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the interaction of activists, in shared physical and/or emotional spaces." Further, as well as being linked together, the centres provide concrete physical spaces for activists to meet and organise events and campaigns. Geographers Paul
Chatterton and Stuart Hodkinson view social centres as part of the "broader 'autonomous movement,'" playing an "important role in the re-thinking and re-making 'citizenship' by bringing people together in spaces whose very reason for existence is to question and confront the rampant individualism of everyday life."
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The centres are connected in multiple ways. Sociologist Anita Lacey writes that "Actions, plans, ideas, and contacts are circulated via zines, at infoshops and stalls, and in social centres. Networks of activism develop and do not spontaneously emerge on the day of any given action; they emerge from
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in order to provide free community services. It was estimated in 2015 that the group had supplied advice to the value of £15 million. A spokesperson said in 2008 "the guiding principles are that we’ve never shirked the fact that we’re a socialist organisation, our principles are founded out of the
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in 1995, initially as housing for homeless people before it became a social centre. A housing co-operative was formed to run the building and the mortgage was paid off in 2005. In 2008, a community co-operative took over the building and the name was changed. The centre contains a radical library,
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and existed as a social centre for 18 years in
Brixton, before being evicted in 1999. There was a bookshop, café, gig and rehearsal space, printing facility, office and meeting space. It also provided space for groups such as the radical women's magazine Bad Attitude, AnarQuist (the anarcho-queer
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modes of behaviour. However, there is no single type of social centre. The aims and policies of individual projects are determined by those running them and shaped by local contexts. This means that whilst every place is unique, functions will include some of the following: bar, bicycle repair
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in
Nottingham hosted a relaunch of the UK Social Centre Network in November 2014. The network met again in April 2015 at the Next to Nowhere social centre in Liverpool and became known as the "Social Centre Network of UK and Ireland." Another gathering of the Social Centre Network was held in
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There are also groups which choose to do short-term squatted events lasting a fixed time so as to mitigate the difficulties of long term occupation. Such groups may exist for years and do a series of events, for example: A-Spire (Leeds), Temporary
Autonomous Arts (London, Sheffield, Brighton,
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principles and volunteer-run, without any assistance from the state. The largest number have occurred in London from the 1980s onwards, although projects exist in most cities across the UK, linked in a network. Squatted social centres tend to be quickly evicted and therefore some projects
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struggle of workers. So that will never change. It’s to help people in poverty, promote education for workers and for people in need." Liverpool also has the News from
Nowhere, a radical and community bookshop, with the Next to Nowhere social centre in a basement underneath it.
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was set up in 2000. In 2000, ACE provided meeting space for these groups: Autonomous Women of
Edinburgh, Angry Youth, Edinburgh Animal Rights, Youth Solidarity Group, the Mutiny Collective and Prisoners’ Support, May Day Edinburgh, activists opposing the
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tactic, or not. One view asserted that buying a social centre meant activists got bogged down by mundane activities such as business plans and mortgage applications. The counter-view stated the advantages to owning a place were longevity and stability.
560:. A spokesperson said “We need a friendly landlord and about 2,000 ground-floor square feet, near to accessible transport, which is a tall order given the crazy cost of renting in London.” Currently in 2019, alongside the 56A Infoshop and the
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in 2011. The building had stood empty since 2006, when it had its licence revoked and was shut down by the council. The social centre existed until 2015. In 2019, a community arts space called
Gentileza was founded on Duke Street.
228:). In 27 articles, different social centres presented their projects and reflected upon their successes and failures. Slightly earlier in the 2000s, there was also a debate about whether rented and owned spaces are a useful
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Bristol, Manchester, Edinburgh, Cardiff), Anarchist Teapot (Brighton) or the OKasional Café (Manchester). The
Okasional café did a number of events in the late 1990s and early 2000s, reforming for two weeks in 2010.
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social centre between 1986 and 2003, and again between 2011 and 2018. The centre began with a café, a screen printing room and rehearsal spaces for bands. In the 2010s, it hosted gigs and still had a vegan café.
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in 2006 and since 2018 is based on
Warwick Street. It is run by volunteers and screens a variety of films. It aims to support self-organised activities and there is a vegetarian café every Sunday. The
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107:. Each individual social centre's activities are determined by its participants. Activities will often include some of the following: bar, bicycle repair workshop, café, cinema, concert venue,
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movement of Italy, and the occupied factories of
Argentina. In addition to being inspired by European squatter movements, social centres follow in the tradition of anarchist clubs such as the
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Some social centres are co-operatively owned, such as the 1 in 12 Club, Sumac Centre in Nottingham and the Cowley Club in Brighton. The latter two are members of
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506:. The Rainbow Centre was a squatted church in Kentish Town and there was also the Hackney Squatters Centre. The still extant infoshop at 56A Crampton Street in
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The London social centres network existed in the 2000s with a discussion list and newsletter. This then continued until 2011 with the Autonomous London blog.
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There are also many examples of squatted projects which did not last very long, since the owner quickly regained possession, for example the
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A wave of social centres were opened in the 1990s, centred around a period of social movement activity which involved protesting against the
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Bettocchi, Milo (2022). "Affect, infrastructure and activism: The House of Brag's London Queer Social Centre in Brixton, South London".
