284:
64:
116:
188:
176:), emerging as a masterpiece. Considered one of the most significant works of Georgian literature, the poem narrates the adventures of Avtandil, a knight sent by Queen Tinatin on a quest to find another mysterious knight. The story unfolds with twists, culminating in a double wedding.
250:
The next generation saw a rise in nationalism and a growing focus on social issues. The "Tergdaleulebi" movement, advocating education and reform, led by
Russian-educated Georgians, heavily influenced literature.
866:
219:. Themes of a suffering homeland and grief resonated during this era. Despite Persian oppression, Georgian authors often displayed admiration for Persian language and poetry.
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157:
literary traditions. Heroic epics, tales of chivalrous love, and knightly adventures became prominent, with poetry reigning as the dominant literary genre.
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406:
349:
19:
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169:
124:
46:
in the 11th century. However, political fragmentation and foreign invasions following a peak in literary tradition during the reign of
164:(AD 1184-1213) marked the pinnacle of medieval Georgian literature. This period witnessed a flourishing of literary production, with
654:
135:
925:
179:
Following Queen Tamar's reign, Georgia's political fragmentation and foreign invasions led to a decline in literary output.
873:
647:
1132:
1170:
1144:
1114:
1060:
283:
1137:
1055:
814:
796:
291:
The early 20th century witnessed a flourishing of literary styles and authors. This vibrancy continued until the
997:
893:
771:
333:
903:
691:
146:. Numerous Byzantine works were translated into Georgian, and philosophy and historical writing flourished.
42:
dating back to the 5th century. A golden age of
Georgian literature flourished under the unified kingdom of
401:. Routledge contemporary Russia and Eastern Europe series. London ; New York: Routledge. p. 201.
937:
806:
236:
208:
1072:
459:
Ninoshvili, L. (2011). The 1990s “Kutaisi Wave”: Music and Youth
Movement in a Postindustrial Periphery.
149:
This era also saw the birth of secular literature, drawing inspiration from
Georgian folklore as well as
1030:
992:
977:
972:
967:
726:
446:
Elbakidze, M. Medieval
Georgian Romance by Shota Rustaveli in the Context of European Chivalry Romance.
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63:
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161:
85:
47:
987:
311:
260:
227:
The 19th century marked a shift towards
Western influence as Georgia gradually joined the
165:
72:
99:, intertwined with a growing sense of Georgian national identity. This is exemplified in
115:
429:
Mrevlishvili, N., & Jikurashvili, T. (2024). Later editions of
Shushanik tortures.
337:
319:
268:
228:
1164:
104:
67:
187:
38:) refers to a long literary heritage, with some of the oldest surviving texts in
292:
232:
89:
620:
599:
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557:
536:
515:
494:
307:
195:
The 17th and 18th centuries saw a resurgence in literary activity. Kings like
416:
295:
of the 1930s, which tragically silenced many writers unwilling to conform to
485:
396:
88:, was composed between 476 and 484 CE. It belongs to the literary genre of
623:[Georgian Literature at the edge of the 19th and 20th Centuries].
131:
43:
306:
became an avant-garde literary hub, with the literary, symbolist group "
303:
639:
216:
602:[Georgian Literature of the 2nd half of the 19th Century].
581:[Georgian Literature of the 1st half of the 19th Century].
203:
contributed to the field. This period produced notable works like
340:
are considered the 20th century's most influential prose writers.
282:
186:
62:
643:
621:"Грузинская литература [на рубеже XIX и ХХ веков]"
518:[Georgian Literature of the 13th-17th Centuries].
497:[Georgian Literature of the 5th-13th Centuries].
95:
The ninth and tenth centuries witnessed a flourishing of
600:"Грузинская литература [второй половины XIX в.]"
579:"Грузинская литература [первой половины XIX в.]"
142:. Christian literature thrived, heavily influenced by
560:[Georgian Literature of the 18th Century].
539:[Georgian Literature of the 17th Century].
235:became the dominant style, with leading poets like
279:20th Century: Revolution, Repression, and Rebirth
476:Baramidze, A.; Radiani, Sh.; Zgenti, V. (1952).
287:Mikheil Javakhishvili on a 2022 stamp of Georgia
516:"Грузинская литература [XIII—XVI вв.]"
70:manuscript in the medieval Georgian patristic
33:
655:
223:Westernization and Romanticism (19th Century)
8:
495:"Грузинская литература [V—XIII вв.]"
123:1160 – after c. 1220), poet and author of "
80:The earliest known Georgian literary work,
662:
648:
640:
577:Asatiani, G. L.; Abashidze, G. E. (1989).
558:"Грузинская литература [XVIII в.]"
50:(1184-1213 CE) led to a cultural decline.
631:] (in Russian). Vol. 8. Moscow:
610:] (in Russian). Vol. 7. Moscow:
589:] (in Russian). Vol. 6. Moscow:
568:] (in Russian). Vol. 5. Moscow:
547:] (in Russian). Vol. 4. Moscow:
537:"Грузинская литература [XVII в.]"
526:] (in Russian). Vol. 3. Moscow:
505:] (in Russian). Vol. 2. Moscow:
111:Georgian Golden Age (11th-13th Centuries)
114:
360:
302:In the early 20th century, the city of
101:Praise and Glory to the Georgian Tongue
390:
388:
386:
384:
255:gained prominence, with writers like
7:
382:
380:
378:
376:
374:
372:
370:
368:
366:
364:
350:The Literature of Georgia: A History
20:Georgian literature (disambiguation)
633:Gorky Institute of World Literature
612:Gorky Institute of World Literature
591:Gorky Institute of World Literature
570:Gorky Institute of World Literature
549:Gorky Institute of World Literature
528:Gorky Institute of World Literature
507:Gorky Institute of World Literature
310:" featuring prominent figures like
82:The Martyrdom of the Holy Shushanik
14:
275:and Western European literature.
