48:
663:
40:
671:
780:, to the interior where they were at the mercy of hostile Turks. The Greeks had little time to pack and the Ottoman authorities permitted them to take only some bedding and the rest was handed over to the Government. The Turks then plundered the houses and properties. A testimony of a deportee described how the deportees were forced onto crowded steamers, standing-room only, then on disembarking, men of military age were removed (for forced labour in the
1787:
2725:
261:
1852:
2713:
580:
483:
644:. Seven of the Greek villagers who stayed two minutes later than the three-hour limit allowed for the evacuation were shot by the soldiers. After the end of the Balkan War the exiles were allowed to return. But as the Government allowed only the Turks to rebuild their houses and furnish them, the exiled Greeks were compelled to remain in Gallipoli.
1310:
791:
of
Gallipoli wrote on 17 July 1915 that the extermination of the Christian refugees was methodical. He also mentions that "The Turks, like beasts of prey, immediately plundered all the Christians' property and carried it off. The inhabitants and refugees of my district are entirely without shelter,
1570:
2031:
368:
founded a major
Athenian colony there around 560 BC. He took authority over the entire peninsula, augmenting its defences against incursions from the mainland. It eventually passed to his nephew, the more famous
639:
The
Ottoman Government, under the pretext that a village was within the firing line, ordered its evacuation within three hours. The residents abandoned everything they possessed, left their village and went to
498:
invaded the
Gallipoli Peninsula during one of the last stages of his grand campaign that year. He captured both Callipolis and Sestus. Aside from a brief period from 1204 to 1235, when it was controlled by the
855:
2024:
2646:
612:
In March 1854 British and French engineers constructed an 11.5 km (7.1 mi) line of defence to protect the peninsula from a possible
Russian attack and secure control of the route to the
247:
in breadth or about 6.5 km (4.0 mi), but the length of the peninsula from this wall to its southern extremity, Cape
Mastusia, was 420 stadia or about 77.5 km (48.2 mi).
2017:
633:
400:
in 404 BC, but the peninsula subsequently reverted to the
Athenians. During the 4th century BC, the Thracian Chersonese became the focus of a bitter territorial dispute between Athens and
2299:
1588:
1545:
2818:
2798:
750:, setting a foundation for Australian and New Zealand military history, and contributing to their developing national identities. The date of the landing, 25 April, is known as "
980:
792:
awaiting to be sent no one knows where ...". Many Greeks died from hunger and there were frequent cases of rape of women and young girls, as well as their forced conversion to
800:
appeared in the villages even before the Greek inhabitants were deported and stoned the houses and threatened the inhabitants that they would kill them if they did not leave.
720:
regard it as a defining moment in their nation's history and national identity, contributing to the establishment of the
Republic of Turkey eight years later under President
1150:
507:
ruled the territory until 1356. During the night between 1 and 2 March 1354, a strong earthquake destroyed the city of
Gallipoli and its city walls, weakening its defenses.
1215:
2828:
2043:
1100:
47:
2823:
1840:
1737:
1698:
2803:
1962:
2434:
428:
828:
of
October 1922. Gallipoli was briefly handed over to British troops on 20 October 1922, but finally returned to Turkish rule on 26 November 1922.
2833:
2493:
2274:
1461:
743:
1374:
1212:
1340:
1126:
701:), the British authorised an attack on the peninsula by French, British, and British Empire forces. The first Australian troops landed at
1818:
1182:
2602:
2338:
678:
During World War I (1914-1918), French, British, and allied forces (Australian, New Zealand, Newfoundland, Irish and Indian) fought the
657:
1833:
1731:
1666:
1422:
1260:
974:
781:
1766:
1624:
1296:
1144:
1066:
1026:
948:
2744:
2608:
1234:
2568:
1195:
705:
early in the morning of 25 April 1915. After eight months of heavy fighting the last Allied soldiers withdrew by 9 January 1916.
1094:
809:
728:
232:
541:
recaptured Gallipoli for Byzantium in 1366, but the beleaguered Byzantines were forced to hand it back in September 1376. The
533:
the town of Gallipoli, making it the first Ottoman stronghold in Europe and the staging area for Ottoman expansion across the
2473:
1672:
1630:
1467:
1428:
1266:
979:. Revised and augmented throughout by Henry Stuart Jones with the assistance of Roderick McKenzie. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
384:
The Persians were eventually expelled, after which the peninsula was for a time ruled by Athens, which enrolled it into the
2389:
2813:
1826:
198:
2554:
2808:
2793:
2783:
2564:
2508:
2369:
2354:
2164:
1856:
1796:
1937:
813:
762:
1721:
2468:
970:
936:
31:
1694:
2209:
1187:
632:
and several minor skirmishes took place where the Ottoman army fought in the Greek villages near Gallipoli". The
2150:
2488:
1136:
1086:
1058:
1018:
546:
1972:
866:
Between 1923 and 1926 Gallipoli became the centre of Gelibolu Province, comprising the districts of Gelibolu,
721:
2115:
281:, 'peninsula') to the Greeks and later the Romans. It was the location of several prominent towns, including
2532:
2279:
2264:
2249:
2184:
1927:
1453:
Collective and State Violence in Turkey: The Construction of a National Identity from Empire to Nation-State
1054:
1014:
440:
1506:
2624:
2614:
2009:
636:
mention destruction and massacres in the area by the Ottoman army against Greek and Bulgarian population.
273:
189:
2641:
2429:
2329:
2443:
2085:
1325:
848:
713:
568:
464:
397:
370:
127:
2664:
2204:
879:
662:
1952:
686:. The Ottomans set up defensive fortifications along the peninsula and contained the invading forces.
