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increasing health care costs. The Japan
Primary Care Association (JPCA) is currently the largest academic association of family doctors in Japan. The JPCA family medicine training scheme consists of a three-year programme following the two-year internship. The Japanese Medical Specialty Board define the standard of the specialty training programme for board-certified family doctors. Japan has a free access healthcare system meaning patients can bypass primary care services. In addition to family medicine specialists Japan also has ~100,000 organ-specialist primary care clinics. The doctors working in these clinics do not typically have formal training in family medicine. In 2012, the mean consultation length in a family medicine clinic was 10.2 minutes. A review literature has recently been published detailing the context, structure, process, and outcome of family medicine in Japan.
121:
646:
in the United States are lower than average for physicians, with the average being $ 234,000. However, when faced with debt from medical school, most medical students are opting for the higher-paying specialties. Potential ways to increase the number of medical students entering family practice include providing relief from medical education debt through loan-repayment programs and restructuring fee-for-service reimbursement for health care services. Family physicians are trained to manage acute and chronic health issues for an individual simultaneously, yet their appointment slots may average only ten minutes.
477:" or "GP" population that four years of medical school plus a one-year internship was no longer adequate preparation for the breadth of medical knowledge required of the profession. Many of these doctors wanted to see a residency program added to their training; this would not only give them additional training, knowledge, and prestige but would allow for board certification, which was increasingly required to gain hospital privileges. In February 1969, family medicine (then known as family practice) was recognized as a distinct specialty in the U.S. It was the twentieth specialty to be recognized.
371:
maintaining a healthy lifestyle. Family physicians also manage chronic illness, often coordinating care provided by other sub-specialists. Family doctors also practice safety-netting, which involves follow-up assessments for uncertain diagnoses associated with symptoms that could innocuous, but may also be a sign of serious illness. Many
American Family Physicians deliver babies and provide prenatal care. In the U.S., family physicians treat more patients with back pain than any other physician sub-specialist, and about as many as
536:, as well as other specialty boards, are requiring additional participation in continuous learning and self-assessment to enhance clinical knowledge, expertise and skills. The Board has created a program called the "Maintenance of Certification Program for Family Physicians" (MC-FP) which will require family physicians to continuously demonstrate proficiency in four areas of clinical practice: professionalism, self-assessment/lifelong learning, cognitive expertise, and performance in practice. Three hundred hours of
521:, in addition to electives in a wide range of other disciplines. Residents also must provide care for a panel of continuity patients in an outpatient "model practice" for the entire period of residency. The specialty focuses on treating the whole person, acknowledging the effects of all outside influences, through all stages of life. Family physicians will see anyone with any problem, but are experts in common problems. Many family physicians deliver babies in addition to taking care of patients of all ages.
1016:(AFPI). AFPI is the academic association of family physicians with formal full-time residency training (DNB Family Medicine) in Family medicine. Currently there are about two hundred family medicine residency training sites accredited by the National Board of Examination India, providing around 700 training posts annually. However, there are various issues like academic acceptance, accreditation, curriculum development, uniform training standards, faculty development, research in primary care,
278:. Historically, their role was once performed by any doctor with qualifications from a medical school and who works in the community. However, since the 1950s, family medicine / general practice has become a specialty in its own right, with specific training requirements tailored to each country. The names of the specialty emphasize its holistic nature and/or its roots in the family. It is based on knowledge of the patient in the context of the family and the community, focusing on
697:
4445:
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874:'s app, was launched in November 2017 by the Lillie Road Health Centre, a conventional GP practice in west London. It recruited 7000 new patients in its first month, of which 89.6% were between 20 and 45 years old. The service was widely criticized by GPs for cherry picking. Patients with long term medical conditions or who might need home visits were actively discouraged from joining the service.
4485:
1063:
367:, dental surgery and community hearing care providers. The balance of care between primary care and secondary care - which usually refers to hospital-based services - varies from place to place, and with time. In many countries there are initiatives to move services out of hospitals into the community, in the expectation that this will save money and be more convenient.
4465:
4455:
1077:
806:'s Clinical Pharmacists in General Practice programme. There are also moves to employ care navigators, sometimes an enhanced role for a receptionist, to direct patients to different services such as pharmacy and physiotherapy if a doctor is not needed. In September 2017 270 trained care navigators covering 64,000 patients had been employed across
786:
pledged to increase the number of doctors working in general practice by 5,000. There are 3,250 trainee places available in 2017. The GP Career Plus scheme is intended to retain GPs aged over 55 in the profession by providing flexible roles such as providing cover, carrying out specific work such as
607:
To address this shortage, leading family medicine organizations launched an initiative in 2018 to ensure that by 2030, 25% of combined US allopathic and osteopathic medical school seniors select family medicine as their specialty. The initiative is termed the "25 x 2030 Student Choice
Collaborative",
1037:
company - Pathfinder
Healthcare - which plans to build eight primary health centres in India on the British model of general practice. According to Dr Niti Pall, primary health care is very poorly developed in India. These centres will be run commercially. Patients will be charged ₹200 to 300 for an
985:
conducts family medicine residency programmes at the teaching hospitals that it accredits. On successful completion of a three-year residency, candidates are awarded
Diplomate of National Board (Family Medicine). The curriculum of DNB (FM) comprises: (1) medicine and allied sciences; (2) surgery and
926:
General
Practice services in Australia are funded under the Medicare Benefits Scheme (MBS) which is a public health insurance scheme. Australians need a referral from the GP to be able to access specialist care. Most general practitioners work in a general practitioner practice (GPP) with other GPs
645:
The waning interest in family medicine in the U.S. is likely due to several factors, including the lesser prestige associated with the specialty, the lesser pay, the limited ACGME approved fellowship opportunities, and the increasingly frustrating practice environment. Salaries for family physicians
583:
Many sources cite a shortage of family physicians (and also other primary care providers, i.e. internists, pediatricians, and general practitioners). The per capita supply of primary care physicians has increased about 1 percent per year since 1998. A recent decrease in the number of M.D. graduates
382:
Family medicine and family physicians play a vital role in the healthcare system of a country. In the U.S. for example, nearly one in four of all office visits are made to family physicians. That is 208 million office visits each year — nearly 83 million more than the next largest medical specialty.
