Knowledge (XXG)

Glossary of wine terms

Source 📝

1581: 5025: 7283: 6997: 6705: 4888: 542: 3586: 5937: 689: 4821: 1956: 983: 1232: 653:
Like biodynamic agriculture in general, biodynamic grape-growing stems from the ideas and suggestions of Rudolf Steiner (1861.1925), which predate most of the organic movement. The principles and practices of biodynamics are based on his spiritual/practical philosophy which includes understanding the
3492:
and becomes oxidized, another part loses oxygen and becomes reduced. Early in its life, a wine will exhibit oxidative aromas and traits due to the relatively recent influence and exposure of oxygen when the wine was barrel aged and/or bottled. As the wine ages and is shut off from a supply of oxygen
2230:
Spanish aging designation that for red wine stipulates that it has been aged for a total of 5 years after harvest with at least 18 months in oak (in Rioja and Ribera del Duero the minimum is 24 months). For Spanish white wines the requirement is 4 years of total aging with at least 6 months in oak
2731:
Originally created in California, these blended wines can be summed up as the "American Bordeaux". The term is a blend of the words "merit" and "heritage" and pronounced the same. The Red blend is made from at least 2 of the 5 Bordeaux grape varieties: Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Cabernet Franc,
3098:
A sweet fortified wine, which is produced from grapes grown and processed in the Douro region of Portugal. This wine is fortified with the addition of distilled grape spirits in order to boost the alcohol content and stop fermentation thus preserving some of the natural grape sugars. Several
3517:
Spanish aging designation. For red wines this means that a wine has been aged for at least 3 years following harvest with at least 12 months in oak. For Spanish white wines, the designation means that the wine has been aged for at least 18 months with at least 6 of those months in
4062:(QWPSR) such as French AOC and Italian DOCG wines until both terms were eliminated in 2009. Now most European wines that were formally labeled as "Table Wines" are just labeled as "Wine" while those that were labeled as "Table Wine with a Geographical Indication" are now 2082:
A fermented alcoholic beverage made from non-grape fruit juice which may or may not include the addition of sugar or honey. Fruit wines are always called "something" wines (e.g., plum wine), since the word wine alone is often legally defined as a beverage made only from
854:
Whole, uncrushed grapes are fermented in a sealed vat containing a layer of carbon dioxide. This results in fruity, soft and distinct red wines. These wines have little tannin and are immediately drinkable. This is the method used throughout France's Beaujolais
1148:
of wine that states that a wine will remain at its peak (or optimal) drinking quality for as long as it took to reach the point of maturity. For example, if a wine is drinking at its peak at 1 year of age, it will continue drinking at its peak for another
2306:
from different wineries in a region), as opposed to a vertical tasting which involves of the same wine through different vintages. In a horizontal tasting, keeping wine variety or type and wine region the same helps emphasize differences in winery
1328:
it is 12 months in oak) and a total of 24 months before release. For Spanish whites there is no minimum oak aging but a Crianza designated wines needs to be kept at the winery for at least 18 months after harvest before being released to the
4057:
also refers to a wine that is considered a good, everyday drinker. In the European Union, the "Table Wine" category (and "Table Wine with a Geographical Indication") was previously the quality category that came below "Quality Wines" or
3527:
Terms given to wine to indicate that it is of higher quality than usual sometimes with longer aging and higher alcohol levels. Outside of the use of "Reserva" in Spanish wines, these terms usually have no official standings or
1425:
that refers to the building or room where fermentation takes place. Essentially, the room, building, grange, barn, garage or shed, or other building, used for "making wine." When the grapes are first picked, they arrive at the
375:), as specified under French law. The AOC laws specify and delimit the geography from which a particular wine (or other food product) may originate and methods by which it may be made. The regulations are administered by the 3414:
Earthenware vessels used for the fermentation, storage and ageing of traditional Georgian wine. Resembling large, egg-shaped amphorae without handles, they are either buried below ground or set into the floors of large wine
421:
Best described as a matured Fino. After the flor dies, the yeast sinks to the bottom of the wine and is no longer able to protect the Sherry from oxidation. The now unprotected Sherry begins to take on a rich and deep nutty
2833:
The sparkling effervescence of a wine. In the glass it perceived as the bubbling but the surface of the glass can affect this perception. Premium quality sparkling wine has a mousse composed of small, persistent string of
4527:
from five different years. This emphasizes differences between various vintages for a specific wine. In a horizontal tasting, the wines are all from the same vintage but are from different wineries or microclimates.
