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molybdenum, tungsten, tin, oil, iron, coal, evaporites and fluorite, followed by the activities of the Polish-Mongolian
Paleontological Expedition from 1946 to 1949. Mongolneft, a state owned oil company launched in 1948. The Geological Prospecting Survey (renamed Ministry of Geology in 1961) was created in 1957.
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Alexander von
Humboldt and N.M. Prewalskii made the first geological reconnaissance of Mongolia. Russian geologists were active prior and after World War I, into the Soviet period, conducting expeditions into the Gobi Desert. The Russian Geological Exploration Expeditions from 1932 to 1937 discovered
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structures seem to control for chromium, titanium and vanadium. Lead, zinc, copper and gold mineralization across all three metallogenic provinces. The Boro ore zone traces the
Changajn and Chentejn mountains in the East Mongolian province with gold deposits. Triassic and Jurassic igneous deposits
89:
Tectonic belts in
Mongolia have a strong influence on where base metal ores have formed. The North Mongolian Metallogenic Province is part of the Mongolian Altai Caledonides, with a southern boundary at a deep fault near Bulgan. The East Mongolian Metallogenic Province covers two-thirds of the
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formations experienced rifting from 1.7 to 1.6 billion years ago and again around 800 million years ago. The closing of a late
Proterozoic ocean generated the ophiolites and the oldest basement rock. The Baikalides and Altaid mountain belts represent the accretion of island arcs into the
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The Valley of Lakes is the center of
Mongolia's extensive coal deposits, which date to the Carboniferous in the west and the Permian in the south. Oil is known from intracratonic basins in the southeast, centered around the Sajnsand oil field.
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had a major impact on the region. Crustal extension created the
Mongolian Plateau, while rifting, crustal thinning, block faulting and basalt eruptions produced terrain very similar to the
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hold many of the country's metal resources in the same province. Deep-seated faults host mercury deposits. Northwest of Muren, aluminum deposits are associated with nepheline
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is made up a complicated array of microcontinents and island chains accreted together over the past half billion years, producing varied terrain and tectonics.
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Iron ore forms as metasomatic skarn deposits and together with manganese ore is common in the East
Mongolian province. Hercynian and Caledonian
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35:, belonging to the Mongolian-Okhotsk Mobile Zone, between the Siberian Platform and Chinese Platform. The basement rocks formed during the
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country and was highly influenced by
Mesozoic magmatic activity. The South Mongolian Metallogenic Province is a third grouping.
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Encyclopedia of
European & Asian Regional Geology
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142:Moores, E.M.; Fairbridge, Rhodes W. (1997).
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31:Mongolia has complicated tectonic and
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113:asbestos. The Bulgan fault zone
538:British Indian Ocean Territory
121:, chrysocolla and turquoise.
76:History of geological research
72:in the western United States.
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146:. Springer. pp. 540–546.
181:Moores & Fairbridge 1997
169:Moores & Fairbridge 1997
157:Moores & Fairbridge 1997
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287:East Timor (Timor-Leste)
85:Natural resource geology
70:Basin and Range province
548:Cocos (Keeling) Islands
462:United Arab Emirates
607:Geology of Mongolia
489:limited recognition
183:, pp. 543–544.
171:, pp. 541–542.
33:structural geology
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531:other territories
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543:Christmas Island
229:Sovereign states
221:Geology of Asia
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527:Dependencies
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422:Saudi Arabia
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586:Asia portal
487:States with
407:Philippines
347:South Korea
342:North Korea
237:Afghanistan
104:sillimanite
41:Precambrian
18:geology of
467:Uzbekistan
442:Tajikistan
357:Kyrgyzstan
337:Kazakhstan
257:Bangladesh
247:Azerbaijan
129:References
111:chrysotile
553:Hong Kong
507:Palestine
432:Sri Lanka
427:Singapore
307:Indonesia
119:malachite
95:ophiolite
54:Paleozoic
49:ophiolite
37:Paleozoic
27:Tectonics
601:Category
576:Category
497:Abkhazia
447:Thailand
402:Pakistan
382:Mongolia
377:Maldives
372:Malaysia
272:Cambodia
115:mylonite
66:Cenozoic
62:Mesozoic
58:Gondwana
20:Mongolia
472:Vietnam
387:Myanmar
367:Lebanon
297:Georgia
252:Bahrain
242:Armenia
100:syenite
60:in the
45:Riphean
39:in the
517:Taiwan
452:Turkey
417:Russia
352:Kuwait
332:Jordan
322:Israel
282:Cyprus
267:Brunei
262:Bhutan
107:gneiss
558:Macau
477:Yemen
437:Syria
412:Qatar
392:Nepal
327:Japan
302:India
292:Egypt
277:China
397:Oman
362:Laos
317:Iraq
312:Iran
102:and
64:and
47:age
16:The
529:and
43:as
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213:e
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