731:
599 GP practices closed between 2010–11 and 2014–15, while 91 opened and average practice list size increased from 6,610 to 7,171. In 2016 there were 7,613 practices in
England, 958 in Scotland, 454 in Wales and 349 in Northern Ireland. There were 7,435 practices in England and the average practice
657:
Most family physicians in the US practice in solo or small-group private practices or as hospital employees in practices of similar sizes owned by hospitals. However, the specialty is broad and allows for a variety of career options including education, emergency medicine or urgent care, inpatient
939:
in India only in the late 1990s. According to the
National Health Policy – 2002, there is an acute shortage of specialists in family medicine. As family physicians play a very important role in providing affordable and universal health care to people, the Government of India is now promoting the
859:
between 2014 and 2017 the number of telephone and face-to-face contacts between patients and GPs rose by 7.5% although GP numbers have stagnated. The mean consultation length in the UK has increased steadily over time from around 5 minutes in the 1950s to around 9·22 minutes in 2013–2014. This is
603:
indicated the United States would need 139,531 family physicians by 2020 to meet the need for primary medical care. To reach that figure 4,439 family physicians must complete their residencies each year, but currently, the nation is attracting only half the number of future family physicians that
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in need of urgent attention for family medicine to flourish as an academic specialty in India. The government of India has declared Family
Medicine as focus area of human resource development in health sector in the National Health Policy 2002 There is discussion ongoing to employ multi-skilled
989:
The
Medical Council of India permits accredited medical colleges (medical schools) to conduct a similar residency programme in family medicine. On successful completion of three-year residency, candidates are awarded Doctor of Medicine (Family Medicine). A few of the AIIMS institutes have also
943:
There is a severe shortage of postgraduate training seats, causing a lot of struggle, hardship and a career bottleneck for newly qualified doctors just passing out of medical school. The Family Medicine Training seats should ideally fill this gap and allow more doctors to pursue family medicine
473:, two main concerns shaped the advent of family medicine. First, medical specialties and subspecialties increased in popularity, having an adverse effect on the number of physicians in general practice. At the same time, many medical advances were being made and there was concern within the "
1050:
Family medicine was first recognized as specialty in 2015 and currently has approximately 500 certified family doctors. The Japanese government has made a commitment to increase the number of family doctors in an effort to improve the cost-effectiveness and quality of primary care in light of
863:
The proportion of patients in England waiting longer than seven days to see a GP rose from 12.8% in 2012 to 20% in 2017. There were 307 million GP appointments, about a million each working day, with more on Mondays, in the year from November 2017. 40% got a same-day appointment. 2.8 million
370:
Family physicians deliver a range of acute, chronic, and preventive medical care services. In addition to diagnosing and treating illness, they also provide preventive care, including routine checkups, health-risk assessments, immunization and screening tests, and personalized counselling on
893:
85% of patients rate their overall experience of primary care as good in 2016, but practices run by limited companies operating on APMS contracts (a small minority) performed worse on four out of five key indicators - frequency of consulting a preferred doctor, ability to get a convenient
736:
was the largest practice in England in 2014, with 62 partners and more than 100,000 patients. Maintaining general practices in isolated communities has become very challenging, and calls on very different skills and behaviour from that required in large practices where there is increasing
528:, family physicians must complete a residency in family medicine, possess a full and unrestricted medical license, and take a written cognitive examination. Between 2003 and 2009, the process for maintenance of board certification in family medicine is being changed (as well as all other
595:
The number of students entering family medicine residency training has fallen from a high of 3,293 in 1998 to 1,172 in 2008, according to National Residency Matching Program data. Fifty-five family medicine residency programs have closed since 2000, while only 28 programs have opened.
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patients, 10.3%, in October 2018, compared to 9.4% in November 2017, did not see the doctor until at least 21 days after they had booked their appointment, and 1.4 million waited for more than 28 days. More than a million people each month failed to turn up for their appointment.
909:
A new GP contract was announced in June 2018 by the Northern Ireland Department of Health. It included funding for practice-based pharmacists, an extra £1 million for increased indemnity costs, £1.8 million because of population growth, and £1.5 million for premises upgrades.
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allied sciences; (3) maternal and child health; (4) basic sciences and community health. During their three-year residency, candidates receive integrated inpatient and outpatient learning. They also receive field training at community health centres and clinics.
997:'s College of General Practitioners, offers a one-year Diploma in Family Medicine (DFM), a distance education programme of the Postgraduate Institute of Medicine, University of Colombo, Sri Lanka, for doctors with minimum five years of experience in
693:" and would be transferred if necessary to another practice if the patient changed practice. In the UK, unlike many other countries, patients do not normally have direct access to hospital consultants and the GP controls access to secondary care.
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specialization. By 1 October 2018, 47 GP practices in England had a list size of 30,000 or more and the average list size had reached 8,420. In 2019 the average number of registered patients per GP in England has risen since 2018 by 56 to 2,087.
1024:
Three possible models of how family physicians will practise their specialty in India might evolve, namely (1) private practice, (2) practising at primary care clinics/hospitals, (3) practising as consultants at secondary/tertiary care hospitals.
352:, those who want to specialize in family medicine must complete a three-year family medicine residency, after their medical degree (MBBS). They are awarded either a D.N.B. or an M.D. in family medicine. Similar systems exist in other countries.
927:
supported by practice nurses and administrative staff. There is a move to incorporate other health professionals such as pharmacists in to general practice to provide an integrated multidisciplinary healthcare team to deliver primary care.
290:(WONCA), the aim of family medicine is "promoting personal, comprehensive and continuing care for the individual in the context of the family and the community". The issues of values underlying this practice are usually known as
708:
Practices were generally small, often single handed, operating from the doctor's home and often with the doctor's wife acting as a receptionist. When the NHS was established in 1948 there were plans for the building of
1004:
As India's need for primary and secondary levels of health care is enormous, medical educators have called for systemic changes to include family medicine in the undergraduate medical curriculum. Some projects like
744:
in 2019 conducted a survey for GP premises. About half of the 1,011 respondents thought their surgeries were not suitable for present needs, and 78% said they would not be able to handle expected future demands.
683:. In 1938, 43% of the adult population was covered by a panel doctor. When the National Health Service was established in 1948 this extended to the whole population. The practice would be responsible for the
326:, medical knowledge review, patient care oversight through chart audits, practice-based learning through quality improvement projects and retaking the board certification examination every 7 to 10 years. The
1192:
Finley, Caitlin R.; Chan, Derek S.; Garrison, Scott; Korownyk, Christina; Kolber, Michael R.; Campbell, Sandra; Eurich, Dean T.; Lindblad, Adrienne J.; Vandermeer, Ben; Allan, G. Michael (November 2018).
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medicine, international or wilderness medicine, public health, sports medicine, and research. Others choose to practice as consultants to various medical institutions, including insurance companies.
906:
collected undated resignation letters in 2017 from GPs who threatened to leave the NHS and charge consultation fees. They demanded increased funding, more recruitment and improved computer systems.
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3057:
867:
Commercial providers are rare in the UK but a private GP service was established at Poole Road Medical Centre in Bournemouth in 2017 where patients can pay to skip waiting lists to see a doctor.
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started a course called MD in community and family medicine in recent years. Even though there is an acute shortage of qualified family physicians in India, further progress has been slow.
2776:
2328:
1560:"Optimising GPs' communication of advice to facilitate patients' self-care and prompt follow-up when the diagnosis is uncertain: a realist review of 'safety-netting' in primary care"
2722:
2754:
625:
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list size in June 2017 was 7,860. There were 1.35 million patients over 85. There has been a great deal of consolidation into larger practices, especially in England.
649:
In addition to facing a shortage of personnel, physicians in family medicine experience some of the highest rates of burnout among medical specialties, at 47 percent.
