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was donated by the
Grayson family to the Germanna Foundation for historic preservation. The Foundation maintains a research library, a memorial garden, and plans interpretive walking trails to various historic and archaeological sites. In addition, the Foundation publishes histories and genealogical
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some time in 1722. Historians suggest his removal may have been the result of years of disharmony between himself and the council, as well as when he accepted such a large amount of land, that he showed a disregard for the Crown policy which held that no single person or family could claim more than
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The
Germanna Foundation owns land on the original Germanna peninsula, on both sides of the Germanna Highway, State Route 3, near the site of the original Fort Germanna, once the westernmost outpost of colonial Virginia. The Germanna Foundation operates the Brawdus Martin Fort Germanna Visitor Center
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1710 May 18 Incorporation of the George Ritter
Company in London a joint stock company to be in business for 20 years. Partners include Christoph de Graffenreid and Franz Ludwig Michel. The Agent for the George Ritter Company is Johann Justus Albrecht, sent to the Siegerland to recruit miners in
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Spotswood established a colony of German immigrants on the
Germanna tract in 1714, partly for frontier defense but mainly to operate his newly developed ironworks. Germanna was the seat of Spotsylvania County from 1720 to 1732. Spotswood erected a palatial home and, after the Germans moved away to
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The first colony consisted of the family surnames: Albrecht, Brombach/Brumback, Fischbach/Fishback, Hager, Friesenhagen, Heide/Heite/Hitt, Heimbach, Hofmann, Holzklau/Holtzclaw, Huttmann, Kemper/Camper, Cuntze/Koontz, Merdten/Martin, Otterbach/Utterback, Reinschmidt, Richter/Rector, Spielmann,
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Copy of
Original letter from Pastor Knabenschuh was found by Emil Flender while researching the Siegen Archives for Dr. BC Holtzclaw, Emil Flender sent it to Dr. Holtzclaw along with the translation which was found in the Germanna Foundation Visitor Center in the papers of Dr.
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1720 May 17: Johann Justus
Albrecht file statement regarding "eleven Labouring men to work in Mines or Quarries at or near Germanna and we began to work March One Thousand Seven Hundred and 15/16 and so continued until Dec. One Thousand Seven Hundred &
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County in 1720, of which the
Germanna tract was the first, while he was Lieutenant Governor and actual executive head of the Virginia government. He served in this capacity between 1710 and 1722 and, in 1716, he carried out his famous
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in 1978. Traces of the terraces of
Spotswood's mansion which came to be known as the "Enchanted Castle" are still discernible. The Germanna Foundation is conducting archaeological exploration of the Fort Germanna, Siegen Forest, and
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Charles
Herbert Huffman, Editor; Dr. Benjamin C. Holtzclaw, The Germanna Record, Germanna Record No. 1: Hitt, Martin, Weaver (Culpeper, Virginia: The Memorial Foundation of the Germanna Colonies in Virginia, Inc. 1961),
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Charles
Herbert Huffman, Editor; Dr. Benjamin C. Holtzclaw, The Story of Germanna Descendants in Reunion at Siegen Forest Virginia (Virginia: The Memorial Foundation of the Germanna Colonies in Virginia, Inc. 1960),
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on the Siegen Forest side of the Germanna Highway, 15 miles (24 km) east of Culpeper and 20 miles (32 km) west of Fredericksburg, Virginia. The Foundation also owns a nearby 18th century mansion,
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Dr. Benjamin C. Holtzclaw, Ancestry and Descendants of the Nassau-Siegen Immigrants to Virginia, 1714-1750 (Virginia: The Memorial Foundation of the Germanna Colonies in Virginia, Inc. 1964), 185-192.
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books, a newsletter, offers educational programs at an Annual Historical Conference and Reunion and to the community, and offers group travel to Germany geared to the origin of the Germanna families.
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area of Germany brought in 1717, but also include other German families who joined the first two colonies at later dates. Although many Germanna families later migrated southward and westward from
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Willis M. Kemper and Harry Linn Wright, Genealogy of the Kemper Family in The United States: Descendants of John Kemper of Virginia (Chicago: Geo. K. Hazlitt & Co., 1899), 31, 40, 51.