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as a social space and concert venue in 2017. Partisan follows in the tradition of the Basement (2005–2008) and Subrosa (2013–15).
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Katzeff, Ask; van Hoogenhuijze, Leendert; van der Steen, Bart, eds. (2014). "Ebb and Flow - Autonomy and Squatting in Brighton".
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September 2018 at GAS in Glasgow. The network is now known as the Social Centre Network of Wales, Ireland, Scotland, England.
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3256:"The Hive shares its 'secret': Founders of radical Hackney cultural experiment want to change planning law – and the world"
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434:. Formed out of a previous project called the Rainbow Centre, the Sumac provides a meeting space for groups and a base for
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was founded in 2002 and has a bar, bookshop, café, infoshop, library, meeting space and music venue. Above it there is a
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Hodkinson, S.; Chatterton, P. (2006). "Autonomy in the city? Reflections on the social centres movement in the UK".
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can trace their direct roots back to networking between the autonomy centres of the 1980s and early 1990s such as
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was an early social centre experiment. It was located in a warehouse which was rented between 1981 and 1983 by
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This sortable list of notable current social centres in the United Kingdom was last updated in November 2023.
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Chatterton, Paul; Hodkinson, Stuart (2007). "Why we need autonomous spaces in the fight against capitalism".
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This sortable list of notable former social centres in the United Kingdom was last updated in November 2023.
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2660:"A Nomadic War Machine in the Metropolis: En/Countering London's 21st Century Housing Crisis with Focus E15"
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289:. An advantage of ownership is that those projects have a longer lifetime than squatted or rented projects.
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Since both buying a property and squatting a place have become more difficult in the 2010s, as a result of
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Lacey, Anita (2005). "Networked Communities: Social Centers and Activist Spaces in Contemporary Britain".
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from September 2005 to September 2006 and since 2016, there is the Glasgow Autonomous Space. Also in
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and the government's road building plans. Likewise, places established in the 2000s were inspired by
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2443:"Local Tradition, Local Trajectories and Us: 56a Infoshop, Black Frog and more in South London"
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2125:"Save The Casa: Ex-ECHO writer Brian Reade on why Liverpool must support the Hope Street venue"
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2715:"Keeping the spirit of solidarity alive 20 years after Robbie Fowler backed Liverpool dockers"
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The City Is Ours: Squatting and Autonomous Movements in Europe from the 1970s to the Present
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The City Is Ours: Squatting and Autonomous Movements in Europe from the 1970s to the Present
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occupied four buildings in central London in 2011, including a Fitzrovia mansion owned by
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2334:"See inside the new Star and Shadow cinema as it prepares for grand reopening this month"
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2004:
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which was produced as part of the academic project Autonomous Geographies (funded by the
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I Couldn't Paint Golden Angels: Sixty Years of Commonplace Life and Anarchist Agitation
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I Couldn't Paint Golden Angels: Sixty Years of Commonplace Life and Anarchist Agitation
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3461:. The Senator George J. Mitchell Institute for Global Peace, Security and Justice.
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began in 1991, inspired by both European infoshops and local squatting movement in
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played there. Examples of long-term squatted and now evicted projects include the
333:. Over several floors it has a bar, café, library, recording studio and venue. In
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3175:"Today in London's squatting history: Ex-Grand Banks social centre opens, 2004"
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Pusey, Andre (2010). "Social Centres and the New Cooperativism of the Common".
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in east London for several weeks in 2014 and used one flat as a social centre.
529:. In the 2000s, there was a series of projects squatted by people connected to
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Summer of love: psychedelic art, social crisis and counterculture in the 1960s
2942:"Occupy London: evicted protesters criticise bailiffs' 'heavy-handed' tactics"
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What's This place? Stories from radical social centres in the UK & Ireland
2159:
What's This place? Stories from radical social centres in the UK & Ireland
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What's This place? Stories from radical social centres in the UK & Ireland
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What's This place? Stories from radical social centres in the UK & Ireland
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What's This place? Stories from radical social centres in the UK & Ireland
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3145:"Out of place – why community venues like DIY Space For London need our help"
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and the criminalisation of squatting in residential buildings under the 2012
359:(Base for Anarchy & Solidarity in Easton), formerly Kebele, was squatted
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2036:"Chalkboard – the successes and failures of a Maryhill community tendency"
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The fledgling social centre network was profiled in 2008, in the pamphlet
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The Red and Black Umbrella collective occupied the Tredegar Hotel pub in
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Pusey, Andre. "Social Centres and the New Cooperativism of the Common".
2549:"Eagulls, Hookworms, Joanna Gruesome: how UK music scenes are going DIY"
241:
119:, language classes, meeting space, migrant support and radical library.
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Cavallo, Matilda (2007). "How to set up a self-managed social centre".
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The still extant Initiative Factory (also known as CASA) was set up in
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278:, language classes, meeting space, migrant support, radical library.
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Protest, Property and the Commons: Performances of Law and Resistance
537:, such as the Radical Dairy, Grand Banks and Institute for Autonomy.