802:
to manage the increasingly complex medication regimes of an aging population. In 2017 more than 1,061 practices were employing pharmacists, following the rollout of
327:
2542:
4509:
902:
There have been particularly acute problems in general practice in Northern Ireland as it has proved very difficult to recruit doctors in rural practices. The
822:
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1001:. Since the Medical Council of India requires three-year residency for family medicine specialty, these diplomas are not recognized qualifications in India.
355:
General practice is the term used in many other nations, such as the United Kingdom, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa. Such services are provided by
2222:
716:
In 1953, general practitioners were estimated to be making between 12 and 30 home visits each day and seeing between 15 and 50 patients in their surgeries.
818:
1821:
Martin JC, Avant RF, Bowman MA, Bucholtz JR, Dickinson JR, Evans KL, et al. (Future of Family Medicine Project Leadership Committee) (Mar–Apr 2004).
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degree. Although the residency usually has a duration of two years, graduates may apply to complete a third year, leading to a certification from the
200:
194:
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epidemic in 2020 general practice shifted very quickly to remote working, something which had been progressing very slowly up to that point. In the
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across the country. Every patient was entitled to be on the list, or panel of a general practitioner. In 1911 that only applied to those who paid
3914:
882:
855:
57 million GP consultations in England in 2015 were for minor conditions and illnesses, 5.2 million of them for blocked noses. According to the
396:
In Canada, aspiring family physicians are expected to complete a residency in family medicine from an accredited university after obtaining their
2407:
456:
Concern for family health and medicine in the United States existed as far back as the early 1930s and 40s. The American public health advocate
2925:
401:
338:
2564:
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In Ireland there are about 2,500 General Practitioners working in group practices, primary care centres, single practices and health centres.
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2780:
1013:
612:
600:
529:
344:
The term "family medicine" or "family physician" is used in the United States, Mexico, South America, many European and Asian countries. In
4214:
830:
287:
120:
3329:
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1424:
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who enter primary care residencies. Still, projections indicate that by 2020 the demand for family physicians will exceed their supply.
486:
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degree. Physicians who specialize in family medicine must successfully complete an accredited three or four year long family medicine
1866:
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1742:
620:
533:
319:
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1540:
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warned that it risked 'undermining the quality and continuity of care and further fragmenting the service provided to the public'.
3432:
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Hobbs, F D Richard; Bankhead, Clare; Mukhtar, Toqir; Stevens, Sarah; Perera-Salazar, Rafael; Holt, Tim; Salisbury, Chris (2016).
2749:
680:
568:
4340:
3774:
2827:
Irving, Greg; Neves, Ana Luisa; Dambha-Miller, Hajira; Oishi, Ai; Tagashira, Hiroko; Verho, Anistasiya; Holden, John (2017).
2338:
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982:
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announced a programme designed to recruit around 2,000 GPs from the EU and possibly New Zealand and Australia. According to
589:
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Today, family physicians provide more care for America's underserved and rural populations than any other medical specialty.
307:
206:
639:
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826:
1702:
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appointment, rating of doctor communication skills, ease of contacting the practice by telephone and overall experience.
572:
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3035:
2129:
1963:
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led to a sudden move to remote working. In March 2020 the proportion of telephone appointments increased by over 600%.
852:
537:
341:, after two years of additional education. Continuing education is also a requirement for maintenance of certification.
323:
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1471:
975:
903:
788:
741:
672:
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994:
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practice of family medicine by introducing post-graduate training through DNB (Diplomate National Board) programs.
502:
2498:
2252:
795:
a 1% deterioration in access to general practice can produce a 10% deterioration in emergency department figures.
4514:
4373:
2878:"Clinical workload in UK primary care: A retrospective analysis of 100 million consultations in England, 2007–14"
1021:
doctors with DNB family medicine qualification against specialist posts in NRHM (National Rural Health Mission).
1009:" aid in the growing need for primary care by conducting social awareness workshops and adult vaccination camps.
760:
31:
955:(MBBS), course and has been registered with Indian Medical Council or any state medical council is considered a
4165:
4087:
4082:
4002:
3762:
967:
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that provides continuing and comprehensive health care for the individual and family across all ages, genders,
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which processes up to 3000 consultations per hour. Video calling is used to "see" patients if that is needed.
4145:
4119:
3400:
2802:
330:
requires its diplomates to maintain certification and undergo the process of recertification every 8 years.
3546:"International variations in primary care physician consultation time: a systematic review of 67 countries"
2829:"International variations in primary care physician consultation time: A systematic review of 67 countries"
2429:
1267:
3737:
3685:
2089:
960:
348:, certification in family medicine requires five years working with a tutor, after the medical degree. In
259:
3457:
Takamura A (September 2016). "The new era of postgraduate certified general practice training in Japan".
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1006:
571:. The American Board of Family Medicine and the American Osteopathic Board of Family Medicine both offer
4388:
4274:
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4126:
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reported that "99% of all our work is now online" using a digital triage system linked to the patient's
689:
544:
457:
51:
2044:
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and the following eight family medicine organizations have committed resources to reaching this goal:
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shorter than the mean consultation length in a number of other developed countries around the world.
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311:
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247:
231:
157:
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525:
315:
291:
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2022:
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4335:
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4114:
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1707:
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279:
188:
436:
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Stange KC, Zyzanski SJ, Jaén CR, Callahan EJ, Kelly RB, Gillanders WR, et al. (May 1998).
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in the United States in addition to their medical degree. They are then eligible to sit for a
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Irving G, Neves AL, Dambha-Miller H, Oishi A, Tagashira H, Verho A, Holden J (November 2017).
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Kmietowicz, Zosia (7 January 2006). "A century of general practice". British Medical Journal.
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936:
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494:
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428:
421:
2190:"Illuminating the 'black box'. A description of 4454 patient visits to 138 family physicians"
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4012:
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3616:
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1838:
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1587:
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1368:
1302:
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998:
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in 2016 promised £2.4 billion (14%) real-terms increase in the budget for general practice.
676:
283:
268:
2700:
1359:
Simon, Chantal (2009). "From Generalism to Specialty—A Short History of General Practice".
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792:
556:
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409:
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1823:"The Future of Family Medicine: a collaborative project of the family medicine community"
951:, they are not identical in India. A medical graduate who has successfully completed the
443:(Ph.D.) in family medicine, which predominantly consists of a research-oriented program.
3310:
Minimum Qualifications for Teachers in Medical Institutions Regulations - 1998, table 1.
3190:
696:
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4007:
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1559:
1307:
1290:
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1134:
871:
856:
684:
560:
235:
3301:
Bulletin of Information for Diplomate of National Board in Family Medicine (New Rules)
2893:
1558:
Friedemann Smith, Claire; Lunn, Hannah; Wong, Geoff; Nicholson, Brian D (2022-07-01).
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4182:
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2001:
Testimony Before the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions, U.S. Senate
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requires three-year residency for family medicine specialty, leading to the award of
836:
710:
376:
81:
3486:
2970:"NHS GP practice sets up a private service - by paying up to £145 to jump the queue"
1380:
4458:
4398:
4383:
4209:
3934:
3784:
3769:
3715:
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Bodenheimer T, Grumbach K, Berenson RA (June 2009). "A lifeline for primary care".
