285:. Cryer's campaign promised to close the "dens of vice," and attacked Snyder as being corrupt and unfit to be mayor. The Los Angeles Police Commissioner sent a telegram to the newspapers before the election asking, "Shall crime and protected vice continue, or will the voters and taxpayers elect George E. Cryer mayor?" Cryer billed himself as a non-politician: "I know nothing about politics, and I shall never be a politician. I have an idea that the business of the City of Los Angeles can be conducted like any other business ... quietly, effectively, efficiently." The
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468:"No, sir; never at any time, directly or indirectly. I never profited by my office. In fact, I considered it a financial detriment. It was the darndest job I ever had. It took practically all of my time, Sundays and every other day, and most of the night. I had to take the telephone out of my house so I could get a little sleep. I used to come home at nights from a banquet or something and people would call me sometimes at 3 o'clock in the morning -- some of them apparently insane."
456:, repeatedly branded Cryer as a "grafter" and the "chief exploiter," called his administration "one of the must corrupt the city ever saw," linked him to vice king Charlie Crawford, and asserted that Cryer went into office as a poor man and came out as a millionaire. Shuler's charges, made both on his radio station, KGEF, and in his magazine, led to a widely publicized libel lawsuit by Cryer against Shuler. The details of the Shuler libel suit were front-page news at the
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431:"Evidently Boss Parrot's subordinates are not well trained. Give him a few more years in control and he will, perhaps, do better. He must learn to think up plausible reasons for the actions of the organization and not let the purely political motive stick out like a sore thumb. Perhaps he thinks the voters of Los Angeles are so lacking in intelligence that this is unnecessary; if so, he is mistaken. It does not pay to be so raw anywhere."
258:. He graduated with honors and began the practice of law in Los Angeles in 1903. In September 1906, Cryer married Isabel Grace Gay. Mrs. Cryer was also a graduate of the University of Michigan, though the two did not meet until they were both residents of Los Angeles. Cryer and his wife had a son, Edward Gay Cryer (born. c. 1912) and a daughter, Catherine Christine Cryer (born c. 1915).
364:. On taking office in 1921, Cryer declared: "In this day of 'isms' and I.W.W. agitation, every enemy of our flag and country and institutions is carrying on this insidious propaganda of destruction, and it is, therefore, very necessary and proper that the forces of law and order should be alive, awake, and on guard."
297:. Cryer delivered the opening address and welcome the opening ceremony for the Coliseum on Armistice Day in 1923, and he led a parade of floats from the countries of the world as part of a ceremony marking the dedication of City Hall. The city also expanded its municipal-owned public utility system (the
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A campaign to recall Cryer in 1927 was led by the City
Planning Commissioner, Estelle Holman, and rumors spread that Cryer was "tired" and "weary" of the job, and that an "Unknown Committee of Twenty-Five" had formed to tell "the Parrot-Cryer lame-duck city 'administration' to ease the Mayor out of
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Cryer was re-elected mayor in 1923 and again in 1925—the latter election was for the first four-year mayoral term. His eight-year administration was a period of explosive population growth, as the city passed 1,000,000 in population, and suburban sprawl began as businesses and residents moved west
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At the trial in
November 1929, Shuler's lawyer cross-examined Cryer about allegations that he "pitched dice at in Farmer Page's place," and about his accumulation of wealth during his eight years as mayor. Cryer testified that he had a personal fortune of $ 160,000 when he took office in 1921 and
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Cryer died at age 86 following surgery for a broken hip suffered when he tripped over a garden hose at his house in Los
Angeles. As part of the city's memorial service, Cryer's body was carried into the rotunda of City Hall by an honor guard of policemen, a wreath placed on his casket by Mayor
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Though Cryer had been elected to office as a reformer who would eliminate public corruption, Cryer's administration became the target of corruption claims. Cryer defended his integrity against such charges and asserted when he left office that "Los
Angeles is now the cleanest large city in the
400:'s villains). Indeed, the loosely organized crime syndicate operating within the city government became known as "the City Hall Gang" during the 1920s. Some have written that Cryer was a mere figurehead and that Parrot was the "de facto mayor" who ran the Harbor Commission and the
477:("FRC") seeking revocation of the broadcast license for Shuler's radio station, KGEF. Shuler's controversial broadcasts also included attacks on Catholics, African Americans, the YWCA (for sponsoring dances that extended into the early hours of Sunday morning), and
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from the city's historic core. During his administration, large public works projects were launched, including the construction of the Los
Angeles City Hall, the Central Library (built at a cost of $ 2.3 million), the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum, and the
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to capacity for
Olympic try-outs. By filling the Coliseum, Cryer sought to demonstrate the city's desire to host the Olympic games. Cryer led a parade of athletes into the Coliseum for an event that included a boxing exhibition by
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Cryer's opponent in 1925 focused attention on Parrot's role in city government: "I ask, as I shall continue to ask through this campaign: 'Mr. Cryer, how much longer is Kent Parrot going to be the de-facto Mayor of Los
Angeles'?"