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The Partisan collective acquired a building on Cheetham Hill Road in
3455:"The Future Was (AND IS) Punk – The Warzone Dialectogram Exhibition"
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345:. There have also been many squatted projects in Brighton such as
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257:, which means they are self-organised and self-funding. They are
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3352:"Social centre squatters finally evicted after five year battle"
2604:"OK Cafe Manchester | Manchester's OKasional social centre"
2580:
Out of Order: A Photographic Celebration of the Free Party Scene
225:
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deliberately choose a short-term existence, such as A-Spire in
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group), Brixton Squatters' Aid and the prisoner support group
418:
The Star and Shadow community cinema began in Stepney Bank in
1806:
Not For Rent: Conversations with Creative Activists in the UK
3646:
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Chatterton, P; Hodkinson, S (2006). "Autonomy in the city".
2855:
Affinities: A Journal of Radical Theory, Culture, and Action
1520:
Affinities: A Journal of Radical Theory, Culture, and Action
4812:
Legal Aid, Sentencing and Punishment of Offenders Act 2012
1945:"Squatters set up 'cultural hub' in abandoned Cardiff pub"
556:, some projects have decided to rent a space, for example
3588:
Rebel Alliances: The Means and Ends of British Anarchisms
3229:"New vegan centre in Sheffield is the first of its kind"
1403:
in January 2007. After several years of inactivity, the
249:
What links these social centre projects together is the
27:
Self-organised anti-capitalist communal spaces in the UK
3088:"The Common House is closing – but this is not the end"
3383:"The middle class serial squatters exploiting the law"
2518:"Really Free School Squat Guy Ritchie's Fitzrovia Pad"
3205:"Companies House Gentileza Application to Strike Off"
564:, active London projects include the Common Place in
554:
Legal Aid, Sentencing and Punishment of Offenders Act
325:
there was the squatted Aardvark Centre in the 1990s.
47:, rented, mortgaged and fully owned buildings. These
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Centre International de Recherches sur l'Anarchisme
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Centre International de Recherches sur l'Anarchisme
3684:
36:
Map of social centres in the UK and Ireland in 2006
2971:Harris, Jonathan; Grunenberg, Christopher (2005).
2632:. Manchester Mule. 3 December 2010. Archived from
2298:
2296:
2294:
2275:. Manchester Mule. 19 January 2008. Archived from
4858:Self-managed social centres in the United Kingdom
2940:Lizzy Davies and Peter Walker (30 January 2012).
1709:Do It Yourself: A handbook for changing our world
1484:Do It Yourself: A handbook for changing our world
41:Self-managed social centres in the United Kingdom
3381:Jamieson, Alastair; Leach, Ben (6 March 2011).
2361:"10 of the UK's best tiny theatres and cinemas"
1399:There was a gathering of social centres at the
2304:"Manchester has a radical social centre again"
4418:
4189:Bound Together Anarchist Collective Bookstore
3662:
3114:"DIY Space For London finds venue – The Wire"
1939:
1937:
1772:Belfast punk : Warzone Centre, 1997–2003
1454:"Autonomy Centres, Riots & The Big Rammy"
8:
3637:Organise! Magazine map of UK social centres
2799:Katzeff; Steen; Hoogenhuijze, eds. (2014).
2089:
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545:. They put on free workshops and lectures.
454:The Camberwell centre, London, evicted 2007
4802:Criminal Justice and Public Order Act 1994
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4014:
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3669:
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2630:"Okasional Cafe opens in Northern Quarter"
1905:Utopian Politics: Citizenship and Practice
1827:
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375:The George's X Chalkboard project ran in
68:. Longer term social centres include the
1897:
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1629:
1627:
1604:Anonymous (2003). "Social Dis-Centres".
301:The Initiative Factory (CASA), Liverpool
3254:Bartholomew, Emma (20 September 2017).
3047:
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2653:
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2212:
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1998:
1996:
1774:(First ed.). Damiani. p. 85.
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438:catering, which is run as a non-profit
3436:from the original on September 8, 2015
2208:
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2198:
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2192:
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1799:
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55:in that they are self-organised under
4897:Advocacy groups in the United Kingdom
3632:Defunct social centre network website
3627:Current social centre network website
3185:from the original on 24 November 2019
2996:Finchett-Maddock, Lucy (2017-10-12).
2922:from the original on 3 September 2008
2903:
2901:
2725:from the original on 21 December 2018
1922:from the original on 16 February 2021
1833:"Court evicts Brighton Taj squatters"
1574:
1572:
364:art room, apothecary and bike space.
7:
4907:Social centres in the United Kingdom
3622:Current social centre network e-list
2952:from the original on 31 January 2012
2884:. Tucson, Arizona: See Sharp Press.
1428:Self-managed social centres in Italy
426:building was bought in June 2001 in
3028:from the original on 17 August 2017
2880:McHenry, Keith; Bufe, Chaz (2015).
2547:Mumford, Gwilym (6 December 2014).
1433:List of self-managed social centres
349:and the Sabotaj squat, which was a
4828:Homelessness in the United Kingdom
3540:"Social centres network gathering"
3393:from the original on 22 April 2019
2770:"Your Feminist Library Needs You!"
2610:from the original on 24 March 2019
2528:from the original on 22 April 2019
2463:from the original on 24 March 2019
2422:from the original on 25 April 2015
2340:from the original on 27 March 2019
2314:from the original on 24 March 2019
2253:from the original on 27 March 2019
2249:. Freedom News. 29 November 2017.
