734:
22:
722:
336:, "Meade has been included among several founders of elite Philadelphia families who supposedly formed a cohesive, long-lasting national upper class, but little actual evidence supports this claim of inherited greatness. ... ater biographers considered quiet virtues insufficiently heroic for the grandfather of a famous general."
710:
298:
although George was
Catholic, a pattern repeated in several generations of the Meade family. They had five sons and five daughters, who were baptized Catholic, though all but two predeceased their father—and many were buried in Protestant churchyards. He died in Philadelphia on November 9, 1808,
207:
After the war the firm suffered from the recession of 1783–1784, and particularly from failed
European investments and western land speculation. Fitzsimons left the partnership, which had accumulated a debt of £30,000. Meade saved his business and reputation with a £10,000 loan from Londoner John
223:
1789 to 1792 and as chairman of the Board of
Management for the Inspectors of the Prisons in 1792. Meade's temperament, described by descendants as "eccentric", as well as "testy" and prone to profanity, may have limited his opportunities.
208:
Barclay, which helped him settle all his debts. In
Philadelphia newspapers from 1784 to 1788 he advertised Spanish wines and Caribbean spirits as well as coffee, tea, sugar, molasses, sheet copper and German textiles.
87:
George Meade was born in
Philadelphia, the youngest child of Mary Stretch (or Stritch) and Robert Meade. Mary was from a Barbadian and Philadelphian merchant family; Robert was an Irish immigrant from
774:
228:
72:
40:(February 27, 1741 – November 9, 1808) was an American merchant, politician and slave trader best known for being the grandfather of Civil War general
299:
at age 67, and was buried at St. Mary's. His daughter
Elizabeth then followed Henrietta to England, while his son Richard continued the family business.
784:
170:
327:
wrote the article "George Meade, a
Patriot of the Revolutionary Era" in 1891, which was used uncritically by late 19th and early 20th-century sources.
79:. Descendants amplified these accomplishments into a legendary patriotism, though his influence has been assessed more modestly by recent biographers.
769:
162:
316:
117:
d. George and his siblings
Garrett and Catherine were educated on Barbados by their uncle George Stretch, before returning to their native city.
588:
History of the
Friendly Sons of St. Patrick and of the Hibernian Society for the Relief of Emigrants from Ireland: March 17, 1771—March 17, 1892
260:
244:
232:
91:
who moved to
Philadelphia around 1732. He had lived in either the Bahamas or Barbados, and was a provision merchant who traded with the
307:
Meade was not particularly well known in his day, and no collection of his papers survives, but he achieved fame as the grandfather of
252:
240:
185:
764:
60:
during the conflict—while it profited from British goods as well. Meade's business went bankrupt by 1801 due to investments in the
161:
land as well as the British Caribbean. In April 1775 George joined the Third Battalion of Associators, and in the prelude to
294:
George Meade married Henrietta Constantia Worsam, the daughter of Barbados planter Richard Worsam, on May 5, 1768. She was
789:
264:
181:
154:
76:
248:
332:
700:
282:; he had purchased over 230,000 acres of Georgia land between 1794 and 1796. By 1801 he was bankrupt, with his son
96:
49:
220:
103:
in July 1754, Robert died between August 13 and 26 at Philadelphia, leaving an estate of £79 11s
324:
216:
71:
Meade held minor city offices and was active in religious and civic life, among others serving as a trustee at
138:
256:
166:
275:
283:
65:
691:
A Philadelphia Gentleman: the Cultural, Institutional, and Political Socialization of George Gordon Meade
779:
345:
320:
236:
197:
57:
145:—a symbolic move because it did not significantly affect their business, unlike the opposition to the
759:
754:
738:
189:
134:
53:
312:
177:
41:
21:
726:
675:
652:
605:
308:
279:
61:
635:
150:
142:
92:
45:
157:, and Fitzsimons joined the firm after Garrett left. Meade & Company invested in western
714:
631:
212:
193:
88:
26:
567:
146:
748:
268:
200:. However, the firm also speculated on British stocks and imported British goods via
498:, pp. 40–41; Klepp however writes "he recovered before his retirement in 1806".