3537:
The unfermented sugar left over in the wine after fermentation. All wines, including those labeled as "dry wines" contain some residual sugars due to the presence of unfermentable sugars in the grape must such as
3651:
French, Italian, Spanish and Portuguese terms for a dry wine. In Champagne production, "Sec" wines are actually medium-dry being sweeter than Brut and Extra Dry with 12-17 grams/liter of sugar added in the
1203:
Italian term for a trade organization of wine producers. Often members of individual consorzio will have their wines packaged with a specific neck label that identifies their membership in the consorzio.
3259:
Wine labeling term introduced to the European Union in 2009 to replace the "Table Wine" designation. Used to denote a wine with lower specification and regulation than that with a PDO or GI designation.
1185:
region based on the age of the spirit ranging from 00 for a newly distilled spirit to 2 for a VS ("Very Special"), 4 for a VSOP Reserve, 6 for a Napoleon XO (extra old) and 10 for the longest aged XO.
3187:. While premium wines maybe very expensive there is no set price point that distinguishes when a wine becomes a "premium wine." Premium wines generally have more aging potential than every day 4793:
Vintage is the process of picking grapes and creating the finished product. A vintage wine is one made from grapes that were all, or primarily, grown and harvested in a single specified year.
1834:
A European Union directive initiated in 1992 that mandates every bottle of wine produced or sold in the European Union to include a designated lot number. This allows identified defective or
1227:
where the trunk itself is the only permanent, inflexible piece of the vine, cordon trained vines have one or two woody arms extending from the top of the trunk. These are then spur pruned.
3764:
and a finished alcohol level of at least 12.5% with no more than 8 g/L residual sugar. These wines are usually the most rich and full-bodied wines from the Wachau that are often made from
2237:
Spanish term for a sparkling wine that has been tank fermented as opposed to going through secondary fermentation in the bottle according to the Traditional Method used for Cava production
1161:
A mass-produced wine aimed for a wide market of consumers made according to a set formula, year after year. These wines tend to emphasize broad appeal and easy drinkability rather than
1592:
A cover that slips over the neck of a wine bottle and absorbs any drips that may run down the bottle after pouring, preventing stains to table cloths, counter tops or other surfaces.
747:
A container with a neck that is narrower than the body and a "mouth." Modern wine bottles are nearly always made of glass because it is nonporous, strong, and aesthetically pleasing.
4185:
French cask capable of holding 900 litres (240 US gal) or the equivalent of 100 cases of twelve standard 750 mL (75 cL) bottles of wine. Historically associated with
4539:" in French, sometimes written as the initials V.V. It is not a regulated term with no official or legal definition of "Vieilles vignes" in any of the wine regions of France. 4271:
The space between the wine and the top of a wine bottle. As a wine ages, the space of ullage will increase as the wine gradually evaporates and seeps through the cork. The
795:
Cane pruning is when one or two canes from a vine's previous year's growth are cut back to six to fifteen buds which will be the coming growing season's grape producers.
964:, common in Bordeaux. Usually different types of wine are kept in separate sheds. The person in charge of vinification and ageing of all wine made at an estate, or the 5233: 2918:
that results in dehydrated and shrivelled grapes that are high in concentrated sugar. Noble Rot grapes are an essential component of many Austrian and German wines.
3975:
French and Italian terms that indicate a wine has a higher alcohol level and may have received more aging prior to release. In France, this term is often seen with
377: 4411: 1980:
Substances added at or near the completion of wine processing, to remove of organic compounds for the purpose of improving clarity or adjusting flavor or aroma.
4127:
Refers to a selection of wines, usually between three and eight glasses, but sometimes as many as fifty, presented for the purpose of sampling and comparison.