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As part of a series of land grants awarded to settlers to create a buffer against the French, the Privy Council granted Spotswood 86,000 acres (350 km) in the newly created
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543:. The three naturalized members of the group, John Fishback, John Hoffman and Jacob Holtzclaw, secured 1805 acres for distribution to the group to be divided equally.
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1713 Jul 12 Pastor Knabenschuh goes to Oberfischbach to find that Pastor Haeger is gone and the Schoolteacher, Hans Jacob Holtzklau "is also willing to travel away."
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William J. Hinke, “The First German Reformed Colony in Virginia: 1714-1750 “(Journal of the Presbyterian Historical Society (1901-1930), Vol. 2, No. 2, 1903), 2, 8.
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1713 Jul 17:Jacob Holzklau request permission to immigrate. Hermann Otterbach requested permission to immigrate on 5 Sep 1711, first of the group to do so.
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1717: Eighty-odd Germans from Wuerttemberg, Baden, and the Palatinate agree with Capt. Tarbett in London to take them to Pennsylvania in the ship Scott.
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The site of Fort Germanna is mostly open fields with intervening thickets of second-growth timber. The Fort Germanna site was listed on the
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Dr. Lothar Irle, Siegerlander Personlichkeiten- und Geschlechter-Lexicon (Siegen: Selbstverlag des Siegerlander Heimatvererins, 1974), 131.
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Virginia, genealogical evidence shows that many of the families intermarried for generations, producing a rich genealogical heritage.
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Germantown, continued the ironworks with slave labor. In his later years he served as Deputy Postmaster General for the Colonies.
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January 1719-20: Pastor Haeger and the members of the First Colony moved to Stafford County, Virginia which is present day
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area in Germany brought to Virginia to work for Spotswood in 1714, and the Second Colony of twenty families from the
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counties. Many Germanna families played roles in important events in early American history such as the
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By December 1718, Spotswood says he spent about 60 pounds on the endeavor so there was no iron furnace.
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1713 Jul 31:Philip Fischbach/Hans Jacob Richter; Jost Cuntz request permission to immigrate.
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The Germanna Colonies consist primarily of the First Colony of forty-two persons from the
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1712 May 12 Johann Justus Albrecht composes the Union Book for the George Ritter Company
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1719/1722: Some of the Germans who left in 1717 arrived in Virginia at a later time
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1711 Aug 15 Johann Justus Albrecht signs a contract with the Ministers of Siegen
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Archaeological sites on the National Register of Historic Places in Virginia
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Hinke, William J. (October 1932). "The 1714 Colony of Germanna, Virginia".
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Spotsylvania County Deed Book A, pg. 165--Naturalization of Jacob Holtzclaw
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The site of the first settlement, Fort Germanna, is located in present-day
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Staatsarchiv Munster, Furstentum Siegen Landesarchiv 11, No. 28 BS2.
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to move to Virginia and establish a mining industry in the colony.
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1718, early in the year: they were instructed to search for iron
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National Register of Historic Places in Orange County, Virginia
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Staatsarchiv Munster, Furstentum Siegen Landesarchiv 24, No. 76
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1711 Sep 5 Hermannus Otterbach requests permission to Immigrate
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Memorial Foundation of the Germanna Colonies in Virginia, Inc.
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1725: Most of these Germans move to the Robinson River Valley
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1733: Johann Caspar Stoever becomes their (Lutheran) pastor
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on the continent, which doubled as a defensive blockhouse
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1716: they started mining operations at the silver mine
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January 1714: they left for Virginia on an unknown ship
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Spotswood was replaced as the lieutenant governor by
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sites that it owns in Orange and Culpeper Counties.
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History of the National Register of Historic Places
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503:Late March 1714: Spotswood first learns from Col.
818:Virginia Landmark Register 068-0043 Germanna Site
760:Essex County, Virginia Deed Book No. 16, p. 180.