2175:from the original on 24 March 2019
2105:from the original on 25 April 2019
2056:from the original on 24 March 2019
1975:"Drugs and violence shut down pub"
1880:from the original on 24 March 2019
1636:Anonymous (2003). "Stable Bases".
1557:from the original on 24 March 2019
387:(ACE) was founded in 1997 and the
261:and aim to show an alternative to
103:, and anarchist clubs such as the
95:The projects draw influences from
92:, which are co-operatively owned.
25:
3358:. 19 October 2009. Archived from
3320:Fitch, Rachel (21 October 2006).
3231:. 4 December 2018. Archived from
3155:from the original on 25 June 2020
2559:from the original on 29 June 2015
2015:from the original on 30 June 2019
1955:from the original on 30 June 2019
1902:Firth, Rhiannon (12 March 2012).
1839:from the original on 2 April 2015
4871:
4870:
4466:
4388:
4387:
3465:from the original on 27 May 2019
3412:Meltzer, Albert (January 1996),
3266:from the original on 26 May 2019
3143:Cartledge, Luke (15 June 2020).
2753:. 7 January 2003. Archived from
2497:from the original on 17 May 2020
2449:. Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum.
2359:Wills, Dixe (14 December 2019).
2161:. Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum.
2042:. Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum.
2003:Ó’Máille, Peter (19 June 2019).
1866:. Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum.
1543:. Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum.
4912:Anarchism in the United Kingdom
4650:Hounslow Community Land Project
3521:from the original on 2016-03-04
3322:"Squatters are finally evicted"
2835:from the original on 2019-03-24
2745:"The Guv'nor's spirit lives on"
2696:from the original on 2020-01-12
2228:from the original on 2019-03-24
2135:from the original on 2019-03-27
1464:from the original on 2019-07-18
353:against supermarket expansion.
266:workshop, café, concert venue,
166:. Other influences include the
4483:Advisory Service for Squatters
4434:Squatting in England and Wales
4035:Autonomous Centre of Edinburgh
3120:. 18 June 2015. Archived from
3022:"Police raid 'anarchist' base"
2975:. Liverpool University Press.
2487:"The Spring of Social Centres"
2441:Chatterton, Paul, ed. (2008).
2153:Chatterton, Paul, ed. (2008).
1418:Advisory Service for Squatters
669:Autonomous Centre of Edinburgh
385:Autonomous Centre of Edinburgh
1:
4792:Erection of Cottages Act 1588
4060:London Action Resource Centre
2768:Sizemore (26 February 2007).
2679:10.1080/13604813.2016.1153919
2038:. In Chatterton, Paul (ed.).
1908:. Routledge. pp. 58–61.
1862:. In Chatterton, Paul (ed.).
1395:Social Centre Network UK/WISE
1387:London Social Centres Network
855:Oxford Action Resource Centre
828:London Action Resource Centre
691:1995 (squatted), 2006 (owned)
562:London Action Resource Centre
97:self-managed centres in Italy
4199:Camas Bookstore and Infoshop
3299:10.1016/j.emospa.2021.100849
2606:. Radical Manchester. 2009.
2516:Lyndsey (15 February 2011).
2273:"Social Centre under Threat"
2218:"The social centres roundup"
2005:"The Social Centre Bulletin"
2908:Diane Taylor (2008-08-27).
1804:Wakefield, Stacey (2003) .
902:Current building since 2001
313:formed in 1984, running an
215:anti-globalization movement
136:Self-managed social centres
49:self-managed social centres
4933:
4807:Land Registration Act 2002
4356:Self-managed social centre
4285:Old Market Autonomous Zone
3996:Vrijplaats Koppenhinksteeg
3795:Centro Sociale Leoncavallo
3515:"Social Centres Gathering"
3459:Queen's University Belfast
3287:Emotion, Space and Society
2582:. Bristol: Tangent Books.
2336:. Chronicle. 9 June 2018.
1210:2012–2014 (four locations)
1203:London Queer Social Centre
180:self-managed social centre
176:Landless Workers' Movement
131:The 1 in 12 Club, Bradford
4866:
4464:
4384:
4280:Iron Rail Book Collective
3066:10.1080/13604810600982222
2803:. PM Press. p. 167.
2131:. Liverpool. 2015-01-19.
1749:10.1080/13604810600982222
525:, which was connected to
245:The Cowley Club, Brighton
64:or the Okasional Café in
4630:Bloomsbury Social Centre
4260:Brian MacKenzie Infoshop
4101:Bloomsbury Social Centre
3730:Kulturzentrum Bremgarten
3586:Franks, Benjamin (2006)
3544:Glasgow Autonomous Space
2578:Macindoe, Molly (2011).
1686:10.1177/1206331205277350
1051:Bloomsbury Social Centre
835:1999 bought, 2002 opened
801:Glasgow Autonomous Space
601:List of current projects
576:and the Mayday Rooms on
519:Bloomsbury social centre
18:Glasgow Autonomous Space
4843:Principality of Sealand
4136:Wapping Autonomy Centre
3600:Meltzer, Albert (1996)
3485:"London Social Centres"
2390:Berger, George (2006).
1537:Chatterton, P. (2008).