2788:
2619:
2592:
2477:
1891:
825:
491:
405:
2234:
682:(1915-1916) in and near the peninsula, seeking to secure a sea route to relieve their eastern ally,
2597:
2349:
2075:
1804:
817:
788:
424:
412:
365:
269:
181:
2359:
235:, a defensive structure built across the narrowest part of the peninsula near the ancient city of
39:
2651:
Trading Posts and Fortifications on Genoese Trade Routes from the Mediterranean to the Black Sea
2518:
2498:
2294:
1967:
1366:
1090:
679:
653:
545:
living there were allowed to continue their everyday activities. In the 19th century, Gallipoli (
516:
500:
378:
2669:
2654:
1957:
1942:
840:
670:
1508:
Report of the International Commission to Inquire into the Causes and Conduct of the Balkan War
1344:
2254:
2155:
1922:
1917:
1912:
1727:
1662:
1620:
1457:
1418:
1292:
1256:
1140:
1132:
1062:
1022:
944:
910:
844:
766:
613:
530:
374:
1313: One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the
2634:
2629:
2587:
2424:
2379:
2324:
2174:
2160:
2130:
1042:
629:
625:
538:
504:
361:
300:
110:
68:
2729:
2559:
2544:
2199:
1998:
1993:
1947:
1808:
1759:
1238:
1223:
1219:
1199:
1082:
690:
683:
456:
436:
345:
282:
244:
2224:
2169:
1529:
689:
In early 1915, attempting to seize a strategic advantage in World War I by capturing the
1814:
Australia's role in the Gallipoli Campaign – Website (ABC and Dept of Veteran's Affairs)
1786:
1231:
784:
of the Ottoman army). The rest were "scattered… among the farms like ownerless cattle."
571:, with about thirty thousand inhabitants: comprising Greeks, Turks, Armenians and Jews.
348:) held possession of the peninsula before Greek colonizers arrived. Then, settlers from
2689:
2684:
2674:
2314:
1977:
1932:
832:
777:
773:
709:
698:
606:
527:
495:
460:
444:
443:
seized the peninsula. This alarmed the Greeks and prompted them to seek the aid of the
349:
236:
228:
209:
161:
118:
1192:
601:, and the harbour was also a stopping-off point between the western Mediterranean and
2777:
2717:
2659:
2463:
2244:
2141:
Early Period of Anatolian Turkish Heritage: Niksar, The Capital of Danishmend Dynasty
2100:
2051:
1790:
1723:
The Thirty-Year Genocide: Turkey's Destruction of Its Christian Minorities, 1894–1924
1490:
1314:
1007:
966:
836:
594:
470:
385:
224:
1047:
769:, whose bullish optimism caused damage to his reputation that took years to repair.
731:
as a military decoration in 1915 and awarded it throughout the rest of World War I.
2694:
2679:
2537:
Late Antique and Medieval Churches and Monasteries of Midyat and Surrounding Area (
2304:
260:
2214:
875:
219:
The peninsula runs in a south-westerly direction into the Aegean Sea, between the
17:
1656:
1614:
1451:
1412:
1250:
2448:
2334:
1875:
1616:
The Berlin-Baghdad Express: The Ottoman Empire and Germany's Bid for World Power
1524:
1522:
1520:
1518:
916:
891:
739:
598:
579:
562:
459:
in 133 BC it passed again to the Romans, who from 129 BC administered it in the
392:
on the Thracian Chersonese and sent an additional 1,000 settlers around 448 BC.
220:
154:
138:
2419:
2194:
2095:
702:
448:
420:
324:
150:
51:
2759:
2746:
1813:
1320:
2538:
2438:
2394:
1174:
904:
754:". It remains the most significant commemoration of military casualties and
751:
735:
331:
311:. It also benefited from its strategic importance on the main route between
62:
1414:
Genocide in the Ottoman Empire: Armenians, Assyrians, and Greeks, 1913-1923
482:
360:
stock, founded about 12 cities on the peninsula in the 7th century BC. The
2483:
2453:
2344:
2289:
2239:
2219:
2120:
2110:
2070:
1870:
1122:
1002:
871:
797:
761:
On the Allied side, one of the promoters of the expedition was Britain's
747:
694:
641:
602:
476:
452:
416:
415:
in 323 BC, the Thracian Chersonese became the object of contention among
389:
357:
177:
878:. After the dissolution of the province, it became a district centre in
772:
Prior to the Allied landings in April 1915, the Ottoman Empire deported
2409:
2284:
2145:
2061:
867:
755:
712:
victories during the war, is considered by historians as a humiliating
534:
447:, who conquered the Thracian Chersonese, which they gave to their ally
432:
401:
335:
240:
2205:
Haci Bayram Mosque and its Surrounding Area (the Haci Bayram District)
776:
from Gallipoli and the surrounding region and from the islands in the
2549:
2523:
2458:
2404:
2399:
2384:
2140:
2090:
2066:
2040:
1851:
717:
542:
393:
320:
312:
304:
296:
286:
176:), meaning 'beautiful city', the original name of the modern town of
171:
146:
142:
408:
sought its possession. It was eventually ceded to Philip in 338 BC.
1289:
The Holy War for Constantinople and the Clash of Islam and the West
2414:
2229:
2105:
2080:
793:
669:
661:
578:
481:
353:
308:
259:
46:
38:
2555:
The Underground Water Structures in Gaziantep; Livas' and Kastels
1252:
Attila the Hun: Barbarian Terror and the Fall of the Roman Empire
2527:
316:
2013:
1822:
43:
Satellite image of the Gallipoli peninsula and surrounding area
1658:
Terrible Fate: Ethnic Cleansing in the Making of Modern Europe
824:. However, Greece was forced to cede Eastern Thrace after the
89:
2647:
Seljuk Caravanserais on the route from Denizli to Dogubeyazit
1797:
Gallipoli Peninsula Historical National Park photos with info
339:
290:
276:
165:
1492:
Persecutions of the Greeks in Turkey before the European war
808:
Greek troops occupied Gallipoli on 4 August 1920 during the
724:, who first rose to prominence as a commander at Gallipoli.
