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specificity 99%. In a clinical study conducted the sensitivity of the MTB/RIF test on just 1 sputum sample was 92.2% for culture-positive TB; 98.2% for smear+ and culture-positive cases; and 72.5% for smear-negative, culture-positive cases, with a specificity of 99.2%. Sensitivity and higher specificity were slightly higher when 3 samples were tested.
540:
Boehme, Catharina C.; Nabeta, Pamela; Hillemann, Doris; Nicol, Mark P.; Shenai, Shubhada; Krapp, Fiorella; Allen, Jenny; Tahirli, Rasim; Blakemore, Robert; Rustomjee, Roxana; Milovic, Ana; Jones, Martin; O'Brien, Sean M.; Persing, David H.; Ruesch-Gerdes, Sabine; Gotuzzo, Eduardo; Rodrigues, Camilla;
486:
Helb, Danica; Jones, Martin; Story, Elizabeth; Boehme, Catharina; Wallace, Ellen; Ho, Ken; Kop, Joann; Owens, Michelle R.; Rodgers, Richard; Banada, Padmapriya; Safi, Hassan; Blakemore, Robert; Lan, N. T. Ngoc; Jones-LĂłPez, Edward C.; Levi, Michael; Burday, Michele; Ayakaka, Irene; Mugerwa, Roy D.;
259:
Some concerns have been raised about the Xpert MTB/RIF, including operational issues and cost. The concessional price for a GeneXpert system is currently 32,000 USD for a four module instrument. As of 6 August 2012, the cost of a test cartridge in countries eligible for concessional pricing is $
244:
A review to assess the diagnostic accuracy of Xpert TB found that when used as an initial test to replace smear microscopy it had pooled sensitivity of 89% and specificity of 99% . However, when Xpert TB was used as an add-on for cases of negative smear microscopy the sensitivity was only 67% and
240:
genome in a real time format using fluorescent probes called molecular beacons. Results are obtained from unprocessed sputum samples in 90 minutes, with minimal biohazard and very little technical training required to operate. This test was developed as an on-demand near patient technology which
276:. According to Nguyen Viet Nhung, director of the National Lung Hospital in Hanoi, the test is similar to RT-PCR, gives accurate results within 35–45 minutes for both COVID-19 and tuberculosis, and could work automatically. It is also used for COVID-19 testing at six sites across
235:
from sputum samples, isolates genomic material from the captured bacteria by sonication and subsequently amplifies the genomic DNA by PCR. The process identifies most of the clinically relevant
Rifampicin resistance inducing mutations in the RNA polymerase beta (rpoB) gene in the
338:(lists creators, also states "Gene-based test developer Cepheid of Sunnyvale said Tuesday it has devised a rapid, sensitive diagnostic test for tuberculosis and will make it available at reduced cost in developing countries where the life-threatening disease is widespread.")
1529:
590:
Horne, David J.; Kohli, Mikashmi; Zifodya, Jerry S.; Schiller, Ian; Dendukuri, Nandini; Tollefson, Deanna; Schumacher, Samuel G.; Ochodo, Eleanor A.; Pai, Madhukar; Steingart, Karen R. (7 June 2019).
401:
Rie, Annelies Van; Page-Shipp, Liesl; Scott, Lesley; Sanne, Ian; Stevens, Wendy (2010). "XpertMTB/RIF for point-of-care diagnosis of TB in high-HIV burden, resource-limited countries: Hype or hope?".
729:
1474:
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9.98 USD. As of 30 June 2013, 1,402 GeneXpert systems (comprising 7553 modules) and >3 million Xpert MTB/RIF cartridges had been procured in 88 of the 145 countries under concessional pricing.
76:). The difference between a GeneXpert MTB/RIF test and a GeneXprt test for anything else is swapping out a single reagent, so it would be repetitive to have a separate article for each one (see
1519:
1509:
186:(WHO) endorsed the Xpert MTB/RIF for use in tuberculosis (TB) endemic countries. The announcement followed 18 months of assessing its field effectiveness in tuberculosis, MDR-TB, and TB/
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197:(CDC) in 2015, the Xpert MTB/RIF test was "revolutionizing TB control by contributing to the rapid diagnosis of TB disease and drug resistance. The test simultaneously detects
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Cepheid
Announces European Release of First On-Demand Molecular Test for Simultaneous Detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB) and Resistance to Rifampicin
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McMillan, Bill; Winn-Deen, Emily; Christel, Lee; Dailey, Peter; Perkins, Mark D.; Persing, David H.; Alland, David (2010).
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207:(RIF) in less than 2 hours. In comparison, standard cultures can take 2 to 6 weeks for MTBC to grow and conventional
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had approved the use of GeneXpert, that has been used in
Vietnam tuberculosis prevention network since 2012, for
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This article contains a lot of positive statements with no indication that most of them apply to all automated
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280:. GeneXpert works as a rapid test for COVID-19 with a processing time of around 45 mins and with less cost.
