40:
529:, not only introducing him to Scandinavian culture but indirectly to the whole world. The series of lectures that he gave on Nietzsche's thought, which he described as "aristocratic radicalism", were the first to present Nietzsche as a world cultural figure in need of full intellectual notice. Of Brandes' description of his philosophy, Nietzsche himself remarked: "The expression 'aristocratic radicalism', which you employ, is very good. It is, permit me to say, the cleverest thing that I have yet read about myself". In 1909 the lectures were edited and published as the monograph
1155:
329:, of which four volumes appeared between 1872 and 1875 (English translation, 1901–1905). The brilliant novelty of this criticism of the literature of major European countries at the beginning of the 19th century, and his description of the general revolt against the pseudo-classicism of the 18th century, at once attracted attention outside Denmark. The tumult which gathered round the person of the critic increased the success of the work, and the reputation of Brandes grew apace, especially in Germany and
124:
498:
314:
306:), signalled the beginning of his lifelong struggle to modernize Danish literature. After the professorship of aesthetics became vacant in 1872, it was taken as a matter of course that Brandes would fill it. But the young critic had offended many sensibilities by his ardent advocacy of modern ideas; he was seen as a Jew (which he did not consider himself to be), his convictions were Radical, he was suspected of being an
244:
743:
1174:
643:. Among his supporters, Brandes' work was seen as a liberator from repressive norms, authority and hypocrisy, and he served as an inspiration for many contemporary writers. On the other hand, conservative circles condemned him as an immoral, unpatriotic and subversive blasphemer; as he became the lynchpin of criticism against
449:
any other living writer, Brandes was aided by a singularly charming style, lucid and reasonable, enthusiastic but without extravagance, brilliant and colored without affectation. In 1900 he collected his works for the first time in a complete and popular edition and began to work on a German edition, completed in 1902.
477:
garb, the feminine intellect has this advantage over the masculine, that its possessor by a single daring movement can rise above all the prejudices of civilization and bourgeois conventionality, at once transporting herself into the state of innocence and the lap of Nature'. The lap of Nature! There is an echo of
232:. Before this, indeed since 1858, he had shown a remarkable gift for verse-writing, the results of which, however, were not abundant enough to justify separate publication. Brandes did not collect his poems until as late as 1898. At the university, which he left in 1864, Brandes was influenced by the writings of
448:
and was highly acclaimed. It was, perhaps, history's most authoritative work on
Shakespeare not principally intended for an English-speaking audience. He was afterwards engaged in writing a history of modern Scandinavian literature. In his critical work, which extended over a wider field than that of
255:
In 1866, he contributed to the discussion of the works of Rasmus
Nielsen in "Dualism in our Recent Philosophy". From 1865 to 1871 he traveled much in Europe, acquainting himself with the condition of literature in the principal centers of learning. His first important contribution to letters was his
476:
is 'divine audacity'. In audacity thus comprehended there are endless possibilities. It is freedom from prejudice, yet it suggests the possibility of the most audacious defence of all possible kinds of prejudices. It is more easily attainable, we are told, by woman than by man. 'Like the feminine
466:
magazine. In Volume 2 Brandes says about
Kierkegaard, "It is not merely in name that this irony bears a fundamental resemblance to Kierkegaard's, which also aristocratically 'chooses to be misunderstood'. The Ego of genius is the truth, if not in the sense in which Kierkegaard would have us
481:'s voice even in this wanton tirade. We seem to hear the trumpet-call of revolution; what we really hear is only the proclamation of reaction. Rousseau desired to return to the state of nature, when men roamed naked through the pathless forests and lived upon acorns.
505:
In the late 1880s, Brandes fought against what he saw as the hypocrisy of prudish sexuality, which caused a rift with Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson. Between the years of 1886 and 1888 Brandes was engaged in a relationship with the
Swedish author
575:
In the 1900s, Brandes fought the Danish political establishment on several occasions, but eventually had to curb his acidic attacks. However, his international reputation was growing. In many ways he emulated his own assessment of
340:
uncomfortable with him, and he returned in 1883 to
Copenhagen, where he found a whole new school of writers and thinkers eager to receive him as their leader. He headed the group "Det moderne Gjennembruds Mænd"
310:. The authorities refused to appoint him, but his fitness for the post was so obvious that the chair of Aesthetics remained vacant for years, since no one else dared to place himself in comparison with Brandes.
471:
is the truth', still in the sense that the Ego has every externally valid commandment and prohibition in its power; and, to the astonishment and scandal of the world, invariably expresses itself in paradoxes.
533:, which included the complete Nietzsche/Brandes correspondence as well as two essays in homage to the late Nietzsche's life and thought. Translated into English by A. G. Chater, the volume was published by
401:(1905). Brandes wrote with great depth on the main contemporary poets and novelists of Denmark and Norway, and he and his disciples were for a long time the arbiters of literary success in the north. His
1068:(University of Washington Press; 2012) 280 pages; explores issues of Danish cultural identity through a study of the lives and friendship of Brandes and the silent film star (1881–1972).
