251:
572:
452:
to wear blue cornflowers (known to be the favourite flower of German
Emperor William I) in their buttonholes, along with cockades in the German national colours (black, red, and yellow), as a way to show pride in their German identity and dismissal of the multi-ethnic Austro-Hungarian Empire. Like many other Austrian pan-Germans, Schönerer hoped for the dissolution of the Austro-Hungarian Empire and an
422:
560:. Schönerer became even more powerful in 1901, when 21 members of his party gained seats in the Parliament. But his influence and career rapidly declined thereafter due to his forceful views and personality. His party also suffered, and had virtually disintegrated by 1907. But his views and philosophy, not to mention his great skill as an agitator, influenced and inspired
33:
451:
appealed to many
Viennese, mostly working-class. This appeal made him a powerful political figure in Austria, and he considered himself leader of the German Austrians. Defying the Austrian education ministry's prohibition of pan-German symbols in schools and colleges, Schönerer urged German Austrians
461:
Schönerer's movement had various strict criteria: it only allowed its members to be
Germans; none of the members could have relatives or friends who were Jews or Slavs, and before any member could marry, they had to prove "Aryan" descent and be checked for health defects. Other pan-German movements
465:
Schönerer was addressed by his supporters as the "Führer," and he and his followers also used the "Heil" greeting, things Hitler and the Nazis later adopted. Schönerer and his followers often met during the summer and winter to celebrate German history and listen to German battle songs. Schönerer
527:, an ordinance that prevented many Bohemian ethnic German speakers, most of whom did not speak Czech, from applying for government jobs. Schönerer staged mass protests against the ordinance and disrupted parliamentary proceedings, actions that eventually led Emperor
198:. He wrote passionately admiring letters to Bismarck, and continued doing so even after Bismarck made clear that he rejected any sort of Austro-German nationalism and would not allow Austria's pan-Germans to jeopardize the
242:
in 1878, which he condemned as a betrayal of ethnic German interests. In a speech, he said, "More and more, and ever more loudly, one can hear the German crown provinces exclaim: If only we already belonged to the
1060:
1055:
1050:
1045:
1040:
331:. They further demanded that Austria's union with Hungary be reduced to having a common monarch, with no other administrative or legislative consequences. Additionally, German was to remain the sole
473:. His attack increased his popularity and helped members of his party get elected to the Austrian Parliament. Nevertheless, the prison sentence also resulted not only in the loss of his status as a
469:
In 1888, Schönerer was temporarily imprisoned for ransacking a Jewish-owned newspaper office and assaulting its employees for prematurely reporting the imminent death of the German emperor
1030:
378:. The anti-Slavic inclinations of the framers, however, are well represented in the following excerpt from their manifesto: "We protest against all attempts to convert Austria into a
239:
1035:
230:
as his career progressed. He became widely known for his oratory and was considered a firebrand in
Parliament. He broke with his party three years later, agitating against
402:
During the 1880s, Schönerer came to consider his struggle for the German
Austrians a fight against the Jews. By the peak of his career, he had transformed into a
411:
1065:
973:
935:
916:
878:
859:
797:
990:
466:
told his followers to prepare for a battle between
Germans and Jews; he said, "If we don't expel the Jews, we Germans will be expelled!"
954:
897:
262:
250:
1075:
1085:
1015:
552:("Away from Rome!") movement, which advocated the conversion of all Roman Catholic German-speaking people of Austria to Lutheran
486:
316:
822:
410:
that disregarded religious affiliations. His campaigning became especially vocal upon the arrival of Jewish refugees during the
1080:
614:
509:
425:
Schönerer was imprisoned for his raid on a newspaper office. While doing so, he allegedly was drunk, hence this caricature
309:
58:
1070:
127:
1025:
986:
588:
Schönerer died at his
Rosenau manor near Zwettl, Lower Austria on 14 August 1921. He had arranged to be buried near
219:
160:
481:
in parliament. Schönerer was not reelected to the
Imperial Council until 1897, while rivals like the Vienna mayor
1020:
528:
516:
470:
144:
119:
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148:
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435:(student fraternities) and numerous associations in Cisleithanian Austria. In turn, Jewish activists like
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added to the Linz program, which led to the ultimate breach between him and Adler and
Friedjung.