2046:
and low exercise lifestyle in contrast to the high mortality rate among Americans with a relatively lower cholesterol, low alcohol and more exercise lifestyle.
3776:
A system of fractional blending used in the production of Sherry where younger wines are added to top up the barrels of older wines as they age in the cellar.
3267:
The indentation found in the base of a wine bottle. Punt depth is often thought to be related to wine quality, with better quality wines having a deeper punt.
5863: 3369:
A designation for rating wine based on the ratio of its quality and its price. The higher quality and less expensive price a wine has, the better the ratio.
4059: 3372: 3243: 1996:
A winemaker who travels extensively across the globe, sharing techniques and technology from one region of the world to another. The term originated with
5801: 3881:, with no chaptalization permitted, and a finished alcohol level no greater than 11%. These wines usually the lightest in body among the wines of Wachau. 1518:, or "place name". This is Spain's designation for wines whose name, origin of grapes, grape varieties and other important factors are regulated by law. 5189: 1780: 1546:'s designation for wine whose name, origin of grapes, grape varieties and other important factors are regulated by law. It is also the abbreviation for 645:
A term originally meant to denote a location in a cellar where wine is stored but now often seen in brand marketing of some wines (e.g. Bin 75 Merlot)
3723: 3337: 3298: 410: 404: 4417: 2116: 1128:
French term for what was historically a vineyard whose boundaries were delineated by a walled enclosure. Commonly associated with vineyards in the
365: 359: 7217: 6931: 1455: 1799:
A dry wine from a "great growth" vineyard that has been designated as Erste Lage. In many regions this term has been replaced by Grosses GewÀchs.
5541: 1664:
and fermenting the grapes and their juice. Stems have a significant amount of coarse and often green tannin undesirable in the finished wine.
883:
Unit of the persistence of the wine's finish in seconds. Derived from the word caudal (tail). A wine can have a caudalie of 8 or more seconds.
5417: 7039: 6753: 1537: 1529: 1211:
Winemaking organization that is jointly owned by a number of growers who pool their resources and vineyards to produce wine under one label
4084:(or "tails") of grapes which is generally considered to be of lower quality than the juice that comes from the first pressing (or "cuvee") 3963:
in the late 20th century where premium quality wines were produced outside of DOC regulations and sold for high prices with the low level
1454:
Refers to a process in which the must of a white wine is allowed to settle before racking off the wine, this process reduces the need for
5247: 3726:
requires be modified by a US name of geographic origin. Examples would be New York Chablis, Napa Valley Burgundy or California Champagne.
1951:
A term that originated in California during the mid-1980s to refer to any inexpensive cork-finished varietal wine in a 1.5 liter bottle.
5467: 4151:
Special characteristics expressed in a wine that result from the interaction of geography, geology, climate, and the plant's genetics.
2773:
The balance of weight, acidity and fruit flavors that are perceived while the wine is still in the tasters mouth and before swallowing
413:, a United States government agency that is primarily responsible for the regulation of wines sold and produced in the United States. 6015: 5521: 5447: 5387: 5298: 4063: 3744:
that has been subjected to controlled oxidation to produce a distinctive flavor, produced in the Triangulo de Jerez region of Spain.
3253: 3842:
A wine bottle that holds approximately 6 oz (175-187 mL) or one-fourth the equivalent of a typical 750 mL bottle; a single-serving.
4221:
A German term meaning approximately "A late harvest of selected dry berries". A type of German wine made from grapes affected by
3310: 1817:
A sparkling wine that is sweeter than a brut. In Champagne, this is a wine that has received a dosage between 12 and 17 g/L sugar
7322: 739:, a large floor-standing wooden vat with a capacity of 1,000–3,000 litres (220–660 imp gal; 260–790 US gal). 6304: 5990: 4012:. Wines that are being riddled (remuage) will end up sur pointe with the yeast sediment consolidated in the neck of the bottle. 3383: 3283:
ranging from 3 Puttonyos, which contains at least 60 grams/liter of sugar, to 6 Puttonyos containing at least 150 g/L of sugar.