2103:
1538:
758:
298:
or reader in
Aesthetics at the University of Copenhagen, where his lectures were a great success and gathered huge audiences. His famous opening lecture on 3 November 1871,
810:
39:
2113:
763:
781:
336:
In 1877 Brandes left
Copenhagen and settled in Berlin, taking a considerable part in the aesthetic life of that city. His political views, however, made
294:
Brandes now took his place as the leading northern
European critic, applying to local conditions and habits of thought the methods of Taine. He became
1531:
848:
260:(1868), where his maturer method is already foreshadowed in several brief monographs on Danish poets. In 1870 he published several important volumes,
151:, condemning hyper-aesthetic writing and also fantasy in literature. His literary goals were shared by some other authors, among them the Norwegian "
2098:
905:
592:
on both sides and his last years were dedicated to anti-religious polemic. In this late period he made new connections to intellectuals like
948:
2123:
2108:
1524:
1187:
676:
1388:
548:
The key idea of "aristocratic radicalism" went on to influence most of the later works of
Brandes and resulted in voluminous biographies
2118:
482:
2128:
1992:
1782:
1022:
999:
525:
In the late 1880s, Brandes turned to concentrating on "great personalities" as the source of culture. In this period, he discovered
1925:
2093:
2078:
654:
His brother Edvard (1847–1931), also a well-known critic, was the author of a number of plays, and of two psychological novels:
545:, with whom his thought had much in common. There is no evidence, however, that Nietzsche ever read any of Kierkegaard's works.
184:
with the motto: "The paper of greater enlightenment". The paper and their political debates led to a split of the liberal party
580:, as an author against habitual thinking, hypocrisy and the thin veneer of morality. He condemned the maltreatment of national
486:
162:
When Georg
Brandes held a series of lectures in 1871 with the title "Main Currents in 19th-century Literature", he defined the
861:
2073:
1576:
1038:
2007:
704:
1012:
205:
1108:
The Activist Critic. A Symposium on the Political Ideas, Literary Methods and International Reception of Georg Brandes.
2002:
1183:
233:
683:
Søren Kierkegaard: A Critical Presentation in Outline (Søren Kierkegaard: En kritisk Fremstilling i Grundrids) (1877)
418:
362:
139:
and European literature from the 1870s through the turn of the 20th century. He is seen as the theorist behind the "
1566:
1494:
778:
1204:
1930:
2083:
2068:
2063:
1759:
1096:, Current literature, Volume 40, edited by Edward Jewitt Wheeler, Edward Jewitt Wheeler – 1906 pp. 616–618
365:, but a conservative reaction against his "realistic" doctrines began around 1883, headed by Holger Drachmann.
213:
99:
1571:
823:
1714:
1598:
461:
445:
430:
148:
136:
1749:
1606:
1138:
1091:
1077:
902:
2028:
1960:
1807:
1787:
1621:
534:
507:
478:
1835:
1744:
1689:
1083:
1071:
537:
in 1914 and Nietzsche's thought was thus able to reach a significant English language audience before
2058:
2053:
1997:
1684:
1636:
699:
663:
612:
542:
485:
wished to turn the course of evolution back to the primeval ages, to the days before man had fallen.
374:
237:
189:
325:
In the middle of these polemics, Brandes began to issue volumes of the most ambitious of his works,
1894:
1830:
1626:
1547:
635:
Brandes stands as one of the most influential inspirations of Danish culture, an equal of Holberg,
526:
441:
289:
167:
163:
140:
2088:
1899:
1840:
1764:
636:
616:
386:
1516:
647:
in its entirety. At the same time, some socialists criticized his elitist attitudes, while some
522:
hotel room, and the relationship with Brandes has later been blamed as the cause for her death.
456:
in 1906 (six volumes). This book was among the 100 best books for education selected in 1929 by
410:
123:
2023:
1850:
1729:
1704:
1392:
1150:
1018:
995:
931:
789:
541:. It was Brandes who, in an 1888 letter, wrote to Nietzsche advising him to read the works of
437:(1888; English translation, 1903), and was one of the editors of the German version of Ibsen.
414:
382:
354:
185:
152:
1860:
1739:
1709:
1611:
1159:
923:
748:
One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the
497:
378:
350:
277:
144:
135:(4 February 1842 – 19 February 1927) was a Danish critic and scholar who greatly influenced
313:
1825:
1724:
1699:
1581:
1497:
The New Republic Volume 31, The Republic Pub. Co., 1922 p. 44–47 Retrieved 2012-01-15
909:
785:
265:
1502:
1441:
1306:
1289:
1221:
1409:
1372:
1365:
1358:
1351:
1344:
1337:
1320:
1313:
1272:
1255:
924:
143:" of Scandinavian culture. At the age of 30, Brandes formulated the principles of a new
1950:
1940:
1920:
1878:
1792:
1774:
1664:
1651:
597:
593:
585:
581:
398:
390:
346:
209:
175:
171:
109:
20:
1425:
243:
2047:
1965:
1945:
1915:
1868:
1797:
1754:
1719:
1674:
1616:
882:
See p. 72 Main Currents in Nineteenth, Century Literature Vol. 2 Georg Brandes, 1906.