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328:
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259:
227:
109:
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414:. He fiercely denounced the influence of "exploitative international Jews" and in 1885 had an
383:
332:
266:
235:
195:
541:
448:
355:, which was to be added to the constitution, was to strengthen ties between Austria and the
179:, where he became known as a generous patriarch of the local peasants and great benefactor.
99:
406:
politician. Schönerer developed a political philosophy that featured elements of a violent
194:
in 1871, Schönerer became a political activist and ardent admirer of the German
Chancellor
546:
493:
415:
50:
947:
The Pomp and Politics of Patriotism: Imperial Celebrations in Habsburg Austria, 1848–1916
315:
The framers proposed either complete autonomy for the non-German-speaking Crownlands of
597:
524:
431:
391:
270:
73:. He was known for a generation as the most radical pan-German nationalist in Austria.
999:
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211:
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54:
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66:
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policies so enraged Schönerer and his followers that they accused Taafe of being "
982:
536:
482:
443:. Schönerer's authoritarianism, popular solidarism, nationalism, pan-Germanism,
305:
172:
122:
in 1860. His wife was a great-granddaughter of R. Samuel Löb Kohen, who died at
421:
17:
576:
565:
519:
from office. Badeni had proclaimed that civil servants in Austrian-controlled
387:
274:
966:
The Socialism of Fools: Georg Ritter von Schönerer and Austrian Pan-Germanism
454:
49:(17 July 1842 – 14 August 1921) was an Austrian landowner and politician of
32:
497:
324:
320:
140:
827:(Second Enlarged ed.). New York, USA: Meridian Books. p. 241.
520:
462:
generally followed suit by expelling Jews and generally Slavs as well.
440:
344:
90:
as Georg Heinrich Schönerer; his father, the wealthy railroad pioneer
53:
active in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. A major exponent of
561:
168:
104:
87:
390:... e are steadfast supporters of the alliance with Germany and the
382:. We shall continue to agitate for the maintenance of German as the
570:
420:
31:
789:
Hitler's Religion: The Twisted Beliefs that Drove the Third Reich
832:
366:
Ironically, this manifesto fit in very well with the dreams of
114:
226:
representative, but became a more and more extreme and vocal
258:
Tensions rose even further in 1879 due to the accession of
618:", described Georg Schönerer as the "spiritual father" of
429:
Schönerer's approach became the model for German national
163:). He then conducted the business affairs of his father's
890:
Monarchy, Myth, and Material Culture in Germany 1750–1950
909:
Hitler's Vienna: A Portrait of the Tyrant as a Young Man
758:
756:
674:
672:
508:
In 1897, Schönerer helped orchestrate the expulsion of
489:
took the chance created by his disfavor to get ahead.
1061:
Members of the Austrian House of Deputies (1901–1907)
1056:
Members of the Austrian House of Deputies (1897–1900)
1051:
Members of the Austrian House of Deputies (1885–1891)
1046:
Members of the Austrian House of Deputies (1879–1885)
1041:
Members of the Austrian House of Deputies (1873–1879)
240:
Austro-Hungarian occupation of Bosnia and Herzegovina
983:
Newspaper clippings about Georg Ritter von Schönerer
312:, which became a major force in Imperial politics.
247:and were finally rid of Bosnia and its entourage!"
968:. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
136:, who strongly rejected her brother's politics.
69:, Schönerer exerted much influence on the young
949:. West Lafayette, IN: Purdue University Press.