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careers. However, the uptake, awareness and development of this specialty is slow.
756:
753:
470:
251:
89:
65:
47:
3470:
1799:
1338:
599:
In 2006, when the nation had 100,431 family physicians, a workforce report by the
4257:
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2106:
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803:
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within the prior six years is also required to be eligible to sit for the exam.
322:
requires its diplomates to maintain certification through an ongoing process of
17:
4345:
2587:"NHS England says almost 90% of GPs work part time in response to Pulse survey"
1650:
435:, graduates from family medicine residency programs are eligible to complete a
4230:
4197:
3969:
3919:
3904:
3899:
3892:
3877:
3867:
3403:. Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India. Archived from
2609:"Jeremy Hunt: The NHS is turning a corner - and I want GPs at the heart of it"
1575:
1372:
1058:
799:
552:
518:
506:
498:
413:
97:
3383:"Diagnostic camp for women for the awareness of breast cancer and diabetes".
3248:
3175:
1738:
1583:
1498:"Principles | About CFPC | The College of Family Physicians Canada"
1210:
4418:
4160:
4155:
4019:
3997:
3872:
3836:
3232:"Family Medicine: A Solution for Career Inequalities among Doctors in India"
3123:
1475:
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1091:
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who has completed specialist training in the discipline of family medicine.
814:
807:
493:
training in family medicine. Their residency training includes rotations in
364:
93:
85:
73:
3630:
3579:
3478:
3267:
3209:
2911:
2862:
2174:
2115:
1993:
1852:
1785:
1666:
1635:
1601:
1316:
1228:
810:. It was estimated that they had saved 930 GP hours over a 10-month trial.
2208:
1062:
3924:
3701:
2166:
1940:
1896:
1720:
Bailey B. Burritt, known as "the father of the family health movement"...
432:
223:
169:
77:
2777:"Millions of 'unnecessary' GP visits are for coughs and colds, says LGA"
2565:"Primary care has transformed into a 'dial-in' or 'click first' service"
4403:
3863:
3831:
3724:
3281:
1541:"Safety-netting in general practice: how to manage uncertain diagnoses"
833:
have taken over multiple GP practices in the interests of integration.
701:
510:
318:
examination, which is now required by most hospitals and health plans.
255:
3452:
3450:
3166:
3149:
2992:"Cherry picking fears confirmed as 7,000 new patients join GP at Hand"
584:
pursuing a residency in primary care has been offset by the number of
3611:
1107:
345:
334:
227:
125:
Family physician (right) reviewing a case with nurse (left) in clinic
1834:
363:
in the UK may also include services provided by community pharmacy,
3503:
Takemura Y (2003). "Family medicine: What does it mean in Japan?".
3014:"Official data demonstrates rapid rise of remote GP consultations"
2948:"One in 10 patients waiting three weeks to see GP, figures reveal"
1964:"Primary-Care Doctor Shortage May Undermine Health Reform Efforts"
1918:
1012:
Recently, the residency-trained family physicians have formed the
695:
349:
3404:
2723:"How is primary and secondary care integration impacting trusts?"
1497:
671:
The pattern of services in the UK was largely established by the
3652:
American Medical Schools and the Practice of Medicine: A History
2090:"Collaborating to Achieve the Optimal Family Medicine Workforce"
69:
3674:
2926:"More patients waiting longer than a week for GP appointments"
2223:"Physician burnout: It's not you, it's your medical specialty"
2088:
Kelly C, Coutinho AJ, Goldgar C, et al. (February 2019).
1994:"Recent Supply Trends, Projections, and Valuation of Services"
787:
managing long-term conditions, or doing home visits. In July
2701:"Primary care 'Care navigators' to help free up GP schedules"
2455:"Number of GP practices drops by more than 650 in four years"
2362:"The evolving role and nature of general practice in England"
2067:"AAFP Hosts Launch of 25 x 2030 Student Choice Collaborative"
1764:"Primary Care: Will more family doctors improve health care?"
3418:
3319:
Postgraduate Medical Education Regulations 2000, schedule A.
2521:"Number of registered patients per GP rises to almost 2,100"
1893:"Maintenance of Certification for Family Physicians (MC-FP)"
3670:
2679:"Revealed: Next 67 areas recruiting 'clinical pharmacists'"
2499:"Sharp rise in GP practices with more than 30,000 patients"
302:
Family physicians in the United States must hold either an
460:
was labeled "the father of the family health movement" by
258:, and parts of the body. The specialist, who is usually a
3102:"Funding boost for general practice in Northern Ireland"
1361:
Innovait: Education and Inspiration for General Practice
1033:
A group of 15 doctors based in Birmingham have set up a
3036:"GP services run by private firms 'worse for patients'"
2779:. Commissioning Review. 7 November 2016. Archived from
1732:
1730:
1728:
1094:– Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System
532:) to a series of yearly tests on differing areas. The
2543:"Half of all GP surgery buildings 'unfit' for purpose"
1195:"What are the most common conditions in primary care?"
675:
which established the list system which came from the
770:, almost 90% of salaried GPs were working part-time.
3204:(9). Society of Teachers of Family Medicine: 671–2.
2822:
2820:
1624:
The Journal of the American Board of Family Practice
1519:"Family Medicine, Scope and Philosophical Statement"
485:
Family physicians complete an undergraduate degree,
4361:
4299:
4060:
3988:
3943:
3852:
3723:
3708:
3595:"Building primary care in Japan: Literature review"
3433:"GPs export NHS model of general practice to India"
3080:"NI GPs move step closer to leaving health service"
1895:. American Board of Family Medicine. Archived from
1869:. American Board of Family Medicine. Archived from
215:
180:
175:
163:
151:
143:
135:
130:
103:
58:
42:
3649:
3191:"Practicing and Teaching Family Medicine in India"
2748:
633:Association of Family Medicine Residency Directors
2725:. Healthcare Leader. 22 June 2017. Archived from
1651:"Evaluation and treatment of acute low back pain"
626:American College of Osteopathic Family Physicians
590:graduates of international medical schools (IMGs)
3498:
3496:
3150:"The pharmacist in a primary healthcare setting"
2803:"GP contacts with patients up 7.5% in two years"
2655:. Healthcare Leader. 1 July 2017. Archived from
2251:. Family Medicine Interest Group. Archived from
2003:. United States Government Accountability Office
1617:"Obstetrics in family medicine: can it survive?"