754:
749:
564:
406:
248:
217:
1088:, Self culture, Volume 11, by Winfred Lee Wendell pp. 434–440, Werner Co., 1900
1873:
1845:
1694:
1631:
1464:
1457:
1256:"Sören Kierkegaard: Ein literarisches Charakterbild (German translation available)"
569:
468:
394:
358:
156:
1179:
1815:
1659:
1641:
1480:
605:
589:
538:
457:
1238:
1146:
1734:
1679:
1669:
519:
225:
221:
201:
64:
1955:
1935:
935:
644:
518:
under the male pseudonym Ernst Ahlgren. Benedictsson committed suicide in a
180:
1085:
Some Modern History-Makers of Scandinavia III, Jonas Lie and George Brandes
1055:
Georg Brandes and Harald Høffding, edited and translated by William Banks,
601:
1058:
The Great Debate: Nietzsche, Culture, and the Scandinavian Welfare Society
1057:
319:
Hovedstrømninger i det 19de Aarhundredes Litteratur – Emigrantlitteraturen
200:
Georg Brandes was born into a non-observant Jewish middle-class family in
1168:
648:
577:
558:
963:– Edouard d'Araille / Introduction to 'Friedrich Nietzsche' (2002, LTMI)
651:
have regarded his attitude of sexual equality as being inconsequential.
1551:
767:. Vol. 4 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 427.
337:
307:
240:
in philosophy, influences which continued to leave traces on his work.
640:
551:
434:
330:
89:
588:, etc. During World War I, he condemned the national aggression and
489:
blows revolutionary melodies on the great romantic 'wonder-horn'."
1164:
496:
473:
312:
242:
228:. In 1862 he won the gold medal of the university for an essay on
1014:
Kierkegaard's Influence on Literature, Criticism and Art: Denmark
862:"Will Durant's 100 Best Books for an Education on Lists of Bests"
1520:
1239:"Eminent authors of the nineteenth century. Literary portraits"
677:
An Essay on the Aristocratic Radicalism of Friedrich Nietzsche.
662:(1899). He became an outstanding political figure of the party
373:
Among his later writings must be mentioned the monographs on
832:
The Saturday Review of Politics, Literature, Science and Art
429:(1889), are volumes essential to the proper study of modern
1323:. Gyldendalske boghandels forlag (F. Hegel & søn). 1896
1389:"Main Currents in Nineteenth Century Literature, Vol. 1–6"
1066:
Icons of Danish Modernity: Georg Brandes and Asta Nielsen
327:
Main Currents in the Literature of the Nineteenth Century
304:
Main Currents in the Literature of the Nineteenth Century
1338:"Main Currents in Nineteenth Century Literature, Vol. 1"
992:
The Historical Jesus in the Twentieth Century: 1900-1950
1141:
by Isidore Singer & Carl Henrik Bjerregaard (1906).
981:
Georg Brandes, Letter to Nietzsche – January 11th 1888.
972:
Nietzsche, Letter to Georg Brandes – December 2nd 1887.
440:
The most important of his later works was his study of
280:, whom he had met that year during a visit to England.
16:
19th/20th-century Danish literature critic and scholar
2016:
1985:
1978:
1908:
1887:
1859:
1806:
1773:
1650:
1597:
1590:
1559:
903:
Georg Brandes – Forfatterportræt ved Jørgen Knudsen
460:. Durant and Brandes were both contributors to the
300:
Hovedstrømninger i det 19de Aarhundredes Litteratur
220:. From this, however, his interests soon turned to
116:
105:
95:
85:
71:
49:
30:
444:(1897–1898), which was translated into English by
930:(in Norwegian). Oslo: Ansgar. pp. 103–105.
2104:Academic staff of the University of Copenhagen
1307:"William Shakespeare: A Critical Study Vol. 1"
826:Main Currents in Nineteenth Century Literature
454:Main Currents in Nineteenth-Century Literature
1532:
1205:"Recent Literature. Brandes pp. 505, 755–758"
8:
736:
734:
732:
730:
728:
726:
724:
722:
720:
247:Georg Brandes in his youth. 1868 drawing by
806:
804:
802:
800:
798:
600:when he was co-signer in the foundation of
166:and started the movement that would become
1982:
1594:
1539:
1525:
1517:
38:
27:
1410:"Reminiscences of my childhood and youth"
898:
896:
894:
892:
890:
888:
1241:. New York, T, Y, Crowell & co. 1886
1039:"Sketch: A Journal of Art and Actuality"
687:Main Currents in 19th Century Literature
262:The French Aesthetics of the Present Day
1180:Newspaper clippings about Georg Brandes
994:. Trinity Press International. p. 300.
