411:. For public related or political matters, Singh always looked towards Subhash Chandra Bose. Bose was considered the Man of Destiny, in which they, Singh, was willing to shed their blood and also let the Japanese attain leadership and support. Singh initially helped Fujiwara take control of the situation of looting and arson that had developed in Alor Star; in December 1941, after meeting with the Japanese commanding general, Singh was convinced of its feasibility of raising an armed Indian unit. Between himself, Pritam Singh and Fujiwara, Mohan Singh set about contacting Indians in the British Indian Army in Southeast Asia and also began recruiting from among those captured by the Japanese in Malaya. All Indian prisoners of war and stragglers were placed under his charge, and he was asked to restore order in the town of Alor Star. From there, he began to conduct what was known as "patriotic education" to raise the army. Thus the nucleus of what came to be the
538:"Desh Shastru Nash Karenge." Gurdial Singh Dhillon established a newspaper known as "Hamara Desh" in December 1947. The volunteer uniforms included a Grey shirt, pajamas and turbans of a similar colour and the soldiers was a Mazri shirt with a turban of the same colour. Their army consisted of an overwhelming majority of Sikhs, but Hindus were also permitted into the force. A women's wing (Istri Sena) and youth wing (Bal Sena) were also formed. By December 1947 the riots had died down to a small ebb, but the organization took a new turn.
454:, he was soon disenchanted with the headquarters of the Japanese Army and doubted their intentions based on their orders. It appeared that they wanted to use the Indian National Army only as a part of the Japanese army and were deliberately withholding recognition and public proclamation about its existence as an independent army. Some supreme commanders of the Japanese army had disagreements with him. On 29 December 1942, Mohan Singh was removed from his command and taken into custody by the Japanese military police.
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44:
353:. Pritam Singh was a leader of such an organisation. He and Major Fujihara, a Japanese officer, requested Mohan Singh to form an Indian Army comprising the captured Indian soldiers. Mohan Singh hesitated but ultimately agreed. Fujihara handed over about 40,000 Indian soldiers, who had surrendered to him, to Mohan Singh. This was the initial step towards the formation of the first
636:. Directly after the incident he had to make a speech at Rataul on the founding anniversary of the Desh Sewak Sena so he had left. In Malerkotla a reign of police terror ensued, 80 citizens of Malerkotla were arrested and many beaten up and injured. Mohan Singh called Socialist Tilak Raj Bhasin to fight cases to free the citizens and free all of them.
673:(they already had 200,000 willing Sikh recruits). Although the Arya Samajist lobby would decry these efforts as a "consolidation of Sikh strength" and a steps towards a power seizure, and under such characterizations Kairon was told by the central government to merge the Punjab Raksha Dal with the
537:
soldiers like himself (the
Senapati), Col. Naranjan Singh Gill, Capt. Rattan Singh, Col. G.S. Dhillon and others included Capt. Surat Singh, Col. Jagir Singh, Bishan Singh, Col. Sri Ram, Col. Fauja Singh and many more. Their war cries were "Desh Sewak Sena, Sada Jeev", "Hamara Desh, Sada Jeev" and
656:
for further reinforcement and manpower, and with the help of the Punjab
Government enlisted an American firm towards the construction of an air suspension factory in Punjab. General Mohan Singh was the first leader of this force which was supported by the Shiromani Akali Dal's Sikhs (at that time
406:
although Pritam Singh was involved to a large extent, it was
Fujiwara who, with his sincerity of purpose and belief, convinced Mohan Singh to betray his oath to the British Crown by uniting with the Japanese mission for the greater motive of Indian independence. This included the promise that he
639:
The Desh Sewak
Movement died down after Mohan Singh declared involvement in the Punjab elections. His followers, the swathes of military-minded youth, wished for Punjab to be soaked in bloodied revolution which Mohan Singh could not support. The Desh Sewak Party had merged with the
345:. Tasked with intelligence gathering and contacting the Indian independence movement, the overseas Chinese, and the Malayan Sultan with the aim of encouraging friendship and cooperation with Japan, Fujiwara's staff included five commissioned officers and two
632:. Mohan Singh had arrived as soon as he heard of the case and gathered a frenzied mob of his Sikh followers who beat the Kotwal to death on public display. He was christened as a new savior of the Punjab, and his fame and stature outmatched that of even
644:
in 1950. Chairman of All-India
Forward Bloc till its merger with Indian National Congress in 1950. From 1956, he became a member of Punjab CC and its executive and election committees, AICC. He was treasurer of the Punjab Congress since 1966.