1098:Classification of Pharmaco-Therapeutic Referrals
935:Family medicine (FM) came to be recognized as a
617:American Academy of Family Physicians Foundation
1331:"A oral history of general practice - homepage"
328:American Osteopathic Board of Family Physicians
2545:. Building Better Healthcare. 27 February 2019
3686:
947:Although family medicine is sometimes called
823:Yeovil District Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
630:Association of Departments of Family Medicine
8:
2750:"'GP federations' are the future of the NHS"
1919:"Fellowship Directory for Family Physicians"
1291:"A history of general practice in australia"
1119:International Classification of Primary Care
113:
37:
3236:Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care
2703:. Pharmaceutical Journal. 28 September 2017
2477:"Embracing island life as a GP in Shetland"
2408:"Nearly 600 GP practices closed since 2010"
819:Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust
724:Today, the services are provided under the
333:Physicians certified in family medicine in
3975:Reproductive endocrinology and infertility
3720:
3693:
3679:
3671:
3282:"Welcome To National Board Of Examination"
1988:
1986:
1984:
1703:"B. B. Burritt Honored as Health Advocate"
1110:– International Classification of Diseases
1038:initial consultation, and prescribed only
636:North American Primary Care Research Group
119:
4316:Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery
3620:
3610:
3569:
3257:
3247:
3165:
3154:Journal of Pharmacy Practice and Research
3124:"General Practitioners or Family Doctors"
2901:
2852:
2435:. British Medical Association. April 2017
2391:
2105:
1842:
1591:
1306:
1218:
953:Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery
201:Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery
195:Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery
3148:Page, Amy T.; Somers, George T. (2015).
3419:"Academy of Family Physicians of India"
3359:"Rethinking medical education in India"
3016:. Health Service Journal. 30 April 2020
2567:. Health Service Journal. 27 March 2020
2069:. American Academy of Family Physicians
2047:. American Academy of Family Physicians
2025:. American Academy of Family Physicians
1921:. American Academy of Family Physicians
1683:. American Academy of Family Physicians
1521:. American Academy of Family Physicians
1395:"Definitions, What is Family Medicine?"
1268:"Family Medicine Specialty Description"
1184:
1147:
883:COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom
3599:Journal of General and Family Medicine
2972:. Southern Daily Echo. 6 February 2017
2681:. Chemist & Druggist. 18 July 2017
2633:. Health Service Journal. 17 July 2017
2631:"NHS to recruit 2,000 GPs from abroad"
2410:. Health Service Journal. 14 July 2015
1941:"Certificates of Added Qualifications"
1786:"All providers in pediatrics category"
1042:, dispensed from attached pharmacies.
640:Society of Teachers of Family Medicine
489:, and three more years of specialized
402:College of Family Physicians of Canada
339:College of Family Physicians of Canada
112:
36:
2330:Royal Commission on the NHS Chapter 7
1399:American Academy of Family Physicians
1014:Academy of Family Physicians of India
613:American Academy of Family Physicians
601:American Academy of Family Physicians
7:
4510:Family medicine in the United States
4454:
4215:Physical medicine and rehabilitation
3060:. Belfast Telegraph. 19 January 2017
2130:"What family physicians are earning"
959:. A family physician, however, is a
870:GP at Hand, an online service using
831:Southern Health NHS Foundation Trust
667:History of general practice services
573:Certificates of Added Qualifications
288:World Organization of Family Doctors
4464:
2155:The New England Journal of Medicine
2045:"Family Physician Workforce Reform"
1943:. American Board of Family Medicine
1802:. American Board of Family Medicine
4351:Medical Scientist Training Program
2653:"10 ways a vanguard improved care"
1447:"Choosing a Primary Care Provider"
839:have become popular among English
778:The GP Forward View, published by
452:History of medical family practice
25:
3533:. Japan Primary Care Association.
3357:Zachariah P (September 9, 2009).
3339:. 6 February 2009. Archived from
2023:"2009 Match Summary and Analysis"
1743:American Board of Family Medicine
1451:Medline Plus Medical Encyclopedia
1247:American Board of Family Medicine
726:General Medical Services Contract
621:American Board of Family Medicine
534:American Board of Family Medicine
320:American Board of Family Medicine
4483:
4473:
4463:
4453:
4444:
4443:
3517:10.1111/j.1444-1683.2003.00094.x
1075:
1061:
681:National insurance contributions
575:(CAQs) in each of these topics.
4484:
2757:from the original on 2022-01-12
798:GPs are increasingly employing
700:Paper based patient records at
569:hospice and palliative medicine
4341:Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine
3775:Oral and maxillofacial surgery
3058:"2o GP surgeries face closure"
2197:The Journal of Family Practice
1270:. American Medical Association
983:National Board of Examinations
728:, which is regularly revised.
427:In some institutions, such as
207:Doctor of Osteopathic medicine
1:
3648:William G. Rothstein (1987).
3471:10.1080/14739879.2016.1220235
3401:"National Health Policy 2002"
3284:. Natboard.edu.in. 2012-10-17
2994:. GP Online. 18 December 2017
2894:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)00620-6
1681:"Facts About Family Medicine"
1154:Less commonly referred to as
827:Royal Wolverhampton NHS Trust
579:Shortage of family physicians
547:in several fields, including
543:Family physicians may pursue
266:. It is often referred to as
4321:Bachelor of Medical Sciences
4088:Neurosurgical anesthesiology
3505:Asia Pacific Family Medicine
3038:. GP Online. 3 November 2017
2753:. Telegraph. 11 March 2010.
2501:. GP Online. 16 October 2018
2430:"General practice in the UK"
2227:American Medical Association
853:Local Government Association
538:continuing medical education
418:sports and exercise medicine
324:continuing medical education
3656:. Oxford University Press.
3562:10.1136/bmjopen-2017-017902
3082:. BBC News. 25 January 2017
2845:10.1136/bmjopen-2017-017902
2107:10.22454/FamMed.2019.926312
1615:Nesbitt TS (Jan–Feb 2002).
976:Diplomate of National Board
974:(MD) in Family Medicine or
904:British Medical Association
742:British Medical Association
673:National Insurance Act 1911
4531:
3459:Education for Primary Care
3337:Indian Medical Association
2367:. Kings Fund. 2 March 2011
2274:Timmins, Nicholas (1995).
1962:Halsey A (June 20, 2009).
1762:Adams B (March 17, 1995).
1739:"History of the Specialty"
1243:"Definitions and Policies"
995:Indian Medical Association
978:(DNB) in Family Medicine.
748:Under the pressure of the
337:are certified through the
29:
4439:
2611:. GP Online. 20 June 2017
2457:. GP Online. 20 June 2017
1827:Annals of Family Medicine
1655:American Family Physician
1576:10.1136/bmjqs-2021-014529
1295:Canadian Family Physician
1199:Canadian Family Physician
761:electronic patient record
530:American Specialty Boards
118:
114:Family medicine physician
32:Family Practice (journal)
4275:Transplantation medicine
4166:Clinical neurophysiology
4083:Obstetric anesthesiology
4003:Interventional radiology
3763:Digestive system surgery
3249:10.4103/2249-4863.120713
3128:Health Service Executive
3104:. OnMedica. 11 June 2018
2805:. GP Online. 1 June 2017
2278:. Fontana. p. 107.
1867:"Certification Policies"
1649:Kinkade S (April 2007).
1564:BMJ Quality & Safety
1472:"Certificates/Longevity"
968:Medical Council of India
272:and a practitioner as a
4146:Intensive care medicine
4120:Mass gathering medicine
3965:Maternal–fetal medicine
3435:. Pulse. 4 January 2012
2928:. Guardian. 6 July 2017
2300:"Lloyd George Envelope"
1474:. AOBFP. Archived from
1373:10.1093/innovait/inn171
404:in disciplines such as
3738:Cardiothoracic surgery
3230:Beswal G (July 2013).