785:The Virginia Magazine of History and Biography
337:The name "Germanna," selected by Lt. Governor
16:Archaeological site in Virginia, United States
1686:1714 establishments in the Colony of Virginia
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321:encouraged the immigration by advertising in
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582:today) is built with funds raised in Germany
362:and promoted many reforms and improvements.
630:. Virginia Department of Historic Resources
562:1723/25: Spotswood sues many of the Germans
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360:Knights of the Golden Horseshoe Expedition
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854:U.S. National Register of Historic Places
102:U.S. National Register of Historic Places
71:Learn how and when to remove this message
34:This article includes a list of general
1646:German communities in the United States
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604:"National Register Information System"
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494:Summer of 1713: the people arrived in
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609:National Register of Historic Places
434:National Register of Historic Places
1651:German-American culture in Virginia
510:April 1714: the Germans arrived in
370:a thousand acres of Virginia land.
128:Sign at the Germanna Visitor Center
578:1740: The German Lutheran Church (
40:it lacks sufficient corresponding
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1661:History of the Thirteen Colonies
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661:"Research Your Germanna Roots"
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1:
1676:Spotsylvania County, Virginia
628:"Virginia Landmarks Register"
180:Show map of the United States
83:United States historic place
1582:National Historic Landmarks
649:Germanna Foundation website
111:Virginia Landmarks Register
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473:the Carolinas or Virginia.
1671:Culpeper County, Virginia
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541:Fauquier County, Virginia
260:NRHP reference
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569:Madison County, Virginia
516:1714: established first
1666:Orange County, Virginia
1641:German-American history
404:along the banks of the
221:38.378117°N 77.783185°W
55:more precise citations.
1595:Keeper of the Register
1507:Poquoson (no listings)
580:Hebron Lutheran Church
518:German Reformed church
420:and migration west to
240:120 acres (49 ha)
1615:Contributing property
803:National Park Service
614:National Park Service
525:--Need to prove this!
226:38.378117; -77.783185
155:Show map of Virginia
505:Nathaniel Blakiston
418:American Revolution
339:Alexander Spotswood
319:Alexander Spotswood
297:Designated VLR
217: /
1656:Colony of Virginia
315:Colony of Virginia
313:settlement in the
194:Culpeper, Virginia
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1610:Historic district
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284:Significant dates
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965:
962:
960:
957:
955:
952:
950:
947:
945:
942:
940:
937:
935:
932:
930:
927:
925:
922:
920:
917:
915:
912:
910:
907:
905:
902:
900:
897:
895:
892:
890:
887:
885:
882:
880:
877:
875:
872:
871:
869:
863:
859:
855:
848:
843:
841:
836:
834:
829:
828:
825:
819:
816:
814:
813:Fort Germanna
811:
809:
806:
804:
801:
800:
796:
791:(4): 317–327.
790:
786:
781:
780:
776:
766:
763:
757:
754:
748:
746:
742:
735:
732:
726:
723:
717:
714:
708:
705:
698:
695:
688:
685:
679:
676:
670:
667:
662:
656:
653:
650:
645:
642:
629:
623:
620:
615:
611:
610:
605:
599:
597:
593:
586:
581:
577:
574:
572:
570:
564:
561:
558:
555:
552:
551:
548:Second colony
547:
542:
538:
535:
531:
528:
526:
522:
519:
515:
513:
509:
506:
502:
499:
497:
493:
490:
487:
484:
481:
478:
475:
471:
470:
469:
468:Weber/Weaver
462:
457:
455:
452:
448:
442:
440:
435:
427:
425:
423:
419:
415:
411:
407:
406:Rapidan River
403:
402:Orange County
398:
396:
392:
388:
384:
380:
375:
371:
368:
367:Hugh Drysdale
363:
361:
356:
348:
346:
344:
340:
332:
330:
328:
324:
320:
316:
312:
308:
300:June 21, 1977
299:
295:
291:
289:Added to NRHP
287:
282:
278:
271:
268:
265:
258:
247:
243:
239:
235:
230:
202:
198:
195:
192:
188:
167:
142:
132:
125:
120:
116:
112:
107:
103:
98:
94:Germanna Site
91:
87:
75:
72:
64:
54:
50:
44:
43:
37:
32:
23:
22:
19:
1556:Williamsburg
1488:Newport News
1483:Martinsville
1453:Harrisonburg
1428:Falls Church
1329:Westmoreland
1294:Spotsylvania
1244:Rappahannock
1214:Pittsylvania
1119:King William
974:Chesterfield
964:Charles City
788:
784:
777:Bibliography
765:
756:
734:
725:
716:
707:
697:
687:
678:
669:
655:
644:
632:. Retrieved
622:
607:
566:
524:
466:
463:First colony
443:
431:
428:Preservation
424:and beyond.
