338:
345:
121:
375:, to produce a long-range, high-powered, anti-ship weapon. The first prototype guns of this type, Model 1811 produced by the Alger Foundry, came to be referred to as Columbiads after the epic poem by, and in honor of, Joel Barlow, poet and diplomat married to Bomford's wife's sister. Bomford and his wife Clara lived on the estate of Joel Barlow, known as "Kalorama". The army stationed 8-inch and 10-inch Columbiads Model 1844 around the country as a part of the
101:
31:
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25 March 1848 while on army business and was buried in a tomb in the family mausoleum on the "Kalorama estate" in
Washington, D.C. In 1892, due to construction of Massachusetts Avenue on the site of the estate, the remains of George Bomford, his wife Clara, and son Henry Baldwin Bomford, were moved
486:
George
Bomford married a second time 20 April 1816 to Clarissa "Clara" Baldwin (died 10 December 1856) and they had three children. They were Ruth Theodora: born 1 January 1818, married John (Jott) Stone Paine, and died 28 November 1895; Henry Baldwin: born 1823 or 1824, died 9 September 1845; and
322:) failed to act. By time the U.S. Supreme Court declared in 1852 that the general died intestate and gave his money to his heirs, the value of his estate had decreased substantially; this was attributed by a case attorney to Colonel George Bomford's use of the estate for his own purposes.
223:, the son of a British officer, Thomas Bomford of the 60th Royal Artillery, and his wife. His birth records do not indicate an exact date of birth nor the name of his father. Bomford later told his son James the information, who reported it in records at Norwich University.
453:. During this time, he was held as a prisoner by the Confederates from April 1861 to May 1862. After a career in the Army, he died January 6, 1892, at Elizabeth, New Jersey at the age of 80 and was buried at Evergreen Cemetery, Hillside, New Jersey.
418:
Shortly after graduating West Point, Bomford married Louisa Sophia Catton, daughter of the noted
English artist Charles P. Catton. They had three children: George Catton Bomford, James Vote (or Votey) Bomford, and Louisa Sophia Bomford.
891:
728:
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when the army was reorganized in 1821 and the
Ordnance Department and Artillery Departments were merged in the interest of economy. In 1832, the Ordnance Department was re-established as the
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881:
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for his friend, and
Bomford was appointed to West Point from the state of New York on 23 October 1804, despite the circumstances of his birth.
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376:
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50-pounder Model 1811 Columbiad and center pivot mounting designed by George
Bomford as an experimental coastal defense gun, photographed in
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247:
876:
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in 1841. In 1842 he became inspector of arsenals, ordnance, arms, and munitions of war. He held both positions until his death in 1848.
35:
George
Bomford, designer, inventor, and Inspector of Arsenals, Ordnance, Arms and Munitions of War from 1842 to 1845 (Cullum's Register).
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886:
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402:(which were eventually pulled from inventory) or the early Columbiads. Columbiads continued in operation until after the
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337:
642:
220:
706:
Nancy Simons
Peterson, CG, "Guarded Pasts: The Lives and Offspring of Colonel George and Clara (Baldwin) Bomford"
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785:
766:
705:
403:
550:- See note: NGSQ page 284. There is an error in the stated date of 1803 made by Swift or in West Point records.
469:
422:
George Catton was born 17 December 1807. While a cadet at West Point, he was found guilty on four charges in a
487:
George Erving
Bomford, born 31 March 1829, became a surgeon and married, and died 1864 during the Civil War.
445:, where he graduated in 1832. He rose to a colonel in the 8th United States infantry, and was promoted to a
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871:
866:
227:
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82:
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of
December 25, 1826. Although expelled from the Academy, he was allowed to retire from the Army.
277:, Bomford was a staff major in the ordnance department and was appointed to the post of assistant
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and an inventor and designer of weapons and defensive installations. He served as the second
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Artillerists and Engineers: The Beginnings of American Seacoast Fortifications 1794–1815
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James was born 5 October 1811 on Governors Island in New York Harbor. He graduated from
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of ordnance on 18 June 1812. On 6 July 1812 he was attached to the Corps of Engineers.
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The heavy coastal defense howitzers designed by Bomford combined attributes of the
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288:. As an engineer, he and Joseph Gardner Swift were called upon to help rebuild the
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53:
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Norwich University, 1819-1911: Her History, Her Graduates, Her Roll of Honor,
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30:
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It was considered an improved Columbiad, especially the later models with
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357:
262:. From 1810 to 1812 he served as the superintendent engineer of works on
226:
By a chance meeting, Bomford befriended the first graduate of West Point
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James' son, George N. Bomford, also had a military career. He was a
70:
398:. The Rodman Gun was considered more reliable than the larger sized
307:. At that time he was promoted to full colonel and appointed as the
195:(1780 – March 25, 1848) was a distinguished military officer in the
318:
died in 1817, despite writing four wills, two executors (including
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until 1808. From 1808 to 1810, Bomford served in the defenses of
464:
of the Second Division, under the command of Brigadier General
368:
541:
3 vols., Montpelier: Grenville Dodge, 1911, volume 2, page 67
230:. Swift sought and received a "Cadet's Warrant" from General
729:"REGISTER OF GENERAL AND FIELD OFFICERS.; GENERAL OFFICERS"
356:
In 1811, Bomford developed the first heavy coastal defense
284:
After the war, on 9 February 1815 Bomford was promoted to
669:
The Big Guns, Civil War Siege, Seacoast, and Naval Cannon
254:
under West Point superintendent and Chief of Engineers,
520:(NGSQ) publication 86; December 1998. Published online;
735:, 28 October 28, 1862, page 2; Retrieved 24 April 2011
250:, he served as assistant engineer in the defenses of
892:
Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
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112:
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621:. Mclean, Virginia: CDSG Press. pp. 137–139.