158:
204:, thus profiting from both sides of the war; Meade did not serve in any battles.
267:, he remained in Philadelphia to aid the sick, occasionally supporting physician
227:
In religious and civic associations he was more active, serving as a trustee for
586:
721:
643:
Meade, R. W. (1888–1891). "George Meade, a Patriot of the Revolutionary Era".
596:
Chandler, Charles L. (June 1953). "Catholic Merchants of Early Philadelphia".
201:
100:
99:'s, the first Roman Catholic Church in Philadelphia. After becoming sick on
315:. For his role in the American Revolution his profile was sculpted on the
295:
680:
657:
609:
569:
Portraits in Conversation: Francisco de Goya and Vicente López y Portaña
621:. Vol. XII. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. pp. 473–474.
617:
Frederick, John H. (1933). "Meade, George". In Malone, Dumas (ed.).
645:
Records of the American Catholic Historical Society of Philadelphia
598:
Records of the American Catholic Historical Society of Philadelphia
286:
managing his estate, and in 1804 he quit business life altogether.
130:
20:
48:, his firm was among the largest provision merchants during the
126:
369:, pp. 26–28; Klepp writes Robert died at St. Croix.
263:
and in 1792 vice-president of the Sunday Schools. During the
219:
and served in minor political offices: on the Philadelphia
261:
Hibernian Society for the Relief of Emigrants from Ireland
125:
Garrett and Meade went into business together importing
698:
215:like the influential Fitzsimons, he marched in the
626:Klepp, Susan E. (February 2000). "Meade, George".
572:(lecture). Meadows Museum. Event occurs at 35m17s
775:People of Pennsylvania in the American Revolution
16:American merchant, politician and slave trader
149:which they abstained from. Catherine married
8:
450:Chandler, "Catholic Merchants", p. 100.
274:His business definitively failed during the
188:—Meade & Company invested £2,000 in the
243:) he also donated outside his faith to the
446:
444:
95:. He also donated to the establishment of
693:(PhD dissertation). University of Toledo.
679:
656:
636:10.1093/anb/9780198606697.article.0101287
231:and donating $ 50 to the construction of
317:Catholic Total Abstinence Union Fountain
180:—after the Meade family briefly fled to
705:
668:American Catholic Historical Researches
387:
385:
383:
381:
379:
377:
375:
358:
171:Committee on Inspection and Observation
249:Fishing Company of Fort St. David
196:in 1780, and likewise invested in the
229:St. Mary's Roman Catholic Church
153:; he and George were founders of the
73:St. Mary's Roman Catholic Church
7:
348:– contemporary Philadelphia merchant
785:18th-century American slave traders
430:, pp. 34–45; though Campbell,
689:Stowe, Christopher S. (May 2005).
591:. Philadelphia: Hibernian Society.
520:Meade, "George Meade," p. 208
247:. In 1763 he had helped found the
186:British occupation of Philadelphia
14:
155:Friendly Sons of St. Patrick
77:Friendly Sons of St. Patrick
770:Businesspeople from Philadelphia
732:
720:
708:
619:Dictionary of American Biography
64:, and was continued by his son
1:
551:Compare Frederick with Klepp.
265:yellow fever epidemic of 1793
253:Philadelphia Dancing Assembly
30:
628:American National Biography
333:American National Biography
259:, in 1790 a founder of the
806:
674:(1): 92–93. January 1905.
585:Campbell, John H. (1892).
330:According to his entry in
278:due to investments in the
251:. He was a manager of the
50:American Revolutionary War
540:Portraits in Conversation
52:, and helped finance the
765:American Roman Catholics
566:Atzbach, Nicole (2016).
496:A Philadelphia Gentleman
483:A Philadelphia Gentleman
461:A Philadelphia Gentleman
428:A Philadelphia Gentleman
415:A Philadelphia Gentleman
402:A Philadelphia Gentleman
367:A Philadelphia Gentleman
217:Grand Federal Procession
139:nonimportation agreement
472:Klepp, "Meade, George".
391:Klepp, "Meade, George".