442:, an Indian revolutionary who had escaped to Japan in June 1915. Through one of the 35 resolutions passed by the conference, Mohan Singh was appointed commander-in-chief of the "Army of Liberation for India," i.e. the Indian National Army.
371:
The
British force in the northern part of the Malaya Peninsula, including Mohan Singh's battalion, 1/14 Punjab Regiment, was fleeing towards the South. Mohan Singh's own forces had been outgunned and destroyed by Japanese forces at
524:
refugees into India. It was originally founded in May 1946. All Sikh jathas had gathered at
Sultanwind to propose a common plan for the future of the Sikh community, to which Mohan Singh had a more far-sighted plan than
569:, had provided the organization with aid, ammunition and helped them train youth and women in the countryside. By earning the trust of the Indian Government his force was not disbanded and continued.
427:(literally translates to Free India Army) to fight for Indian independence from the British rule. For him, the army was to be only formed by Indians, and intended only for use by India.
2223:
580:
as his secondary bases where Anti-India speeches were made targeting Sardar Patel. Capt. Bhag Singh (ex-I.N.A.) had commanded twenty of his troops to take over Kangra Fort in the
2243:
2228:
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for the D.S.S.'s operation, which he used as bases against the government. His main plans were to create a secular dictatorship in Punjab which came through the form of the
434:(National Army of independent India). The new set-up came into being on 1 September 1942 by which time the strength of volunteers had reached 40,000. Mohan Singh, now their
1923:
680:
He was elected a member of the Punjab
Legislative Assembly in 1967. He was a member of the Rajya Sabha for six years and was re-elected to the Rajya Sabha in April, 1972.
2151:
572:
In
January 1948 Sardar Patel had made a speech which offended many Sikhs commenting about the turban and the beard; at this instance Mohan Singh took to arms. He made
388:) is said to have been a man committed to the values which his office was supposed to convey to the expatriate nationalist leaders, and found acceptance among them.
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1957:
991:
472:
Upon Japan's defeat, Mohan Singh was taken into custody by the
British and repatriated to India to face trials. However, due to public pressure, roused by the INA
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1769:
489:
He had to leave his hearth and home in what then became Pakistan and came to India a homeless refugee. He was allotted some land in the village of Jugiana, near
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of May 1948, he was shot dead by police near the fort as well as his associates. The East Punjab Government during Partition gave him large amounts of land in
261:
1457:
1878:
936:
1489:
2238:
2203:
2198:
1277:
1572:
476:, Mohan Singh was only cashiered from the Army. He subsequently served in the Indian Parliament as a member of the Rajya Sabha (Upper House).
2183:
1578:
1202:
1155:
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1090:
946:
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628:, it was a case wherein a Kotwal (high ranking-police officer) had raped an innocent Muslim girl who was going to be married in ten days in
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when his battalion was earmarked for operational service in the Far East. The battalion was still carrying out intensive training at
1436:
1417:
665:). They were to create jathas with thousands of Sikhs willing the enlist, with training on the lines of 1947's jathas, to send to
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2115:
1547:
1385:
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438:, was to command it. During a conference on 15–23 June 1942, the Indian Independence League was created under the leadership of
288:. He was then posted to 1st Battalion, 14th Punjab Regiment on 24 February 1936, which at that time happened to be stationed at
2213:
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1962:
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on 15 February with 85,000 British troops, of whom 45,000 were Indians. Mohan Singh asked for volunteers who would form the
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1973:
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2012:
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1278:"https://indianculture.gov.in/archives/gen-mohan-singh-elected-pk-malaria-new-executive-committee-forward-bloc"
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in nature- though noted to be a personality cult of Mohan Singh. His following increased during the
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Struggles & Memoirs of the Socialists, 1947-1957: Punjab, Pepsu, Haryana & Himachal Pradesh
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to the Far-Eastern front in June 1943 that the Indian National Army was revived in the form of
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325:, on 7 December 1941 and overran the entire South East Asia within a few weeks. The Japanese
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232:). His father died two months before his birth and his mother moved to her parents' home in
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family and was the only son of Tara Singh and Hukam Kaur, a couple from Ugoke village, near
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in December 1940 when he married Jasvant Kaur, the sister of a fellow officer. He left for
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It was only after the arrival of another Indian leader of great political standing,
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1 February 1935 and was posted for a year to a British Army unit, the 2nd battalion
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1527:
1008:"A diary of the partition days 1947 dr ganda singh by Sikh Digital Library - Issuu"
585:
416:
376:. Captured by Japanese troops after several days in the jungle, Singh was taken to
303:
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17:
1589:
384:. Fujiwara, later self-described as "Lawrence of the Indian National Army" (after
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2002:
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1404:"Mohan Singh, General, Soldiers Contribution to Indian Independence Delhi, 1974"
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80:
1918:
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195:. Following Indian independence, Mohan Singh later served in public life as a
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In and out of Parliament he strove for the recognition of the members of his
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260:, he was posted to the 2nd Battalion of the Regiment, then serving in the
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1992:
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A large number of men came forward to join what came to be termed as the
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The Constituent Assembly of India (Legislative) Debates: Official Report
1036:
The Constituent Assembly of India (Legislative) Debates: Official Report
1668:
1628:
1467:
1429:
The Forgotten Army: India's Armed Struggle for Independence, 1942-1945.
