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1043:. Compiled in the Office of the Adjutant General of the Army. "Distinguished Service Medal: Auguste Edouard Hirschauer". p. 910. Government Printing Office: Washington 1920. The U.S. War Department awarded Major General Hirschauer, French Army, commanding the 2d Army, with the Distinguished Service Medal. "For exceptionally meritorious and distinguished services rendered to the American Expeditionary Forces and to the cause in which the United States has been engaged". Major General Hirschauer's aviation influence derived from his experience and work in these areas: (1) commander of the 25th Engineer Battalion comprising four airships (1904â1906), (2) professorship of military engineering and aviation at the
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281:"There were Americans fighting in the Foreign Legion, but their identity was lost in this body; they were simply units in a tremendous group. Dr. Gros and his associates dreamed of some other form of service in which Americans might participate as Americans, even though the flag of the United States might not officially be carried into the war. The idea was constantly before them, and, when they found that among the Americans already in France and already anxious to help as best they might, were men who had learned the art of flying in this country, the plan for a special American flying corps was conceived and developed."
1374:: position is selected and designated by the Commander in Chief of the Army. Under direction of the Secretary of War, the Director of Military Aeronautics was given charge of the Aviation Section of the Signal Corps of the Army; with duties of operating and maintaining or supervising the operation and maintenance of all military aircraft, including balloons and aeroplanes, all appliances pertaining to said aircraft and signalling apparatus of any kind when installed on said aircraft, and of training officers, enlisted men, and candidates for aviation service in matters pertaining to military aviation. Reference source:
728:"The squadrilla, composed of American volunteers who have come to fight for France in the pure spirit of sacrifice, has fought incessantly under the command of Captain Georges Thenault, who formed it for an ardent flight against our enemies. In very severe combats it has paid for the price of serious losses, which, far from weakening, have increased its morale. The squadrilla has brought down twenty-eight enemy airplanes. It has aroused the profound admiration of commanders who have had it under their orders, and also of French squadrillas which are fighting beside it and have desired to rival it in valor".
261:(3) Mr. Frederick Hobbs Allen (1858â1937): Harvard graduate, 1883 with LLB. and AM.; established law firm Allen & Cammann (1900); member of the American Legion and Sons of the American Revolution; residing in Paris when war erupted and became a member of a committee to assist the American embassy in the emergency, and was a chairman of a subcommittee appointed to repatriate American citizens when his advice was requested. He provided U.S. legal guidance that avoided international technicalities confronting American citizens desiring to fight in a foreign war prior to U.S. entry in April 1917.
1520:. Edited by James Norman Hall. "Captain Georges Thenault". p. 78. Houghton Mifflin Company: Boston MA 1920. Volumes I and II are a rich reference source of details and illustrations, including a well written story of the origin of the Escadrille Americaine and biographical sketches of the Corps and their friends. The author has drawn from earlier articles and books such as James R. McConnell's Flying for France (autumn 1916); Charles J. Biddle's The Way of the Eagle (1919); and from Ruth Dunbar's story Severely Wounded (originally printed in the Century Magazine, February 1919 edition).
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413:. During its tenure, the Lafayette Escadrille had officially confirmed by the military authorities, 199 German aircraft. Of these volunteer pilots, five died of illness; six by accidents in the aviation schools; fifteen were taken prisoners; nineteen were wounded in combat; and, fifty-one were killed over the front lines. The French government recognized the American volunteers for their heroic achievements in the skies over France with the following: four Legions of Honor, seven Medailles Militaires, and thirty-one citations (each with a
572:, air attaché, Italian Embassy); Major Georges Thenault (assistant military attaché for aeronautics, French Embassy). At this particular meeting the method of analyzing aircraft accidents according to immediate causes was explained and the value of a uniform system for reporting accidents was discussed. This significant meeting resulted in the establishment of a procedure for the international exchange of information regarding aircraft accidents. The method of analysis was shortly adopted for use by the
748:"Brilliant unit which has shown itself, during the course of operations in Flanders, worthy of its glorious past. In spite of losses which took away a third of its effectives, in a difficult sector, it has assured a perfect security to our Corps Observation airplanes, a complete service of reconnaissance at both high and low altitude, and the destruction, not only near the front lines but deep in the enemy's territory, of a great number of German airplanes and captive balloons".
935:. When France entered into World War I, Colonel Bouttieaux was a leading military aeronautical subject matter expert for the French Ministry of War. This was the main reason why he was chosen as one of the five key committee members to analyze the requirements of Captain Georges Thenault's idea of a new squadron of flyers comprising his countrymen and of French Foreign Legion volunteers. His knowledge with dirigibles and balloons were developed into his book titled
742:, U.S.A., announced having received (February 1919) a second list of Honors and Awards conferred upon American Aero Squadrons and flying officers of the American Expeditionary Forces. This listing gives citations of five squadrons, including the Lafayette Escadrille, the 17th and 148th which were the British; the 90th and the 99th Squadrons. The citation of the Lafayette Squadron, formerly the Lafayette Escadrille, was signed by General Petain and read as follows:
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531:, U.S. Army Air Service; and, (2) to attend the international air race at Mitchell Field, Long Island, for the Schneider Trophy. Colonel Mitchell invited Captain Fonck on his behalf to reveal the truth about French aviation against the Riffs, and to testify the French Aviation Service had broken down against the Riffs because the fliers were placed under the command of infantry and artillery officers who had no flying experience.
1418:. Edited by James Norman Hall. "Captain Georges Thenault". p. 78. Houghton Mifflin Company: Boston MA 1920. Volumes I and II are a rich reference source of details and illustrations, including a well written story of the origin of the Escadrille Americaine and biographical sketches of the Corps and their friends. The author has drawn from earlier articles and books such as James R. McConnell's
1066:(Oxford University Press: New York, 1937), and Colonel Paul Bouttieaux, who eventually reached the rank of brigadier general before being killed in an automobile accident. Served in the French Aviation Service for thirty years, and made the first experiments with aerial telephotography. Prior to his death held the position of French commanding officer of engineers.
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causes of aircraft accidents into four major classes and for the further subdivision of these major classes as seemed desirable, together with proposed definitions of these classes and subdivisions, was submitted for consideration at the first meeting, and discussed further at additional meetings. The meeting conducted on 22 May 1928 was attended by Wing
Commander
336:, was formed on Wednesday, 15 March 1916, under the command of Captain Georges Thenault. Into this squadron came more American volunteers who were at one time automobile mechanics, ambulance drivers, and members of the French Foreign Legion. They became an elite corps of volunteers administratively assigned to this squadron. Thus, began the association called the
187:) to the parents of Monsieur Paul Louis Thenault and Madame EugĂ©nie Gabrielle Louise Bathilde (Bonneau) Thenault. His parents were married on 1 September 1886 at Ăglise Notre-Dame de Vaux Church, Vaux commune, Vienne, Poitou-Charentes, France. His siblings were Louis Roger Thenault (brother), EdmĂ©e Isabelle Thenault (sister), and Marcel Emile Thenault (brother).