16:American military officer, inventor, and designer
475:Louisa Sophia Bomford was born on 3 May 1813 in
472:during the Civil War. He died 5 September 1897.
379:. Bomford's design was improved by the Navy's
296:, an effort that lasted from 1815 until 1819.
246:, West Point in 1805, as a lieutenant in the
8:
691:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
606:. Charleston: The Battery Press. p. 71.
839:Chief of Ordnance of the United States Army
820:
29:
18:
604:Artillery and Ammunition of the Civil War
406:when they were rendered obsolete by the
717:National Genealogical Society Quarterly
583:. American Academy of Arts and Sciences
578:"Book of Members, 1780–2010: Chapter B"
530:
518:National Genealogical Society Quarterly
684:
441:in 1828. He gained an appointment at
882:United States Military Academy alumni
360:that would come to be referred to as
327:American Academy of Arts and Sciences
7:
426:on 2 March 1827, resulting from the
325:Bomford was elected a Fellow of the
567:, 2011. Retrieved February 6, 2013.
460:of the 42nd New York Infantry, 3rd
14:
305:United States Army Ordnance Corps
155:2nd Chief of Ordnance (1832–1848)
667:Olmstead, Stark, Tucker (1997).
508:and placed under one headstone.
119:
99:
897:Burials at Rock Creek Cemetery
671:. Museum Restoration Service.
244:United States Military Academy
219:, New York in 1780 during the
1:
352:. This gun was built in 1811.
479:. She died 19 April 1864 in
383:, but was superseded by the
299:Bomford was attached to the
256:Jonathan Williams (engineer)
183:George N. Bomford (grandson)
877:United States Army colonels
561:"Kosciuszko Ksiaze chlopow"
215:George Bomford was born on
913:
221:American Revolutionary War
845:
836:
828:
823:
643:"Kalorama estate article"
537:William Arba Ellis, ed.,
449:brigadier general in the
178:James Vote (Voty Bomford)
28:
832:Colonel Decius Wadsworth
470:Battle of Fredericksburg
211:Early life and education
205:U.S. Army Ordnance Corps
887:People from Long Island
617:Wade, Arthur P (2011).
602:Ripley, Warren (1984).
495:George Bomford died in
377:Third System of Defense
266:in the construction of
849:Colonel George Talcott
353:
341:
242:After graduating from
481:Newport, Rhode Island
389:Thomas Jackson Rodman
350:Clear Lake, Wisconsin
347:
340:
309:2nd Chief of Ordnance
133:Years of service
71:Boston, Massachusetts
54:Long Island, New York
805:NGSQ reference notes
468:, and fought at the
404:Spanish–American War
391:) of the Civil War.
273:At the start of the
228:Joseph Gardner Swift
746:- George N. Bomford
506:Rock Creek Cemetery
414:Marriage and family
83:Rock Creek Cemetery
810:2011-07-24 at the
791:2011-07-24 at the
772:2011-07-24 at the
733:The New York Times
711:2011-07-24 at the
559:Alex Storozynski,
458:Lieutenant Colonel
451:American Civil War
435:Norwich University
354:
342:
316:Tadeusz Kościuszko
286:lieutenant colonel
279:commissary general
248:Corps of Engineers
197:United States Army
127:United States Army
855:
854:
846:Succeeded by
824:Military offices
628:978-0-9748167-2-2
563:, pages 111–112,
201:Chief of Ordnance
190:
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68:(aged 67–68)
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829:Preceded by
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477:Albany, New York
466:Oliver O. Howard
320:Thomas Jefferson
311:on 30 May 1832.
294:Washington, D.C.
275:war of 1812–1815
264:Governors Island
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410:rifled cannon.
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268:Castle Williams
252:New York Harbor
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78:Place of Burial
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408:breech-loading
400:Parrott rifles
396:rifled barrels
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260:Chesapeake Bay
239:
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232:Henry Dearborn
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193:George Bomford
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64:March 25, 1848
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23:George Bomford
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814:- pp. 283-305
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649:on 2014-02-03
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314:When General
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843:1832 - 1848
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651:. Retrieved
647:the original
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587:September 9,
585:. Retrieved
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381:Dahlgren Gun
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290:U.S. Capitol
283:
272:
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192:
191:
161:Battles/wars
66:(1848-03-25)
872:1848 deaths
867:1780 births
428:Eggnog Riot
217:Long Island
165:War of 1812
861:Categories
653:2014-01-22
525:References
443:West Point
385:Rodman gun
371:, and the
362:Columbiads
95:Allegiance
687:cite book
358:howitzers
301:artillery
171:Relations
136:1805–1848
808:Archived
795:, p. 293
789:Archived
776:, p. 295
770:Archived
719:, p. 294
709:Archived
203:for the
151:Commands
113:Service/
462:Brigade
439:Vermont
145:Colonel
46: (
675:
625:
565:W.A.B.
497:Boston
447:brevet
373:mortar
238:Career
124:
115:branch
104:
89:, U.S.
73:, U.S.
56:, U.S.
581:(PDF)
512:Notes
491:Death
180:(son)
786:NGSQ
767:NGSQ
693:link
673:ISBN
623:ISBN
589:2016
141:Rank
61:Died
48:1780
44:1780
41:Born
504:to
437:in
369:gun
292:in
863::
731:,
715:,
689:}}
685:{{
499:,
483:.
364:.
270:.
207:.
85:,
695:)
681:.
656:.
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591:.
387:(
50:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