1170:
1168:
268:
In ancient times, the Gallipoli Peninsula was known as the
203:
92:
74:
1367:"Charles Usherwood's Service Journal, 1852–1856: despatch"
939:(2003) , Peter Roach; James Hartmann; Jane Setter (eds.),
820:
of 30 October 1918 it became a Greek prefecture centre as
2533:
Ismail Fakirullah Tomb and its Light Refraction Mechanism
2484:
The Theatre and Aqueducts of the Ancient City of Aspendos
1571:"Chapter 1 - The Significance of the Gallipoli Peninsula"
634:
Report of the International Commission on the Balkan Wars
526:
Within a month after the devastating 1354 earthquake the
319:, as well as from its control of the shipping route from
101:
98:
83:
71:
30:
This article is about the peninsula. For other uses, see
2355:
Sultan Bayezid II Complex: A Center of Medical Treatment
2300:
The Tombstones of Ahlat the Urartian and Ottoman citadel
1801:
323:. The city of Sestos was the main crossing-point on the
1661:. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. pp. 96–97.
847:. From there, many went to European countries, such as
2305:
Tushpa/Van Fortress, the Mound and the Old City of Van
907:(1465/70 – 1553), admiral, geographer and cartographer
2280:
Eshab-ı Kehf Kulliye (Islamic-Ottoman Social Complex)
2240:
Lake Tuz Special Environmental Protection Area (SEPA)
1546:"Gallipoli: a Turkish view | Australian War Memorial"
913:(1541–1600), Ottoman historian, politician and writer
734:
The campaign was the first major military action of
467:. It was subsequently made a state-owned territory (
86:
80:
2577:
2507:
2368:
2313:
2263:
2183:
2129:
2050:
1986:
1905:
1884:
1863:
843:and their families evacuated to Gallipoli from the
373:, about 524 BC. The peninsula was abandoned to the
132:
77:
1489:Brown, Carroll N; Papadopoulos, Alexander (1919).
1046:
1006:
435:in Asia Minor settled in the area. In 196 BC, the
597:for British and French forces in 1854 during the
388:in 478 BC. The Athenians established a number of
2044:Tentative list of World Heritage Sites in Turkey
1650:
1648:
2175:Sümela Monastery (The Monastery of Virgin Mary)
1531:Persecution of the Greeks in Turkey, 1914–1918
1400:. Chatham: The Institution of Royal Engineers.
2025:
1834:
1398:History of the Corps of Royal Engineers Vol I
560:
554:
8:
2799:Ancient Greek archaeological sites in Turkey
991:– via Perseus Digital Library Project.
223:(formerly known as the Hellespont), and the
2425:Eflatun Pinar: The Hittite Spring Sanctuary
2151:Kızılırmak Delta Wetland and Bird Sanctuary
648:World War I: Gallipoli Campaign (1914–1918)
468:
2032:
2018:
2010:
1841:
1827:
1819:
1720:Morris, Benny; Ze'evi, Dror (April 2019).
494:from its foundation in 395 AD. In 443 AD,
2819:Tourist attractions in Çanakkale Province
1726:. Harvard University Press. p. 338.
943:, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press,
486:Map of the peninsula and its surroundings
289:, Callipolis (Gallipoli), Alopeconnesus (
2829:World Heritage Tentative List for Turkey
490:The Thracian Chersonese was part of the
2116:Mausoleum and Sacred area of Hecatomnus
1695:"The Meaning of Gallipoli to Hellenism"
928:
2230:Konya-A capital of Seljuk Civilization
2200:Basilica Therma (Sarıkaya Roma Hamamı)
1495:. Oxford university press. p. 52.
475:) and during the reign of the emperor
2824:Territories of the Republic of Venice
2494:Yesemek Quarry and Sculpture Workshop
2454:Karatepe-Aslantaş Archaeological Site
2390:Ancient Cities of Lycian Civilization
2195:Archaeological Site of Kültepe-Kanesh
1772:from the original on 6 February 2020.
1655:Lieberman, Benjamin (December 2013).
1511:. Washington, D.C. 1914. p. 132.
1377:from the original on 28 November 2002
1153:from the original on 25 December 2021
1103:from the original on 24 February 2021
961:
959:
919:(1910–1978), Greek singer and actress
377:in 493 BC after the beginning of the
307:. The peninsula was renowned for its
160:Gallipoli is the Italian form of the
137:) is located in the southern part of
7:
2341:Battles Zones in the First World War
1701:from the original on 15 October 2017
1329:. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
550:
455:in 188 BC. At the extinction of the
658:Gallipoli Peninsula Historical Site
1740:from the original on 25 April 2023
1675:from the original on 25 April 2023
1633:from the original on 25 April 2023
1470:from the original on 25 April 2023
1431:from the original on 25 April 2023
1396:Porter, Maj Gen Whitworth (1889).
1269:from the original on 25 April 2023
1185:; Xenophon, ibid.; Pseudo-Scylax,
1131:(in Ancient Greek). Translated by
727:The Ottoman Empire instituted the
708:The campaign, one of the greatest
666:Landing at Gallipoli in April 1915
396:gained control after the decisive
243:traversed by the wall was only 36
25:
2480:and surrounding historic quarters
2420:Archaeological Site of Sagalassos
2111:The Historical Port City of Izmir
1589:"Gallipoli in brief | NZ History"
1319:Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913).
1291:. New York: Hyperion, 2005. p 31
983:from the original on 7 April 2022
831:In 1920, after the defeat of the
674:The Sphinx overlooking Anzac Cove
184:, the peninsula was known as the
2724:
2723:
2711:
2245:Odunpazari Historical Urban Site
2086:Archaeological site of Laodikeia
1850:
1785:
1308:
411:After the death of Philip's son
344:) (or 'barbarians' according to
227:(formerly the bay of Melas). In
67:
27:Peninsula in northwestern Turkey
2804:Landforms of Çanakkale Province
1456:. Berghahn Books. p. 192.