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309:, James McConnell, Clyde Balsley, Chouteau Johnson, Lawrence Rumsey, Paul Rockwell) in Paris, France, where they met to discuss how would one be able to enter the French Aviation Service to fly combat missions against the Germans. They met Monday evening, 17 April 1916, at a Paris restaurant to celebrate the final and definite organization of the
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264:(4) Colonel Thomas Bentley Mott, US, Artillery Corps, American Expeditionary Force (1865â1952): graduate of USMA, 1886; served as the senior U.S. Army military attachĂ© to the American embassy in Paris, France, 1914â1921. His support came from being a U.S. Army liaison officer for General John J. Pershing on the staff of Marshal Ferdinand Foch.
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American citizens, now commissioned or enlisted in the French
Aviation Service, who desired to obtain their release for the purpose of entering the Service of the United States. The Board recommendations were submitted on Saturday, 20 October 1917, to the French authorities (documents were translated to French) for their endorsements.
163:â the famed branch of the French air force in World War I composed of American volunteer pilots. The Lafayette Escadrille was created before the United States gave up its neutrality and joined France and Britain in the war against Germany. Once the United States formally entered the war, the Lafayette Escadrille was absorbed into the
271:(1913), he was influential within the French Army staff as Aviation Chief of the French 1st Army (commanded by General Auguste Dubail), reporting directly to the Chief of Staff â General Marie-Georges Demange concerning balloons, airships, and aircraft. In this capacity he commanded six aviation squadrons (1914â1918).
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losses, which, far from weakening, have increased its morale. The squadrilla has brought down twenty-eight enemy aeroplanes. It has aroused the profound admiration of commanders who have had it under their orders, and also of French squadrillas which are fighting beside it and have desired to rival it in valor.
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the
British Distinguished Service Medal, and was an officer of the Legion of Honor. His victories in the air: 75 official and 40 unofficial victories to his credit. He survived four years of intense warfare without receiving so much as a scratch, winning for him the title "Ace of All Aces", allied and enemy.
1055:(officially accepted on 29 November 1911), (3) as permanent chief inspector of military aviation (1912), (4) at the outbreak of war commanded a brigade of balloonists with the 5th and 8th engineering regiments of Versailles (1914â1915), and thus became recognized by the French military staff as one of the
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de Meux (Clesse, Deux SĂšvres, France), Sous-Lieutenant Norman Prince (Boston, Massachusetts, US), Sergeant James R. McConnell (Carthage, North
Carolina, US), Sergeant Kiffin Yates Rockwell (Asheville, North Carolina, US), Captain Georges Thenault (Paris, France), and Fram â Captain Thenault's "bon chien"
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Upon the conclusion of World War I, upon
Lieutenant Rene Fonck, French Aviation Service, had fallen the palms of supreme victory in the air. This much decorated young officer was awarded the Croix de Guerrre with 19 palms, the Medaille Militaire, the order of the Belgian Crowns, the Order of Leopold,
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and the cease-fire that went into effect on
Tuesday, 25 June 1940, Georges Thenault had plans in place to remove his American wife, the two children, and mother-in-law Katherine "Danny" Spencer out of Europe. In mid-July 1940, using their U.S. passports as identification, Danny and Sarah with the two
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Between 20 October 1917 to early
February 1918, the process of releasing the American volunteers from the Lafayette Escadrille so that they could become commissioned pilots of the United States Army Air Service was slow. This was mainly due to the required bureaucratic civil and military endorsements
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established on 1 March 1928, a special committee on the nomenclature, subdivision, and classification of aircraft accidents, for the purpose of preparing a basis for the classification and comparison of aircraft accidents, both civil and military. A plan was devised for the division of the immediate
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In this assignment
Commandant Thenault sought to strengthen bonds of friendship between the United States and France by traveling through a number of cities visiting aircraft factories, conferring with aeronautical experts, and inspecting Army air stations in order to keep his government informed of
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Colonel Victor Paul
Bouttieaux: prior to the commencement of World War I, he was actively involved with the development and advances in heavier-than-air aeroplane technology and lighter-than-air airships, and was responsible for identifying such technological advancements to the Ministry of War for
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COL. THENAULT IS BURIED. Rites for French Air Hero Held at
Lafayette Escadrille Park. Special to The New York Times. PARIS, Dec. 30 â In the presence of many French and American aviation enthusiasts including fliers of both World Wars, Col. Georges Thenault, French pilot who commanded the Lafayette
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Lafayette Escadrille pilots with Fram and a Nieuport 16, March 1916. Pilots L-R: Sergeant Victor Chapman (New York City, US), Sergeant Elliot Christopher Cowdin (New York City, US), Adjutant Bert Hall (Missouri, US), Lieutenant William Thaw (Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, US), Lieutenant Alfred de Laage
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The squadrilla, composed of American volunteers who have come to fight for France in the pure spirit of sacrifice, has fought incessantly under the command of Captain Georges Thenault, who formed it for an ardent fight against our enemies. In very severe combats it has paid the price of serious
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On Monday, 1 October 1917, in compliance with Special Order No. 113, para 3, Headquarters A.E.F., a special Board comprising four A.E.F. officers was ordered to convene at the Aviation Headquarters, Paris, to examine American citizens in the French Aviation Service; purpose: to examine certain
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As a political analyst and supporter for the current French government, Messr. Maximilien Jarousse de Sillac envisioned that there might be great advantages in this creation of an American squadron. In a personal letter to his friend Colonel Bouttieaux (written early February 1915), he stated:
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journal, the War Department Director of Military Aeronautics Brigadier General William L. Kenly, U.S.A., was advised (February 1919) by cable from General Pershing, that the 103d Aero Squadron, formerly the Lafayette Escadrille, was one of the two organizations of the A.E.F. entitled to wear
255:(1) French Foreign Affairs Ministry Official Messr. Maximilien Jarousse de Sillac (1873â1934): career diplomat and conservative French supporter for world peace; assigned as the French Preparatory Commission secretary for the Third Hague Conference that never took place due to the World War
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After the beginning of the American Ambulance Hospital in Paris, early in the winter of 1914, more and more automobiles were given by Americans, and these cars and their drivers â usually American volunteers â became the nucleus of the Paris branch of the American Ambulance Service. Also,
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in a squadron of flyers. Support soon came about from civilian and military representatives of France and the United States. These representatives added expertise and government networking resolving over time the method of recruiting and financing, and successfully encountering the French
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A number of U.S. Army Air Service and French Aviation Service aviators who won their spurs during the World War periodically made visits to the French embassy, attending conferences, luncheons and dinner engagements in Washington DC. One of the well-known visitors at the time was Captain
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Spring 1916 adjacent to a Nieuport 16: Captain Georges Thenault with squadron pilots, L-R: Sergeant Elliot Christopher Cowdin (New York City, US), Lieutenant Alfred de Laage de Meux (Deux SĂšvres, France), Captain Georges Thenault (Paris, France), Lieutenant William Thaw (Pennsylvania,
258:(2) Dr. Edmund L. Gros, M.D. (1869â1942): Chief Surgeon & Director of the American Ambulance Corps headquartered in the American hospital at Neuilly-sur-Seine, western suburb of Paris, France; resident of 23 Ave. du Bois de Boulogne, Paris, France (5 January 1911 â September 1940).