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co-infection. The test may enable the diagnosis of TB in patients likely to be missed by traditional tests.
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592:"Xpert MTB/RIF and Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra for pulmonary tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance in adults"
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1038:
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839:"Old test for the diagnosis of novel corona virus infection: Role of GeneXpert in COVID-19 testing"
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Public-Private
Partnership Announces Immediate 40 Percent Cost Reduction for Rapid TB Test
363:
Small, Peter M.; Pai, Madhukar (2010). "Tuberculosis
Diagnosis — Time for a Game Change".
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38:
Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.
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WHO Roadmap for rolling out Xpert MTB/RIF for rapid diagnosis of TB and MDR-TB
163:(RIF). It was co-developed by the laboratory of Professor David Alland at the
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Phipps
Institute for the Study, Treatment and Prevention of Tuberculosis
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227:. It is based on the Cepheid GeneXpert system, a rapid, simple-to-use
1580:
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1307:
1302:
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and
Rifampin Resistance by Use of On-Demand, Near-Patient Technology"
652:"Rapid molecular detection of tuberculosis and rifampin resistance"
543:"Rapid Molecular Detection of Tuberculosis and Rifampin Resistance"
939:
935:
452:"A New Tool to Diagnose Tuberculosis: The Xpert MTB/RIF Assay"
187:
54:
18:
1475:
European and
Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership
808:"Stigma and weak systems hamper the Somali COVID-19 response"
700:"Negotiated prices for Xpert® MTB/RIF and FIND country list"
241:
could be performed even in a doctor's office if necessary.
1520:
1510:
International Union
Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease
747:
Cepheid inks deals to sell TB test in developing nations
1495:
The Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria
90:
16:
Tuberculosis disgnostic and antibiotic sensitivity test
231:(NAAT). The Xpert® MTB/RIF purifies and concentrates
219:
The Xpert MTB/RIF detects DNA sequences specific for
101:, and by adding encyclopedic content written from a
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1447:
1344:
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1280:
1206:
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World Health Organisation. Retrieved on 1 Sept 2013
310:"Frequently asked questions on Xpert MTB/RIF assay"
897:VIDEO: CNN features use of Xpert MTB/RIF in Uganda
165:University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey
1176:Microscopic Observation Drug Susceptibility assay
892:Frequently Asked Questions on Xpert MTB/RIF assay
442:
440:
80:). The omission of this context means that it
1465:Center for Global Infectious Disease Research
951:
650:, Nabeta P, Hillemann D, et al. (2010).
175:, with additional financial support from the
8:
255:Cepheid (company) § Pricing controversy
72:tests, not just this proprietary brand (see
843:Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care
596:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
1460:Campaign for Access to Essential Medicines
958:
944:
936:
448:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
350:8 December 2010. Retrieved on 12 June 2012
348:"WHO endorses new rapid tuberculosis test"
195:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
909:WHO Xpert technical and operational guide
864:
854:
764:"WHO monitoring of Xpert MTB/RIF rollout"
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623:
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173:Foundation for Innovative New Diagnostics
121:Learn how and when to remove this message
541:Alland, David; Perkins, Mark D. (2010).
396:
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1331:Extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis
358:
356:
302:
1505:International Congress on Tuberculosis
787:from the original on 21 September 2020
403:Expert Review of Molecular Diagnostics
330:Cepheid unveils fast, low cost TB test
82:contains content that is written like
777:"Vietnam to use TB test for Covid-19"
7:
818:from the original on 24 January 2021
706:. FIND. October 2013. Archived from
328:Tansey, Bernadette (25 March 2009).
1336:Totally drug-resistant tuberculosis
233:Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacilli
200:Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex
14:
837:Singh, H.; Dhibar, D. P. (2020).
1500:Global Plan to Stop Tuberculosis
1326:Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis
1069:
806:Jerving, Sara (13 August 2020).
497:Journal of Clinical Microbiology
177:US National Institutes of Health
59:
23:
656:New England Journal of Medicine
547:New England Journal of Medicine
365:New England Journal of Medicine
229:nucleic acid amplification test
139:nucleic acid amplification test
1159:Interferon gamma release assay
1061:Post-tuberculosis lung disease
608:10.1002/14651858.CD009593.pub4
1:
1626:Tuberculosis in human culture
1470:Cure Cottages of Saranac Lake
1455:Adirondack Cottage Sanitarium
736:, Retrieved 15 September 2023
223:and rifampicin resistance by
159:(MTB) DNA and resistance to
1616:Tuberculosis classification
999:Extrapulmonary tuberculosis
856:10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1289_20
147:antibiotic sensitivity test
1678:
1591:List of tuberculosis cases
1110:Mycobacterium tuberculosis
491:Mycobacterium tuberculosis
270:Vietnam Ministry of Health
264:Using for COVID-19 testing
252:
238:Mycobacterium tuberculosis
221:Mycobacterium tuberculosis
156:Mycobacterium tuberculosis
1480:Glen Lake Children's Camp
1439:Edward Livingston Trudeau
1379:Friedrich Franz Friedmann
1067:
1056:Giant multinucleated cell
1029:Tuberculous lymphadenitis
319:Retrieved on 12 June 2012
225:polymerase chain reaction
203:(MTBC) and resistance to
184:World Health Organization
32:This article needs to be
1561:Tuberculosis elimination
1140:Löwenstein–Jensen medium
919:Cepheid website on Xpert
78:Cepheid (company)#System
1566:2007 tuberculosis scare
1346:History of tuberculosis
1149:Chest photofluorography
1089:Mycobacterium africanum
335:San Francisco Chronicle
211:can add 3 more weeks."
