436:, shied and threw Mr Jennings and his son against a dust cart. Mr Jennings Jnr. escaped with only a shaking, but Mr Jennings' collar bone was fractured. He was conveyed home and attended by Dr Edmonds and two other physicians. His recovery from the injuries proceeded favourably up until Sunday, when against his doctors' order, he would get up. On Sunday night a relapse and congestion of the lungs set in, and he expired on Monday evening, about 6 o'clock. He was 72 years of age.'
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thus admits water without (in the case of water-closets) the use of wires, &c. The other arrangements include a similar valve, but provided with a waste-pipe, and an arrangement of the same with a ball- cock for governing the supply of water to water-closets and their cisterns ; also an improved stand-pipe, and a sluice-valve for steam and fluids, the novelty of which consists in the manner of fitting and fixing the facings against which the slide works.
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432:, universally known as the celebrated engineer of Palace Wharf, Lambeth. Mr Jennings' death occurred under the following painful circumstances: On Thursday evening, according to his usual custom, he, together with his son George, drove home in his gig. The horse, of a very restive character and hard in the mouth, whilst crossing over the
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At the
International Health Exhibition in London in 1884, The Gold Medal was awarded for the Jennings' Pedestal Vase. In a test, its 2-gallon flush washed down ten apples of average diameter 1 ¼ inches, 1 flat sponge about 4 ½ inches in diameter, plumber's smudge coated over the pan, and 4 pieces of
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An improved construction of pump for lifting and forcing, in which the use of a branch-pipe and stuffing-box, as ordinarily employed, is dispensed with ; the branch in which the handle works being provided with a vulcanised India-rubber tube surrounding the handle at the joint, so as to prevent
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in
Hampshire. He was the eldest of seven children of Jonas Joseph Jennings and Mary Dimmock. He was educated at the local school run by his uncle-in-law Joshua Withers. At 14, after his father's death he was apprenticed to his grandfather's glass and lead merchandising business, before moving to his
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An improved construction of valve for water-closets and other uses, and several arrangements of valves and other apparatus for like purposes. The novelty of the valve consists in its spindle being prolonged downwards, so as to be capable of being acted on by a lever which opens and closes it, and
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Jennings specialised in designing toilets that were "as perfect a sanitary closet as can be made". However, he also excelled in public sanitation projects such as the design of the underground 'public convenience'. The entrances to these were elaborate metal railings and arches lit by lamps, with
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When the exhibition finished and moved to
Sydenham, the toilets were to be closed down. However, Jennings persuaded the organisers to keep them open, and the toilet went on to earn over £1,000 a year. Jennings said that 'the civilisation of a people can be measured by their domestic and sanitary
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adopted it as his political maxim (Sanitas sanitatum, omnia sanitas)... and he implored a shocked city of London to accept his public lavatories free, on the condition that the... attendants whom he furnished were allowed to make a small charge for the use of the closets and towels.'
246:. These were the first public toilets, and they caused great excitement. During the exhibition, 827,280 visitors paid one penny to use them; for the penny they got a clean seat, a towel, a comb and a shoe shine. "To spend a penny" became a euphemism for going to the toilet.
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greatly encouraged this indefatigable
Engineer. In sanitary science he was avant coureur in his day and generation, and was among the first Engineers to practically carry out the theories of the wise men of the time. 'Sanitas sanitatum' was Mr Jennings's motto before
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He married twice, having four children by his first wife, Mary Ann Gill who died in 1844 (only 31). He remarried Sophia Budd (aged 16) some 14 years later, and had 11 children with her. One of these was Mabel
Jennings who married the English organist and composer,
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An improved construction of water-closet, in which the pan and trap are constructed in the same piece, and so formed that there shall always be a certain quantity of water retained in the pan itself, in addition to that in the trap which forms the
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presented George
Jennings with the Medal of the Society of Arts for his 'indiarubber tube taps and tube' for water supply. By now he was prospering and had also established George Jennings South Western Pottery at Parkstone Pottery in
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of France with a magnificent copper bath. He was definitely building up a good reputation and in 1870 supplied the water closet with his patented flushing mechanism in Lord Bute's
Victorian bathroom in the Bute Tower at
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An improved mode of constructing pump-barrels, by casting the inferior metal of which they are composed around a brass tube, which acts as a lining to the barrel, and obviates the necessity of burning or boring the
551:. Illustrated by Enzo Apicella, this paperback is considerably larger than the earlier work by Routh and Glashan. See 'Dirty Old London' (Yale: 2015) by Lee Jackson for clarification; and the author's blog post
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Patent dated 23 August 1852. JOSIAH GEORGE JENNINGS, of Great
Charlotte – street, Blackfriars-road, brass founder. For improvements in water-closets, in traps and valves, and in pumps.