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Escadrille in the first World War, was buried with military rites today. The burial was in the crypt of the Lafayette Escadrille Memorial in the park of Ville-neuve L'etang, between the suburbs of Garches and Marne la Coquette. The memorial, endowed by the generosity of the late
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While on a hunting trip outside Paris, Thenault suffered a heart attack. He died in Paris, France, on Sunday, 19 December 1948. He was buried on Thursday, 30 December 1948, with all military rites in the presence of many French and American representatives in the crypt of the
457:). Between 1919 and 1921, Thenault purposely wrote this book to place on record the exploits and sacrifices of those daring American volunteers who served under his command and who gave so noble a response to the "deed of LaFayette" whom they chose as their namesake.
673:, Secretary of State for Air; Col. Francis Valentine, air attaché of the American Embassy; Vice Marshal Robert Allingham George, air attaché of the British Embassy; representatives of the American Aero Club of France and delegates of veterans' organizations.
1266:, Sailing from Lisbon, Portugal, 25 July 1940, Arriving at Port of New York, 2 August 1940. Names: Katherine Spencer, Sarah Thenault, Georges Thenault, Catherine Thenault (27-30, respectively). Address in the United States: Harwich Port, Massachusetts
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Attached to this letter was a memo containing the names of the six Americans (William Thaw, Bert Hall, James Bach, Norman Prince, Frazier Curtis, Elliott C. Cowdin). A short reply by letter from Colonel Bouttieaux (dated: 24 February 1915) provided:
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Promoted to lieutenant colonel in 1933 following successful completion of duties as military attaché for aeronautics at the French embassy in Washington DC, he returned to France and continued his military services with the French Air Army.
1131:. Told By Its Commander Captain Georges Thenault. Translated by Walter Duranty. With an introduction by Andre Tardieu High Commissioner of Franco-American Affairs. Copyright 1921 by Small, Maynard & Company, Inc.: Boston, Massachusetts.
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Promoted to commandant in 1923, Thenault completed his six-year tour as military attaché in spring 1928, went to France and later returned to the United States reporting to the French embassy in Washington DC, Friday, 27 July 1928, as
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The American Friends of Lafayette. A Message from the President of The American Friends of Lafayette. Robert Rhodes Crout, President. 77th Annual Meeting of the American Friends of Lafayette, Newport, Rhode Island â June 11â13,
1003:. "Air Pioneer Dies". 25 December 1938. p. 2, column 7. "Air Pioneer Dies. Paris, Dec. 24 â (UP) â Gen. Philippe Fequant, 55, former chief of staff of the air force and a pioneer in French aviation, died today of heart disease".
987:. Passenger and Crew Lists of Vessels Arriving at New York, New York, 1897â1957; National Archives Microfilm Publication Serial T715; Microfilm roll: T715_3146. p. 3, no. 27, and p. 4, no. 27. Family names were obtained from
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Then in the fall of 1925, the engagement of Ms. Sarah Spencer to Commandant Georges Thenault was announced in Washington DC society circles. She was the daughter of Oliver Martin Spencer of Chicago (general solicitor of the
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Congressional Medal of Honor, The Distinguished Service Cross, and The Distinguished Service Medal Issued By the War Department Since April 6, 1917, Up to and Including General Orders, No. 126, War Department, November 11,
907:"I think that your candidates will be welcomed. They should contract an engagement in the French Army for the duration of the war, and should fly only the aeroplanes customarily used in the French Aviation Service"
1211:. "Mitchell Calls Foreign Airmen. Court Martial Takes on International Flavor With Defense Planning Support of Charges With Testimony From British and French Aviators". Thursday, 5 November 1925. p. 9, column 1.
705:, Tuesday, 12 January 2010, the son of Lieutenant Colonel Georges and Sarah (Spencer) Thenault, Georges "Tom" Spencer Thenault, of Harwich Port and Yarmouth Port died at his home on Saturday, 9 January 2010.
379:, Commander-in-Chief of the French forces, commended the Lafayette squadron, composed of American airmen, for its courage, spirit and sacrifice. In the French general orders of 31 Aug 1917, the Marshal said:
1062:, Mr. Frederick Hobbs Allen (30 May 1862, Honolulu, Hawaiian Territory â died), Colonel Thomas Bentley Mott, USA, AEF, USMA-Class of 1886, whose book provided some details in assisting the aviation efforts
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Nordhoff, Charles Bernard. The Lafayette Flying Corps in Two Volumes, Volume I. Edited by James Norman Hall. "The Escadrille Lafayette at the Front". Chapter II, p. 17. Houghton Mifflin Company: Boston MA
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Of significant importance is the fact that the son of Colonel Georges & Sarah (Spencer) Thenault, PFC Georges Spencer Thenault, USA, married Ms. Beatrice Ashmead MacArthur on Saturday, 14 May 1955, in
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290:(16 June 1857, Saint-Avold, Moselle, Lorraine region of France â 27 December 1943, Versailles, Yvelines, region Ile-de-France) â Chief of French Military Aeronautics for the Ministry of War (1914â1915).
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Squadron insignia: native American Indian with full war bonnet; squadron aircraft Captain Thenault flew: Nieuport and Spad. By the middle of the summer of 1917, the squadron was complete with Spads
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List or Manifest of Alien Passengers for the United States Immigration Officer Port of Arrival: S.S. France, Passengers Sailing from Havre, 15 July 1922. Arrival at Port of New York, 22 July 1922
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List or Manifest of Alien Passengers for the United States Immigration Officer Port of Arrival: S.S. France, Passengers Sailing from Havre, 15 July 1922. Arrival at Port of New York, 22 July 1922
1156:. Passenger and Crew Lists of Vessels Arriving at New York, New York, 1897â1957; National Archives Microfilm Publication Serial T715; Microfilm roll: T715_3146. p. 3, no. 27, and p. 4, no. 27.
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Fourragers awarded by the French government. This organization was awarded the Fourragers in the colors of the Croix de Guerre, having received two citations of the French Orders of the Army.
