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George Weil

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901: 30: 877: 889: 865: 322:—a skepticism that eventually included all of nuclear energy. George, the physicist who operated the control rod during the first chain reaction of December 2, 1942, became the first articulate opponent of nuclear energy. 373:
and heart problems. He died at the Georgetown House retirement home in Washington, DC, on July 1, 1995. His wife Vinette died in 1978. He was survived by his son, Stephen, and sister, Helen Weil Benjamin (1905-1996).
310:(AEC), where he became the assistant director of the Reactor Development Division. He argued for a more cautious approach to reactor development and was critical of the early design work on high flux reactors. 346:
and BEPO reactors. The Zinn-Weil-Wende report came as a shock to the AEC Commissioners, as it indicated that the British were far more technologically advanced than they had thought.
366:, in 1971, in which he attacked the nuclear energy industry for its reliance on subsidies, its technological and economic inefficiency, ineptitude and its dangers. 208:, from which he graduated in 1939 and then Columbia University, where he earned his master's degree, and later his doctorate, writing his 1942 doctoral thesis on 233: 282:. Fermi shut it down 28 minutes later, by having the control rods re-inserted. Weil continued to work in reactor development and in April 1945, went to the 354:
Weil left the AEC in 1952, to become an independent consultant, working for various businesses, government bodies and non-profit organisations such as the
936: 797: 931: 455: 307: 134: 900: 339: 951: 736: 956: 844: 810: 768: 946: 805:. A History of the United States Atomic Energy Commission. University Park, Pennsylvania: Pennsylvania State University Press. 703: 855: 893: 881: 578: 255:'s group was responsible for its design. In September 1942, the Metallurgical Laboratory became part of the Army 291: 244: 122: 941: 279: 181: 677: 283: 248: 126: 926: 921: 518: 355: 335: 287: 275: 727: 574: 486: 118: 91: 29: 793: 755: 751: 460: 270:
CP-1 was ready on December 2, 1942; Weil worked the final control rod, while Fermi monitored the
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on September 18, 1907, the son of Leon and Elsie Rose Weil. His great-grandfather was
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Weil, G. L. (September 1942). "Beta-Ray Spectra of Arsenic, Rubidium, and Krypton".
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Weil's lack of enthusiasm I think may have reflected his general skepticism towards
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conference in Geneva, on the peaceful use of atomic energy. He published a book,
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assumed responsibility for this project, which was placed under the direction of
358:. In 1955, he was the technical director of the United States delegation to the 327: 264: 170: 778: 243:
In early 1942, Compton concentrated the teams he was responsible for, at the
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Allardice, Corbin; Trapnel, Edward R. (December 1982). "The First Pile".
290:. In October 1945, he was appointed the American representative at the 271: 370: 141: 837:
The First Nuclear Era: The Life and Times of a Technological Fixer
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and Charles Wende, that went to Britain as part of the so-called
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In 1948, Weil was part of an AEC delegation, which also included
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at 15:36, initiating the first man-made, self-sustaining
763:. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. 338:, between Britain and the United States. They visited 853: 259:. Construction of the reactor, which became known as 165:(September 18, 1907 – July 1, 1995) was an American 483:"Beta-Ray Spectra of Arsenic, Rubidium and Krypton" 140: 114: 104: 83: 75: 57: 36: 20: 147:Beta-Ray Spectra of Arsenic, Rubidium and Krypton 210:Beta-Ray Spectra of Arsenic, Rubidium and Krypton 180:, initiating the first man-made, self-sustaining 662:Information, Reed Business (November 30, 1972). 601: 546: 449: 447: 445: 443: 441: 439: 437: 435: 224:At Columbia University, Weil became involved in 200:(1822–1855), founder of H. Lehman, which became 558: 316: 649: 625: 613: 234:Office of Scientific Research and Development 8: 569: 567: 204:. He had an older sister, Helen. He entered 517:(5–6). American Physical Society: 229–237. 664:"George Weil – from Activator to Activist" 28: 17: 637: 860: 704:"Helen W. Benjamin, Philanthropist, 91" 382: 212:. It was subsequently published in the 685: 675: 412: 410: 408: 334:that had replaced the wartime nuclear 306:on reactor design. He then joined the 169:. On December 2, 1942, he removed the 7: 369:In later life, Weil suffered from 364:Nuclear Energy: Promises, Promises 14: 937:20th-century American physicists 899: 887: 875: 863: 454:Saxon, Wolfgang (July 6, 1995). 575:"This Month in Physics History" 302:After the war, Weil worked for 1: 932:Scientists from New York City 754:; Anderson, Oscar E. (1962). 192:George Leon Weil was born in 628:, pp. 119–120, 204–205. 602:Allardice & Trapnel 1982 547:Allardice & Trapnel 1982 559:Hewlett & Anderson 1962 973: 952:Columbia University alumni 796:; Duncan, Francis (1969). 650:Hewlett & Duncan 1969 626:Hewlett & Duncan 1969 614:Hewlett & Duncan 1969 579:American Physical Society 286:, where he worked on the 156: 97: 27: 957:Manhattan Project people 835:Weinberg, Alvin (1994). 799:Atomic Shield, 1947–1952 757:The New World, 1939–1946 308:Atomic Energy Commission 298:Atomic Energy Commission 292:Chalk River Laboratories 245:Metallurgical Laboratory 232:. In December 1941, the 135:Atomic Energy Commission 123:Metallurgical Laboratory 839:. New York: AIP Press. 947:Harvard College alumni 531:10.1103/PhysRev.62.229 324: 280:nuclear chain reaction 228:'s efforts to build a 182:nuclear chain reaction 284:Los Alamos Laboratory 249:University of Chicago 127:Los Alamos Laboratory 737:Department of Energy 356:Friends of the Earth 336:Special Relationship 288:Trinity nuclear test 794:Hewlett, Richard G. 752:Hewlett, Richard G. 712:. January 11, 1996. 652:, pp. 285–287. 616:, pp. 117–118. 523:1942PhRv...62..229W 487:Columbia University 314:later opined that: 274:activity. The pile 216:in September 1942. 119:Columbia University 92:Columbia University 894:Nuclear technology 882:History of Science 688:has generic name ( 461:The New York Times 418:"George Leon Weil" 47:September 18, 1907 729:The First Reactor 561:, pp. 55–56. 257:Manhattan Project 220:Manhattan Project 160: 159: 99:Scientific career 964: 904: 903: 892: 891: 890: 880: 879: 878: 868: 867: 866: 859: 850: 831: 829: 827: 804: 789: 787: 785: 762: 747: 745: 743: 734: 714: 713: 700: 694: 693: 687: 683: 681: 673: 659: 653: 647: 641: 635: 629: 623: 617: 611: 605: 599: 590: 589: 587: 585: 571: 562: 556: 550: 549:, pp. 7–10. 544: 535: 534: 504: 498: 497: 495: 493: 479: 473: 472: 470: 468: 451: 430: 429: 427: 425: 414: 403: 402: 400: 398: 393:. Mooseroots.com 387: 320:breeder reactors 304:General Electric 163:George Leon Weil 152: 131:General Electric 64: 46: 44: 32: 22:George Leon Weil 18: 972: 971: 967: 966: 965: 963: 962: 961: 912: 911: 910: 898: 888: 886: 876: 874: 864: 862: 854: 847: 834: 825: 823: 813: 802: 792: 783: 781: 771: 760: 750: 741: 739: 732: 725: 722: 717: 702: 701: 697: 684: 674: 661: 660: 656: 648: 644: 636: 632: 624: 620: 612: 608: 600: 593: 583: 581: 573: 572: 565: 557: 553: 545: 538: 510:Physical Review 506: 505: 501: 491: 489: 481: 480: 476: 466: 464: 453: 452: 433: 423: 421: 416: 415: 406: 396: 394: 389: 388: 384: 380: 352: 300: 230:nuclear reactor 222: 214:Physical Review 206:Harvard College 202:Lehman Brothers 190: 178:nuclear reactor 150: 133: 129: 125: 121: 90: 88:Harvard College 84:Alma mater 71: 66: 62: 53: 48: 42: 40: 23: 12: 11: 5: 970: 968: 960: 959: 954: 949: 944: 939: 934: 929: 924: 914: 913: 909: 908: 896: 884: 872: 852: 851: 845: 832: 811: 790: 769: 748: 721: 718: 716: 715: 709:New York Times 695: 654: 642: 640:, p. 122. 