138:in the 11th century ushered in a
183:Resurgence (17th-18th Centuries)
170:The Knight in the Panther's Skin
125:The Knight in the Panther's Skin
97:Christian theological literature
1176:Literature of Georgia (country)
482:History of Georgian Literature
271:drawing inspiration from both
1:
478:История грузинской литературы
398:The Caucasus: an introduction
625:История всемирной литературы
604:История всемирной литературы
598:Khutsishvili, S. G. (1991).
583:История всемирной литературы
562:История всемирной литературы
541:История всемирной литературы
520:История всемирной литературы
499:История всемирной литературы
484:] (in Russian). Moscow:
629:History of World Literature
619:Merkviladze, G. I. (1994).
608:History of World Literature
587:History of World Literature
566:History of World Literature
545:History of World Literature
524:History of World Literature
503:History of World Literature
205:The Book of Wisdom and Lies
1192:
17:
677:
556:Baramidze, A. G. (1988).
535:Baramidze, A. G. (1987).
514:Baramidze, A. G. (1985).
493:Baramidze, A. G. (1984).
448:Intercultural Perspective
34:
395:Coene, Frederik (2010).
334:Konstantine Gamsakhurdia
127:", a national epic poem
288:
237:Alexander Chavchavadze
209:Sulkhan-Saba Orbeliani
192:
140:golden age for culture
136:unification of Georgia
128:
77:
330:Mikheil Javakhishvili
286:
211:, alongside works by
190:
118:
103:by 10th-century monk
66:
431:Language and Culture
245:Nikoloz Baratashvili
217:Bessarion Gabashvili
144:Byzantine traditions
18:For other uses, see
671:European literature
635:. pp. 167–173.
614:. pp. 202–208.
593:. pp. 438–447.
572:. pp. 505–513.
551:. pp. 429–435.
530:. pp. 536–538.
509:. pp. 308–319.
191:Poem by Teimuraz I.
26:Georgian literature
461:Current Musicology
289:
213:David Guramishvili
193:
129:
78:
35:ქართული ლიტერატურა
1171:Georgian language
1158:
1157:
408:978-0-415-48660-6
316:Galaktion Tabidze
297:socialist realism
265:Alexandre Kazbegi
257:Ilia Chavchavadze
247:shaping the era.
119:Shota Rustaveli (
40:Georgian language
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324:Grigol Robakidze
293:Stalinist purges
241:Grigol Orbeliani
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86:Iakob Tsurtaveli
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261:Akaki Tsereteli
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174:Vepkhistqaosani
168:'s epic poem, "
166:Shota Rustaveli
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73:Nuskhuri script
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320:Paolo Iashvili
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229:Russian Empire
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160:The reign of
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90:hagiographies
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59:Early origins
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807:Old English
692:Anglo-Norman
628:
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105:Ioane-Zosime
100:
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71:
25:
24:
15:
1076: [
1010:(Provençal)
998:Montenegrin
865: [
233:Romanticism
162:Queen Tamar
48:Queen Tamar
1165:Categories
1133:in English
1031:Portuguese
978:Macedonian
973:Luxembourg
968:Lithuanian
727:Belarusian
437:, 180-186.
356:References
308:Blue Horns
197:Teimuraz I
1120:Ukrainian
1046:Sardinian
1016:Old Norse
1003:Norwegian
948:Kashubian
916:Icelandic
911:Hungarian
752:Bulgarian
707:Aromanian
697:Aragonese
486:Uchpedgiz
450:, p. 129.
417:311036644
201:Archil II
1138:in Welsh
1125:Venetian
1073:Silesian
1051:Scottish
1036:Romanian
1021:Ossetian
1008:Occitan
993:Moldovan
938:Jèrriais
899:medieval
879:Georgian
874:Galician
852:Friulian
822:Estonian
777:Croatian
717:Austrian
712:Asturian
702:Armenian
687:Albanian
344:See also
132:David IV
44:David IV
30:Georgian
1150:Yiddish
1110:Turkish
1100:Swedish
1095:Spanish
1090:Slovene
1068:Serbian
1041:Russian
983:Maltese
963:Latvian
953:Kosovar
933:Italian
894:ancient
847:Frisian
837:Flemish
832:Finnish
827:Faroese
802:English
782:Cypriot
767:Cornish
762:Chuvash
757:Catalan
747:British
737:Bosnian
732:Belgian
470:Sources
304:Kutaisi
273:Russian
253:Realism
151:Persian
54:History
1129:Welsh
1085:Slovak
1026:Polish
943:Kazakh
904:modern
884:German
862:Gagauz
857:Gaelic
842:French
792:Danish
742:Breton
722:Basque
682:Abkhaz
415:
405:
336:, and
322:, and
312:Titian
267:, and
243:, and
155:Arabic
68:John's
32::
1105:Swiss
1080:]
1056:Scots
958:Latin
921:Irish
889:Greek
869:]
797:Dutch
787:Czech
627:[
606:[
585:[
564:[
543:[
522:[
501:[
480:[
988:Manx
413:OCLC
403:ISBN
314:and
215:and
199:and
153:and
207:by
172:" (
134:'s
84:by
1167::
1078:cs
867:ru
433:,
411:.
363:^
332:,
326:.
318:,
299:.
263:,
259:,
239:,
231:.
121:c.
107:.
92:.
663:e
656:t
649:v
488:.
435:9
419:.
76:.
28:(
22:.
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