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669:, serves also as the tomb for pilots who were with the squadron and as a monument on which has been inscribed the names of all the American volunteers. Present at the ceremonies today were
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They became the first group to enter the French Aviation Service under the guidance of a distinguished French pilot, Captain Georges Thenault. The Escadrille N.124, first called the
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1378:. "Report of the Director of Military Aeronautics â War Department, Office of the Director of Military Aeronautics (3 November 1918)". vol 8, no. 14. 9 December 1918. pp. 720â722.
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at the French Embassy in Washington DC (1922â1933). Thenault's travel to the United States began under a French diplomatic passport to the French embassy in Washington DC aboard
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Lieutenant Colonel Thenault with his family (wife Sarah, children Catherine and Georges) were residing in France when World War II erupted. Their residence was 56 Rue TahĂšre
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History of the American Field Service in France: Friends of France, 1914â1917, Told By Its Members With Illustrations. Houghton Mifflin Company: Boston and New York: 1920
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Georges Spencer Thenault: born (City of Washington, District of Columbia, 28 May 1938); sister Catherine Bathilde Thenault: born (Hyannis, Massachusetts, 22 July 1928).
902:, had come to fight for France and civilization. The resulting sentiment of enthusiasm could have but one effect: to turn the Americans in the direction of the Allies".
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On Monday, 18 February 1918, under the provisions of a curious and interesting agreement between the French and American armies, the Lafayette Escadrille became the
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This team of five experts identified the many issues involved and the obstacles that had to be overcome, and helped the first American volunteers to develop a plan:
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686:, France. His wife was the former Ms. Sarah Spencer, and from this union two children were raised: Georges "Tom" Spencer Thenault and Catherine Bathilde Thenault.
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infested waters of the North Atlantic, to arrive at the Port of New York, Friday, 2 August 1940. With Katherine, Sarah and the two children eventually arrived at
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Captain Thenault's book gained widespread American public recognition. In May 1922, he accepted an assignment that began an eleven-year diplomatic service in the
1534:(Translated by Walter Duranty, with An Introduction By Andre Tardieu â High Commissioner of Franco-American Affairs). Boston: Small, Maynard & Company, 1921.
1144:(Translated by Walter Duranty, with An Introduction By Andre Tardieu â High Commissioner of Franco-American Affairs). Boston: Small, Maynard & Company, 1921.
1030:. Editor: Albert Shaw. Vol LVI. JulyâDecember 1917. The Review of Reviews Company: New York. "Leading Articles of the Month. The Lafayette Flying Corps". p. 192.
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943:(1909, Paris, France). His accidental death while on active duty came too early in life; a great loss for French aeronautics funding, research, and development.
639:) involved with personal business while his wife Sarah resided at Harwich Port, Massachusetts, with their two children: Georges Spencer and Catherine Bathilde.
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Standing 5-ft, 8-in, he was a giant in the eyes of his fellow Frenchmen and a respected leader amongst the American volunteer pilots. Identified as N.124, the
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Captain Georges Thenault, French Aviation Service; assignment as Assistant Military Attache for Aeronautics at the French embassy, Washington DC, 27 July 1922
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1362:. 30 August 1917. "Aerial Operations on the War Fronts. Western Front. Lafayette Squadron Mentioned in French Army Orders". vol. 1, no. 8, p. 248.
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1527:. Vol LVI. JulyâDecember 1917. The Review of Reviews Company: New York. "Leading Articles of the Month. The Lafayette Flying Corps". p. 192.
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527:, on Tuesday, 6 October 1925. Captain Fonck was in Washington DC for two reasons: (1) upon the invitation from the defense attorney for Colonel
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1278:. "Col. Thenault Is Buried. Rites for French Air Hero Held at Lafayette Escadrille Park". Special to The New York Times. Paris, 30 Dec. .
568:(air attaché, British Embassy); Lieutenant Yoshitake Miwa (Imperial Japanese Navy, assistant naval attaché, Japanese Embassy); Commander
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1513:. Editor: James Norman Hall. "The Escadrille Lafayette at the Front". Chapter II, p. 17. Houghton Mifflin Company: Boston MA 1920.
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1390:. "Naval and Military Aeronautics. Air Service Citations Number Three Hundred Seventy-Four". vol 8, no. 24. 24 February 1919, p. 1175.
1189:. List No. 6, p. 21. S.S. Olympic, Passengers Sailing From Cherbourg, 30 September 1925. Arriving at Port of New York, 6 October 1925.
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Escadrille C.42, détachement de l'armée de Lorraine (D.A.L.), as commanding officer; Lafayette Escadrille N.124, as commanding officer
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909:. Thus, history should take note that credit goes to M. Jarousse de Sillac for identifying a name for this "all American squadron" â
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The Lafayette Escadrille was from the beginning a chasse, or pursuit, squadron. Originally provided with the thirteen (square)-meter
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General Auguste-Edouard Hirschauer, Chief of French Military Aeronautics, contemplating changes to the French Aviation Service, 1917
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The Lafayette Escadrille was mentioned in the French Army Orders of 23 August 1917 for its gallantry and spirit of sacrifice. This
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Crypt of the Lafayette Escadrille Memorial in the park of Ville-neuve L'etang, between the suburbs of Garches and Marne la Coquette
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He was the only member of the original squadron of volunteers who served with it throughout the entire period of its existence.
449:(ALA) â literally Air Army, and found time to compile his personal diary notes into a historical work pertaining to the famous
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267:(5) Brigadier General Victor Paul Bouttieaux, French Army (1858â1918): A recipient of the highest honor bestowed by France â
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Adjudant Norman Prince, originator of the idea to create an all American squadron in France â the Lafayette Escadrille N.124
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Captain Georges Thenault, French Aviation Service, preparing for "tour of USA"; next to DH-4 U.S. Army Air Service aircraft
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1177:. "Four Brides Have Autumn Weddings. Chicago Girl Is Engaged to Former Commander of the Lafayette Escadrille". Fall 1925.
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Commandant Georges Thenault and Captain Rene Fonck at front entrance to French embassy, Washington DC, 29 October 1925.
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917:. Chapter 1: "The Genesis of the Lafayette Escadrille", pp. 18â19. University of Georgia Press: Athens, Georgia, 2008.
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departing from Port of Le Havre, Saturday, 15 July 1922, and arriving Port of New York, Saturday, 22 July 1922.
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1961:
1934:
1638:
613:
children were able to travel through Spain via train to reach the Port of Lisbon, Portugal, where they boarded
528:
420:
316:
2356:
620:
on Thursday, 25 July. Crossing at high speed over the steamship was able to successfully transit through the
3611:
3603:
3545:
3305:
3000:
2763:
2675:
2590:
2585:
2557:
2517:
2376:
2361:
2336:
2217:
2094:
1223:. Washington, D.C., 20 November 1928. Part II: General Activities. Method of Analysis of Aircraft Accidents.