716:
204:, the elder brother of prominent Danes
1093:The Most Influential of Living Critics
1061:(University of Wisconsin Press, 2023).
230:The Idea of Nemesis among the Ancients
7:
1115:Georg Brandes. Aristocratic Radical.
1503:"Georg Brandes in Life and Letters"
2114:19th-century Danish letter writers
1041:. Ingram brothers. 1 January 1893.
961:Georg Brandes: A Biographical Note
343:The Men of the Modern Breakthrough
188:in 1905 and created the new party
14:
1073:Essays on Scandinavian Literature
864:. Listsofbests.com. 12 April 2008
317:Danish first edition of Brandes'
174:, Georg Brandes, and his brother
1273:"Henrik Ibsen: Critical Studies"
1172:
1122:Georg Brandes. Selected Letters.
849:Holger Henrik Herholdt Drachmann
838:(2390): 207–208. 21 August 1901.
741:
433:. He wrote an excellent book on
122:
2099:University of Copenhagen alumni
1156:Works by or about Georg Brandes
1011:Stewart, Jon (1 January 2013).
216:in 1859 where he first studied
1926:Jacob Brønnum Scavenius Estrup
951:at Gyldendals Åbne Encyklopædi
851:at Gyldendals Åbne Encyklopædi
813:at Gyldendals Åbne Encyklopædi
405:(1877), containing studies of
353:, Edvard Brandes, Erik Skram,
1:
2008:Kunstnernes Frie Studieskoler
1139:"Brandes, Georg Morris Cohen"
912:at Arkiv for Dansk Litteratur
705:Nordic sexual morality debate
467:understand his proposition, '
212:. He became a student at the
1222:"Lord Beaconsfield; a study"
627:in 1926. He was an atheist.
493:Personal life and last years
423:Men of the Modern Transition
178:started the daily newspaper
2124:20th-century Danish writers
2109:19th-century Danish writers
2003:Den Frie Udstillingsbygning
1495:The Return of Georg Brandes
1184:20th Century Press Archives
1171:(public domain audiobooks)
1017:. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.
759:Brandes, Georg Morris Cohen
615:and was a proponent of the
611:Brandes argued against the
44:Georg Brandes, sketch, 1900
2145:
1993:Royal Academy of Fine Arts
1931:Rasmus Frederik Hendriksen
990:Weaver, Walter P. (1999).
287:
133:Georg Morris Cohen Brandes
53:Georg Morris Cohen Brandes
18:
2119:19th-century male writers
303:
121:
37:
2129:Danish magazine founders
1760:Jens Ferdinand Willumsen
1458:"Wolfgang Goethe Vol. 1"
1103:Gloucester, Mass., 1976.
623:which was translated as
419:Frederick Paludan-MĂĽller
270:Criticisms and Portraits
214:University of Copenhagen
100:University of Copenhagen
19:Not to be confused with
2094:Writers from Copenhagen
2079:Danish literary critics
1386:Georg Brandes, 1901–06
1290:"Impressions of Russia"
764:Encyclopædia Britannica
431:Scandinavian literature
284:The Modern Breakthrough
274:The Subjection of Women
272:, and a translation of
264:, dealing chiefly with
1582:Immigration to America
1165:Works by Georg Brandes
1147:Works by Georg Brandes
1078:Hjalmar Hjorth Boyesen
922:Myhre, Reidar (1947).
779:Artikel: Georg Brandes
777:Ole Friis Thellufsen,
502:
322:
252:
2074:Jewish Danish writers
2029:Heinrich Hirschsprung
1961:Carl Frederik Tietgen
1909:Politics and industry
1788:Niels Hansen Jacobsen
1622:Johan Daniel Herholdt
1500:Julius Moritzen 1922
1442:"Friedrich Nietzsche"
1368:. W. Heinemann. 1906.
1361:. W. Heinemann. 1906.
1354:. W. Heinemann. 1903.
1347:. W. Heinemann. 1906.
1340:. W. Heinemann. 1906.
1316:. W. Heinemann. 1898.