2569:Mor Yakup (Saint Jacob) Church
2165:Rock-tombs of the Pontic Kings
2146:Historic Guild Town of Mudurnu
1417:. Berghahn Books. p. 42.
1255:. Vintage. 2011. p. 105.
941:English Pronouncing Dictionary
758:in Australia and New Zealand.
264:Map of the Thracian Chersonese
1:
2560:Zerzevan Castle and Mithraeum
2220:Historical Monuments of Niğde
2091:Archaeological Site of Priene
1987:Related geographical features
1613:McMeekin, Sean (7 May 2012).
1411:Shirinian, George N. (2017).
895:
804:Greco-Turkish War (1919–1922)
584:
2834:Places of the Greek genocide
2584:Anatolian Seljuks Madrasahs
2565:Zeynel Abidin Mosque Complex
2519:Archeological Site of Zeugma
2415:Archaeological Site of Perge
2096:Ayvalık Industrial Landscape
2081:Archaeological Site of Assos
2076:Ancient City of Stratonikeia
1793:travel guide from Wikivoyage
1619:. Harvard University Press.
1135:. Cambridge, Massachusetts:
1049:Library of History, Volume I
858:on the Gallipoli peninsula.
856:cemeteries and war memorials
810:Greco-Turkish War of 1919–22
620:First Balkan War (1912–1913)
204:
172:
2170:Nature Park of Ballıca Cave
1450:Astourian, Stephan (2020).
1228:Lives of Eminent Commanders
851:, where they found refuge.
814:Turkish War of Independence
763:First Lord of the Admiralty
133:
2850:
2215:Historic Town of Beypazarı
2067:The Ancient City of Sardis
1057:Cambridge, Massachusetts:
1017:Cambridge, Massachusetts:
839:, a significant number of
651:
514:
479:it was imperial property.
340:
291:
277:
231:, it was protected by the
193:
166:
134:Chersónisos tis Kallípolis
32:Gallipoli (disambiguation)
29:
2705:
2550:Mardin Cultural Landscape
2435:Güllük Dagi National Park
2395:Ancient City of Anazarbos
2290:Historic Town of Kemaliye
2071:Lydian Tumuli of Bin Tepe
1641:– via Google Books.
1188:Periplus of Pseudo-Scylax
812:, considered part of the
593:Gallipoli became a major
256:Antiquity and Middle Ages
123:Χερσόνησος της Καλλίπολης
122:
2489:Vespasianus Titus Tunnel
2444:Hatay, St. Pierre Church
2225:Ivriz Cultural Landscape
2210:Haci Bektas Veli Complex
1534:. Constantinople . 1919.
1137:Harvard University Press
1059:Harvard University Press
1019:Harvard University Press
423:established his capital
334:, the Thracian tribe of
2410:Ancient City of Korykos
2335:Çanakkale (Dardanelles)
2330:The Bridge of Uzunköprü
2325:The Bridge of Justinian
2285:Historic City of Harput
2250:Sivrihisar Grand Mosque
1575:Parliament of Australia
1237:7 November 2017 at the
1083:Plinius Secundus, Gaius
976:A Greek–English Lexicon
583:The port of Gallipoli,
575:Crimean War (1853–1856)
2609:Çifte Minareli Medrese
2603:Çifte Minareli Medrese
2405:Ancient city of Kibyra
2400:Ancient City of Kaunos
2121:Medieval City of Beçin
2106:Historic Town of Birgi
1906:Peninsulas in Anatolia
1807:17 August 2020 at the
1287:Crowley, Roger. 1453:
1099:. London: H. G. Bohn.
973:(1940). "Καλλίπολις".
675:
667:
590:
561:
555:
487:
469:
417:Alexander's successors
265:
213:
114:
55:
44:
2509:Southeastern Anatolia
2360:Yıldız Palace Complex
1326:Catholic Encyclopedia
1218:25 April 2023 at the
1055:Oldfather, Charles H.
1015:Brownson, Carleton L.
967:Liddell, Henry George
722:Mustafa Kemal Atatürk
673:
665:
582:
569:Vilayet of Adrianople
531:besieged and captured
515:Further information:
485:
398:Battle of Aegospotami
371:Miltiades the Younger
263:
50:
42:
2814:Peninsulas of Turkey
2620:Ince Minaret Medrese
2499:Yivli Minaret Mosque
2350:Nuruosmaniye Complex
2339:Gelibolu (Gallipoli)
2062:Aizanoi Antique City
1897:Gelibolu (Gallipoli)
1885:Peninsulas in Thrace
1857:Peninsulas of Turkey
1198:12 June 2009 at the
1009:Hellenica, Volume II
826:Armistice of Mudanya
492:Eastern Roman Empire
214:Chersonesus Thracica
205:Thrakiké Chersónesos
157:strait to the east.