928:
884:
666:
512:
220:
3378:
3102:
3037:
2893:
2620:
2547:
2497:
2482:
2464:
2437:
2351:
2318:
1983:
1944:
1924:
1735:
1628:
395:
341:
2911:
822:
3368:
3022:
2687:
2650:
2580:
2527:
2449:
2417:
2391:
2341:
2272:
2174:
2127:
1973:
1911:
1780:
1663:
577:
556:
523:, French Aviation Service. He arrived in the United States at the Port of New York aboard the steamship
498:
Mlle. Paule Dumont and Captain Georges Thenault, at the French embassy, Washington DC, 12 September 1922
247:
2313:
1562:
The Lafayette Escadrille: Their Role in the Great War 1916â1918. © 2005â2006 The New England Air Museum
491:
Colonel George A. L. Dumont, French Air Army. The wedding was to have taken place in the fall of 1922.
246:
for conceiving in November 1914 the idea of bringing together his countrymen with some of those of the
3754:
3749:
3718:
3633:
2287:
2262:
2237:
1594:
1291:
778:
Ecole militaire d'Avord, 12 January to 23 March 1915. Lieutenant Thenault trained in the Nieuport 12.
160:
3700:
3653:
2839:
2703:
2655:
2532:
2492:
2487:
2432:
2115:
2109:
2010:
683:
208:
176:
55:
251:
officialdom. Five influential men instrumental in providing this organizational support included:
3660:
3575:
2934:
2798:
2780:
2745:
2709:
2542:
2507:
2459:
2444:
2331:
2282:
2121:
2080:
1760:
1321:
653:
402:
1059:. Also, in receipt of the DSM were: Messr. Maximilien Jarousse de Sillac, Dr. Edmund Louis Gros
719:
376:
790:
Escadrille C.42, détachement de l'armée de Lorraine (D.A.L.), commanding officer, 31 July 1915.
3693:
3687:
3648:
3550:
3383:
2966:
2821:
2804:
2605:
2427:
2407:
2242:
2227:
2157:
2145:
2005:
1846:
1823:
1770:
1545:
1444:
37:
Captain Georges Thenault, French Aviation Service, at Langley Field, Virginia, 4 October 1922
2751:
2721:
2715:
2625:
2454:
2422:
2412:
2151:
2075:
2070:
1998:
1818:
1718:
931:) in order to observe and report on the new biplane with hood for military use built by Mr.
739:
702:
508:
481:
216:
1550:
1047:(1907â1912) where his influence helped change the terminology designating heavier-than-air
898:"The United States would be proud of the fact that certain of her young men, acting as did
3560:
3400:
2739:
2292:
2267:
1966:
1874:
1713:
1551:
Lafayette Escadrille Memorial and Burial Crypt, Parc de Villeneuve-l'Etang Garches, France
1334:
827:
414:
306:
155:
1165:
Iowa City Press-Citizen. "Flyer to Wed". Wednesday, 4 October 1922, front page, column 7.
927:
the French Aviation Service. For example, on 28 December 1910, he visited Chalons Camp (
3393:
3373:
3044:
2757:
2595:
2386:
2277:
2133:
2037:
2020:
864:
569:
302:
1572:
A Multimedia History of World War One: Prose & Poetry â Literary Ambulance Drivers
1532:
The Story of the LaFayette Escadrille â Told By its Commander Captain Georges Thenault
1402:. "Naval and Military Aeronautics. Fourragers". vol 8, no. 25. 3 March 1919, p. 1266.
1142:
The Story of the LaFayette Escadrille â Told By its Commander Captain Georges Thenault
453:. Captain Thenault wrote his book at his home located in Vaux-en-Couhe Vienne France (
3733:
3504:
2792:
2786:
2222:
2139:
2050:
1403:
1230:
833:
805:
Assistant military attache for aeronautics: French embassy, Washington DC (1922â1925)
520:
445:
Following the end of World War I, Captain Thenault continued military service in the
243:
1015:
The Story of the LaFayette Escadrille, Told by its commander Captain George Thenault
507:) and of Mrs. Katherine (Turner) "Danny" Spencer, and a grandniece of the Honorable
2954:
2381:
932:
614:
454:
972:
628:, where they resided in the home of her mother during remainder of World War II.
203:
under the overall command of Commandant Philippe FĂ©quant. During 1916â1917, this
3165:
3070:
2768:
2196:
1617:
1483:
1462:
983:
Date of birth and place of birth were derived from the ship's manifest listing.
842:
French Order of the Army, 27 August 1914, while serving with the Escadrille C.11
793:
Escadrille LaFayette N.124, commanding officer, 9 April 1916 to 18 January 1918.
722:, commander-in-chief of the French armies operating on the French front, stated:
670:
605:
524:
369:
361:
357:
180:
1581:
738:
journal, the War Department Director of Military Aeronautics Brigadier General
1461:â a stylized bird made from folded paper; squadron aircraft LT Thenault flew:
365:
301:
It started with a group of American volunteers (Norman Prince, William Thaw,
2960:
2727:
1473:
Squadron insignia: fox; squadron aircraft Captain Thenault flew: Caudron G.3
859:
609:
390:
that took place between the French Bureau of the Minister of War and to the
164:
808:
Military Attache for Aeronautics: French embassy, Washington DC (1925â1933)
656:. Details of the burial services are obtained from a special article from
3220:
1060:
224:
1109:(New Bern, North Carolina). Wednesday, 5 September 1917, p. 2, column 4.
845:
Legion of Honor, 29 October 1914, while serving with the Escadrille C.11
1482:
Squadron insignia: Lion Cub; squadron aircraft Captain Thenault flew:
652:
in the park of Villeneuve L'etang, between the suburbs of Garches and
1101:. 3 September 1917: New York. Vol. 5, No. 25, page 913. Editorial in
621:
1221:
Fourteenth Annual of the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics
1017:. Boston: Small, Maynard & Company. pp. Introduction xiii.
3388:
1057:
founding fathers of French Aviation Service â Service AĂ©ronautique
590:
533:
493:
459:
419:
346:
315:
292:
233:
228:
184:
1350:. Obituaries. Georges Spencer Thenault. Tuesday, 12 January 2010.
1229:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
858:
The character of Georges Thenault was played by the French actor
159:) (15 December 1887 â 19 December 1948) was the commander of the
1590:
555:
In response to request of U.S. Assistant Secretary of the Navy
1586:
787:
Escadrille C.34, 25 March 1915. Promoted to captain, May 1915.
682:
Thenault was the son of Monsieur and Madame Paul Thenault of
238:
Captain Georges Thenault, French Aviation Service, circa 1918
1566:
698:
special article released from Washington DC on 14 May 1955:
1525:
The American Review of Reviews: An International Magazine
1028:
The American Review of Reviews: An International Magazine
1567:
American Ambulance Hospital of Paris â The Field Service
286:
Final approval for this plan was given by Major General
784:
Escadrille C.11, lieutenant, August to 1 December 1914.