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The jury found Shuler not guilty on one count and failed to reach a verdict on a second count. When Shuler continued his attacks on Cryer, Shuler brought further proceedings in 1931, this time an administrative action before the
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After leaving office in 1929, Cryer went into the private practice of law. He ran for mayor again in 1933, but was defeated in the primary election. Cryer also served for a time as the president of Mutual Oil
Company.
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that Cryer would not seek re-election, and those close to Cryer openly charged Parrot with betraying the mayor. Cryer himself announced in late
February 1929 that he would not run for re-election as mayor.
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disaster in 1928, Cryer won national prominence and commendation for promptly accepting the city's responsibility for the disaster and agreeing to pay damages without the necessity of legal proceedings.
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backed Cryer, noting, "To talk with George E. Cryer is to know instinctively that he is not a politician clutching at straws for a 'platform,' but that he is a quiet, effective man who does things."
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The
Watchman (1927-09-15). "Mayor Likely to Step Down; City Hall Rumors Say He'll Quit Fairly Soon; Scramble Begins to Line Up Votes for Successor Clarke and Lickley Backed; Recall Move Goes On".
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left office in 1929 with a personal wealth of $ 450,000 which Cryer credited to "realty deals absolutely uninfluenced by his political position." Asked if he had ever taken a bribe, Cryer replied:
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machine that controlled New York politics in the 19th century. The article ignored Cryer and focused its attack on the "clumsy" corruption of the political machine run by "Boss Parrot":
273:(1915–1919). He gained fame for prosecution of public corruption. In 1917, he was the prosecutor in the corruption case brought against Los Angeles County Supervisor Richard H. Norton.
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were built, and the city's population surpassed 1,000,000. Prior and subsequent to serving as mayor, he was a lawyer. Between 1929 and 1931, Cryer became engaged in a widely publicized
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847:"Cryer Machine Torn by Strife: Birnbaum Resigns as Council Bars Foss Appointment; Police Commission Leaders Raise Voices of Woe; 'Mayor's Gone Over to Foe,' Wails ex-Minion".
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1059:"SHULER VERDICT FAVORS PASTOR; Jury Acquits Him on One of Libel Counts Disagreement Reported on Other Accusation Woman Seeks Conviction on Second Charge".
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1074:"Shuler Plans Radio Appeal; Order Silencing Station Shock to Pastor He Reports $ 4.77 Message Came "Collect" Mass Meeting to Decide on Fight for KGEF".
802:"Cryer Offers Dam Fund Plan; Special Message Opposes Water Rate Boost Would Pay Flood Damage from Bureau Money Taxpayers Then to Defray Bond Interest".
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was declared in 1898, Cryer volunteered and served as a private in Company G, Seventh California Infantry. He was mustered out with rank of sergeant.
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had been a strong backer of Cryer, the paper in 1927 published an editorial referring to the city government as "Our Local Tammany", a reference to
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By 1929, relations between the two principals of "the so-called Parrot-Cryer political machine" had been severed. Parrot leaked a report to the
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for permitting evolution to be taught. In November 1931, Cryer succeeded in winning an order from the FRC revoking KGEF's broadcast license.
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1023:"Champion "Ag'inner" of Universe Is Shuler; Belligerent Local Pastor Holds All Records for Attacks Upon Everybody, Everything".
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was openly critical of the relationship between Parrot and Cryer, referring to Cryer as Parrot's "personal mayor". Though the
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209:, a radio evangelist who accused Cryer of being a "grafter" who had entered office a poor man and left office a millionaire.