1120:W. Glyn Jones (ed.):
1113:Doris R. Asmundsson:
949:Victoria Benedictsson
926:Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson
784:7 August 2011 at the
584:, the persecution of
508:Victoria Benedictsson
500:
363:Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson
316:
246:
1998:Royal Danish Theatre
1715:Peder Severin Krøyer
1637:Ulrik Adolph Plesner
1478:Georg Brandes, 1917
1455:Georg Brandes, 1915
1439:Georg Brandes, 1915
1423:Georg Brandes, 1908
1407:Georg Brandes, 1906
1335:Georg Brandes, 1906
1304:Georg Brandes, 1898
1287:Georg Brandes, 1889
1275:. Macmillan co. 1899
1270:Georg Brandes, 1899
1253:Georg Brandes, 1879
1236:Georg Brandes, 1886
1219:Georg Brandes, 1880
1200:The Atlantic Monthly
908:19 July 2011 at the
700:Helen Zelezny-Scholz
664:Det Radikale Venstre
613:historicity of Jesus
190:Det Radikale Venstre
1895:Niels Ryberg Finsen
1831:Jens Peter Jacobsen
1750:Harald Slott-Møller
1607:Thorvald Bindesbøll
1548:Modern Breakthrough
1135:Jewish Encyclopedia
1124:Norvik Press, 1990.
1106:Hans Hertel (ed.):
531:Friedrich Nietzsche
527:Friedrich Nietzsche
442:William Shakespeare
389:(in German, 1877),
290:Modern Breakthrough
168:Cultural Radicalism
164:Modern Breakthrough
141:Modern Breakthrough
81:Copenhagen, Denmark
1900:Peter Ludvig Panum
1841:Henrik Pontoppidan
1836:Johannes Jørgensen
1765:Kristian Zahrtmann
1745:Agnes Slott-Møller
1690:Vilhelm Hammershøi
1481:"The World at War"
1395:on 4 February 2015
1080:1895 p. 199ff
617:Christ myth theory
565:Gaius Julius Cæsar
503:
387:Ferdinand Lassalle
323:
253:
2041:
2040:
2037:
2036:
1974:
1973:
1851:Viggo Stuckenberg
1730:Theodor Philipsen
1705:Frants Henningsen
1567:Industrialisation
1151:Project Gutenberg
1110:Copenhagen, 1980.
790:Aarhus University
543:Søren Kierkegaard
415:Christian Winther
383:Benjamin Disraeli
375:Søren Kierkegaard
357:, and Norwegians
355:Sophus Schandorph
258:Aesthetic Studies
238:Søren Kierkegaard
236:in criticism and
130:
129:
2136:
1983:
1740:Joakim Skovgaard
1710:August Jerndorff
1627:Hans Jørgen Holm
1612:Vilhelm Dahlerup
1595:
1541:
1534:
1527:
1518:
1513:
1511:
1509:
1491:
1489:
1487:
1475:
1473:
1471:
1461:
1452:
1450:
1448:
1436:
1434:
1432:
1426:"Anatole France"
1420:
1418:
1416:
1404:
1402:
1400:
1391:. Archived from
1383:
1381:
1379:
1369:
1362:
1355:
1348:
1341:
1332:
1330:
1328:
1317:
1310:
1301:
1299:
1297:
1284:
1282:
1280:
1267:
1265:
1263:
1250:
1248:
1246:
1233:
1231:
1229:
1216:
1214:
1212:
1194:Individual books
1176:
1175:
1160:Internet Archive
1064:Allen, Julie K.
1043:
1042:
1035:
1029:
1028:
1008:
1002:
988:
982:
979:
973:
970:
964:
958:
952:
946:
940:
939:
929:
919:
913:
900:
883:
880:
874:
873:
871:
869:
858:
852:
846:
840:
839:
820:
814:
808:
793:
775:
769:
768:
747:
745:
744:
738:
425:(1883), and his
369:Later authorship
351:Holger Drachmann
305:
278:John Stuart Mill
126:
78:
75:19 February 1927
61:
59:
42:
28:
2144:
2143:
2139:
2138:
2137:
2135:
2134:
2133:
2084:Goethe scholars
2069:Jewish atheists
2064:Danish atheists
2044:
2043:
2042:
2033:
2012:
1970:
1904:
1883:
1855:
1826:Sophus Claussen
1802:
1769:
1725:Edvard Petersen
1700:Erik Henningsen
1646:
1586:
1572:Labour movement
1555:
1545:
1507:
1505:
1501:
1485:
1483:
1479:
1469:
1467:
1463:
1456:
1446:
1444:
1440:
1430:
1428:
1424:
1414:
1412:
1408:
1398:
1396:
1387:
1377:
1375:
1371:
1364:
1357:
1350:
1343:
1336:
1326:
1324:
1319:
1312:
1305:
1295:
1293:
1288:
1278:
1276:
1271:
1261:
1259:
1254:
1244:
1242:
1237:
1227:
1225:
1220:
1210:
1208:
1203:
1202:, Vol 37, 1876
1173:
1131:
1052:
1050:Further reading
1047:
1046:
1037:
1036:
1032:
1025:
1010:
1009:
1005:
989:
985:
980:
976:
971:
967:
959:
955:
947:
943:
921:
920:
916:
910:Wayback Machine
901:
886:
881:
877:
867:
865:
860:
859:
855:
847:
843:
822:
821:
817:
809:
796:
786:Wayback Machine
776:
772:
757:, ed. (1911). "
753:
742:
740:
739:
718:
713:
696:
672:
633:
621:Sagnet om Jesus
619:. He published
501:Brandes in 1904
495:
411:Ludvig Bødtcher
371:
345:), composed of
292:
286:
266:Hippolyte Taine
198:
80:
76:
63:
62:4 February 1842
57:
55:
54:
45:
33:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2142:
2140:
2132:
2131:
2126:
2121:
2116:
2111:
2106:
2101:
2096:
2091:
2086:
2081:
2076:
2071:
2066:
2061:
2056:
2046:
2045:
2039:
2038:
2035:
2034:
2032:
2031:
2026:
2024:Brøndums Hotel
2020:
2018:
2017:Private venues
2014:
2013:
2011:
2010:
2005:
2000:
1995:
1989:
1987:
1980:
1976:
1975:
1972:
1971:
1969:
1968:
1963:
1958:
1953:
1951:J. C. Jacobsen
1948:
1943:
1938:
1933:
1928:
1923:
1921:Edvard Brandes
1918:
1912:
1910:
1906:
1905:
1903:
1902:
1897:
1891:
1889:
1885:
1884:
1882:
1881:
1879:Hilda Sehested
1876:
1871:
1865:
1863:
1857:
1856:
1854:
1853:
1848:
1843:
1838:
1833:
1828:
1823:
1818:
1812:
1810:
1804:
1803:
1801:
1800:
1795:
1793:Rudolph Tegner
1790:
1785:
1783:Vilhelm Bissen
1779:
1777:
1771:
1770:
1768:
1767:
1762:
1757:
1752:
1747:
1742:
1737:
1732:
1727:
1722:
1717:
1712:
1707:
1702:
1697:
1692:
1687:
1682:
1677:
1672:
1667:
1665:Michael Ancher
1662:
1656:
1654:
1648:
1647:
1645:
1644:
1639:
1634:
1629:
1624:
1619:
1614:
1609:
1603:
1601:
1592:
1588:
1587:
1585:
1584:
1579:
1577:Women's rights
1574:
1569:
1563:
1561:
1557:
1556:
1554:(c. 1879–1910)
1546:
1544:
1543:
1536:
1529:
1521:
1515:
1514:
1498:
1492:
1476:
1453:
1437:
1421:
1405:
1384:
1333:
1302:
1285:
1268:
1251:
1234:
1217:
1191:
1190:
1177:
1162:
1153:
1143:
1142:
1130:
1129:External links
1127:
1126:
1125:
1118:
1111:
1104:
1101:Georg Brandes.
1099:Bertil Nolin:
1097:
1089:
1081:
1069:
1062:
1051:
1048:
1045:
1044:
1030:
1023:
1003:
983:
974:
965:
953:
941:
914:
884:
875:
853:
841:
815:
794:
792:, 29 July 2009
770:
755:Chisholm, Hugh
715:
714:
712:
709:
708:
707:
702:
695:
692:
691:
690:
684:
681:
671:
668:
632:
629:
598:Romain Rolland
594:Henri Barbusse
586:Alfred Dreyfus
494:
491:
446:William Archer
399:Anatole France
397:(1899) and on
391:Ludvig Holberg
370:
367:
347:J. P. Jacobsen
288:Main article:
285:
282:
210:Edvard Brandes
197:
194:
176:Edvard Brandes
128:
127:
119:
118:
114:
113:
110:Edvard Brandes
107:
103:
102:
97:
93:
92:
87:
83:
82:
79:(aged 85)
73:
69:
68:
51:
47:
46:
43:
35:
34:
31:
21:George Brandis
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2141:
2130:
2127:
2125:
2122:
2120:
2117:
2115:
2112:
2110:
2107:
2105:
2102:
2100:
2097:
2095:
2092:
2090:
2087:
2085:
2082:
2080:
2077:
2075:
2072:
2070:
2067:
2065:
2062:
2060:
2057:
2055:
2052:
2051:
2049:
2030:
2027:
2025:
2022:
2021:
2019:
2015:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2001:
1999:
1996:
1994:
1991:
1990:
1988:
1984:
1981:
1977:
1967:
1966:Natalie Zahle
1964:
1962:
1959:
1957:
1954:
1952:
1949:
1947:
1946:Carl Jacobsen
1944:
1942:
1939:
1937:
1934:
1932:
1929:
1927:
1924:
1922:
1919:
1917:
1916:Christen Berg
1914:
1913:
1911:
1907:
1901:
1898:
1896:
1893:
1892:
1890:
1886:
1880:
1877:
1875:
1872:
1870:
1869:Asger Hamerik
1867:
1866:
1864:
1862:
1858:
1852:
1849:
1847:
1844:
1842:
1839:
1837:
1834:
1832:
1829:
1827:
1824:
1822:
1821:Georg Brandes
1819:
1817:
1814:
1813:
1811:
1809:
1805:
1799:
1798:Carl Aarsleff
1796:
1794:
1791:
1789:
1786:
1784:
1781:
1780:
1778:
1776:
1772:
1766:
1763:
1761:
1758:
1756:
1755:Laurits Tuxen
1753:
1751:
1748:
1746:
1743:
1741:
1738:
1736:
1733:
1731:
1728:
1726:
1723:
1721:
1720:Ejnar Nielsen
1718:
1716:
1713:
1711:
1708:
1706:
1703:
1701:
1698:
1696:
1693:
1691:
1688:
1686:
1683:
1681:
1678:
1676:
1675:Mogens Ballin
1673:
1671:
1668:
1666:
1663:
1661:
1658:
1657:
1655:
1653:
1649:
1643:
1640:
1638:
1635:
1633:
1630:
1628:
1625:
1623:
1620:
1618:
1617:Ludvig Fenger
1615:
1613:
1610:
1608:
1605:
1604:
1602:
1600:
1596:
1593:
1589:
1583:
1580:
1578:
1575:
1573:
1570:
1568:
1565:
1564:
1562:
1558:
1553:
1549:
1542:
1537:
1535:
1530:
1528:
1523:
1522:
1519:
1504:
1499:
1496:
1493:
1482:
1477:
1466:
1459:
1454:
1443:
1438:
1427:
1422:
1411:
1406:
1394:
1390:
1385:
1374:
1367:
1360:
1353:
1346:
1339:
1334:
1322:
1315:
1308:
1303:
1291:
1286:
1274:
1269:
1257:
1252:
1240:
1235:
1223:
1218:
1206:
1201:
1198:
1197:
1196:
1195:
1189:
1185:
1181:
1178:
1170:
1166:
1163:
1161:
1157:
1154:
1152:
1148:
1145:
1144:
1140:
1136:
1133:
1132:
1128:
1123:
1119:
1116:
1112:
1109:
1105:
1102:
1098:
1095:
1094:
1090:
1087:
1086:
1082:
1079:
1075:
1074:
1070:
1067:
1063:
1060:
1059:
1054:
1053:
1049:
1040:
1034:
1031:
1026:
1024:9781472412010
1020:
1016:
1015:
1007:
1004:
1001:
1000:1-56338-280-6
997:
993:
987:
984:
978:
975:
969:
966:
962:
957:
954:
950:
945:
942:
937:
933:
928:
927:
918:
915:
911:
907:
904:
899:
897:
895:
893:
891:
889:
885:
879:
876:
863:
857:
854:
850:
845:
842:
837:
833:
829:
827:
819:
816:
812:
811:Georg Brandes
807:
805:
803:
801:
799:
795:
791:
787:
783:
780:
774:
771:
766:
765:
760:
756:
751:
750:public domain
737:
735:
733:
731:
729:
727:
725:
723:
721:
717:
710:
706:
703:
701:
698:
697:
693:
688:
685:
682:
679:
678:
674:
673:
669:
667:
665:
661:
657:
652:
650:
646:
642:
638:
630:
628:
626:
625:Jesus: A Myth
622:
618:
614:
609:
607:
604:, as well as
603:
599:
595:
591:
587:
583:
579:
573:
571:
567:
566:
561:
560:
554:
553:
546:
544:
540:
536:
532:
528:
523:
521:
517:
513:
509:
499:
492:
490:
488:
484:
480:
475:
470:
465:
464:
459:
455:
452:He published
450:
447:
443:
438:
436:
432:
428:
424:
420:
416:
412:
408:
407:Carsten Hauch
404:
400:
396:
392:
388:
384:
380:
379:Esaias Tegnér
376:
368:
366:
364:
360:
356:
352:
348:
344:
339:
334:
332:
328:
320:
315:
311:
309:
301:
297:
291:
283:
281:
279:
275:
271:
267:
263:
259:
250:
249:Godtfred Rump
245:
241:
239:
235:
231:
227:
223:
219:
218:jurisprudence
215:
211:
207:
206:Ernst Brandes
203:
195:
193:
191:
187:
183:
182:
177:
173:
169:
165:
160:
158:
155:" playwright
154:
150:
146:
142:
138:
134:
125:
120:
115:
111:
108:
104:
101:
98:
94:
91:
88:
84:
74:
70:
66:
52:
48:
41:
36:
32:Georg Brandes
29:
26:
22:
1986:Institutions
1874:Carl Nielsen
1846:Amalie Skram
1820:
1695:Otto Haslund
1685:Paul Fischer
1632:Martin Nyrop
1599:Architecture
1506:. Retrieved
1486:24 September
1484:. Retrieved
1470:24 September
1468:. Retrieved
1447:24 September
1445:. Retrieved
1431:24 September
1429:. Retrieved
1415:24 September
1413:. Retrieved
1397:. Retrieved
1393:the original
1378:24 September
1376:. Retrieved
1327:24 September
1325:. Retrieved
1296:24 September
1294:. Retrieved
1279:24 September
1277:. Retrieved
1262:24 September
1260:. Retrieved
1258:. J.A. Barth
1245:24 September
1243:. Retrieved
1228:24 September
1226:. Retrieved
1211:28 September
1209:. Retrieved
1199:
1193:
1192:
1134:
1121:
1117:N. Y., 1981.