652:"SCHÖNERER, GEORG VON - JewishEncyclopedia.com"
1031:Converts to Lutheranism from Roman Catholicism
8:
1036:Constitutional Party (Austria) politicians
928:Fin-de-Siècle Vienna: Politics and Culture
852:The Third Reich: A History of Nazi Germany
412:Russian Empire's pogroms, starting in 1881
638:
892:. New York: Cambridge University Press.
808:
249:
723:
631:
182:Shaken by Austria's defeat in the 1866
774:
762:
747:
711:
690:
678:
496:in January 1900, and converted to the
735:
7:
254:Georg Ritter von Schönerer, ca. 1893
394:now being followed by the empire."
854:. New York: Simon & Schuster.
126:in 1832. He had a younger sister,
25:
300:, which they proudly called "not
61:as well as a radical opponent of
792:New York: Simon & Schuster.
234:, against the Catholic Imperial
94:(1807–1881), an employee of the
386:and to oppose the extension of
310:Austro-German national movement
27:Austrian politician (1842–1921)
824:The Origins Of Totalitarianism
615:The Origins of Totalitarianism
534:During these years, while the
1:
1066:German nationalism in Austria
964:Whiteside, Andrew G. (1975).
871:The Coming of the Third Reich
579:, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany
59:German nationalism in Austria
37:
612:Hannah Arendt, in her book "
556:, or, in some cases, to the
190:, and the foundation of the
987:20th Century Press Archives
945:Unowsky, Daniel L. (2005).
911:. Tauris Parke Paperbacks.
439:began to adopt the idea of
327:or ceding all three to the
214:, Schönerer was elected to
98:, was knighted (adding the
36:Georg Ritter von Schönerer
1117:
930:. New York: Random House.
926:Schorske, Carl E. (1980).
656:www.jewishencyclopedia.com
161:University of West Hungary
47:Georg Ritter von Schönerer
907:Hamann, Brigitte (2010).
850:Childers, Thomas (2017).
517:Kasimir Felix Graf Badeni
504:End of career in politics
408:racial opposition to Jews
186:, the dissolution of the
139:From 1861, Georg studied
1076:Austrian anti-communists
786:Wiekart, Richard (2016)
544:, Schönerer founded the
398:Adoption of antisemitism
308:, but national", of the
159:, today a campus of the
130:, later director of the
1086:Antisemitism in Austria
1016:Politicians from Vienna
869:Evans, Richard (2005).
821:Arendt, Hannah (1958).
143:at the universities of
580:
487:Christian Social Party
426:
347:were to be coercively
255:
86:Schönerer was born in
43:
1081:Anti-Slavic sentiment
873:. New York: Penguin.
575:Schönerer's grave in
574:
558:Old Catholic Churches
424:
376:Croatian nationalists
361:House of Hohenzollern
253:
63:political Catholicism
35:
702:Eric Roman, p. 512.
604:, northern Germany.
590:Bismarck's mausoleum
273:and whose Catholic,
188:German Confederation
108:, "Knight", and the
1071:German nationalists
888:Giloi, Eva (2013).
777:, pp. 13, 244.
738:, pp. 161–162.
531:to dismiss Badeni.
492:Schönerer left the
288:In 1882 Schönerer,
232:"Jewish" capitalism
206:Entering parliament
184:Austro-Prussian War
157:Ungarisch-Altenburg
133:Theater an der Wien
96:House of Rothschild
1026:Austrian Lutherans
602:Schleswig-Holstein
581:
510:Minister-President
477:, but also of his
427:
329:Kingdom of Hungary
294:Heinrich Friedjung
265:, a member of the
260:minister-president
256:
238:, and against the
228:German nationalist
110:nobiliary particle
92:Matthias Schönerer
44:
975:978-0-52002-434-2
937:978-0-394-74478-0
918:978-1-84885-277-8
880:978-0-14303-469-8
861:978-1-45165-113-3
798:978-1-62-157551-1
600:, in present-day
592:on his estate at
384:official language
333:official language
267:Austrian nobility
236:House of Habsburg
196:Otto von Bismarck
16:(Redirected from
1108:
1021:Austrian knights
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960:
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884:
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542:Imperial Germany
449:anti-Catholicism
432:Burschenschaften
335:of Austria, the
220:Imperial Council
167:at Rosenau near
100:hereditary title
42:
39:
21:
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956:978-1-557534002
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899:978-1-107675407
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494:Catholic Church
416:Aryan paragraph
400:
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84:
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77:Life and career
51:Austria-Hungary
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28:
23:
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18:Georg Schönerer
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765:, p. 243.