1343:Wapping Autonomy Centre
937:List of former projects
887:2006, new location 2018
460:Wapping Autonomy Centre
152:Wapping Autonomy Centre
4275:Internationalist Books
3356:East London advertiser
3209:www.checkcompany.co.uk
2882:The Anarchist Cookbook
2831:. London. 2018-11-29.
2224:. London. 2018-09-23.
1383:
1260:Red and Black Umbrella
655:Aberdeen Social Centre
593:occupied flats on the
539:The Really Free School
497:was first squatted by
455:
302:
246:
211:Peoples' Global Action
190:communities set up by
132:
37:
4797:Criminal Law Act 1977
4665:M11 link road protest
4655:Kew Bridge Ecovillage
4518:London Street Commune
4376:Intentional Community
3753:Syndikalistiskt Forum
3725:Ernst-Kirchweger-Haus
3642:Radical events agenda
2910:"Positive occupation"
2757:on 29 September 2007.
2416:"Brixton: 121 Centre"
2247:"Welcome to Partisan"
2155:"The Casa, Liverpool"
1860:"The Kebele, Bristol"
1452:Martin, Andy (1994).
1381:
1163:George's X Chalkboard
508:Elephant & Castle
504:Anarchist Black Cross
453:
329:has the long-running
300:
244:
203:Criminal Justice Bill
198:in the 19th century.
178:(MST) in Brazil, the
158:and the still extant
130:
35:
4902:Community organizing
4838:Occupation (protest)
4690:Spike Surplus Scheme
4214:Interference Archive
4126:Spike Surplus Scheme
4111:DIY Space for London
3572:Atton, Chris (2010)
2825:"Welcome to Partisa"
2485:L., Alessio (2007).
2095:"Social Centres Map"
2034:Durie, Nick (2008).
1951:. 15 November 2011.
1770:Adam, Ricky (2017).
1382:DIY Space for London
1365:1986–2003, 2011–2018
1302:Spike Surplus Scheme
1225:2001–2006, 2007–2007
1107:DIY Space For London
558:DIY Space For London
491:Spike Surplus Scheme
479:Flux of Pink Indians
440:workers co-operative
343:housing co-operative
4848:Reclaim the Streets
4219:Lucy Parsons Center
2721:. 16 January 2015.
884:Newcastle upon Tyne
698:Blackcurrent Centre
531:Reclaim the Streets
172:working men's clubs
101:working men's clubs
4833:New Age Travellers
4787:Adverse possession
4766:Heathcote Williams
4528:Really Free School
4513:Justice Not Crisis
4393:Category:Infoshops
4204:Civic Media Center
4121:Really Free School
3943:Kunsthaus Tacheles
3094:. 11 November 2021
2392:The Story of Crass
1384:
1274:Really Free School
584:Occasional centres
456:
394:Terrorism Act 2000
311:Warzone Collective
303:
259:anti-authoritarian
247:
222:What's This Place?
133:
57:anti-authoritarian
38:
4884:
4883:
4714:Notable squatters
4574:Bonnington Square
4493:Exodus Collective
4400:
4399:
4326:Alternative media
4293:
4292:
4270:Catalyst Infoshop
4158:
4157:
4154:
4153:
3986:De Blauwe Aanslag
3880:Eskalera Karakola
3790:Cascina Torchiera
3574:Alternative Media
3495:on 6 January 2020
3489:Autonomous London
3235:on 2 January 2020
3124:on 2 January 2020
3118:The Wire Magazine
2810:978-1-60486-683-4
2780:on 2 January 2020
2371:on 8 January 2020
2279:on 6 January 2020
2099:Organise Magazine
1915:978-1-136-58072-7
1674:Space and Culture
1371:
1370:
934:
933:
595:Carpenters Estate
213:meetings and the
188:utopian socialist
53:community centres
16:(Redirected from
4924:
4874:
4873:
4771:Christian Wolmar
4605:102 Eaton Square
4562:Legalized squats
4543:The Land is Ours
4470:
4469:
4453:Right to housing
4427:
4420:
4413:
4404:
4391:
4390:
4336:Community centre
4169:
4015:
3928:Patio Maravillas
3805:Forte Prenestino
3710:
3671:
3664:
3657:
3648:
3560:
3559:
3557:
3555:
3550:on 24 March 2019
3546:. Archived from
3536:
3530:
3529:
3527:
3526:
3511:
3505:
3504:
3502:
3500:
3491:. Archived from
3481:
3475:
3474:
3472:
3470:
3451:
3445:
3444:
3443:
3441:
3409:
3403:
3402:
3400:
3398:
3378:
3372:
3371:
3369:
3367:
3348:
3342:
3341:
3339:
3337:
3332:on 24 April 2019
3328:. Archived from
3317:
3311:
3310:
3282:
3276:
3275:
3273:
3271:
3251:
3245:
3244:
3242:
3240:
3225:
3219:
3218:
3216:
3215:
3201:
3195:
3194:
3192:
3190:
3181:. 4 March 2016.
3171:
3165:
3164:
3162:
3160:
3140:
3134:
3133:
3131:
3129:
3110:
3104:
3103:
3101:
3099:
3084:
3078:
3077:
3049:
3038:
3037:
3035:
3033:
3024:. 1 April 2001.