1290:: Air Vice Marshal Sir Robert Allingham George. Also,
1518:
The Lafayette Flying Corps â In Two Volumes, Volume I
1416:
The Lafayette Flying Corps â In Two Volumes, Volume I
989:
Source citation for Vienne, France Censuses 1836-1901
692:
St. Margaretâs Episcopal Church (Annapolis, Maryland)
3673:
3594:
3533:
3495:
3439:
3428:
3332:
3304:
3252:
3174:
3148:
3100:
3053:
2993:
2986:
2814:
2696:
2571:
2473:
2400:
2301:
2205:
2167:
2102:
2093:
2036:
1910:
1899:
1865:
1837:
1799:
1751:
1704:
1697:
1511:
The Lafayette Flying Corps in Two Volumes, Volume I
637:
Military Administration in Belgium and North France
223:. In early 1918, it operated in the region between
136:
128:
120:
112:
104:
94:
86:
76:
62:
42:
23:
140:LĂ©gion d'honneur, Croix de guerre, with four Palms
709:World War I Lafayette Escadrille N.124 Citations
2563:Armistice between Russia and the Central Powers
580:of the Navy, and the Aeronautics Branch of the
437:, remaining there for the duration of the war.
937:La Navigation Aerienne Par Ballons Dirigeables
1602:
754:According to an article published within the
734:According to an article published within the
631:During World War II, Thenault resided in the
175:Born on 2 October 1887, in the small town of
8:
552:American progress in the aircraft industry.
561:National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics
3436:
3145:
3050:
2990:
2099:
1907:
1701:
1609:
1595:
1587:
474:Assistant Military Attaché for Aeronautics
368:with a single Vickers machinegun, and the
242:Captain Georges Thenault credits Adjudant
179:, France (located on main highway between
31:
20:
991:. 1896. Colombiers commune. Page 3 of 19.
3740:French military personnel of World War I
2852:Revolutions and interventions in Hungary
608:â western suburb of Paris. Prior to the
3229:Occupied Enemy Territory Administration
965:
915:The Vivid Air: The Lafayette Escadrille
913:. Reference source: Flammer, Philip M.
877:
505:Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad
476:and later evolved into the position of
1330:
1319:
973:Catalog of the French National Library
650:LaFayette Escadrille Memorial Monument
431:School of Aerial Acrobacy & Combat
3182:Austro-Hungarian occupation of Serbia
2518:Third Battle of Ypres (Passchendaele)
1426:(1919); and from Ruth Dunbar's story
1262:. no. 2, p. 91, list no. 27-30. S.S.
1129:The Story of the LaFayette Escadrille
547:â replacing newly promoted Brigadier
470:Embassy of France in Washington, D.C.
207:took part in such engagements as the
154:
7:
3586:Agreement of Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne
1546:Ecole militaire de pilotage d'Avord
836:in the colors of the Croix de Guerre
802:at Pau, 18 January 1918 to Armistice
701:According to the morning edition of
582:United States Department of Commerce
3515:Ottomans against the Triple Entente
2309:Second Battle of the Masurian Lakes
1422:(autumn 1916); Charles J. Biddle's
770:FRENCH AVIATION SERVICE ASSIGNMENTS
2248:First Battle of the Masurian Lakes
472:This started with the position of
372:with the twin-Vickers machinegun.
14:
1248:American Export-Isbrandtsen Lines
124:Escadrille C.11; Escadrille C.34;
16:Commander of Lafayette Escadrille
2611:Second Battle of the Piave River
2233:Russian invasion of East Prussia
1372:Director of Military Aeronautics
1224:
1064:Twenty Years As Military Attache
545:Military Attaché for Aeronautics
489:Military Attaché for Aeronautics
478:Military Attaché for Aeronautics
3682:Arrest of a Suspect in Sarajevo
2882:Lithuanian Wars of Independence
1582:World War I: Aircraft of France
800:School of Acrobacy & Combat
549:Gen Georges Armand Louis Dumont
394:, Chief of Staff Major General
269:Officer of the Legion of Honour
3505:Austria-Hungary against Serbia
3364:Deportations from East Prussia
3161:1915 typhus epidemic in Serbia
811:Final rank: lieutenant colonel
775:From the beginning of the war.
718:, which was signed by General
411:United States Army Air Service
1:
3416:Ukrainian Canadian internment
1045:Graduate School of Marine War
3571:SazonovâPalĂ©ologue Agreement
2870:Estonian War of Independence
2538:Southern Palestine offensive
574:United States Army Air Corps
392:American Expeditionary Force
338:Franco-American Flying Corps
3525:USA against Austria-Hungary
2924:Turkish War of Independence
2876:Latvian War of Independence
2601:Treaty of Bucharest of 1918
2192:Anti-Serb riots in Sarajevo
1516:Nordhoff, Charles Bernard.
1509:Nordhoff, Charles Bernard.
1430:(originally printed in the
1414:Nordhoff, Charles Bernard.
1288:Robert George (RAF officer)
862:in the 2006 American movie
694:. Details are derived from
626:Harwich Port, Massachusetts
340:â later to be known as the
3771:
3608:Treaties of Brest-Litovsk
3156:1899â1923 cholera pandemic
2616:Second Battle of the Marne
2503:Second battle of the Aisne
2372:Second Battle of Champagne
2213:German invasion of Belgium
1088:AFS Intercultural Programs
1013:Thenault, Georges (1921).
941:Air Navigation by Airships
764:World War I service record
566:Thomas Gerard Hetherington
330:Escadrille des Volontaires
288:Auguste Edouard Hirschauer
213:Second Battle of the Aisne
3745:French World War I pilots
3714:
3389:Assyrian genocide (Sayfo)
2918:Irish War of Independence
2661:Armistice of Villa Giusti
2646:Battle of Vittorio Veneto
2258:First Battle of the Marne
1624:
1445:"Ecole militaire d'Avord"
1434:, February 1919 edition).
435:Pau, Pyrénées-Atlantiques
30:
3541:Constantinople Agreement
2834:ArmenianâAzerbaijani War
2697:Co-belligerent conflicts
2666:Second Romanian campaign
2636:Third Transjordan attack
2347:GorliceâTarnĂłw offensive
2253:Battle of Grand Couronné
3604:Modus vivendi of Acroma
3556:BulgariaâGermany treaty
2864:Greater Poland Uprising
2764:National Protection War
2641:MeuseâArgonne offensive
2591:German spring offensive
2586:Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
2362:Siege of Novogeorgievsk
2337:Second Battle of Artois
2218:Battle of the Frontiers
1457:Squadron insignia: the
1107:The Morning New Bernian
885:Air force officer ranks
667:William Nelson Cromwell
633:Occupied Zone of France
513:Ripley County, Missouri
221:Battle of Passchendaele
100:French Aviation Service
3629:Paris Peace Conference
3617:UkraineâCentral Powers
3411:Massacres of Albanians
3379:Late Ottoman genocides
3186:Bulgarian occupations
2894:Third Anglo-Afghan War
2858:HungarianâRomanian War
2676:Naval Victory Bulletin
2671:Armistice with Germany
2621:Hundred Days Offensive
2548:Battle of La Malmaison
2498:Second battle of Arras
2465:Battle of Transylvania
2319:Second Battle of Ypres
2187:Sarajevo assassination
2076:South African Republic
1523:Shaw, Albert. Editor.