414:Spotsylvania
399:
376:
372:
364:
355:Spotsylvania
352:
336:
306:
305:
190:Nearest city
67:
58:
39:
18:
1570:Other lists
1388:Buena Vista
1289:Southampton
1184:Northampton
1159:Mecklenburg
1114:King George
1069:Greensville
391:Württemberg
224: /
200:Coordinates
53:introducing
1630:Categories
1561:Winchester
1551:Waynesboro
1511:Portsmouth
1503:Petersburg
1398:Chesapeake
1378:Alexandria
1324:Washington
1279:Shenandoah
1264:Rockingham
1259:Rockbridge
1169:Montgomery
1104:James City
1049:Gloucester
994:Cumberland
944:Buckingham
899:Appomattox
739:Holtzclaw.
567:(today in
533:Eighteen."
383:Palatinate
379:Siegerland
212:77°46′59″W
209:38°22′41″N
61:April 2010
36:references
1468:Lynchburg
1463:Lexington
1408:Covington
1164:Middlesex
1144:Lunenburg
1124:Lancaster
1054:Goochland
1039:Frederick
1004:Dinwiddie
999:Dickenson
969:Charlotte
934:Brunswick
929:Botetourt
904:Arlington
884:Alleghany
879:Albemarle
867:by county
458:Timelines
333:Etymology
273:VLR
1536:Staunton
1521:Richmond
1473:Manassas
1458:Hopewell
1433:Franklin
1413:Danville
1314:Tazewell
1299:Stafford
1249:Richmond
1219:Powhatan
1194:Nottoway
1179:New Kent
1094:Highland
1034:Franklin
1029:Fluvanna
1019:Fauquier
989:Culpeper
954:Caroline
949:Campbell
939:Buchanan
874:Accomack
858:Virginia
512:Virginia
451:Salubria
447:Salubria
439:Salubria
422:Kentucky
410:Culpeper
395:Piedmont
307:Germanna
279:068-0043
267:78003036
1577:Bridges
1541:Suffolk
1526:Roanoke
1516:Radford
1493:Norfolk
1448:Hampton
1423:Fairfax
1418:Emporia
1383:Bristol
1371:by city
1269:Russell
1254:Roanoke
1239:Pulaski
1209:Patrick
1154:Mathews
1149:Madison
1134:Loudoun
1084:Henrico
1079:Hanover
1074:Halifax
1059:Grayson
1014:Fairfax
959:Carroll
919:Bedford
909:Augusta
894:Amherst
634:June 5,
587:Sources
349:History
323:Germany
250: (
49:improve
1498:Norton
1319:Warren
1309:Sussex
1199:Orange
1174:Nelson
1139:Louisa
1064:Greene
979:Clarke
889:Amelia
496:London
327:miners
311:German
309:was a
38:, but
1531:Salem
1443:Galax
1369:Lists
1339:Wythe
1304:Surry
1284:Smyth
1274:Scott
1089:Henry
1044:Giles
1024:Floyd
1009:Essex
984:Craig
924:Bland
865:Lists
702:5-42.
387:Baden
245:Built
1344:York
1334:Wise
1204:Page
914:Bath
636:2013
412:and
389:and
343:Anne
325:for
252:1724
248:1724
237:Area
1129:Lee
856:in
692:22.
275:No.
262:No.
1632::
789:40
787:.
744:^
612:.
606:.
595:^
385:,
846:e
839:t
832:v
663:.
638:.
571:)
254:)
74:)
68:(
63:)
59:(
45:.
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