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313:' son, Walter, on March 10, 1928, also occurred during Cryer's mayoralty. The disappearance brought publicity about the
772:"City to Bow in Memory of Departed Heroes; Huge Parade and Memorial Service at Coliseum to Commemorate Armistice Day".
317:'s lack of eagerness, incompetence and corruption concerning this case; for example, committing Christine to the local
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787:"As to Responsibility: Mayor and City Attorney Say Los Angeles Will Face Dam Situation in Broad, Helpful Way".
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to Los Angeles. In May 1924, he declared a citywide half-day holiday and urged city residents to fill the new
867:"Cryer Quizzed on Politics: Ex-Mayor Target of Sweeping Cross-Examination as Witness in Shuler Libel Trial".
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757:"Cryer Makes Curtain Bow: He Completes Eight Years in City Hall; Wooden Key Will Be Given Porter Tomorrow".
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301:), and Cryer was instrumental in the passage of the legislation that provided for the construction of the
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1041:"Cryer Lists His Wealth: Former Mayor Places Fortune as $ 450,000 in Testimony at Shuler Libel Trial".
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817:"Holiday for Olympics Is Proclaimed: Mayor Urges Citizens to Attend Tryouts at Coliseum on Saturday".
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Cryer was elected mayor of the City of Los Angeles in 1921 in a close election against the incumbent
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from 1921 to 1929, a period of rapid growth in the city's population. During his administration, the
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664:"Cryer Is Elected Mayor of Los Angeles: Lead About Seven Thousand; Snyder Forces Admit Defeat".
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832:"Parade to Start Off Tryouts: Mayor Cryer to Lead Athletes in March Around Field Saturday".
709:"Efficiencey Is Cryer Watchword: A Pictured Glimpse of the Personal Side of Our New Mayor".
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Some historical accounts indicate that Cryer was controlled by the city's political boss,
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572:"Ask 'Examiner' To Play Fair: Veterans Demand Cryer's War Record Be Published".
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679:"Cryer Assures Vice Cleanup: Ministers Applaud Resolves of Mayoralty Seeker".
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906:"Bledsoe Hurls Defy at Cryer: Challenges Parrot's Status as De-Facto Mayor".
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989:"Cryer Assails Shuler Charge: Ex-Mayor Calls Accusation Against Him False".
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The Watchman (1929-03-01). "Mayor Cryer Announces He Will Not Make Race".
649:"Audit System Declared Lax: Defendant Clashes with the State Prosecutor".
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392:, and a coterie of bootleggers and criminals, including "vice kingpin"
309:, providing water and electricity to Los Angeles. The disappearance of
590:"Cryer Pledges Pure Loyalty: Takes Sharp Slap at 'Isms' and I.W.W.".
502:, and his body lay in state in the rotunda. Cryer was entombed at
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country, far superior to any city anywhere comparable in size."
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when she publicly said a boy they claimed to have brought from
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Cryer was also a leader in the successful effort to bring the
742:"L.A. Mayors: The Great, the Near Great and the Un-Great".
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In the late 1920s, a popular radio evangelist, the Rev.
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American volunteer soldiers of the Spanish–American War
610:
Alma Whitaker (1921-06-26). "The Woman Behind Cryer".
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The Sentry on His Beat (1927-02-06). "The Watchman".
261:Cryer's first public office was as first assistant
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248:After his military service, Cryer enrolled at the
229:with his family in 1885. He was educated in the
1535:Burials at Forest Lawn Memorial Park (Glendale)
515:, the part of Mayor George Cryer was played by
376:"George E. Cryer Sketched In Action", from the
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634:"George Cryer, Ex-Mayor Dies After Surgery".
8:
1119:"Ex-Mayor Cryer Paid Tribute at City Hall".
1505:20th-century mayors of places in California
1104:"Rites Revised for Ex-Mayor George Cryer".
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181:(May 13, 1875 – May 24, 1961) was an
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889:"Mall Is Legacy of '20s Crime, Corruption"
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299:Los Angeles Department of Water and Power
252:where he was the assistant editor of the
1575:University of Michigan Law School alumni
1089:Howard Kegley (1933-07-06). "Oil News".