290:Personal life and death
257:Philadelphia Dispensary
167:Continental Association
666:"One Mixed Marriage".
239:and (having freed his
235:'s, what would become
44:. In partnership with
34:
790:American slave owners
529:"One Mixed Marriage".
434:, p. 120, gives
321:Centennial Exposition
237:Georgetown University
198:Bank of North America
121:Philadelphia merchant
58:Bank of North America
24:
325:Richard W. Meade III
190:Bank of Pennsylvania
54:Bank of Pennsylvania
313:George Gordon Meade
178:American Revolution
42:George Gordon Meade
280:Yazoo land scandal
276:Panic of 1796–1797
233:St. Augustine
137:. They joined the
62:Yazoo land scandal
35:
542:, at 41m45s.
485:, pp. 38–39.
463:, pp. 35–38.
404:, pp. 31–32.
192:to help fund the
165:he served on the
151:Thomas Fitzsimons
143:Stamp Act of 1765
93:British Caribbean
75:and founding the
46:Thomas Fitzsimons
797:
737:
736:
735:
725:
724:
713:
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704:
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457:
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398:
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370:
363:
284:Richard W. Meade
194:Continental Army
116:
115:
111:
108:
66:Richard W. Meade
32:
805:
804:
800:
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731:
719:
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169:as well as the
123:
113:
109:
106:
104:
97:St. Joseph
89:County Limerick
85:
27:Thomas Lawrence
17:
12:
11:
5:
803:
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793:
792:
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777:
772:
767:
762:
757:
747:
746:
742:
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729:
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696:
695:
686:
670:. New Series.
663:
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623:
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593:
582:
562:
560:
557:
554:
553:
544:
531:
522:
513:
511:, p. 120.
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393:
371:
357:
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354:
351:
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341:
338:
304:
301:
291:
288:
245:African Church
221:Common Council
182:Chester County
147:Townshend Acts
122:
119:
101:St. Croix
84:
81:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
802:
791:
788:
786:
783:
781:
778:
776:
773:
771:
768:
766:
763:
761:
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739:United States
730:
728:
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706:
702:
692:
687:
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677:
673:
669:
664:
659:
654:
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637:
633:
629:
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615:
611:
607:
604:(2): 94–103.
603:
599:
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583:
576:September 17,
571:
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541:
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510:
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501:
497:
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478:
475:
469:
466:
462:
456:
453:
447:
445:
441:
435:
433:
429:
423:
420:
417:, p. 33.
416:
410:
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272:
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269:Benjamin Rush
266:
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28:
23:
19:
780:Meade family
690:
671:
667:
648:
644:
627:
618:
601:
597:
587:
574:. Retrieved
568:
559:Bibliography
547:
539:
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508:
503:
495:
490:
482:
477:
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396:
366:
361:
331:
329:
306:
293:
273:
226:
210:
206:
175:
163:independence
159:Pennsylvania
141:against the
124:
86:
70:
38:George Meade
37:
36:
25:Portrait by
18:
760:1808 deaths
755:1741 births
727:Catholicism
651:: 193–220.
184:during the
176:During the
749:Categories
507:Campbell,
346:John Leamy
213:Federalist
202:Martinique
83:Early life
715:Biography
538:Atzbach,
309:Civil War
681:44374497
658:44208740
610:44210305
438:Barclay.
340:See also
311:general
296:Anglican
255:and the
701:Portals
509:History
494:Stowe,
481:Stowe,
459:Stowe,
432:History
426:Stowe,
413:Stowe,
400:Stowe,
365:Stowe,
319:at the
112:⁄
678:
655:
608:
436:George
303:Legacy
241:slaves
135:slaves
676:JSTOR
653:JSTOR
606:JSTOR
353:Notes
131:sugar
578:2018
133:and
56:and
33:1790
632:doi
127:rum
751::
647:.
630:.
602:64
600:.
443:^
374:^
323:.
271:.
211:A
173:.
129:,
105:11
68:.
31:c.
29:,
703::
684:.
672:1
661:.
649:3
638:.
634::
612:.
580:.
114:2
110:1
107:+
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