630: 618: 606: 591: 563: 551: 536: 499: 474: 431: 404: 381: 379: 376: 360:United Nations 351: 348: 312:Alvin Weinberg 299: 296: 261:Chicago Pile-1 238:Arthur Compton 221: 218: 189: 186: 175:Chicago Pile-1 158: 157: 154: 153: 144: 138: 137: 116: 112: 111: 106: 102: 101: 95: 94: 85: 81: 80: 77: 73: 72: 69:Washington, DC 67: 65:(aged 87) 59: 55: 54: 49: 38: 34: 33: 25: 24: 21: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 969: 958: 955: 953: 950: 948: 945: 943: 942:Lehman family 940: 938: 935: 933: 930: 928: 925: 923: 920: 919: 917: 907: 902: 897: 895: 885: 883: 873: 871: 861: 857: 848: 846:1-56396-358-2 842: 838: 833: 822: 818: 814: 812:0-520-07187-5 808: 801: 800: 795: 791: 780: 776: 772: 770:0-520-07186-7 766: 759: 758: 753: 749: 738: 731: 730: 724: 723: 719: 711: 710: 705: 699: 696: 691: 686:|first1= 679: 671: 670: 669:New Scientist 665: 658: 655: 651: 646: 643: 639: 638:Weinberg 1994 634: 631: 627: 622: 619: 615: 610: 607: 603: 598: 596: 592: 580: 576: 570: 568: 564: 560: 555: 552: 548: 543: 541: 537: 532: 528: 524: 520: 516: 512: 511: 503: 500: 488: 484: 478: 475: 463: 462: 457: 450: 448: 446: 444: 442: 440: 438: 436: 432: 419: 413: 411: 409: 405: 392: 386: 383: 377: 375: 372: 367: 365: 361: 357: 349: 347: 345: 341: 337: 333: 329: 323: 321: 315: 313: 309: 305: 297: 295: 293: 289: 285: 281: 277: 276:went critical 273: 268: 266: 262: 258: 254: 253:Eugene Wigner 250: 246: 241: 239: 235: 231: 227: 219: 217: 215: 211: 207: 203: 199: 195: 194:New York City 187: 185: 183: 179: 176: 172: 168: 164: 155: 148: 145: 143: 139: 136: 132: 128: 124: 120: 117: 113: 110: 107: 103: 100: 96: 93: 89: 86: 82: 78: 74: 70: 60: 56: 52: 51:New York City 39: 35: 31: 26: 19: 16: 836: 824:. Retrieved 798: 782:. Retrieved 756: 740:. Retrieved 728: 707: 698: 678:cite journal 667: 657: 645: 633: 621: 609: 604:, p. 1. 582:. Retrieved 554: 514: 508: 502: 490:. Retrieved 477: 465:. Retrieved 459: 422:. Retrieved 395:. Retrieved 385: 368: 363: 353: 342:and saw the 332:modus vivedi 331: 325: 317: 301: 269: 242: 226:Enrico Fermi 223: 209: 198:Henry Lehman 191: 162: 161: 146: 115:Institutions 98: 63:(1995-07-01) 61:July 1, 1995 15: 927:1995 deaths 922:1907 births 328:Walter Zinn 294:in Canada. 265:Stagg Field 171:control rod 76:Nationality 916:Categories 720:References 672:: 520–521. 420:. Geni.com 350:Later life 188:Early life 43:1907-09-18 870:Biography 784:March 26, 779:637004643 173:from the 167:physicist 109:Physicist 826:March 7, 742:March 8, 584:March 8, 492:March 8, 467:March 8, 424:March 8, 397:March 8, 79:American 906:Physics 856:Portals 821:3717478 519:Bibcode 371:strokes 340:Harwell 272:neutron 247:at the 843:  819:  809:  777:  767:  151:(1942) 149:  142:Thesis 105:Fields 803:(PDF) 761:(PDF) 733:(PDF) 378:Notes 344:GLEEP 841:ISBN 828:2015 817:OCLC 807:ISBN 786:2013 775:OCLC 765:ISBN 744:2015 690:help 586:2015 494:2015 469:2015 426:2015 399:2015 58:Died 37:Born 527:doi 918:: 815:. 773:. 735:. 706:. 682:: 680:}} 676:{{ 666:. 594:^ 577:. 566:^ 539:^ 525:. 515:62 513:. 485:. 458:. 434:^ 407:^ 267:. 240:. 184:. 858:: 849:. 830:. 788:. 746:. 692:) 588:. 533:. 529:: 521:: 496:. 471:. 428:. 401:. 45:) 41:(

Index


New York City
Washington, DC
Harvard College
Columbia University
Physicist
Columbia University
Metallurgical Laboratory
Los Alamos Laboratory
General Electric
Atomic Energy Commission
Thesis
physicist
control rod
Chicago Pile-1
nuclear reactor
nuclear chain reaction
New York City
Henry Lehman
Lehman Brothers
Harvard College
Physical Review
Enrico Fermi
nuclear reactor
Office of Scientific Research and Development
Arthur Compton
Metallurgical Laboratory
University of Chicago
Eugene Wigner
Manhattan Project

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