153:to the west and the
2809:Headlands of Turkey
2794:Geography of Thrace
2784:Gallipoli Peninsula
2756: /
2642:Mountainous Phrygia
2545:The Malabadi Bridge
2469:St. Nicholas Church
1347:on 22 February 2006
1096:The Natural History
1091:Riley, Henry Thomas
854:There are now many
818:Armistice of Mudros
789:Metropolitan bishop
756:"returned soldiers"
413:Alexander the Great
366:Miltiades the Elder
270:Thracian Chersonese
186:Thracian Chersonese
115:Gelibolu Yarımadası
2685:Güvercinada Castle
2295:Ishak Pasha Palace
1871:Anadolu (Anatolia)
1802:Tours of Gallipoli
1133:Perrin, Bernadotte
880:Çanakkale Province
833:Russian White army
680:Gallipoli campaign
676:
668:
654:Gallipoli Campaign
591:
559:) was a district (
517:Sanjak of Gelibolu
501:Republic of Venice
488:
379:Greco-Persian Wars
266:
194:Θρακικὴ Χερσόνησος
56:
45:
18:Gelibolu Peninsula
2760:40.350°N 26.450°E
2739:
2738:
2718:Turkey portal
2478:Saint Paul's Well
2255:Tomb of Ahi Evran
2156:Mahmut Bey Mosque
2101:The Bodrum Castle
2007:
2006:
1593:nzhistory.govt.nz
1463:978-1-78920-450-6
845:Crimean Peninsula
796:. In some cases,
782:labour battalions
767:Winston Churchill
746:) as independent
614:Mediterranean Sea
427:here. In 278 BC,
202:
131:
16:(Redirected from
2841:
2771:
2770:
2768:
2767:
2766:
2761:
2757:
2754:
2753:
2752:
2749:
2727:
2726:
2716:
2715:
2714:
2635:Yakutiye Medrese
2630:Sahabiye Madrasa
2588:Buruciye Medrese
2578:Multiple regions
2430:Eşrefoğlu Mosque
2380:Alahan Monastery
2265:Eastern Anatolia
2185:Central Anatolia
2034:
2027:
2020:
2011:
1855:
1854:
1843:
1836:
1829:
1820:
1789:
1774:
1773:
1771:
1764:
1756:
1750:
1749:
1747:
1745:
1717:
1711:
1710:
1708:
1706:
1691:
1685:
1684:
1682:
1680:
1652:
1643:
1642:
1640:
1638:
1610:
1604:
1603:
1601:
1599:
1585:
1579:
1578:
1567:
1561:
1560:
1558:
1556:
1542:
1536:
1535:
1526:
1513:
1512:
1503:
1497:
1496:
1486:
1480:
1479:
1477:
1475:
1447:
1441:
1440:
1438:
1436:
1408:
1402:
1401:
1393:
1387:
1386:
1384:
1382:
1371:victorianweb.org
1363:
1357:
1356:
1354:
1352:
1343:. Archived from
1337:
1331:
1330:
1312:
1311:
1306:
1300:
1285:
1279:
1278:
1276:
1274:
1247:
1241:
1224:Nepos, Cornelius
1209:
1203:
1172:
1163:
1162:
1160:
1158:
1125:(January 1919).
1119:
1113:
1112:
1110:
1108:
1079:
1073:
1072:
1053:. Translated by
1052:
1045:(January 1933).
1043:Diodorus Siculus
1039:
1033:
1032:
1013:. Translated by
1012:
1005:(January 1921).
999:
993:
992:
990:
988:
963:
954:
953:
933:
900:
897:
862:Turkish Republic
630:Battle of Bulair
626:First Balkan War
589:
586:
566:
558:
552:
539:Savoyard Crusade
522:Ottoman conquest
505:Byzantine Empire
474:
343:
342:
294:
293:
280:
279:
207:
197:
195:
175:
169:
168:
136:
126:
124:
108:
107:
104:
103:
100:
95:
94:
91:
88:
85:
82:
79:
76:
73:
21:
2849:
2848:
2844:
2843:
2842:
2840:
2839:
2838:
2774:
2773:
2764:
2762:
2758:
2755:
2750:
2747:
2745:
2743:
2742:
2740:
2735:
2712:
2710:
2701:
2665:Çandarlı Castle
2655:Akçakoca Castle
2625:Karatay Medrese
2593:Cacabey Medrese
2573:
2510:
2503:
2371:
2364:
2316:
2309:
2266:
2259:
2186:
2179:
2132:
2125:
2053:
2046:
2038:
2008:
2003:
1994:Capes of Turkey
1982:
1963:Kapıdağ (Muğla)
1901:
1880:
1876:Trakya (Thrace)
1864:Main peninsulas
1859:
1849:
1847:
1809:Wayback Machine
1782:
1777:
1769:
1762:
1758:
1757:
1753:
1743:
1741:
1734:
1719:
1718:
1714:
1704:
1702:
1693:
1692:
1688:
1678:
1676:
1669:
1654:
1653:
1646:
1636:
1634:
1627:
1612:
1611:
1607:
1597:
1595:
1587:
1586:
1582:
1569:
1568:
1564:
1554:
1552:
1544:
1543:
1539:
1528:
1527:
1516:
1505:
1504:
1500:
1488:
1487:
1483:
1473:
1471:
1464:
1449:
1448:
1444:
1434:
1432:
1425:
1410:
1409:
1405:
1395:
1394:
1390:
1380:
1378:
1365:
1364:
1360:
1350:
1348:
1339:
1338:
1334:
1318:
1309:
1307:
1303:
1286:
1282:
1272:
1270:
1263:
1249:
1248:
1244:
1239:Wayback Machine
1230:, "Miltiades",
1220:Wayback Machine
1210:
1206:
1200:Wayback Machine
1173:
1166:
1156:
1154:
1147:
1121:
1120:
1116:
1106:
1104:
1081:
1080:
1076:
1069:
1041:
1040:
1036:
1029:
1001:
1000:
996:
986:
984:
965:
964:
957:
951:
935:
934:
930:
926:
898:
888:
864:
841:émigré soldiers
806:
774:Greek residents
691:Bosporus Strait
660:
652:Main articles:
650:
622:
587:
577:
547:Ottoman Turkish
524:
519:
513:
457:Attalid dynasty
346:Cornelius Nepos
258:
253:
97:
70:
66:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2847:
2845:
2837:
2836:
2831:
2826:
2821:
2816:
2811:
2806:
2801:
2796:
2791:
2786:
2776:
2775:
2765:40.350; 26.450
2737:
2736:
2734:
2733:
2721:
2706:
2703:
2702:
2700:
2699:
2698:
2697:
2692:
2690:Sinop Fortress
2687:
2682:
2677:
2672:
2667:
2662:
2657:
2649:
2644:
2639:
2638:
2637:
2632:
2627:
2622:
2617:
2612:
2606:
2600:
2595:
2590:
2581:
2579:
2575:
2574:
2572:
2571:
2562:
2557:
2552:
2547:
2542:
2535:
2530:
2521:
2515:
2513:
2505:
2504:
2502:
2501:
2496:
2491:
2486:
2481:
2474:St.Paul Church
2471:
2466:
2461:
2456:
2451:
2446:
2441:
2432:
2427:
2422:
2417:
2412:
2407:
2402:
2397:
2392:
2387:
2382:
2376:
2374:
2366:
2365:
2363:
2362:
2357:
2352:
2347:
2342:
2332:
2327:
2321:
2319:
2311:
2310:
2308:
2307:
2302:
2297:
2292:
2287:
2282:
2277:
2275:Akdamar Church
2271:
2269:
2261:
2260:
2258:
2257:
2252:
2247:
2242:
2237:
2235:Koramaz Valley
2232:
2227:
2222:
2217:
2212:
2207:
2202:
2197:
2191:
2189:
2181:
2180:
2178:
2177:
2172:
2167:
2158:
2153:
2148:
2143:
2137:
2135:
2127:
2126:
2124:
2123:
2118:
2113:
2108:
2103:
2098:
2093:
2088:
2083:
2078:
2073:
2064:
2058:
2056:
2048:
2047:
2039:
2037:
2036:
2029:
2022:
2014:
2005:
2004:
2002:
2001:
1999:Bays of Turkey
1996:
1990:
1988:
1984:
1983:
1981:
1980:
1975:
1970:
1965:
1960:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1935:
1930:
1925:
1920:
1915:
1909:
1907:
1903:
1902:
1900:
1899:
1894:
1888:
1886:
1882:
1881:
1879:
1878:
1873:
1867:
1865:
1861:
1860:
1848:
1846:
1845:
1838:
1831:
1823:
1817:
1816:
1811:
1799:
1794:
1781:
1780:External links
1778:
1776:
1775:
1751:
1733:978-0674916456
1732:
1712:
1686:
1668:978-1442223196
1667:
1644:
1625:
1605:
1580:
1577:. 6 June 2024.
1562:
1550:www.awm.gov.au
1537:
1514:
1498:
1481:
1462:
1442:
1424:978-1785334320
1423:
1403:
1388:
1358:
1332:
1301:
1280:
1262:978-1844139156
1261:
1242:
1204:
1164:
1145:
1114:
1074:
1067:
1034:
1027:
994:
955:
949:
927:
925:
922:
921:
920:
914:
908:
902:
887:
886:Notable people
884:
863:
860:
805:
802:
778:sea of Marmara
729:Gallipoli Star
699:Constantinople
649:
646:
621:
618:
607:Constantinople
576:
573:
523:
520:
512:
509:
496:Attila the Hun
461:Roman province
381:(499–478 BC).
350:Ancient Greece
257:
254:
252:
249:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2846:
2835:
2832:
2830:
2827:
2825:
2822:
2820:
2817:
2815:
2812:
2810:
2807:
2805:
2802:
2800:
2797:
2795:
2792:
2790:
2787:
2785:
2782:
2781:
2779:
2772:
2769:
2732:
2731:
2722:
2720:
2719:
2708:
2707:
2704:
2696:
2693:
2691:
2688:
2686:
2683:
2681:
2678:
2676:
2673:
2671:
2668:
2666:
2663:
2661:
2660:Amasra Castle
2658:
2656:
2653:
2652:
2650:
2648:
2645:
2643:
2640:
2636:
2633:
2631:
2628:
2626:
2623:
2621:
2618:
2616:
2613:
2610:
2607:
2604:
2601:
2599:
2598:Çifte Medrese
2596:
2594:
2591:
2589:
2586:
2585:
2583:
2582:
2580:
2576:
2570:
2566:
2563:
2561:
2558:
2556:
2553:
2551:
2548:
2546:
2543:
2540:
2536:
2534:
2531:
2529:
2525:
2522:
2520:
2517:
2516:
2514:
2512:
2506:
2500:
2497:
2495:
2492:
2490:
2487:
2485:
2482:
2479:
2475:
2472:
2470:
2467:
2465:
2464:Mamure Castle
2462:
2460:
2457:
2455:
2452:
2450:
2447:
2445:
2442:
2440:
2436:
2433:
2431:
2428:
2426:
2423:
2421:
2418:
2416:
2413:
2411:
2408:
2406:
2403:
2401:
2398:
2396:
2393:
2391:
2388:
2386:
2383:
2381:
2378:
2377:
2375:
2373:
2370:Mediterranean
2367:
2361:
2358:
2356:
2353:
2351:
2348:
2346:
2343:
2340:
2336:
2333:
2331:
2328:
2326:
2323:
2322:
2320:
2318:
2312:
2306:
2303:
2301:
2298:
2296:
2293:
2291:
2288:
2286:
2283:
2281:
2278:
2276:
2273:
2272:
2270:
2268:
2262:
2256:
2253:
2251:
2248:
2246:
2243:
2241:
2238:
2236:
2233:
2231:
2228:
2226:
2223:
2221:
2218:
2216:
2213:
2211:
2208:
2206:
2203:
2201:
2198:
2196:
2193:
2192:
2190:
2188:
2182:
2176:
2173:
2171:
2168:
2166:
2162:
2161:Mount Harşena
2159:
2157:
2154:
2152:
2149:
2147:
2144:
2142:
2139:
2138:
2136:
2134:
2128:
2122:
2119:
2117:
2114:
2112:
2109:
2107:
2104:
2102:
2099:
2097:
2094:
2092:
2089:
2087:
2084:
2082:
2079:
2077:
2074:
2072:
2068:
2065:
2063:
2060:
2059:
2057:
2055:
2049:
2045:
2042:
2035:
2030:
2028:
2023:
2021:
2016:
2015:
2012:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1991:
1989:
1985:
1979:
1976:
1974:
1971:
1969:
1966:
1964:
1961:
1959:
1956:
1954:
1951:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1939:
1936:
1934:
1931:
1929:
1926:
1924:
1921:
1919:
1916:
1914:
1911:
1910:
1908:
1904:
1898:
1895:
1893:
1890:
1889:
1887:
1883:
1877:
1874:
1872:
1869:
1868:
1866:
1862:
1858:
1853:
1844:
1839:
1837:
1832:
1830:
1825:
1824:
1821:
1815:
1812:
1810:
1806:
1803:
1800:
1798:
1795:
1792:
1788:
1784:
1783:
1779:
1768:
1761:
1755:
1752:
1739:
1735:
1729:
1725:
1724:
1716:
1713:
1700:
1696:
1690:
1687:
1674:
1670:
1664:
1660:
1659:
1651:
1649:
1645:
1632:
1628:
1626:9780674058538
1622:
1618:
1617:
1609:
1606:
1594:
1590:
1584:
1581:
1576:
1572:
1566:
1563:
1551:
1547:
1541:
1538:
1533:
1532:
1525:
1523:
1521:
1519:
1515:
1510:
1509:
1502:
1499:
1494:
1493:
1485:
1482:
1469:
1465:
1459:
1455:
1454:
1446:
1443:
1430:
1426:
1420:
1416:
1415:
1407:
1404:
1399:
1392:
1389:
1376:
1372:
1368:
1362:
1359:
1346:
1342:
1336:
1333:
1328:
1327:
1322:
1316:
1315:public domain
1305:
1302:
1298:
1297:1-4013-0850-3
1294:
1290:
1284:
1281:
1268:
1264:
1258:
1254:
1253:
1246:
1243:
1240:
1236:
1233:
1229:
1225:
1221:
1217:
1214:
1208:
1205:
1201:
1197:
1194:
1190:
1189:
1184:
1180:
1179:The Histories
1176:
1171:
1169:
1165:
1152:
1148:
1146:9780674991101
1142:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1129:
1124:
1118:
1115:
1102:
1098:
1097:
1092:
1088:
1087:Bostock, John
1084:
1078:
1075:
1070:
1068:9780674993075
1064:
1060:
1056:
1051:
1050:
1044:
1038:
1035:
1030:
1028:9780674990999
1024:
1020:
1016:
1011:
1010:
1004:
998:
995:
982:
978:
977:
972:
971:Scott, Robert
968:
962:
960:
956:
952:
950:3-12-539683-2
946:
942:
938:
937:Jones, Daniel
932:
929:
923:
918:
915:
912:
909:
906:
903:
893:
890:
889:
885:
883:
881:
877:
873:
869:
861:
859:
857:
852:
850:
846:
842:
838:
837:Pyotr Wrangel
834:
829:
827:
823:
819:
815:
811:
803:
801:
799:
795:
790:
785:
783:
779:
775:
770:
768:
764:
759:
757:
753:
749:
745:
741:
737:
732:
730:
725:
723:
719:
715:
711:
706:
704:
700:
696:
692:
687:
685:
681:
672:
664:
659:
655:
647:
645:
643:
637:
635:
631:
627:
619:
617:
615:
610:
608:
604:
600:
596:
581:
574:
572:
570:
565:
564:
557:
548:
544:
540:
536:
532:
529:
521:
518:
510:
508:
506:
502:
497:
493:
484:
480:
478:
473:
472:
471:ager publicus
466:
462:
458:
454:
450:
446:
442:
441:Antiochus III
438:
434:
430:
429:Celtic tribes
426:
422:
418:
414:
409:
407:
404:, whose king
403:
399:
395:
391:
387:
386:Delian League
382:
380:
376:
372:
367:
363:
359:
355:
351:
347:
337:
333:
330:According to
328:
326:
322:
318:
314:
310:
306:
302:
298:
292:Ἀλωπεκόννησος
288:
284:
275:
271:
262:
255:
250:
248:
246:
242:
238:
234:
230:
226:
225:Gulf of Saros
222:
217:
215:
211:
206:
200:
191:
190:Ancient Greek
187:
183:
179:
174:
163:
158:
156:
152:
148:
144:
140:
135:
129:
120:
116:
112:
106:
64:
61:
53:
49:
41:
37:
33:
19:
2741:
2728:
2709:
2695:Yoros Castle
2680:Galata Tower
2670:Çeşme Castle
1896:
1754:
1742:. Retrieved
1722:
1715:
1703:. Retrieved
1689:
1677:. Retrieved
1657:
1635:. Retrieved
1615:
1608:
1596:. Retrieved
1592:
1583:
1574:
1565:
1553:. Retrieved
1549:
1540:
1530:
1507:
1501:
1491:
1484:
1472:. Retrieved
1452:
1445:
1433:. Retrieved
1413:
1406:
1397:
1391:
1379:. Retrieved
1370:
1361:
1349:. Retrieved
1345:the original
1335:
1324:
1321:"Callipolis"
1304:
1288:
1283:
1271:. Retrieved
1251:
1245:
1227:
1207:
1186:
1178:
1155:. Retrieved
1127:
1117:
1105:. Retrieved
1095:
1077:
1048:
1037:
1008:
997:
985:. Retrieved
975:
940:
931:
865:
853:
830:
821:
816:. After the
807:
786:
771:
760:
733:
726:
707:
688:
677:
638:
623:
611:
592:
525:
489:
410:
383:
352:, mainly of
329:
267:
218:
185:
159:
59:
57:
54:in Gallipoli
36:
2789:Dardanelles
2763: /
2675:Foça Castle
2615:Gök Medrese
2449:Karain Cave
1760:"Ana Sayfa"
1637:25 November
1211:Herodotus,
1157:25 December
1107:20 February
917:Sofia Vembo
911:Mustafa Âlî
899: 1466
892:Ahmed Bican
835:of General
740:New Zealand
628:, the 1913
624:During the
599:Crimean War
588: 1880
563:kaymakamlik
511:Ottoman era
221:Dardanelles
155:Dardanelles
149:, with the
139:East Thrace
2778:Categories
1705:15 October
1474:5 February
1435:5 February
1351:11 October
924:References
849:Yugoslavia
822:Kallipolis
703:ANZAC Cove
697:(formerly
605:(formerly
595:encampment
449:Eumenes II
425:Lysimachia
421:Lysimachus
390:cleruchies
364:statesman
325:Hellespont
278:χερσόνησος
173:Kallípolis
167:Καλλίπολις
151:Aegean Sea
52:ANZAC Cove
2605:(Erzurum)
2539:Tur Abdin
2528:Şanlıurfa
2439:Termessos
2131:Black Sea
1938:Karaburun
1791:Gallipoli
1175:Herodotus
987:28 August
905:Piri Reis
901:), author
752:ANZAC Day
748:dominions
736:Australia
716:failure.