3018:
3012:
3011:
2993:
2987:
2986:
2968:
2962:
2961:
2959:
2957:
2937:
2931:
2930:
2928:
2927:
2905:
2896:
2895:
2877:
2871:
2870:
2850:
2844:
2843:
2841:
2840:
2821:
2815:
2814:
2796:
2790:
2789:
2787:
2785:
2776:. Archived from
2765:
2759:
2758:
2741:
2735:
2734:
2732:
2730:
2711:
2705:
2704:
2702:
2701:
2695:
2664:
2655:
2646:
2645:
2643:
2641:
2636:on 24 March 2019
2626:
2620:
2619:
2617:
2615:
2600:
2594:
2593:
2575:
2569:
2568:
2566:
2564:
2544:
2538:
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2535:
2533:
2513:
2507:
2506:
2504:
2502:
2482:
2473:
2472:
2470:
2468:
2438:
2432:
2431:
2429:
2427:
2412:
2406:
2405:
2387:
2381:
2380:
2378:
2376:
2367:. Archived from
2356:
2350:
2349:
2347:
2345:
2330:
2324:
2323:
2321:
2319:
2310:. 30 June 2017.
2300:
2289:
2288:
2286:
2284:
2269:
2263:
2262:
2260:
2258:
2243:
2237:
2236:
2234:
2233:
2214:
2185:
2184:
2182:
2180:
2150:
2144:
2143:
2141:
2140:
2121:
2115:
2114:
2112:
2110:
2091:
2066:
2065:
2063:
2061:
2031:
2025:
2024:
2022:
2020:
2000:
1991:
1990:
1988:
1986:
1971:
1965:
1964:
1962:
1960:
1941:
1932:
1931:
1929:
1927:
1899:
1890:
1889:
1887:
1885:
1855:
1849:
1848:
1846:
1844:
1829:
1820:
1819:
1801:
1786:
1785:
1767:
1761:
1760:
1732:
1723:
1722:
1704:
1698:
1697:
1669:
1654:
1653:
1633:
1622:
1621:
1601:
1595:
1594:
1576:
1567:
1566:
1564:
1562:
1534:
1528:
1527:
1515:
1498:
1497:
1479:
1473:
1472:
1470:
1469:
1449:
947:
758:Feminist Library
608:
469:. Bands such as
268:exhibition space
184:Rose Street Club
109:exhibition space
105:Rose Street Club
43:can be found in
21:
4932:
4931:
4927:
4926:
4925:
4923:
4922:
4921:
4887:
4886:
4885:
4880:
4862:
4816:
4780:Legal framework
4775:
4709:
4588:
4557:
4476:Squatter groups
4471:
4467:
4462:
4436:
4431:
4401:
4396:
4380:
4314:
4289:
4265:The Brick House
4243:
4234:Spartacus Books
4209:Firestorm Books
4164:
4150:
4069:
4009:
4002:
3952:Czech Republic
3908:La Ingobernable
3886:
3701:
3680:
3675:
3618:
3569:
3567:Further reading
3564:
3563:
3553:
3551:
3538:
3537:
3533:
3524:
3522:
3513:
3512:
3508:
3498:
3496:
3483:
3482:
3478:
3468:
3466:
3453:
3452:
3448:
3439:
3437:
3430:
3411:
3410:
3406:
3396:
3394:
3387:Daily Telegraph
3380:
3379:
3375:
3365:
3363:
3350:
3349:
3345:
3335:
3333:
3319:
3318:
3314:
3284:
3283:
3279:
3269:
3267:
3260:Hackney Gazette
3253:
3252:
3248:
3238:
3236:
3227:
3226:
3222:
3213:
3211:
3203:
3202:
3198:
3188:
3186:
3173:
3172:
3168:
3158:
3156:
3142:
3141:
3137:
3127:
3125:
3112:
3111:
3107:
3097:
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3031:
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3020:
3019:
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3008:
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2874:
2852:
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2847:
2838:
2836:
2823:
2822:
2818:
2811:
2798:
2797:
2793:
2783:
2781:
2767:
2766:
2762:
2743:
2742:
2738:
2728:
2726:
2713:
2712:
2708:
2699:
2697:
2693:
2662:
2657:
2656:
2649:
2639:
2637:
2628:
2627:
2623:
2613:
2611:
2602:
2601:
2597:
2590:
2589:978-190647743-1
2577:
2576:
2572:
2562:
2560:
2546:
2545:
2541:
2531:
2529:
2515:
2514:
2510:
2500:
2498:
2491:Occupied London
2484:
2483:
2476:
2466:
2464:
2457:
2440:
2439:
2435:
2425:
2423:
2414:
2413:
2409:
2402:
2389:
2388:
2384:
2374:
2372:
2358:
2357:
2353:
2343:
2341:
2332:
2331:
2327:
2317:
2315:
2302:
2301:
2292:
2282:
2280:
2271:
2270:
2266:
2256:
2254:
2245:
2244:
2240:
2231:
2229:
2216:
2215:
2188:
2178:
2176:
2169:
2152:
2151:
2147:
2138:
2136:
2123:
2122:
2118:
2108:
2106:
2093:
2092:
2069:
2059:
2057:
2050:
2033:
2032:
2028:
2018:
2016:
2002:
2001:
1994:
1984:
1982:
1981:. 14 March 2006
1973:
1972:
1968:
1958:
1956:
1943:
1942:
1935:
1925:
1923:
1916:
1901:
1900:
1893:
1883:
1881:
1874:
1857:
1856:
1852:
1842:
1840:
1831:
1830:
1823:
1816:
1803:
1802:
1789:
1782:
1769:
1768:
1764:
1734:
1733:
1726:
1719:
1706:
1705:
1701:
1671:
1670:
1657:
1635:
1634:
1625:
1603:
1602:
1598:
1591:
1578:
1577:
1570:
1560:
1558:
1551:
1536:
1535:
1531:
1517:
1516:
1501:
1494:
1481:
1480:
1476:
1467:
1465:
1451:
1450:
1446:
1441:
1414:
1397:
1389:
1376:
994:Aardvark Centre
944:
939:
881:Star and Shadow
842:Next to Nowhere
788:Sylvia's Corner
603:
586:
448:
405:dockers' strike
361:Easton, Bristol
295:
255:self-management
239:
230:anti-capitalist
192:Charles Fourier
125:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4930:
4928:
4920:
4919:
4914:
4909:
4904:
4899:
4889:
4888:
4882:
4881:
4879:
4878:
4867:
4864:
4863:
4861:
4860:
4855:
4850:
4845:
4840:
4835:
4830:
4824:
4822:
4818:
4817:
4815:
4814:
4809:
4804:
4799:
4794:
4789:
4783:
4781:
4777:
4776:
4774:
4773:
4768:
4763:
4758:
4753:
4748:
4746:Harry Hallowes
4743:
4738:
4733:
4728:
4723:
4717:
4715:
4711:
4710:
4708:
4707:
4702:
4697:
4695:St Agnes Place
4692:
4687:
4682:
4677:
4672:
4670:Matilda Centre
4667:
4662:
4657:
4652:
4647:
4642:
4640:Centro Iberico
4637:
4635:Cardboard City
4632:
4627:
4622:
4617:
4612:
4607:
4602:
4596:
4594:
4590:
4589:
4587:
4586:
4581:
4576:
4571:
4565:
4563:
4559:
4558:
4556:
4555:
4550:
4545:
4540:
4535:
4530:
4525:
4520:
4515:
4510:
4505:
4500:
4495:
4490:
4488:Da! collective
4485:
4479:
4477:
4473:
4472:
4465:
4463:
4461:
4460:
4455:
4450:
4444:
4442:
4438:
4437:
4432:
4430:
4429:
4422:
4415:
4407:
4398:
4397:
4385:
4382:
4381:
4379:
4378:
4373:
4368:
4363:
4358:
4353:
4348:
4343:
4338:
4333:
4328:
4322:
4320:
4316:
4315:
4313:
4312:
4307:
4301:
4299:
4295:
4294:
4291:
4290:
4288:
4287:
4282:
4277:
4272:
4267:
4262:
4257:
4251:
4249:
4245:
4244:
4242:
4241:
4236:
4231:
4226:
4221:
4216:
4211:
4206:
4201:
4196:
4191:
4186:
4181:
4175:
4173:
4166:
4160:
4159:
4156:
4155:
4152:
4151:
4149:
4148:
4143:
4141:Warzone Centre
4138:
4133:
4131:St Agnes Place
4128:
4123:
4118:
4113:
4108:
4106:Centro Iberico
4103:
4098:
4093:
4088:
4083:
4077:
4075:
4071:
4070:
4068:
4067:
4062:
4057:
4052:
4047:
4042:
4037:
4032:
4027:
4021:
4019:
4012:
4004:
4003:
4001:
4000:
3999:
3998:
3993:
3988:
3983:
3978:
3970:
3969:
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3963:
3958:
3950:
3945:
3940:
3935:
3930:
3925:
3920:
3915:
3910:
3905:
3900:
3894:
3892:
3888:
3887:
3885:
3884:
3883:
3882:
3877:
3872:
3864:
3863:
3862:
3857:
3852:
3844:
3843:
3842:
3837:
3832:
3830:Landbouwbelang
3827:
3822:
3817:
3809:
3808:
3807:
3802:
3797:
3792:
3782:
3781:
3780:
3775:
3770:
3762:
3761:
3760:
3755:
3747:
3742:
3737:
3732:
3727:
3722:
3716:
3714:
3707:
3703:
3702:
3700:
3699:
3694:
3688:
3686:
3682:
3681:
3676:
3674:
3673:
3666:
3659:
3651:
3645:
3644:
3639:
3634:
3629:
3624:
3617:
3616:External links
3614:
3613:
3612:
3598:
3584:
3568:
3565:
3562:
3561:
3531:
3506:
3476:
3446:
3428:
3404:
3373:
3343:
3312:
3277:
3246:
3220:
3196:
3166:
3149:Loud And Quiet
3135:
3105:
3079:
3060:(3): 305–315.
3039:
3013:
3006:
2988:
2982:978-0853239291
2981:
2963:
2932:
2897:
2890:
2872:
2845:
2816:
2809:
2791:
2760:
2736:
2706:
2673:(2): 297–320.