753:
Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose and Indian Freedom Struggle (Set in 2 Vols.)
593:
577:
509:
462:
435:
334:
321:
entered the War with her surprise attack on the American Naval base at
268:
in 1931, and after six months' training in Kitchener College, Nowgong (
225:
138:
134:
380:
to Fujiwara and Pritam Singh at a joint office of the F-Kikan and the
589:
573:
521:
1085:. Publications Division Ministry of Information & Broadcasting.
469:. However, Mohan Singh could not be reinstated to the revived army.
450:
Though Mohan Singh had kept a good relationship with the members of
1837:
670:
517:
513:
373:
346:
318:
115:
1147:
History of Pepsu: Patiala and East Punjab States Union, 1948-1956
870:. Ministry of Education and Youth Services, Government of India.
689:
as "freedom fighters" in the cause of the nation's independence.
236:
in the same district, where Mohan Singh was born and brought up.
419:
fell on 11 January 1942 with 3,500 Indian prisoners of war, and
1471:
716:
Mohan Singh died at Jugiana on 26 December 1989 due to cancer.
938:
The Sikh Minority and the Partition of the Punjab 1920-1947
1384:
Assembly, Punjab (India) Legislature Legislative (1964).
1356:. This Century Printing and Publishing Company. May 1963.
256:
in 1927. After the completion of his recruit training at
652:, Mohan Singh raised a rural volunteer force called the
612:
Though the D.S.S. was abolished in 1948, he created the
1315:"https://www.tribuneindia.com/2004/20041226/ldh1.htm"
1236:"https://www.tribuneindia.com/2005/20051226/ldh1.htm"
661:) and the Indian National Congress' Sikhs (headed by
349:-speaking interpreters. His initial contact was with
1387:
Punjab Legislative Assembly Debates: Official Report
561:
all gave their blessings and the Brigadier based in
407:
would be treated as an ally and a friend, and not a
2063:
1983:
1790:
1706:
1597:
1505:
156:
144:
130:
122:
99:
61:
34:
1106:Assembly (Legislative), India Constituent (1948).
1033:Assembly (Legislative), India Constituent (1948).
1390:. Controller of Printing & Stationary Punjab.
1367:Council, Punjab (India) Legislature Legislative.
993:Historic Inquiry Opens: Affidavits Against Kairon
736:Challenge, a Saga of India's Struggle for Freedom
533:. The Sena's top brass consisted of all former
2224:Military history of Malaya during World War II
415:also known as Indian National Army was born.
1483:
8:
1431:, Ann Arbor, University of Michigan Press.,
824:
822:
820:
756:. Deep & Deep Publications. p. 32.
707:Soldiers Contribution to Indian Independence
2244:World War II prisoners of war held by Japan
2229:People from Punjab Province (British India)
272:), and another two and a half years in the
1490:
1476:
1468:
1410:Japanese trained armies in South-East Asia
1128:. P. C. Kapoor at the Citizen Press. 1962.
911:Split Focus: An Involvement in Two Decades
807:
805:
803:
183:, best known for founding and leading the
175:(3 January 1909 – 26 December 1989) was a
42:
31:
739:. People's Publishing House. p. 586.
500:, on October 21, 1947 at Majithia House,
1412:, New York, Columbia University Press,
935:Chatterjee, Chhanda (25 October 2018).