642:Gallipoli
567:) in the
406:Philip II
332:Herodotus
233:Long Wall
229:antiquity
199:romanized
182:antiquity
128:romanized
63:peninsula
60:Gallipoli
2730:Category
2163:and the
2069:and the
1973:Çukurbağ
1968:Bozburun
1943:Güvercin
1805:Archived
1767:Archived
1738:Archived
1699:Archived
1673:Archived
1631:Archived
1468:Archived
1429:Archived
1375:Archived
1341:"Crimea"
1267:Archived
1235:Archived
1216:Archived
1196:Archived
1151:Archived
1123:Plutarch
1101:Archived
1093:(eds.).
1085:(1855).
1003:Xenophon
981:Archived
894:(1398 –
798:Muhacirs
695:Istanbul
603:Istanbul
556:Gelibolu
528:Ottomans
477:Augustus
453:Pergamon
437:Seleucid
375:Persians
362:Athenian
341:Δόλογκοι
178:Gelibolu
145:part of
143:European
2751:26°27′E
2748:40°21′N
2611:(Sivas)
2315:Marmara
1928:Kapıdağ
1923:Armutlu
1918:Kocaeli
1913:Boztepe
1892:Çatalca
1317::
868:Eceabat
710:Ottoman
551:گلیبولو
535:Balkans
433:Galatia
402:Macedon
358:Aeolian
336:Dolonci
301:Madytos
251:History
241:isthmus
201::
130::
111:Turkish
2524:Harran
2511:Region
2459:Kekova
2385:Alanya
2372:Region
2317:Region
2267:Region
2187:Region
2133:Region
2054:Region
2052:Aegean
2041:UNESCO
1953:Bodrum
1730:
1665:
1623:
1598:7 June
1555:7 June
1460:
1421:
1381:2 July
1295:
1259:
1213:vi. 34
1191:, 67 (
1183:vi. 36
1143:
1065:
1025:
947:
876:Şarköy
744:ANZACs
714:Allied
684:Russia
543:Greeks
537:. The
503:, the
445:Romans
394:Sparta
354:Ionian
321:Crimea
313:Europe
305:Elaeus
303:, and
297:Sestos
287:Pactya
283:Cardia
272:(from
245:stadia
239:. The
147:Turkey
141:, the
2345:İznik
1958:Datça
1948:Dilek
1770:(PDF)
1763:(PDF)
1744:3 May
1679:3 May
1273:3 May
1128:Lives
872:Keşan
794:Islam
718:Turks
439:king
431:from
309:wheat
274:Greek
237:Agora
210:Latin
180:. In
164:name
162:Greek
119:Greek
2567:and
2526:and
2437:and
2337:and
1978:Teke
1933:Biga
1746:2021
1728:ISBN
1707:2017
1681:2020
1663:ISBN
1639:2021
1621:ISBN
1600:2024
1557:2024
1476:2022
1458:ISBN
1437:2022
1419:ISBN
1383:2006
1353:2006
1293:ISBN
1275:2020
1257:ISBN
1159:2021
1141:ISBN
1109:2021
1063:ISBN
1023:ISBN
989:2020
945:ISBN
874:and
787:The
742:(or
738:and
656:and
465:Asia
356:and
317:Asia
315:and
58:The
1193:PDF
693:at
609:).
463:of
451:of
295:),
216:).
2780::
2476:,
1765:.
1736:.
1697:.
1671:.
1647:^
1629:.
1591:.
1573:.
1548:.
1517:^
1466:.
1427:.
1373:.
1369:.
1323:.
1265:.
1226:,
1222:;
1181:,
1177:,
1167:^
1149:.
1139:.
1089:;
1061:.
1021:.
969:;
958:^
896:c.
882:.
870:,
765:,
616:.
585:c.
553:,
549::
419:.
327:.
299:,
285:,
212::
208:;
196:,
192::
125:,
121::
117:;
113::
109:;
105:-/
90:əl
2541:)
2033:e
2026:t
2019:v
1842:e
1835:t
1828:v
1748:.
1709:.
1683:.
1602:.
1559:.
1478:.
1439:.
1385:.
1355:.
1299:.
1277:.
1232:1
1202:)
1161:.
1111:.
1071:.
1031:.
338:(
188:(
170:(
102:æ
99:ɡ
96:,
93:i
87:p
84:ɪ
81:l
78:ˈ
75:ə
72:ɡ
69:/
65:(
34:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