2950:. ITV. 7 December 2018
1425:"Global Family Doctor"
961:primary care physician
713:, but few were built.
705:
481:Education and training
392:Education and training
260:primary care physician
4389:Personalized medicine
4248:Reproductive medicine
4173:Occupational medicine
4127:Evolutionary medicine
3593:Kato D (April 2019).
3346:on February 17, 2010.
2523:. Pulse. 11 July 2019
2479:. Pulse. 27 June 2016
1289:Gandevia, B. (1971).
1168:or, more informally,
841:general practitioners
766:In 2019 according to
699:
690:Lloyd George envelope
687:which was kept in a "
503:obstetrics-gynecology
458:Bailey Barton Burritt
357:general practitioners
232:emergency departments
52:preventive healthcare
30:For the journal, see
4409:Traditional medicine
4369:Alternative medicine
4236:Addiction psychiatry
4050:Transfusion medicine
4045:Medical microbiology
3960:Gynecologic oncology
3812:Reproductive surgery
2888:(10035): 2323–2330.
2255:on 15 September 2010
2167:10.1056/NEJMp0902909
1829:. 2 Suppl 1: S3-32.
957:general practitioner
889:Patient satisfaction
475:general practitioner
447:In the United States
441:Doctor of Philosophy
286:. According to the
275:general practitioner
4431:History of medicine
4414:Veterinary medicine
4221:Preventive medicine
4073:Adolescent medicine
3915:Infectious diseases
3407:on 4 November 2010.
3389:. 29 December 2017.
2589:. Pulse. 8 May 2019
2333:. HMSO. July 1979.
1968:The Washington Post
1478:on 30 December 2010
1405:on 22 November 2008
1335:personal.rhul.ac.uk
1130:Referral (medicine)
1007:Buzurgo Ka Humsafar
734:Lakeside Healthcare
524:In order to become
414:care of the elderly
316:board certification
292:primary care ethics
115:
39:
4379:Molecular oncology
4336:Doctor of Medicine
4326:Master of Medicine
4243:Radiation oncology
4115:Emergency medicine
4068:Addiction medicine
4035:Clinical chemistry
4030:Clinical pathology
3822:Transplant surgery
3780:Orthopedic surgery
3758:Colorectal surgery
3189:Abraham S (2007).
2249:"Practice Options"
1873:on 10 January 2016
1800:"Patient Brochure"
1711:. October 25, 1944
1708:The New York Times
1547:. 17 January 2023.
972:Doctor of Medicine
706:
704:Health Centre 2012
677:friendly societies
553:geriatric medicine
515:emergency medicine
463:The New York Times
424:, amongst others.
406:emergency medicine
398:Doctor of Medicine
280:disease prevention
189:Doctor of Medicine
182:Education required
4497:
4496:
4331:Master of Surgery
4295:
4294:
4280:Tropical medicine
4226:Prison healthcare
4141:Hospital medicine
4105:Disaster medicine
4095:Aviation medicine
3910:Hospital medicine
3817:Surgical oncology
3802:Pediatric surgery
3796:
3743:Endocrine surgery
3663:978-0-19-536471-2
3167:10.1002/jppr.1136
1899:on 3 January 2011
1435:on 20 March 2012.
1035:social enterprise
937:medical specialty
851:According to the
565:hospital medicine
495:internal medicine
491:medical residency
429:McGill University
298:Scope of practice
241:
240:
111:
110:
27:Medical specialty
16:(Redirected from
4522:
4515:General practice
4487:
4486:
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4467:
4466:
4457:
4456:
4447:
4446:
4151:Medical genetics
4136:General practice
4013:Nuclear medicine
3888:Gastroenterology
3844:Vascular surgery
3794:
3721:
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3612:10.1002/jgf2.252
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1431:. Archived from
1421:
1415:
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1410:
1401:. Archived from
1391:
1385:
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1337:. Archived from
1327:
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1103:General practice
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1069:Economics portal
1066:
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999:general practice
949:general practice
898:Northern Ireland
720:Current practice
653:Current practice
604:will be needed.
284:health promotion
269:general practice
264:family physician
165:Activity sectors
123:
116:
107:Family physician
62:
40:
21:
18:General Practice
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4424:Chief physician
4357:
4302:
4291:
4285:Travel medicine
4270:Sports medicine
4253:Sexual medicine
4193:Palliative care
4188:Pain management
4132:Family medicine
4110:Diving medicine
4056:
3984:
3946:
3939:
3855:
3848:
3807:Plastic surgery
3753:General surgery
3733:Cardiac surgery
3714:
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3642:Further reading
3639:
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3556:(10): e017902.
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3198:Family Medicine
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2760:
2758:
2747:
2746:
2742:
2732:
2730:
2721:
2720:
2716:
2706:
2704:
2699:
2698:
2694:
2684:
2682:
2677:
2676:
2672:
2662:
2660:
2651:
2650:
2646:
2636:
2634:
2629:
2628:
2624:
2614:
2612:
2607:
2606:
2602:
2592:
2590:
2585:
2584:
2580:
2570:
2568:
2563:
2562:
2558:
2548:
2546:
2541:
2540:
2536:
2526:
2524:
2519:
2518:
2514:
2504:
2502:
2497:
2496:
2492:
2482:
2480:
2475:
2474:
2470:
2460:
2458:
2453:
2452:
2448:
2438:
2436:
2432:
2428:
2427:
2423:
2413:
2411:
2406:
2405:
2401:
2385:
2384:
2380:
2370:
2368:
2364:
2360:
2359:
2355:
2345:
2343:
2341:
2327:
2326:
2322:
2313:
2311:
2298:
2297:
2293:
2286:
2276:The five giants
2273:
2272:
2268:
2258:
2256:
2247:
2246:
2242:
2232:
2230:
2229:. 3 August 2020
2221:
2220:
2216:
2192:
2187:
2186:
2182:
2152:
2151:
2147:
2138:
2136:
2128:
2127:
2123:
2094:Family Medicine
2087:
2086:
2082:
2072:
2070:
2065:
2064:
2060:
2050:
2048:
2043:
2042:
2038:
2028:
2026:
2021:
2020:
2016:
2006:
2004:
1996:
1992:
1991:
1982:
1972:
1970:
1961:
1960:
1956:
1946:
1944:
1939:
1938:
1934:
1924:
1922:
1917:
1916:
1912:
1902:
1900:
1891:
1890:
1886:
1876:
1874:
1865:
1864:
1860:
1835:10.1370/afm.130
1820:
1819:
1815:
1805:
1803:
1798:
1797:
1793:
1784:
1783:
1779:
1761:
1760:
1756:
1747:
1745:
1736:
1735:
1726:
1714:
1712:
1701:
1700:
1696:
1686:
1684:
1679:
1678:
1674:
1648:
1647:
1643:
1619:
1614:
1613:
1609:
1557:
1556:
1552:
1539:
1538:
1534:
1524:
1522:
1517:
1516:
1512:
1503:
1501:
1496:
1495:
1491:
1481:
1479:
1470:
1469:
1465:
1455:
1453:
1445:
1444:
1440:
1423:
1422:
1418:
1408:
1406:
1393:
1392:
1388:
1358:
1357:
1353:
1344:
1342:
1329:
1328:
1324:
1288:
1287:
1283:
1273:
1271:
1266:
1265:
1261:
1251:
1249:
1241:
1240:
1236:
1205:(11): 832–840.
