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97:: GPEI, from top left to right: polio vaccination in India (2002), a morning briefing on how to vaccinate children in Pakistan, polio vaccine in the DRC, polio vaccination in Egypt, polio sequelle, checking for polio vaccination marks in Pakistan, bear in mind the live OPV vaccine taken orally confers protection to unvaccinated but may in rare cases cause vaccine-derived polio if populations are not sufficiently immunized.
279:
to be certified free of polio transmissions. By 2012 the initial number of estimated cases in 1988 of 350,000 across 125 endemic countries had dropped to 650 confirmed cases. As of 2020, five of the six WHO regions are now certified polio-eradicated (Europe, the
Americas, Africa, South-East Asian, and Western Pacific Region).
278:
was created to oversee the certification of the eradication of wild-type poliovirus transmissions. Certification for the six WHO regions requires all of the countries in that region to be certified by the commission. By 2000, both the regions of the
Western Pacific and the Americas met the criteria
164:
voted for the Global Polio
Eradication Initiative. At the time, there were 125 countries with endemic polio. Efforts were built upon those used to control wild poliovirus in the Americas in the early 1980s, and on lessons from
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681:
83:
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cases among children under 15 years old (in order to determine areas where the virus is truly eradicated), and conducting "mop up" campaigns in areas where cases of polio have been identified.
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As of 2021, the GPEI had raised 18 billion dollars in funding, with annual contributions around 800 million to 1 billion dollars. Around 30% of the funding came from the
76:
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The strategy for the eradication of polio rests on immunising every at-risk child until there is no one left for the disease to transmit to, and the disease eventually dies out.
47:
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30% from developed governments, 27% from countries at risk of polio, and the rest was made up of donations from nonprofits, private funders, and other foundations.
260:, meant to cover polio immunisations for around 370 million children yearly, provide measles vaccines, and build health systems to adapt to other health risks.
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503:
820:
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486:
588:
Aylward, Bruce (2011). "2. Lessons from the late stages of the global polio eradication initiative". In Cochi, Stephen L.; Dowdle, Walter R. (eds.).
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Key tactics used by the GPEI include strengthening childhood immunisation through oral vaccines, conducting surveillance through investigation of
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began a campaign to raise U.S. $ 100 million by its 100th anniversary, for the purpose of dealing with global polio. The following year, the
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At the peak of its work, the programme directly employed 4000 people across 75 countries and managed a budget of nearly U.S. $ 1 billion.
665:
599:
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54:
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Hall, Robert G. (2011). "5. Political and social determinants of disease eradication". In Cochi, Stephen L.; Dowdle, Walter R. (eds.).
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682:"New funding, to protect 370 million children from polio every year, puts world on verge of eradicating polio once and for all"
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748:"Marking five years of polio-free certification, WHO South-East Asia Region uses polio legacy to enhance overall immunization"
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36:
893:
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was certified polio-free in 2014, and Africa was declared polio free in 2020. The only countries with endemic polio were
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funded €500 million to the Global Polio
Eradication Initiative in 2023. This is part of a new initiative along with the
212:
is in charge of the distribution of the vaccine and helping countries develop communication and awareness strategies.
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Technical
Consultative Group to the World Health Organization on the Global Eradication of Poliomyelitis (2002).
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493:. Fifteenth meeting of the European Regional Certification Commission Copenhagen, 19–21 June 2002, p. 25
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Rotary
International, whose responsibilities include fundraising, advocacy, and volunteer recruitment
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196:), who are responsible for planning, technical direction, surveillance and eradication certification
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The End of Polio?: Behind the Scenes of the
Campaign to Vaccinate Every Child on the Planet
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979:
889:
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206:, who are in charge of deploying scientists and public health experts to WHO and UNICEF
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338:"The global polio eradication initiative: Lessons learned and prospects for success"
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The initiative is spearheaded by the following organisations in the form of
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344:. Smallpox Eradication after 30 Years: Lessons, Legacies and Innovations.
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Disease
Eradication in the 21st Century: Implications for Global Health
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Disease
Eradication in the 21st Century: Implications for Global Health
148:, it is the largest international public health initiative in history.
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540:
209:
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707:
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504:"Unicef's Engagement in the Global Polio Eradication Initiative"
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Duintjer
Tebbens, Radboud J.; et al. (December 16, 2010).
124:
805:
708:""Endgame" Issues for the Global Polio Eradication Initiative"
385:"Economic analysis of the global polio eradication initiative"
541:"Challenges faced by the global polio eradication initiative"
310:, a short documentary about the effort to eradicate polio
336:
Aylward, Bruce; Tangermann, Rudolf (December 30, 2011).
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436:. American Public Health Association. p. 74.