1209:The Chronicle Telegram
751:
731:
675:
596:
539:
499:
465:
426:
405:â originally known as
396:James William McAndrew
353:
342:Lafayette Flying Corps
321:
298:
284:
239:
3639:Treaty of St. Germain
3612:RussiaâCentral Powers
3566:SykesâPicot Agreement
3394:Pontic Greek genocide
3369:Destruction of Kalisz
3345:Eastern Mediterranean
2906:PolishâLithuanian War
2688:Armistice of Belgrade
2651:Armistice of Salonica
2581:Operation Faustschlag
2528:Third Battle of Oituz
2450:Baranovichi offensive
2418:Lake Naroch offensive
2392:Battle of Robat Karim
2367:VistulaâBug offensive
2342:Battles of the Isonzo
2273:First Battle of Ypres
745:
725:
662:
594:
578:Bureau of Aeronautics
557:Edward Pearson Warner
537:
497:
463:
423:
407:103d Pursuit Squadron
350:
326:Escadrille Americaine
319:
311:Escadrille Americaine
296:
278:
248:French Foreign Legion
237:
152:French pronunciation:
105:Years of service
3634:Treaty of Versailles
3350:Mount Lebanon famine
3265:in the United States
3233:Russian occupations
2947:TurkishâArmenian War
2888:PolishâUkrainian War
2828:UkrainianâSoviet War
2775:Central Asian Revolt
2558:Armistice of FocÈani
2288:Battle of Sarikamish
2238:Battle of Tannenberg
1634:Military engagements
1424:The Way of the Eagle
1292:Aero Club of America
1246:was operated by the
929:ChĂąlons-en-Champagne
911:Lafayette Escadrille
451:LaFayette Escadrille
334:Escadrille Lafayette
197:Lafayette Escadrille
161:Lafayette Escadrille
3701:They shall not pass
3624:Treaty of Bucharest
3581:Treaty of Bucharest
3520:USA against Germany
3497:Declarations of war
3201:German occupations
3114:British casualties
2973:SovietâGeorgian War
2900:Egyptian Revolution
2840:Armeno-Georgian War
2704:Somaliland campaign
2656:Armistice of Mudros
2533:Battle of Caporetto
2523:Battle of MÄrÄÈeÈti
2493:Zimmermann telegram
2488:February Revolution
2433:Battle of the Somme
2357:Bug-Narew Offensive
2332:Battle of Gallipoli
2324:Sinking of the RMS
2116:Scramble for Africa
2110:Franco-Prussian War
1766:Sinai and Palestine
1530:Thenault, Georges.
1360:Air Service Journal
1140:Thenault, Georges.
684:Coulombiers, Vienne
209:Battle of the Somme
205:Groupe de Combat 13
201:Groupe de Combat 13
146:Lieutenant Colonel
3661:Treaty of Lausanne
3576:Paris Economy Pact
3510:UK against Germany
3440:Entry into the war
3406:Urkun (Kyrgyzstan)
3125:Ottoman casualties
2935:Franco-Turkish War
2815:Post-War conflicts
2799:Russian Revolution
2781:Invasion of Darfur
2746:Kelantan rebellion
2734:Kurdish rebellions
2710:Mexican Revolution
2543:October Revolution
2508:Kerensky offensive
2483:Capture of Baghdad
2460:Monastir offensive
2445:Brusilov offensive
2283:Battle of Kolubara
2122:Russo-Japanese War
1486:; Nancy, Luneville
1314:The New York Times
1276:The New York Times
1175:The New York Times
854:In popular culture
696:The New York Times
658:The New York Times
654:Marnes-la-Coquette
597:
540:
500:
466:
427:
403:103d Aero Squadron
354:
332:, and finally the
322:
299:
240:
156:[ÊÉÊÊtÉno]
116:Lieutenant Colonel
3727:
3726:
3710:
3709:
3694:The Golden Virgin
3688:Mutilated victory
3669:
3668:
3649:Treaty of Trianon
3644:Treaty of Neuilly
3551:Damascus Protocol
3424:
3423:
3384:Armenian genocide
3341:Allied blockades
3313:Belgian refugees
3096:
3095:
3006:Strategic bombing
2982:
2981:
2967:Franco-Syrian War
2941:Greco-Turkish War
2929:Anglo-Turkish War
2912:PolishâSoviet War
2846:German Revolution
2822:Russian Civil War
2805:Finnish Civil War
2631:Battle of Megiddo
2606:Battle of Goychay
2553:Battle of Cambrai
2513:Battle of MÄrÄÈti
2428:Battle of Jutland
2408:Erzurum offensive
2263:Siege of PrzemyĆl
2243:Siege of Tsingtao
2228:Battle of Galicia
2158:Second Balkan War
2146:Italo-Turkish War
2103:Pre-War conflicts
2089:
2088:
1979:Portuguese Empire
1895:
1894:
1857:German New Guinea
1839:Asian and Pacific
1420:Flying for France
1400:Aerial Age Weekly
1388:Aerial Age Weekly
1376:Aerial Age Weekly
1329:Missing or empty
1099:Aerial Age Weekly
830:, with four Palms
756:Aerial Age Weekly
736:Aerial Age Weekly
144:
143:
3762:
3654:Treaty of SĂšvres
3546:Treaty of London
3437:
3215:Northeast France
3146:
3118:Parliamentarians
3051:
3013:Chemical weapons
2991:
2752:Senussi campaign
2722:Muscat rebellion
2716:Maritz rebellion
2684:
2626:Vardar offensive
2455:Battle of Romani
2423:Battle of Asiago
2413:Battle of Verdun
2377:Kosovo offensive
2152:First Balkan War
2100:
1999:Russian Republic
1908:
1702:
1644:Economic history
1611:
1604:
1597:
1588:
1496:
1493:
1487:
1480:
1474:
1471:
1465:
1455:
1449:
1448:
1441:
1435:
1432:Century Magazine
1428:Severely Wounded
1412:
1406:
1397:
1391:
1385:
1379:
1369:
1363:
1357:
1351:
1348:The Boston Globe
1345:
1339:
1338:
1332:
1327:
1325:
1317:
1310:
1304:
1301:
1295:
1285:
1279:
1273:
1267:
1257:
1251:
1240:
1234:
1228:
1227:
1218:
1212:
1206:
1200:
1196:
1190:
1184:
1178:
1172:
1166:
1163:
1157:
1151:
1145:
1138:
1132:
1126:
1120:
1116:
1110:
1103:New York America
1096:
1090:
1083:
1077:
1073:
1067:
1037:
1031:
1025:
1019:
1018:
1010:
1004:
998:
992:
981:
975:
970:
953:
950:
944:
924:
918:
893:
887:
882:
823:LĂ©gion d'honneur
740:William L. Kenly
703:The Boston Globe
509:William J. Stone
482:SS France (1910)
217:Battle of Verdun
199:was assigned to
177:Celle-LĂ©vescault
158:
153:
148:Georges Thenault
108:August 1914â1937
96:
69:
66:19 December 1948
56:Celle-LĂ©vescault
53:15 December 1887
52:
50:
35:
25:Georges Thenault
21:
3770:
3769:
3765:
3764:
3763:
3761:
3760:
3759:
3730:
3729:
3728:
3723:
3706:
3665:
3597:
3590:
3561:Treaty of Darin
3529:
3491:
3447:Austria-Hungary
3433:
3420:
3401:Rape of Belgium
3328:
3300:
3248:
3242:Western Armenia
3237:Eastern Galicia
3170:
3144:
3108:
3107:Civilian impact