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was the site of several industrial undertakings, the largest being George
Jennings South Western Pottery, which had its own steam locomotive, that ran on a private branch line from
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interiors built of slate and later, of ceramic tiles. A beautiful example of a public convenience from a period a little after
Jennings's death is the Gentleman's Convenience at
428:'It is with feelings of regret, which will be joined in by all who knew him, that we have this week to record the death of Mr George Jennings of Ferndale, Nightingale Lane,
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and South Africa. Their hard-bound catalogues were thick books that show a huge variety of water closets, urinals, basins, baths, Turkish baths, saunas, among many others.
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Reference suggesting 1851 proposal, 1856 drawings, and apparent acceptance for Crystal Palace; much later date of 1884 for underground convenience opposite Royal Exchange.
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Jennings also posthumously won for his firm, the Grand Prix at Paris in 1900, for his siphonic pan which had been a major development in lavatory design.
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US Patent 234287, Waste Water Guard for Water Closets, George Jennings and George Jennings, Jr., 9 November 1880; patented in GB 16 October 1878
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The family firm continued until 1967 and by 1895 their catalogue listed at least 36 towns where public conveniences had been installed. Paris,
141:. In 1831 he became a plumber with Messrs. Lancelot Burton of Newcastle Street, London where his father had been a foreman before him.
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539:), but evidence suggests that the first underground conveniences were not actually opened until 1885. Another possibility is
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During the 1860s Jennings was most certainly building up an export business. Somewhere between 1866 and 1888 he supplied
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appliances' whilst the objectors had stated that 'visitors are not coming to the Exhibition merely to wash'!
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held from 1 May to 15 October 1851, George Jennings installed his Monkey Closets in the Retiring Rooms of
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https://books.google.com/books?id=wHAFAAAAQAAJ&dq=george+jennings+patent&pg=PA353
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An improved trap for drains, &c., which is merely the ordinary bell-trap reversed.
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George Jennings supervised the public facilities at the thanksgiving service for the
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Bookplate from his catalogue 'The South Western Pottery, Terracotta and Brick Works'
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443:(grave 19,077 square 34) and in his will left a fortune of £76,721/7/6d.
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117:(10 November 1810 – 17 April 1882) was an English sanitary engineer and
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with a very elaborate mahogany shower cabinet. He also supplied the
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Jonathan Routh's Initial Good Loo Guide: Where to "go" in London.
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Meyer, Henry Coddington; Wingate, Charles Frederick (1896).
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Engineering Record, Building Record and Sanitary Engineer
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Jenning's and Lovegroove's Patent Plunger-Closet (1858)
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Josiah George Jennings was born on 10 November 1810 in
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uncle John Jennings's plumbing business at Southwick,
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English sanitary engineer; inventor of public toilets
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George Jennings died on 17 April 1882, aged 72. The
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The opening of the first underground convenience at
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583:The Surveyor & Municipal & County Engineer
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606:http://www.gracesguide.co.uk/George_Jennings
19:For other people named George Jennings, see
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519:The Good Loo Guide: Where to Go in London
153:(later moving to Great Charlotte Street,
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596:Cardiff Castle – the Victorian Bathroom
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512:The 1854 date is thought to come from
399:. He had been a favourite of the late
553:George Jennings and the Public Toilet
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601:Working Model in the Science Museum
425:reported the accident as follows:
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644:Burials at West Norwood Cemetery
21:George Jennings (disambiguation)
395:to celebrate his recovery from
342:, Sebastopol at the request of
356:Khedive of Egypt, Tewfik Pasha
121:who invented the first public
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439:He was buried on 23 April at
314:designed by George Jennings.
570:. McGraw Publishing Company.
169:, London built in 1891, by
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586:. St. Bride's Press. 1894.
193:Chronology of achievements
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383:George Jennings trademark
177:in the Retiring Rooms of
108:Mary Ann Gill Sophia Budd
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543:London: Banyan, 1989.
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367:designed by architect
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212:Lady Wimborne Cottages
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181:but does not survive.
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344:Florence Nightingale
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236:The Great Exhibition
175:The Great Exhibition
393:St Paul's Cathedral
275:Windermere, Cumbria
423:South London Press
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623:Categories
527:B0000CMN8N
500:References
455:, Berlin,
269:Jennings'
134:New Forest
95:Occupation
521:. Wolfe.
350:1860–1870
301:interior.
240:Hyde Park
220:Parkstone
167:City Road
56:Hampshire
517:(1965).
453:Florence
410:Disraeli
297:leakage.
218:estate.
99:Engineer
465:America
461:Britain
430:Clapham
397:typhoid
340:Scutari
273:at the
271:urinals
216:Canford
214:of the
151:Lambeth
119:plumber
74:Clapham
60:England
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487:Models
469:Mexico
457:Madrid
208:Dorset
105:Spouse
78:London
277:hotel
130:Eling
545:ISBN
533:ISBN
523:ASIN
417:1882
375:1872
326:1855
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67:Died
45:Born
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