1641:World Tuberculosis Day
1631:Tuberculosis radiology
1525:National Jewish Health
1121:Tuberculosis diagnosis
1034:Tuberculous meningitis
983:Pulmonary tuberculosis
182:In December 2010, the
143:tuberculosis diagnosis
1621:Tuberculosis in China
1515:Millennium Foundation
1227:4-Aminosalicylic acid
1134:Auramine phenol stain
1080:Mycobacterium species
976:associated conditions
668:10.1056/nejmoa0907847
559:10.1056/NEJMoa0907847
209:drug resistance tests
149:. It is an automated
137:is a cartridge-based
103:neutral point of view
1571:Baumgarten-Tangl law
1485:Glen Lake Sanatorium
1103:Mycobacterium caprae
1039:Miliary tuberculosis
1014:Canga's bead symptom
974:Symptoms, signs and
509:10.1128/jcm.01463-09
489:"Rapid Detection of
377:10.1056/NEJMe1008496
1535:Stop TB Partnership
1490:Glenn Dale Hospital
1129:Ziehl–Neelsen stain
1096:Mycobacterium bovis
1046:Latent tuberculosis
95:promotional content
1389:Philip D'Arcy Hart
924:2011-02-10 at the
902:2011-10-06 at the
315:2020-08-20 at the
292:(the manufacturer)
153:that can identify
97:and inappropriate
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1154:GeneXpert MTB/RIF
849:(11): 5822–5823.
783:. 8 August 2020.
745:(8 August 2012).
728:(6 August 2012).
662:(11): 1005–1015.
553:(11): 1005–1015.
415:10.1586/erm.10.67
371:(11): 1070–1071.
193:According to the
141:(NAAT) for rapid
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1419:Mario Raviglione
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1004:Caseous necrosis
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1369:Christopher Dye
1364:Albert Calmette
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1354:Manuel de Abreu
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135:Xpert MTB/RIF
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70:real-time PCR
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20:
1611:Sunshine Way
1601:Preventorium
1586:Iowa Cow War
1434:Madonna Swan
1429:Lucius RĂĽedi
1267:Pyrazinamide
1257:Streptomycin
1213:ATC code J04
1191:Mantoux test
1153:
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1009:Pott disease
967:Tuberculosis
846:
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708:the original
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290:Cepheid Inc.
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169:Cepheid Inc.
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93:by removing
89:Please help
81:
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1540:TB Alliance
1404:Robert Koch
1290:BCG vaccine
1262:Bedaquiline
1242:Cycloserine
1237:Capreomycin
1164:QuantiFERON
1138:Culture on
459:CDC website
215:Description
1606:Sanatorium
1424:Carl RĂĽedi
1384:Max Gerson
1319:Resistance
1247:Rifampicin
1232:Ethambutol
1208:Management
1181:Tuberculin
1051:Paronychia
988:Ghon focus
822:26 January
472:2018-05-25
297:References
161:rifampicin
145:and rapid
91:improve it
1298:M72/AS01E
1222:Isoniazid
1196:Tine test
1186:Heaf test
1169:T-SPOT.TB
781:VnExpress
648:Boehme CC
616:1469-493X
167:(UMDNJ),
1656:Category
1596:Plombage
1282:Vaccines
922:Archived
900:Archived
875:33532451
816:Archived
791:8 August
785:Archived
686:20825313
634:31173647
577:20825313
527:19864480
450:(2015),
431:28312109
423:20964612
385:20825320
313:Archived
284:See also
205:rifampin
111:May 2022
44:May 2020
1545:Unitaid
1272:Rifater
1142:and/or
866:7842456
752:Reuters
714:6 April
677:2947799
625:6555588
568:2947799
518:2812290
278:Somalia
179:(NIH).
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1581:ESAT-6
1576:CFP-10
1308:RBCG30
1303:MVA85A
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1554:Other
812:Devex
466:(PDF)
455:(PDF)
427:S2CID
1144:MGIT
871:PMID
824:2021
793:2020
716:2014
682:PMID
630:PMID
612:ISSN
573:PMID
523:PMID
419:PMID
381:PMID
249:Cost
171:and
133:The
861:PMC
851:doi
672:PMC
664:doi
660:363
620:PMC
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