480:'s traditionalist account of Elizabeth I's parliaments, and in his support for a more contingent and political set of causes for the English Civil War of the mid-seventeenth century.
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Law and
Government under the Tudors: Essays Presented to Sir Geoffrey Elton, Regius Professor of Modern History in the University of Cambridge on the Occasion of his Retirement
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900:Ó Tuathaigh, M. A. G., 'Irish Historical "Revisionism": State of the Art of Ideological Project?' in, Brady, Ciaran (ed.), Interpreting Irish History (Dublin, 2006), p. 325.
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was caused by socioeconomic changes in the 16th and 17th centuries, arguing instead that it was largely due to the incompetence of the
445:–Elton debate when he defended the nineteenth century interpretation of empirical, 'scientific' history most famously associated with
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654:
525:. He married a fellow historian, Sheila Lambert, in 1952. Elton died of a heart attack at his home in Cambridge on 4 December 1994.
433:, who he argued were presenting seriously flawed interpretations of the past. In particular, Elton was opposed to the idea that the
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634:(Methuen, 1969), annotated guide to 1000 history books on every major topic, plus book reviews and major scholarly articles.
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224:; 17 August 1921 – 4 December 1994) was a German-born British political and constitutional historian, specialising in the
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675:, Brighton, Sussex :Harvester Press/Atlantic Highlands, N.J.: Humanities Press for the Royal Historical Society, 1976.
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See his essays 'The Stuart
Century', 'A High Road to Civil War?' and 'The Unexplained Revolution' in G. R. Elton,
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his name to
Geoffrey Rudolph Elton. After his discharge from the army, Elton studied early modern history at
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Politics and
Society in Reformation Europe: Essays for Sir Geoffrey Elton on his Sixty-fifth Birthday
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claim he did embody a "revisionist streak," reflected both in his work on Cromwell, his attack on
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264:. In February 1939, the Ehrenbergs fled to Britain. Ehrenberg continued his education at
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Revolution Reassessed: Revisions in the History of Tudor Government & Administration
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The Body of the Whole Realm; Parliament and Representation in Medieval and Tudor England
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500:. Elton objected to cross-disciplinary efforts such as efforts to combine history with
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Elton was a strong defender of the traditional methods of history and was appalled by
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The Tudor Revolution in Government: Administrative Changes in the Reign of Henry VIII
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Bradshaw, Brenden "The Tudor Commonwealth: Reform and Revision" pages 455–476 from
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Policy and Police: the Enforcement of the Reformation in the Age of Thomas Cromwell
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Studies in Tudor and Stuart Politics and Government: Papers and Reviews, 1945–1972
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and graduated with a degree in Ancient History in 1943. Ehrenberg enlisted in the
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Modern Historians on British History 1485-1945: A Critical Bibliography 1945-1969
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Return to Essentials: Some Reflections on the Present State of Historical Study
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Tudor Rule and Revolution: Essays for G.R Elton from his American Friends
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Recent Views on British History: Essays on Historical Writing since 1966
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991:"The Tudor Commonwealth: Revising Thomas Cromwell" pages 681–685 from
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English Law In The Sixteenth Century : Reform In An Age of Change
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The New Cambridge Modern History: Volume 2, The Reformation, 1520-1559
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257:
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Williams, Penry and Harriss, Gavin "A Revolution in Tudor History?"
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Defender of the Faith Geoffrey Elton and the Philosophy of History
594:, London: Historical Association by Routledge & K. Paul, 1962.
566:, London: Methuen, 1955, revised edition 1974, third edition 1991.
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Slavin, Arthur. "Telling the Story: G.R Elton and the Tudor Age"
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Elton elaborated on his ideas in his 1955 work, the bestselling
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Cross, Claire, Loades, David & Scarisbrick, J.J (editors)
921:"Sir Geoffrey Rudolph Elton, 73, Tudor Historian at Cambridge"
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Studies in Tudor and Stuart Politics and Government: Volume II
722:, Headstart History Papers (ed. Judith Loades), Ipswich, 1991.
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Slavin, Arthur J. "G.R. Elton and His Era: Thirty Years On."
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Arthur J. Slavin, "G.R. Elton and His Era: Thirty Years On."
573:, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1958; 2nd ed. 1990;
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Slavin Arthur. "G.R. Elton: On Reformation and Revolution"
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He edited the second edition of the influential collection
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and Eva Dorothea Sommer. In 1929, the Ehrenbergs moved to
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Members of the University of Cambridge faculty of history
588:, Cambridge University Press, 1960; second edition, 1982.
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Jewish emigrants from Nazi Germany to the United Kingdom
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but also made significant contributions to the study of
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What is History?' From Carr to Elton to Rorty and White
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Reform and Renewal: Thomas Cromwell and the Common Weal
407:
Reform and Renewal: Thomas Cromwell and the Common Weal
1041:, New Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University Press, 1984.
622:, Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1969.
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and the uncle of Lewis's son, the comedian and writer
951:
The Encyclopedia of Historians and Historical Writing
380:. Elton was most famous for arguing in his 1953 book
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from 1981 to 1990 and served as the president of the
643:, London: Penguin Press/New York: Basic Books, 1970.
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in Italy from 1944 to 1946 and reaching the rank of
669:, 4 volumes, Cambridge University Press, 1974–1992.
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616:, edited by G.R. Elton, New York: Macmillan, 1968.
517:Elton was the brother of the education researcher
492:is in large part concerned with the duel between
441:kings. Elton was also famous for his role in the
271:There, he took courses via correspondence at the
1529:Presidents of the Ecclesiastical History Society
673:Annual bibliography of British and Irish history
586:The Tudor Constitution: Documents and Commentary
949:Black, Jeremy "Elton, G.R." pages 356–357 from
649:, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1973;
279:in 1943. He spent his time in the Army in the
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8:
1069:Transactions of the Royal Historical Society
1000:Transactions of the Royal Historical Society
698:, New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1983
696:Which Road to the Past? Two Views of History
346:. He worked as publication secretary of the
953:, Volume 1, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn, 1999
1534:Presidents of the Royal Historical Society
1509:Naturalised citizens of the United Kingdom
1182:Presidents of the Royal Historical Society
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1027:, London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1983.
981:Guth, DeLloyd and McKenna, John (editors)
828:(Supplement). 30 December 1985. p. 1.
641:Political History: Principles and Practice
29:
1504:Military personnel from Baden-Württemberg
1133:President of the Royal Historical Society
1009:Horowitz, M.R. "Which Road to the Past?"
679:Reform and Reformation: England 1509–1558
628:, Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1969.
354:from 1972 to 1976. Elton was appointed a
330:there from 1983 to 1988. Pupils included
1544:Regius Professors of History (Cambridge)
1434:Alumni of University of London Worldwide
971:, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1986.
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704:, London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1985.
459:largely in response to Carr's 1961 book
1474:Fellows of the Royal Historical Society
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372:Elton focused primarily on the life of
252:. His parents were the Jewish scholars
1449:British Army personnel of World War II
1429:Academics of the University of Glasgow
1013:, Volume 34, January 1984. pages 5–10
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614:Renaissance and Reformation, 1300–1640
484:integrity of history was threatened.
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1030:Kouri, E.I and Scott, Tom (editors)
919:Saxon, Wolfgang (17 December 1994).
708:The Parliament of England, 1559–1581
453:'s views. Elton wrote his 1967 book
1469:Fellows of Clare College, Cambridge
1444:Alumni of University College London
985:, Cambridge University Press, 1982.
891:(Cambridge University Press, 1974).
716:, Cambridge University Press, 1991.
710:, Cambridge University Press, 1986.
663:, Cambridge University Press, 1973.
602:, New York: Harper & Row, 1963.
560:, Cambridge University Press, 1953.
1439:Alumni of the University of London
780:Hughes-Warrington, Marine (2000).
382:The Tudor Revolution in Government
367:The Tudor Revolution in Government
328:Regius Professor of Modern History
234:Regius Professor of Modern History
25:
1002:Vol. 7 (1997), pp. 281–299
978:Cambridge University Press, 1988.
429:. He was also a fierce critic of
303:, graduating with a PhD in 1949.
1519:People educated at Rydal Penrhos
1104:Works by or about Geoffrey Elton
1034:, London: Macmillan Press, 1986.
808:. 17 October 1947. p. 4890.
592:Henry VIII; An essay In Revision
295:. During this period, Ehrenberg
1554:20th-century English historians
1479:Historians of the British Isles
1206:Henry Bruce, 1st Baron Aberdare
998:Haigh, Christopher. "Religion"
687:, London: Selden Society, 1979.
421:Elton was a staunch admirer of
222:Gottfried Rudolf Otto Ehrenberg
134:
56:Gottfried Rudolf Otto Ehrenberg
1200:John Russell, 1st Earl Russell
1071:pages 177–336, Volume 7, 1997.
610:, London: Fontana Press, 1967.
244:Ehrenberg (Elton) was born in
1:
1454:East Surrey Regiment soldiers
1078:, Volume 25, 1963. pages 3–58
1062:, Volume 23, 1990. pp 405–31
909:Daily Telegraph 19 March 1990
782:Fifty Key Thinkers on History
599:Reformation Europe, 1517-1559
541:'s basic conclusion that the
1559:20th-century English lawyers
1094:The Elton / Ehrenberg Papers
1484:Intelligence Corps soldiers
1284:Robert William Seton-Watson
963:Coleman, Christopher &
960:, Volume 22, Issue 2, 1979.