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1147:Grupo Editorial España. p. 654.
1006:"Mixing Fire, Brimstone and Politics"
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1565:People from Douglas County, Nebraska
271:Los Angeles County District Attorney
56:July 1, 1921 – July 1, 1929
1560:Military personnel from Los Angeles
237:public schools and graduated from
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1530:Assistant United States Attorneys
483:University of Southern California
436:the side door of the City Hall."
269:(1912–1913) and the chief deputy
250:University of Michigan Law School
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1004:Cecilia Rasmussen (1997-11-23).
887:Cecilia Rasmussen (1999-10-03).
545:"Biography File on George Cryer"
454:Robert P. "Fighting Bob" Shuler
362:Industrial Workers of the World
1550:Los Angeles High School alumni
1:
1500:20th-century American lawyers
550:. Los Angeles Public Library.
402:Los Angeles Police Department
346:Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum
205:court case with the Reverend
199:Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum
1570:Protestants from California
509:In the 2008 motion picture
189:, Cryer served as the 32nd
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1510:20th-century Presbyterians
724:"Politics: The Watchman".
360:and the activities of the
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1201:
1140:Clint Eastwood: BiografĂa
694:"Burge Denounces Mayor".
368:Allegations of corruption
342:1932 Summer Olympic Games
325:(the boy was really from
267:Los Angeles City Attorney
185:lawyer and politician. A
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1545:Lawyers from Los Angeles
1515:American anti-communists
475:Federal Radio Commission
223:Douglas County, Nebraska
481:, the President of the
239:Los Angeles High School
128:Los Angeles, California
1540:California Republicans
1520:American Presbyterians
479:Rufus B. von KleinSmid
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263:United States Attorney
167:University of Michigan
1555:Mayors of Los Angeles
1195:Mayors of Los Angeles
936:"Our Local Tammany".
504:Forest Lawn Mausoleum
489:Later years and death
466:
429:
396:(a model for some of
375:
358:opponent of communism
195:Los Angeles City Hall
1145:Penguin Random House
277:Mayor of Los Angeles
243:Spanish–American War
191:Mayor of Los Angeles
44:Mayor of Los Angeles
1135:McGilligan, Patrick
394:Charles H. Crawford
329:) was not her son.
255:Michigan Law Review
227:southern California
179:George Edward Cryer
98:George Edward Cryer
1137:(April 12, 2012).
460:for much of 1929.
448:Shuler libel trial
441:Los Angeles Record
382:
356:Cryer was also an
307:All-American Canal
295:Mulholland Highway
283:Meredith P. Snyder
217:Born on a farm in
111:Waterloo, Nebraska
67:Meredith P. Snyder
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1121:Los Angeles Times
1106:Los Angeles Times
1091:Los Angeles Times
1076:Los Angeles Times
1061:Los Angeles Times
1043:Los Angeles Times
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991:Los Angeles Times
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953:Los Angeles Times
938:Los Angeles Times
923:Los Angeles Times
908:Los Angeles Times
893:Los Angeles Times
869:Los Angeles Times
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804:Los Angeles Times
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696:Los Angeles Times
681:Los Angeles Times
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636:Los Angeles Times
612:Los Angeles Times
592:Los Angeles Times
574:Los Angeles Times
458:Los Angeles Times
413:Los Angeles Times
378:Los Angeles Times
311:Christine Collins
287:Los Angeles Times
225:, Cryer moved to
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380:, March 26, 1921
323:DeKalb, Illinois
319:psychiatric ward
207:Robert P. Shuler
148:Isabel Grace Gay
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1265:Marchesseault
1263:
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1255:Marchesseault
1253:
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1156:
1154:9788426420992
1150:
1146:
1142:
1141:
1136:
1130:
1127:
1123:. 1961-05-27.
1122:
1115:
1112:
1108:. 1961-05-26.
1107:
1100:
1097:
1092:
1085:
1082:
1078:. 1931-11-14.
1077:
1070:
1067:
1063:. 1929-11-18.
1062:
1055:
1053:
1049:
1045:. 1929-11-08.
1044:
1037:
1035:
1031:
1027:. 1930-06-01.
1026:
1019:
1016:
1011:
1007:
1000:
997:
993:. 1931-01-18.