1114:
1107:
1100:
1092:
1084:
1072:
1065:
1056:
1033:
1013:
1006:
991:
986:
977:
968:
960:
956:
944:
925:
917:
878:
866:. Retrieved
856:
844:
835:
831:
825:
818:
773:
762:
686:
675:
659:
658:(1889), and
656:A Politician
655:
653:
634:
624:
620:
610:
574:
570:Michelangelo
563:
557:Francois de
556:
549:
547:
530:
524:
516:Fru Marianne
515:
511:
510:, who wrote
504:
469:Subjectivity
463:Mother Earth
462:
453:
451:
439:
426:
422:
403:Danish Poets
402:
395:Henrik Ibsen
372:
359:Henrik Ibsen
342:
335:
326:
324:
318:
299:
295:
293:
273:
269:
261:
257:
254:
229:
199:
179:
161:
157:Henrik Ibsen
137:Scandinavian
132:
131:
77:(1927-02-19)
25:
2059:1927 deaths
2054:1842 births
1941:Viggo Hørup
1816:Herman Bang
1660:Anna Ancher
1642:Anton Rosen
1399:26 February
824:"Review of
689:(1872–1890)
660:Young Blood
606:E. D. Morel
590:imperialism
562:(1916–17),
555:(1914–15),
539:World War I
458:Will Durant
172:Viggo Hørup
2048:Categories
1808:Literature
1735:L. A. Ring
1680:Carl Bloch
1670:Otto Bache
711:References
582:minorities
520:Copenhagen
321:from 1872.
302:(English:
226:aesthetics
222:philosophy
202:Copenhagen
170:. In 1884
149:naturalism
86:Occupation
65:Copenhagen
58:1842-02-04
2089:Modernism
1956:Louis Pio
1936:Anna Hude
1775:Sculpture
1508:3 October
868:17 August
828:, Vol. I"
649:feminists
645:modernity
637:Grundtvig
568:1918 and
550:Wolfgang
535:Heinemann
512:Penningar
483:Schelling
196:Biography
181:Politiken
117:Signature
112:(brother)
106:Relatives
96:Education
67:, Denmark
1652:Painting
1465:"Vol. 2"
1373:"Vol. 6"
1366:"Vol. 5"
1359:"Vol. 4"
1352:"Vol. 3"
1345:"Vol. 2"
1321:"Vol. 3"
1314:"Vol. 2"
1207:. Boston
1169:LibriVox
936:20699747
906:Archived
782:Archived
694:See also
578:Voltaire
572:(1921).
559:Voltaire
487:Schlegel
479:Rousseau
393:(1884),
385:(1878),
381:(1878),
377:(1877),
1888:Science
1560:Context
1552:Denmark
1460:. 1915.
1309:. 1898.
1186:of the
1182:in the
1158:at the
752::
338:Prussia
308:atheist
234:Heiberg
186:Venstre
153:realist
145:realism
1979:Venues
1591:People
1292:. 1889
1224:. 1880
1021:
998:
934:
746:
680:(1889)
641:Ansgar
631:Legacy
602:Clarté
552:Goethe
435:Poland
427:Essays
421:, his
331:Russia
296:Docent
90:Critic
1861:Music
670:Books
474:Irony
1510:2012
1488:2010
1472:2010
1449:2010
1433:2010
1417:2010
1401:2013
1380:2010
1329:2010
1298:2010
1281:2010
1264:2010
1247:2010
1230:2010
1213:2010
1019:ISBN
996:ISBN
932:OCLC
870:2012
639:and
596:and
514:and
417:and
361:and
224:and
208:and
147:and
72:Died
50:Born
1550:in
1188:ZBW
1167:at
1149:at
1076:by
761:".
276:by
2050::
1462:,
1370:,
1363:,
1356:,
1349:,
1318:,
1311:,
1137::
887:^
836:92
834:.
830:.
797:^
788:,
719:^
666:.
608:.
413:,
409:,
349:,
333:.
268:,
192:.
159:.
1540:e
1533:t
1526:v
1512:.
1490:.
1474:.
1451:.
1435:.
1419:.
1403:.
1382:.
1342:,
1331:.
1300:.
1283:.
1266:.
1249:.
1232:.
1215:.
1027:.
938:.
872:.
341:(
251:.
60:)
56:(
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