1191:
1190:
1186:
1181:
1176:
1175:
1167:
1163:
1157:family practice
1153:
1149:
1144:
1139:
1083:Medicine portal
1081:
1076:
1074:
1067:
1060:
1057:
1048:
1031:
933:
924:
916:
900:
891:
876:Richard Vautrey
849:
793:NHS Improvement
776:
722:
669:
664:
655:
581:
557:sports medicine
526:board certified
483:
454:
449:
437:master's degree
410:palliative care
394:
389:
300:
244:Family medicine
220:
218:
183:
166:
154:
153:Occupation type
126:
60:
38:Family medicine
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4528:
4526:
4518:
4517:
4512:
4502:
4501:
4495:
4494:
4492:
4491:
4481:
4471:
4461:
4451:
4440:
4437:
4436:
4434:
4433:
4428:
4427:
4426:
4416:
4411:
4406:
4401:
4396:
4391:
4386:
4381:
4376:
4371:
4365:
4363:
4362:Related topics
4359:
4358:
4356:
4355:
4354:
4353:
4343:
4338:
4333:
4328:
4323:
4318:
4313:
4311:Medical school
4307:
4305:
4297:
4296:
4293:
4292:
4290:
4289:
4288:
4287:
4277:
4272:
4267:
4265:Sleep medicine
4262:
4261:
4260:
4250:
4245:
4240:
4239:
4238:
4228:
4223:
4218:
4212:
4207:
4206:
4205:
4195:
4190:
4185:
4180:
4175:
4170:
4169:
4168:
4158:
4153:
4148:
4143:
4138:
4129:
4124:
4123:
4122:
4112:
4107:
4102:
4097:
4092:
4091:
4090:
4085:
4078:Anesthesiology
4075:
4070:
4064:
4062:
4058:
4057:
4055:
4054:
4053:
4052:
4047:
4042:
4037:
4032:
4027:
4017:
4016:
4015:
4010:
4008:Neuroradiology
4005:
3994:
3992:
3986:
3985:
3983:
3982:
3977:
3972:
3967:
3962:
3957:
3951:
3949:
3945:Obstetrics and
3941:
3940:
3938:
3937:
3932:
3927:
3922:
3917:
3912:
3907:
3902:
3897:
3896:
3895:
3885:
3880:
3875:
3870:
3860:
3858:
3850:
3849:
3847:
3846:
3841:
3840:
3839:
3829:
3827:Trauma surgery
3824:
3819:
3814:
3809:
3804:
3799:
3798:
3797:
3790:Otolaryngology
3787:
3782:
3777:
3772:
3767:
3766:
3765:
3760:
3750:
3745:
3740:
3735:
3729:
3727:
3718:
3716:subspecialties
3706:
3705:
3700:
3698:
3697:
3690:
3683:
3675:
3669:
3668:
3662:
3643:
3640:
3637:
3636:
3605:(5): 170–179.
3585:
3536:
3522:
3511:(4): 188–192.
3492:
3465:(5): 409–412.
3446:
3424:
3410:
3392:
3386:Dainik Bhaskar
3375:
3349:
3321:
3312:
3303:
3294:
3273:
3222:
3181:
3160:(3): 257–258.
3140:
3115:
3093:
3071:
3049:
3027:
3005:
2983:
2961:
2939:
2917:
2868:
2816:
2794:
2768:
2740:
2714:
2692:
2670:
2644:
2622:
2600:
2578:
2556:
2534:
2512:
2490:
2468:
2446:
2421:
2399:
2378:
2353:
2339:
2320:
2291:
2284:
2266:
2240:
2214:
2180:
2161:(26): 2693–6.
2145:
2121:
2100:(2): 149–158.
2080:
2058:
2036:
2014:
1980:
1954:
1932:
1910:
1884:
1858:
1813:
1791:
1777:
1754:
1724:
1694:
1672:
1641:
1607:
1570:(7): 541–554.
1550:
1532:
1510:
1489:
1463:
1438:
1416:
1386:
1351:
1322:
1281:
1259:
1234:
1183:
1182:
1180:
1177:
1174:
1173:
1161:
1146:
1145:
1143:
1140:
1138:
1137:
1135:Walk-in clinic
1132:
1127:
1122:
1116:
1111:
1105:
1100:
1095:
1088:
1087:
1086:
1072:
1056:
1053:
1047:
1044:
1030:
1027:
932:
929:
923:
920:
915:
912:
899:
896:
890:
887:
872:Babylon Health
848:
845:
837:GP Federations
775:
772:
721:
718:
711:health centres
685:patient record
668:
665:
663:
662:United Kingdom
660:
654:
651:
643:
642:
637:
634:
631:
628:
623:
618:
615:
586:D.O. graduates
580:
577:
561:sleep medicine
487:medical school
482:
479:
453:
450:
448:
445:
422:women's health
393:
390:
388:
385:
299:
296:
239:
238:
236:long-term care
221:
216:
213:
212:
211:
210:
204:
198:
192:
184:
181:
178:
177:
173:
172:
167:
164:
161:
160:
155:
152:
149:
148:
145:
141:
140:
137:
133:
132:
128:
127:
124:
109:
108:
105:
101:
100:
63:
56:
55:
44:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4527:
4516:
4513:
4511:
4508:
4507:
4505:
4490:
4482:
4480:
4476:
4472:
4470:
4462:
4460:
4452:
4450:
4442:
4441:
4438:
4432:
4429:
4425:
4422:
4421:
4420:
4417:
4415:
4412:
4410:
4407:
4405:
4402:
4400:
4397:
4395:
4394:Public health
4392:
4390:
4387:
4385:
4382:
4380:
4377:
4375:
4374:Allied health
4372:
4370:
4367:
4366:
4364:
4360:
4352:
4349:
4348:
4347:
4344:
4342:
4339:
4337:
4334:
4332:
4329:
4327:
4324:
4322:
4319:
4317:
4314:
4312:
4309:
4308:
4306:
4304:
4298:
4286:
4283:
4282:
4281:
4278:
4276:
4273:
4271:
4268:
4266:
4263:
4259:
4256:
4255:
4254:
4251:
4249:
4246:
4244:
4241:
4237:
4234:
4233:
4232:
4229:
4227:
4224:
4222:
4219:
4216:
4213:
4211:
4208:
4204:
4201:
4200:
4199:
4196:
4194:
4191:
4189:
4186:
4184:
4183:Oral medicine
4181:
4179:
4178:Ophthalmology
4176:
4174:
4171:
4167:
4164:
4163:
4162:
4159:
4157:
4154:
4152:
4149:
4147:
4144:
4142:
4139:
4137:
4133:
4130:
4128:
4125:
4121:
4118:
4117:
4116:
4113:
4111:
4108:
4106:
4103:
4101:
4098:
4096:
4093:
4089:
4086:
4084:
4081:
4080:
4079:
4076:
4074:
4071:
4069:
4066:
4065:
4063:
4059:
4051:
4048:
4046:
4043:
4041:
4040:Cytopathology
4038:
4036:
4033:
4031:
4028:
4026:
4023:
4022:
4021:
4018:
4014:
4011:
4009:
4006:
4004:
4001:
4000:
3999:
3996:
3995:
3993:
3991:
3987:
3981:
3980:Urogynecology
3978:
3976:
3973:
3971:
3968:
3966:
3963:
3961:
3958:
3956:
3953:
3952:
3950:
3948:
3942:
3936:
3933:
3931:
3928:
3926:
3923:
3921:
3918:
3916:
3913:
3911:
3908:
3906:
3903:
3901:
3898:
3894:
3891:
3890:
3889:
3886:
3884:
3883:Endocrinology
3881:
3879:
3876:
3874:
3871:
3869:
3865:
3862:
3861:
3859:
3857:
3851:
3845:
3842:
3838:
3835:
3834:
3833:
3830:
3828:
3825:
3823:
3820:
3818:
3815:
3813:
3810:
3808:
3805:
3803:
3800:
3793:
3792:
3791:
3788:
3786:
3783:
3781:
3778:
3776:
3773:
3771:
3768:
3764:
3761:
3759:
3756:
3755:
3754:
3751:
3749:
3746:
3744:
3741:
3739:
3736:
3734:
3731:
3730:
3728:
3726:
3722:
3719:
3717:
3711:
3707:
3703:
3696:
3691:
3689:
3684:
3682:
3677:
3676:
3673:
3665:
3659:
3654:
3653:
3646:
3645:
3641:
3632:
3628:
3623:
3618:
3613:
3608:
3604:
3600:
3596:
3589:
3586:
3581:
3577:
3572:
3567:
3563:
3559:
3555:
3551:
3547:
3540:
3537:
3532:
3526:
3523:
3518:
3514:
3510:
3506:
3499:
3497:
3493:
3488:
3484:
3480:
3476:
3472:
3468:
3464:
3460:
3453:
3451:
3447:
3434:
3428:
3425:
3420:
3414:
3411:
3406:
3402:
3396:
3393:
3388:
3387:
3379:
3376:
3364:
3360:
3353:
3350:
3342:
3338:
3331:
3330:"News Letter"
3325:
3322:
3316:
3313:
3307:
3304:
3298:
3295:
3283:
3277:
3274:
3269:
3265:
3260:
3255:
3250:
3245:
3241:
3237:
3233:
3226:
3223:
3211:
3207:
3203:
3199:
3192:
3185:
3182:
3177:
3173:
3168:
3163:
3159:
3155:
3151:
3144:
3141:
3129:
3125:
3119:
3116:
3103:
3097:
3094:
3081:
3075:
3072:
3059:
3053:
3050:
3037:
3031:
3028:
3015:
3009:
3006:
2993:
2987:
2984:
2971:
2965:
2962:
2949:
2943:
2940:
2927:
2921:
2918:
2913:
2909:
2904:
2899:
2895:
2891:
2887:
2883:
2879:
2872:
2869:
2864:
2860:
2855:
2850:
2846:
2842:
2838:
2834:
2830:
2823:
2821:
2817:
2804:
2798:
2795:
2783:on 2016-12-20
2782:
2778:
2772:
2769:
2756:
2751:
2744:
2741:
2729:on 2018-01-24
2728:
2724:
2718:
2715:
2702:
2696:
2693:
2680:
2674:
2671:
2659:on 2017-08-23
2658:
2654:
2648:
2645:
2632:
2626:
2623:
2610:
2604:
2601:
2588:
2582:
2579:
2566:
2560:
2557:
2544:
2538:
2535:
2522:
2516:
2513:
2500:
2494:
2491:
2478:
2472:
2469:
2456:
2450:
2447:
2431:
2425:
2422:
2409:
2403:
2400:
2394:
2389:
2382:
2379:
2363:
2357:
2354:
2342:
2336:
2332:
2331:
2324:
2321:
2310:on 2013-05-28
2309:
2305:
2301:
2295:
2292:
2287:
2281:
2277:
2270:
2267:
2254:
2250:
2244:
2241:
2228:
2224:
2218:
2215:
2210:
2206:
2203:(5): 377–89.
2202:
2198:
2191:
2184:
2181:
2176:
2172:
2168:
2164:
2160:
2156:
2149:
2146:
2135:
2131:
2125:
2122:
2117:
2113:
2108:
2103:
2099:
2095:
2091:
2084:
2081:
2068:
2062:
2059:
2046:
2040:
2037:
2024:
2018:
2015:
2002:
1995:
1989:
1987:
1985:
1981:
1969:
1965:
1958:
1955:
1942:
1936:
1933:
1920:
1914:
1911:
1898:
1894:
1888:
1885:
1872:
1868:
1862:
1859:
1854:
1850:
1845:
1840:
1836:
1832:
1828:
1824:
1817:
1814:
1801:
1795:
1792:
1787:
1781:
1778:
1773:
1769:
1768:CQ Researcher
1765:
1758:
1755:
1744:
1740:
1737:Pisacano NJ.
1733:
1731:
1729:
1725:
1721:
1710:
1709:
1704:
1698:
1695:
1682:
1676:
1673:
1668:
1664:
1661:(8): 1181–8.
1660:
1656:
1652:
1645:
1642:
1637:
1633:
1629:
1625:
1618:
1611:
1608:
1603:
1599:
1594:
1589:
1585:
1581:
1577:
1573:
1569:
1565:
1561:
1554:
1551:
1546:
1545:NIHR Evidence
1542:
1536:
1533:
1520:
1514:
1511:
1499:
1493:
1490:
1477:
1473:
1467:
1464:
1452:
1448:
1442:
1439:
1434:
1430:
1426:
1420:
1417:
1404:
1400:
1396:
1390:
1387:
1382:
1378:
1374:
1370:
1366:
1362:
1355:
1352:
1341:on 2013-03-31
1340:
1336:
1332:
1326:
1323:
1318:
1314:
1309:
1304:
1301:(10): 51–61.
1300:
1296:
1292:
1285:
1282:
1269:
1263:
1260:
1248:
1244:
1238:
1235:
1230:
1226:
1221:
1216:
1212:
1208:
1204:
1200:
1196:
1188:
1185:
1178:
1171:
1170:family doctor
1165:
1162:
1159:
1158:
1151:
1148:
1141:
1136:
1133:
1131:
1128:
1126:
1123:
1120:
1117:
1115:
1112:
1109:
1106:
1104:
1101:
1099:
1096:
1093:
1090:
1089:
1084:
1073:
1070:
1064:
1059:
1054:
1052:
1045:
1043:
1041:
1040:generic drugs
1036:
1029:British model
1028:
1026:
1022:
1019:
1015:
1010:
1008:
1002:
1000:
996:
991:
987:
984:
979:
977:
973:
969:
964:
962:
958:
954:
950:
945:
941:
938:
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