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314:List of diseases eliminated from the United States
1079:London Declaration on Neglected Tropical Diseases
136:is an initiative created in 1988, just after the
1241:International medical and health organizations
828:
8:
594:. Cambridge: The MIT Press. pp. 13–24.
484:"Certification of Poliomyelitis Eradication"
463:. Cambridge: The MIT Press. pp. 49–50.
654:Bank, European Investment (June 13, 2024).
1068:
1013:
856:
835:
821:
813:
616:"GPEI-Historical Contributions, 1988-2020"
539:Wassilak/Orenstein, Steven/Walter (2010).
24:Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI)
20:
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218:provided a large portion of the funding.
1094:Malaria Eradication Scientific Alliance
325:
7:
1120:National Malaria Eradication Program
1084:Global Polio Eradication Initiative
780:Global Polio Eradication Initiative
762:"Africa eradicates wild poliovirus"
258:Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation
142:eradicate the disease poliomyelitis
134:Global Polio Eradication Initiative
844:Eradication of infectious diseases
657:EIB Global Impact Report 2023/2024
301:Eradication of infectious diseases
14:
1183:Mathematical modelling of disease
1050:Bovine spongiform encephalopathy
82:
75:
64:
53:
46:
35:
1115:Boll Weevil Eradication Program
1089:Global Certification Commission
630:"Vaccination funding landscape"
276:Global Certification Commission
270:Global Certification Commission
1:
894:Eradication of dracunculiasis
401:10.1016/j.vaccine.2010.10.026
354:10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.10.005
16:Initiative to eradicate polio
712:Clinical Infectious Diseases
660:. European Investment Bank.
169:. Its first coordinator was
186:multistakeholder governance
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267:
1178:Globalization and disease
1028:Eradication of rinderpest
545:Expert Review of Vaccines
194:World Health Organization
146:World Health Organization
28:
1210:Tuberculosis elimination
1130:India National PolioPlus
686:European Investment Bank
489:October 8, 2020, at the
254:European Investment Bank
871:Eradication of smallpox
224:acute flaccid paralysis
914:Eradication of malaria
177:Strategy and structure
1010:agricultural diseases
430:Brookes, Tim (2007).
162:World Health Assembly
138:World Health Assembly
948:Lymphatic filariasis
216:The Gates Foundation
167:smallpox eradication
158:Rotary International
924:Eradication of yaws
764:. October 10, 2023.
250:European Commission
520:on August 11, 2016
1228:
1227:
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1142:Polio in Pakistan
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904:Polio eradication
776:"Data Monitoring"
667:978-92-861-5769-1
601:978-0-262-01673-5
558:10.1586/erv.10.45
470:978-0-262-01673-5
443:978-0-87553-186-1
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1148:Every Last Child
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1045:Ovine rinderpest
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806:Official website
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125:Official website
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851:Eradication of
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783:. Retrieved
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718:(1): 72–77.
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689:. Retrieved
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634:Givewell.org
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515:the original
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291:as of 2021.
274:In 1995 the
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140:resolved to
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131:
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18:
1215:Vaccination
1135:Pulse Polio
1063:Eradication
348:: D80–D85.
285:Afghanistan
1235:Categories
1198:horizontal
1024:Rinderpest
1017:Successful
936:(regional)
860:Successful
511:Unicef.org
320:References
264:Evaluation
409:0264-410X
362:0264-410X
171:Nick Ward
108:Worldwide
1220:Zoonosis
1203:vertical
1188:Pandemic
1103:Regional
1065:programs
1038:Underway
985:Syphilis
975:Trachoma
943:Hookworm
934:Underway
883:(global)
881:Underway
867:Smallpox
785:June 20,
734:11731948
691:June 27,
639:June 20,
575:37377866
567:20450316
524:June 21,
487:Archived
417:21029809
370:22486981
295:See also
289:Pakistan
256:and the
156:In 1987
113:Launched
995:Leprosy
970:Rubella
958:vaccine
953:Measles
910:Malaria
389:Vaccine
342:Vaccine
230:Funding
152:History
121:Website
105:Country
1126:India
1072:Global
990:Rabies
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252:, the
210:UNICEF
1246:Polio
900:Polio
571:S2CID
518:(PDF)
507:(PDF)
281:India
192:WHO (
920:Yaws
787:2016
730:PMID
693:2024
662:ISBN
641:2016
596:ISBN
563:PMID
526:2016
465:ISBN
438:ISBN
413:PMID
405:ISSN
366:PMID
358:ISSN
287:and
244:The
202:The
132:The
116:1988
95:text
720:doi
553:doi
397:doi
350:doi
246:EIB
204:CDC
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