992:
985:
983:
981:
977:
972:
965:
963:
959:
954:
947:
944:
940:. 1927-01-16.
939:
932:
929:
924:
917:
914:
910:. 1925-04-23.
909:
902:
899:
894:
890:
883:
881:
879:
875:
871:. 1929-11-09.
870:
863:
861:
859:
855:
851:. 1927-07-16.
850:
843:
840:
836:. 1924-05-19.
835:
828:
825:
821:. 1924-05-22.
820:
813:
810:
806:. 1928-05-01.
805:
798:
795:
791:. 1928-03-15.
790:
783:
780:
776:. 1923-11-11.
775:
768:
765:
761:. 1929-06-30.
760:
753:
750:
746:. 1969-03-25.
745:
738:
736:
732:
728:. 1921-05-31.
727:
720:
717:
713:. 1921-05-26.
712:
705:
702:
698:. 1921-04-20.
697:
690:
687:
683:. 1921-04-26.
682:
675:
672:
668:. 1921-06-08.
667:
660:
657:
653:. 1917-09-28.
652:
645:
642:
638:. 1961-05-25.
637:
630:
628:
626:
624:
622:
618:
613:
606:
604:
602:
598:
594:. 1921-06-22.
593:
586:
584:
580:
576:. 1921-06-03.
575:
568:
566:
564:
562:
560:
558:
554:
546:
540:
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469:
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455:
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428:
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422:
418:
414:
411:By 1927, the
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367:
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352:
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48:
45:
40:
36:
32:
27:
20:
1450:Villaraigosa
1404:
1139:
1129:
1120:
1114:
1105:
1099:
1090:
1084:
1075:
1069:
1060:
1042:
1024:
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946:
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931:
922:
916:
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901:
892:
868:
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842:
833:
827:
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812:
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797:
788:
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773:
767:
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743:
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719:
710:
704:
695:
689:
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611:
591:
573:
510:
508:
496:
492:
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467:
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457:
451:
440:
438:
434:
430:
425:Tammany Hall
416:
412:
410:
406:
387:
383:
377:
355:
351:Jack Dempsey
339:
331:
291:
286:
280:
260:
253:
247:
216:
178:
177:
123:(1961-05-24)
121:May 24, 1961
108:May 13, 1875
74:Succeeded by
51:
1495:1961 deaths
1490:1875 births
517:Reed Birney
241:. When the
213:Early years
62:Preceded by
1484:Categories
1300:MacDougall
523:References
512:Changeling
421:Boss Tweed
332:After the
303:Hoover Dam
187:Republican
162:Alma mater
139:Republican
104:1875-05-13
1390:Sebastian
1380:Alexander
1245:S. Foster
1240:T. Foster
1235:S. Foster
52:In office
1455:Garcetti
1375:Stephens
1310:Toberman
1290:Toberman
1270:Mascarel
235:Pasadena
231:Redlands
219:Waterloo
183:American
153:Children
1440:Riordan
1435:Bradley
1425:Poulson
1395:Woodman
1365:McAleer
1325:Workman
1295:Beaudry
1285:Aguilar
1275:Aguilar
1250:Nichols
1230:Coronel
1225:Nichols
1420:Bowron
1410:Porter
1400:Snyder
1370:Harper
1360:Snyder
1350:Snyder
1335:Hazard
1330:Bryson
1320:Spence
1280:Turner
1260:Mellus
1220:Wilson
1215:Hodges
1151:
145:Spouse
130:, U.S.
113:, U.S.
1430:Yorty
1405:Cryer
1355:Eaton
1345:Rader
1340:Rowan
548:(PDF)
417:Times
203:libel
42:32nd
1460:Bass
1445:Hahn
1415:Shaw
1385:Rose
1315:Thom
1305:Cohn
1149:ISBN
327:Iowa
315:LAPD
305:and
233:and
197:and
118:Died
94:Born
423:'s
1486::
1143:.
1051:^
1033:^
1008:.
979:^
961:^
891:.
877:^
857:^
734:^
620:^
600:^
582:^
556:^
530:^
519:.
506:.
353:.
221:,
1187:e
1180:t
1173:v
1157:.
1093:.
1012:.
973:.
955:.
925:.
895:.
614:.
156:2
106:)
102:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