496:and the Holy Roman Emperor
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1464:English constitutionalists
728:, Oxford: Blackwell, 1992.
213:Sir Geoffrey Rudolph Elton
1212:Sir M. E. Grant Duff
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1053:Sixteenth Century Journal
995:Volume 23, Issue 3, 1980.
322:and from 1949 onwards at
306:Under the supervision of
301:University College London
236:there from 1983 to 1988.
108:University College London
1020:London: Routledge, 1995.
582:, London: Methuen, 1958.
564:England Under The Tudors
403:England under the Tudors
352:Royal Historical Society
324:Clare College, Cambridge
230:Clare College, Cambridge
27:German–British historian
1514:Philosophers of history
1362:Sir P. J. Marshall
1320:Sir R. W. Southern
681:, London: Arnold, 1977.
607:The Practice of History
537:. In it, he supported
456:The Practice of History
1539:Reformation historians
1272:Sir F. M. Powicke
1099:Clare College obituary
535:The Tudor Constitution
417:Historical perspective
189:Andrew S. C. Ehrenberg
18:Geoffrey Rudolph Elton
1048:15#3 (1983): 207-229.
878:15#3 (1983): 207-229.
842:Kenyon, John (1983).
545:mirrored that of the
360:1986 New Year Honours
320:University of Glasgow
1524:People from Tübingen
740:A History of England
580:Star Chamber Stories
318:Elton taught at the
285:East Surrey Regiment
273:University of London
1338:Sir J. C. Holt
1308:Sir Goronwy Edwards
1224:Sir George Prothero
1055:(1990) 21#2 151–69.
336:Diarmaid MacCulloch
287:, serving with the
156:Eva Dorothea Sommer
1326:Sir Geoffrey Elton
1290:Theodore Plucknett
1254:Sir John Fortescue
1236:William Cunningham
993:Historical Journal
958:Historical Journal
926:The New York Times
825:The London Gazette
805:The London Gazette
626:England, 1200–1640
547:mixed constitution
543:Tudor constitution
490:Reformation Europe
431:Marxist historians
281:Intelligence Corps
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1368:Dame Janet Nelson
1332:Sir John Habakkuk
1278:Sir Frank Stenton
1266:Sir Richard Lodge
1242:Sir Charles Firth
1218:Sir Adolphus Ward
1149:
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1118:Academic offices
690:(co-written with
447:Leopold von Ranke
435:English Civil War
427:Winston Churchill
423:Margaret Thatcher
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201:Richard Ehrenberg
117:Historian, writer
16:(Redirected from
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1248:Sir Charles Oman
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1076:Past and Present
1016:Jenkins, Keith '
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86:(1994-12-04)
1424:1994 deaths
1419:1921 births
1392:Margot Finn
1380:Colin Jones
1296:Hale Bellot
820:"No. 50361"
800:"No. 38100"
726:The English
539:John Aylmer
519:Lewis Elton
378:Elizabeth I
308:J. E. Neale
289:Eighth Army
171:Lewis Elton
1413:Categories
1390:2016–2020
1384:2012–2016
1378:2009–2012
1372:2005–2008
1366:2001–2005
1360:1997–2001
1354:1993–1997
1348:1989–1993
1342:1985–1989
1336:1981–1985
1330:1977–1981
1324:1973–1977
1318:1969–1973
1312:1965–1969
1306:1961–1965
1300:1957–1961
1294:1953–1957
1288:1949–1953
1282:1946–1949
1276:1937–1945
1270:1933–1937
1264:1929–1933
1258:1925–1929
1252:1921–1925
1246:1917–1921
1240:1913–1917
1234:1909–1913
1228:1905–1909
1222:1901–1905
1216:1899–1901
1210:1891–1899
1204:1878–1891
1198:1873–1878
1192:1871–1872
1137:1973–1977
967:(editors)
944:References
932:25 January
850:. p.
784:. London:
478:John Neale
451:E. H. Carr
374:Henry VIII
297:anglicised
240:Early life
62:1921-08-17
989:Guy, John
786:Routledge
523:Ben Elton
498:Charles V
397:Influence
177:Ben Elton
173:(brother)
164:Relatives
98:, England
92:Cambridge
1064:in JSTOR
1004:in JSTOR
733:See also
474:John Guy
449:against
332:John Guy
293:sergeant
283:and the
246:Tübingen
191:(cousin)
179:(nephew)
70:Tübingen
1106:at the
575:excerpt
507:Marxism
358:in the
250:Germany
185:(uncle)
145:Parents
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1046:Albion
876:Albion
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636:online
551:Sparta
513:Family
439:Stuart
314:Career
258:Prague
220:(born
122:Spouse
747:Notes
529:Works
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934:2018
856:ISBN
651:ISBN
569:ed.
443:Carr
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81:Died
52:Born
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44:FBA
35:Sir
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