848:The Springing Tiger Subash Chandra Bose
725:
545:took the D.S.S. as a beneficial force,
2234:Rajya Sabha members from Punjab, India
1332:
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1320:
1295:
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1221:Sardar Patel's Correspondence, 1945-50
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894:Sardar Patel's Correspondence, 1945-50
52:) being greeted by the Japanese Major
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508:(D.S.S.) to help protect and escort
148:Founder and the only General of the
811:
1082:Who's Who of Indian Martyrs Vol. I
27:Indian army officer and politician
25:
867:Who's Who of India Martyrs Vol. I
600:, which played a dubious role in
179:officer, and later member of the
1588:
677:; factory plans were cancelled.
493:, where he settled permanently.
1558:Provisional Government of India
1513:Revolutionary conspiracy of WWI
973:Chopra, Mohindar Singh (1997).
341:, chief of intelligence of the
310:with his unit on 4 March 1941.
2239:World War II political leaders
2204:Indian National Army personnel
2199:Indian Military Academy alumni
979:. Military Studies Convention.
295:Mohan Singh had been promoted
1:
1224:. Navajivan Publishing House.
897:. Navajivan Publishing House.
327:Imperial General Headquarters
2184:British Indian Army officers
2096:Japanese occupation of Burma
262:North-West Frontier Province
181:Indian Independence Movement
161:Indian Independence movement
2076:Battaglione Azad Hindoustan
1879:Andaman and Nicobar Islands
1218:Patel, Vallabhbhai (1974).
1197:. Harman Publishing House.
1054:"Not just Bose, Bombay too"
891:Patel, Vallabhbhai (1973).
776:April 1936 Indian Army List
567:Brig. Mohindar Singh Chopra
2260:
2091:Selarang Barracks incident
1112:. Manager of Publications.
1039:. Manager of Publications.
785:July 1941 Indian Army List
395:
364:
150:First Indian National Army
103:26 December 1989 (aged 80)
2126:Malaysian Indian Congress
1586:
1144:Singh, Gursharan (1991).
990:Dar, Abdul Ghani (1963).
908:Hopkinson, Peter (1969).
659:Maharaja Yadavindra Singh
616:as the successor- it was
504:, he had established the
41:
2081:Special Bureau for India
1716:Indian National Congress
1408:Lebra, Joyce C. (1977),
1370:Debates; Official Report
446:Disagreements with Japan
244:Gen. Mohan Singh passed
2209:Indian prisoners of war
1874:Rani of Jhansi Regiment
1619:Indian National Council
976:1947, a Soldier's Story
398:The Farrer Park address
274:Indian Military Academy
264:. He was selected as a
152:and the Desh Sevak Sena
2214:Indian revolutionaries
1827:First Arakan offensive
1427:Fay, Peter W. (1993),
864:Chopra, P. N. (1969).
642:All India Forward Bloc
402:He was the founder of
339:Major Fujiwara Iwaichi
329:in October set up the
2111:India in World War II
2086:Azad Hind Decorations
2018:INA Defence Committee
1832:Hindustan Field Force
1614:Swami Satyananda Puri
1460:17 April 2012 at the
1191:Johar, K. L. (1997).
1177:Dominion Law Reporter
1150:. Konark Publishers.
333:, or the F-kikan, in
205:(Upper House) of the
1884:Mohammed Zaman Kiani
1654:Bidadary Resolutions
1499:Indian National Army
1464:at the Sikh History.
704:Leaves from my Diary
650:1962 Sino-Indian War
535:Indian National Army
527:Kartar Singh Jhabbar
404:Indian National Army
392:Indian National Army
355:Indian National Army
323:Pearl Harbor, Hawaii
250:14th Punjab Regiment
248:and enlisted in the
197:Member of Parliament
185:Indian National Army
1958:Battle of Irrawaddy
1708:Subhas Chandra Bose
1599:Indian Independence
1454:General Mohan Singh
846:Toye, Hugh (1959).
663:Partap Singh Kairon
598:Desh Sewak Movement
498:Partition of Punjab
459:Subhas Chandra Bose
254:British Indian Army
177:British Indian Army
18:General Mohan Singh
2023:Kailash Nath Katju
1968:Surrender of Japan
1963:Battle of Meiktila
1674:Bangkok Conference
750:Ghosh, R. (2006).
733:Ray, N.R. (1984).