752:
750:, p. 244.
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728:
726:, p. 157.
716:
714:, p. 241.
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695:
693:, p. 236.
683:
681:, p. 238.
668:
643:
639:Whiteside 1975
630:
629:
627:
624:
609:
606:
585:
582:
525:Czech language
523:must know the
505:
502:
500:denomination.
458:with Germany.
399:
396:
392:foreign policy
296:, drafted the
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1091:Germanization
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594:Friedrichsruh
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554:Protestantism
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437:Theodor Herzl
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357:German Empire
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353:Customs union
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271:Irish descent
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263:Eduard Taaffe
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216:Cisleithanian
213:
212:Panic of 1873
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200:Dual Alliance
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192:German Empire
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177:Lower Austria
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171:in the rural
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118:) by Emperor
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65:and a fierce
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55:pan-Germanism
52:
48:
34:
30:
19:
1101:Anti-Masonry
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844:Bibliography
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743:
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724:Unowsky 2005
719:
707:
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686:
659:. Retrieved
655:
646:
634:
620:Adolf Hitler
613:
611:
587:
548:Los von Rom!
547:
545:
535:
533:
529:Franz Joseph
514:Cisleithania
507:
491:
468:
464:
460:
453:
445:anti-Slavism
430:
428:
401:
380:Slavic state
365:
337:Czech people
314:
298:Linz Program
290:Viktor Adler
287:
279:pro-minority
257:
245:German Reich
209:
181:
156:
138:
131:
120:Franz Joseph
113:
103:
85:
71:Adolf Hitler
46:
45:
29:
1011:1921 deaths
1006:1842 births
775:Hamann 2010
763:Hamann 2010
748:Hamann 2010
712:Hamann 2010
691:Hamann 2010
679:Hamann 2010
537:Kulturkampf
483:Karl Lueger
283:anti-German
210:During the
173:Waldviertel
128:Alexandrine
41: 1900
1000:Categories
736:Giloi 2013
661:23 January
626:References
566:Nazi Party
388:federalism
349:Germanized
275:monarchist
218:Austria’s
175:region of
153:Magyaróvár
124:Pohořelice
82:Early life
67:antisemite
608:Reception
598:Lauenburg
471:Wilhelm I
455:Anschluss
404:far-right
372:Hungarian
149:Hohenheim
833:58-11927
564:and the
540:divided
498:Lutheran
485:and his
351:, and a
325:Dalmatia
321:Bukovina
306:clerical
145:Tübingen
141:agronomy
989:of the
985:in the
577:Aumühle
521:Bohemia
479:mandate
441:Zionism
345:Moravia
341:Bohemia
317:Galicia
302:liberal
224:liberal
972:
953:
934:
915:
896:
877:
858:
831:
796:
562:Hitler
447:, and
368:Polish
323:, and
304:, not
292:, and
277:, and
169:Zwettl
165:estate
105:Ritter
88:Vienna
584:Death
475:noble
222:as a
970:ISBN
951:ISBN
932:ISBN
913:ISBN
894:ISBN
875:ISBN
856:ISBN
829:LCCN
794:ISBN
663:2018
374:and
343:and
151:and
57:and
991:ZBW
512:of
339:in
285:."
269:of
115:von
112:of
102:of
1002::
755:^
671:^
654:.
622:.
596:,
568:.
370:,
363:.
319:,
202:.
147:,
38:c.
978:.
959:.
940:.
921:.
902:.
883:.
864:.
835:.
665:.
155:(
20:)
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