3106:
3092:
3049:
2978:
2810:
2740:Ovambo Uprising
2692:
2678:
2567:
2469:
2396:
2314:Battle of ĆomĆŒa
2297:
2293:Christmas truce
2268:Race to the Sea
2201:
2163:
2085:
2056:Austria-Hungary
2032:
1967:Empire of Japan
1904:
1902:
1891:
1875:U-boat campaign
1861:
1833:
1795:
1747:
1693:
1674:Popular culture
1620:
1615:
1542:
1537:
1505:
1500:
1499:
1494:
1490:
1481:
1477:
1472:
1468:
1456:
1452:
1443:
1442:
1438:
1413:
1409:
1398:
1394:
1386:
1382:
1370:
1366:
1358:
1354:
1346:
1342:
1328:
1318:
1312:
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828:Croix de Guerre
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720:Philippe PĂ©tain
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645:
602:
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415:Croix de Guerre
377:Philippe PĂ©tain
307:Kiffin Rockwell
275:
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82:
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3076:United Kingdom
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3068:
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3045:Trench warfare
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2758:Volta-Bani War
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2387:Battle of Loos
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2180:Historiography
2171:
2169:
2165:
2164:
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2161:
2155:
2149:
2143:
2137:
2134:Bosnian Crisis
2131:
2128:Tangier Crisis
2125:
2119:
2113:
2106:
2104:
2097:
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2090:
2087:
2086:
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2083:
2078:
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2061:Ottoman Empire
2058:
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2042:
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2038:Central Powers
2034:
2033:
2031:
2030:
2025:
2024:
2023:
2021:British Empire
2016:United Kingdom
2013:
2008:
2003:
2002:
2001:
1996:
1994:Russian Empire
1986:
1981:
1976:
1971:
1970:
1969:
1959:
1954:
1949:
1948:
1947:
1937:
1932:
1927:
1922:
1916:
1914:
1912:Entente Powers
1905:
1900:
1897:
1896:
1893:
1892:
1890:
1889:
1884:
1883:
1882:
1880:North Atlantic
1871:
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1791:Central Arabia
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1753:Middle Eastern
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1654:Historiography
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1540:External links
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1316:. 14 May 1955.
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781:AT THE FRONT:
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3038:Convoy system
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3033:Naval warfare
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2140:Agadir Crisis
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2028:United States
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1887:Mediterranean
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1867:Naval warfare
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2769:Arab Revolt
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2679: [
2197:July Crisis
2118:(1880â1914)
1781:Mesopotamia
1659:Home fronts
1618:World War I
1484:Caudron G.4
1463:Caudron G.3
839:CITATIONS:
817:DECORATIONS
671:Jean Moreau
643:Final years
606:Saint-Cloud
525:RMS Olympic
370:SPAD S.XIII
362:Nieuport 17
358:Nieuport 11
328:, then the
191:World War I
181:La Rochelle
3734:Categories
3534:Agreements
3334:War crimes
3210:Luxembourg
3103:Casualties
1974:Montenegro
1809:South West
1689:Technology
1679:Propaganda
1669:Opposition
1404:FourragĂšre
960:References
834:FourragĂšre
521:René Fonck
366:SPAD S.VII
171:Early life
87:Allegiance
49:1887-12-15
3431:Diplomacy
3138:Olympians
3061:Australia
3028:Logistics
2961:Vlora War
2890:(1918â19)
2866:(1918â19)
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2728:Zaian War
2718:(1914â15)
2438:first day
2326:Lusitania
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1901:Principal
1761:Gallipoli
1664:Memorials
1649:Geography
1639:Aftermath
1322:cite news
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1244:Exochorda
900:Lafayette
860:Jean Reno
617:Exochorda
610:armistice
398:, U.S.A.
165:U.S. Army
3719:Category
3306:Refugees
3272:Italians
3261:Germans
3221:Ober Ost
3001:Aviation
2095:Timeline
2066:Bulgaria
1847:Tsingtao
1824:Togoland
1771:Caucasus
1706:European
1698:Theatres
1049:aerostat
716:citation
375:Marshal
225:Soissons
129:Commands
95:Service/
58:, France
3457:Germany
3357:Germany
3285:Germany
3205:Belgium
3190:Albania
3149:Disease
3129:Sports
3081:Ireland
2994:Warfare
2987:Aspects
2175:Origins
2168:Prelude
2071:Senussi
2051:Germany
2046:Leaders
1984:Romania
1925:Belgium
1920:Leaders
1819:Kamerun
1801:African
1736:Romania
1714:Balkans
1629:Outline
1459:cocotte
865:Flyboys
3477:Russia
3452:France
3280:Canada
3195:Serbia
3066:Canada
3023:Horses
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2124:(1905)
2081:Darfur
2006:Serbia
1989:Russia
1952:Greece
1940:France
1930:Brazil
1776:Persia
1719:Serbia
678:Family
622:U-boat
576:, the
559:, the
215:, the
211:, the
137:Awards
97:branch
90:France
77:Buried
3674:Other
3467:Japan
3462:Italy
3289:camps
3133:Rugby
2683:]
1962:Japan
1957:Italy
1935:China
1829:North
1076:1920.
1053:plane
872:Notes
229:Reims
185:Tours
3254:POWs
2573:1918
2475:1917
2401:1916
2302:1915
2206:1914
2011:Siam
1814:East
1557:2009
1335:help
1041:1919
227:and
183:and
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113:Rank
63:Died
43:Born
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