626:Kotwal Murder Case
551:C. Rajagopalachari
480:Partition of India
386:Lawrence of Arabia
351:Giani Pritam Singh
280:, he received his
217:He was born in a
165:Partition of India
2161:
2160:
2033:Tej Bahadur Sapru
1909:Rasammah Bhupalan
1812:Fall of Singapore
1775:Death controversy
1738:Bengal Volunteers
1573:Greater East Asia
1330:External link in
1293:External link in
1251:External link in
1204:978-81-86622-19-3
1157:978-81-220-0244-7
1092:978-81-230-2180-5
1014:. 7 November 2016
948:978-0-429-65615-6
921:978-0-246-64468-8
877:978-81-230-2180-5
763:978-81-7629-842-1
698:Congress Unmasked
669:to fight against
654:Punjab Raksha Dal
634:Master Tara Singh
543:Indian Government
531:Master Tara Singh
266:potential officer
207:Indian Parliament
170:
169:
93:
16:(Redirected from
2251:
2043:Jawaharlal Nehru
1953:Battle of Kohima
1948:Battle of Imphal
1802:Battle of Malaya
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1649:Rash Behari Bose
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608:Political career
555:Jawaharlal Nehru
512:caravans out of
440:Rash Behari Bose
367:Malayan Campaign
361:Action in Malaya
337:, Headed by the
314:Second World War
246:secondary school
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54:Fujiwara Iwaichi
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1985:Red Fort trials
1979:
1894:A.D. Loganathan
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1972:
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1933:
1904:Janaki Davar
1899:J.R. Bhonsle
1844:Azad Brigade
1836:
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1748:Forward Bloc
1732:Purna Swaraj
1730:
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1686:Hikari Kikan
1678:
1634:K.P.K. Menon
1609:Pritam Singh
1601:League (IIL)
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1568:Pan Asianism
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1399:Bibliography
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1333:|title=
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193:World War II
172:
171:
85:present-day
56:, April 1942
49:
29:
2179:1989 deaths
2174:1909 births
2141:Joyce Lebra
1817:Farrer Park
1807:Mohan Singh
1548:Barkatullah
1543:Bagha Jatin
1518:Rash Behari
1373:(in Hindi).
1353:The Century
648:During the
496:During the
202:Rajya Sabha
173:Mohan Singh
123:Nationality
36:Mohan Singh
2168:Categories
2008:Shah Nawaz
1919:John Thivy
1869:Tokyo Boys
1726:Sarat Bose
1639:A.M. Sahay
1624:I Fujiwara
1506:Historical
829:Lebra 1977
795:Lebra 1977
675:Home Guard
667:Aksai Chin
657:headed by
630:Malerkotla
396:See also:
282:commission
213:Early life
2146:Hugh Toye
2136:Peter Fay
2116:14th Army
1935:Admin Box
1822:First INA
1764:Azad Hind
1680:Azad Hind
1664:H Iwakuro
1644:S.A. Ayer
1523:Har Dayal
1064:16 August
1018:16 August
1012:issuu.com
720:Reference
618:Socialist
516:and help
421:Singapore
378:Alor Star
343:15th army
297:temporary
106:Jugiana,
50:in turban
2028:Asaf Ali
1721:C.R. Das
1458:Archived
1323:cite web
1286:cite web
1244:cite web
812:Fay 1993
563:Amritsar
502:Amritsar
491:Ludhiana
278:Dehradun
230:Pakistan
228:(now in
222:Jat Sikh
157:Movement
108:Ludhiana
91:Pakistan
1998:Dhillon
1924:Battles
1669:I Kikan
1629:F Kikan
594:Gurgaon
578:Jodhpur
463:Germany
461:, from
436:General
357:(INA).
335:Bangkok
300:Captain
258:Hrozpur
252:of the
234:Badiana
226:Sialkot
219:Ghumman
199:in the
191:during
139:General
135:Soldier
73:Sialkot
48:Singh (
2003:Sahgal
1533:Chatto
1435:
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1201:
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945:
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874:
760:
590:Rohtak
586:Hissar
574:Bombay
510:Muslim
308:Malaya
290:Jhelum
126:Indian
112:Punjab
87:Punjab
77:Punjab
1993:CSDIC
1838:Jiffs
1758:U-180
1528:Ghadr
712:Death
671:China
522:Hindu
514:India
374:Jitra
347:Hindi
319:Japan
116:India
69:Ugoke
2152:more
2054:more
1974:more
1942:U-Go
1794:Army
1781:more
1697:more
1579:more
1433:ISBN
1414:ISBN
1338:help
1301:help
1259:help
1199:ISBN
1152:ISBN
1087:ISBN
1066:2024
1020:2024
943:ISBN
916:ISBN
872:ISBN
758:ISBN
620:and
592:and
576:and
557:and
529:and
520:and
518:Sikh
100:Died
62:Born
382:IIL
209:.
187:in
2170::
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94:)
83:(
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