2647:
2621:
2595:
2588:
2570:
2539:
2508:
2474:
2455:
2433:
2407:
2401:978-1846094026
2400:
2382:
2351:
2325:
2290:
2264:
2238:
2186:
2167:
2145:
2116:
2067:
2048:
2026:
1992:
1966:
1933:
1914:
1891:
1872:
1850:
1821:
1814:
1787:
1780:
1762:
1743:(3): 305–315.
1724:
1717:
1699:
1680:(3): 286–301.
1655:
1623:
1596:
1590:978-1604866834
1589:
1568:
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1369:
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1366:
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1358:Warzone Centre
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1151:
1147:
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1138:
1131:
1130:
1128:
1125:
1122:
1121:Ex-Grand Banks
1118:
1117:
1115:
1112:
1109:
1103:
1102:
1100:
1097:
1094:
1090:
1089:
1087:
1084:
1081:
1079:Centro Iberico
1075:
1074:
1072:
1069:
1066:
1065:Button Factory
1062:
1061:
1059:
1056:
1053:
1047:
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1038:
1032:
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961:
960:
957:
954:
951:
938:
935:
932:
931:
929:
926:
923:
922:Wharf Chambers
919:
918:
916:
913:
910:
909:Warehouse Café
906:
905:
903:
900:
897:
891:
890:
888:
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882:
878:
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872:
869:
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582:
568:, DeCentre at
550:gentrification
447:
444:
403:following the
294:
291:
287:Radical Routes
238:
235:
148:Centro Iberico
140:United Kingdom
124:
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26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
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4:
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4821:Linked topics
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4680:Oval Mansions
4678:
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4660:Lyndhurst Way
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4625:Bank of Ideas
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4620:Argyle Street
4618:
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4366:Temporary use
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4184:Bluestockings
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4091:Bank of Ideas
4089:
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3938:Seomra Spraoi
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3425:
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3405:
3392:
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3362:on 2 May 2019
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3007:9781138570450
3003:
3000:. Routledge.
2999:
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2658:Watt (2016).
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2101:. Organise!.
2100:
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2049:9780853162704
2045:
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2014:
2010:
2006:
1999:
1997:
1993:
1980:
1976:
1970:
1967:
1954:
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1934:
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1911:
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1906:
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1869:
1865:
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1854:
1851:
1838:
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1822:
1817:
1811:
1808:. Evil Twin.
1807:
1800:
1798:
1796:
1794:
1792:
1788:
1783:
1781:9788862085106
1777:
1773:
1766:
1763:
1758:
1754:
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1718:9780745326375
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1569:
1556:
1552:
1550:9780853162704
1546:
1542:
1541:
1533:
1530:
1526:(1): 176–198.
1525:
1521:
1514:
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1506:
1504:
1500:
1495:
1493:9780745326375
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1259:
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1234:
1232:Radical Dairy
1231:
1230:
1227:
1224:
1221:
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1024:
1021:
1020:
1017:
1014:
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1009:
1008:Bank of Ideas
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1005:
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993:
992:
989:
986:
983:
981:
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743:Freedom Press
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583:
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566:Bethnal Green
563:
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546:
544:
540:
536:
532:
528:
527:Occupy London
524:
523:Bank of Ideas
520:
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500:
496:
492:
488:
484:
480:
476:
472:
468:
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429:
428:Forest Fields
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293:Around the UK
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253:principle of
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4736:Piers Corbyn
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4386:
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4065:Sumac Centre
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4007:
3972:Netherlands
3966:Squat Milada
3948:Villa Amalia
3811:Netherlands
3745:Ungdomshuset
3601:
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3548:the original
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3092:Common House
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2946:The Guardian
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2009:Freedom News
2008:
1983:. Retrieved
1978:
1969:
1957:. Retrieved
1949:Wales Online
1948:
1924:. Retrieved
1904:
1882:. Retrieved
1863:
1858:Tim (2008).
1853:
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1580:
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1539:
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1466:. Retrieved
1457:
1447:
1405:Sumac Centre
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1390:
1218:Medina House
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940:
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547:
516:
499:Olive Morris
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320:
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3913:Factory Rog
3825:Grote Broek
3768:Trotz Allem
3697:Salon Mazal
3189:24 November
3032:24 November
2729:19 December
2418:. Urban75.
2394:. Omnibus.
1926:14 February
1644:: 189–191.
1612:: 185–188.
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980:491 Gallery
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617:Established
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4081:121 Centre
4050:The Forest
3870:Can Masdeu
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3293:: 100849.
3214:2023-11-02
3179:past tense
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2926:2008-09-21
2839:2019-03-24
2719:The Mirror
2700:2020-01-12
2232:2019-03-24
2139:2019-03-24
1815:0971297290
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1835:. Argus.
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1618:1462-5989
1606:Do or die
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1309:1999–2009
1294:2011–2011
1281:2011–2011
1266:2011–2015
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1195:2015–2017
1182:2018–2019
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2257:26 March
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2013:Archived
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1920:Archived
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3159:12 July
3098:3 April
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2308:Freedom
2222:Freedom
2019:30 June
1985:30 June
1959:30 June
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1329:Subrosa
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688:Bristol
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4248:Former
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3800:Cox 18
3706:Europe
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1192:London
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1124:London
1111:London
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1071:?–2001
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1012:London
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969:London
858:Oxford
832:London
814:Ground
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