3236: 2693:
A qualification (not an academic degree) conferred by The Institute of Masters of Wine, which is located in the United Kingdom.
2643: 6471: 5367: 2245:
A dry wine made from a vineyard that has been designated as an Erste Lage ("Great Growth") by the wine grower association VDP
2016:
Wine to which alcohol has been added, generally to increase the concentration to a high enough level to prevent fermentation.
3662:
that are derived from the winemaking process which includes fermentation as well as potentially malolactic fermentation and
5215: 7243: 6957: 5894: 5526: 5038: 2355: 1298: 1292: 7248: 6962: 5904: 5043: 4008:
French term for a sparkling wine that has been aged with its neck down following the completion of autolysis but before
1360: 2898:". A wine merchant who assembles the produce of smaller growers and winemakers and sells the result under its own name. 1931:, that has been bottled before fermentation is completed so that a natural sparkle of CO2 can be achieved in the bottle 1504:
Varies by region. In the UK, a very sweet, low alcohol wine. In the US by law, any wine containing over 14.1% alcohol.
1094:
An Italian term for the historical or "classic" center of a wine region â€” sometimes located in the heart of a DOC.
7307: 5546: 2723:
Legislation in some U.S. states allowing restaurant patrons to take the remains of an opened bottle of wine with them.
2199: 1399:
when the wine is in contact with the solid matter such as skin, pips, stalks, in order to extract colour, flavour and
1811:
A very dry sparkling wine. In Champagne, this is a wine that has received a dosage with between 0-6 grams/liter sugar
5334: 4981:
A micro-organism present on the skins of grapes that reacts with the sugars inside and results in the production of
4523:
In a vertical tasting, different vintages of the same wine type from the same winery are tasted, such as a winery's
2732:
Petit Verdot, and Malbec. The White Meritage is a blend at least 2 of Sauvignon blanc, Sauvignon vert, and Semillon.
2502:, wine made from grapes that have been left on the vine longer than usual. Usually an indicator for a very sweet or 1526:, the degree of oxygen saturation in a wine, which strongly affects oxidation of the wine and its ageing properties. 7168: 7135: 6882: 6849: 6678: 5673: 4966:
layer, that includes heartwood and sapwood, which transports water and nutrients from the roots towards the leaves.
3878: 3761: 3695: 3564:
wine by allowing the Valpolicella to pass over the drained must of an Amarone on its way to secondary fermentation.
3174: 2475: 1906: 4477:
region to denote wines from exceptionally ripe grapes that have reached a certain pre-determined must weight. For
1771:
The process of removing the grapes from the stems, done either by hand or machine. Known in English as destemming.
1580: 7317: 7258: 7148: 6972: 6862: 5868: 5766: 5678: 5596: 5410: 3022: 1825:
A United States winery license allowing farms to produce and sell wine on-site, sometimes known as a farm winery.
1513: 238: 3246:(QWPSR) designation. Used to denote a wine from a region with more specification and regulations than a generic 1972:
The highest category of wine quality, representing only a very small percentage of worldwide production of wine.
7253: 7032: 6967: 6746: 6688: 6617: 6509: 6110: 6093: 5796: 5776: 2111: 4196:
The ability of a wine to clearly portray all unique aspects of its flavor — fruit, floral, and mineral notes.
755:
The interaction between air and wine after a wine has been opened. Breathing may take place while the wine is
459:
A wine that is either drunk by itself (i.e. without food) or before a meal in order to stimulate the appetite.
5193: 4225:. Such grapes can be so rare that it can take a skilled picker a day to gather enough for just one bottle. A 3378:
A now-defunct wine classification category in the European Union that was formally abolished, along with the
2758:) as opposed to the traditional method of fermentation in the bottle that consumers will eventually purchase. 2096:
Portuguese term for a potentially superior quality wine that has seen extended aging in the barrel and bottle
1482:
for an exceptionally long time (far beyond the usually 5-10 years of vintage Champagne) before going through
7143: 6857: 6230: 6066: 5878: 5731: 5472: 5452: 4329: 2559:
French term for a named vineyard site. Usually used in the context of describing individual vineyards below
2297: 2105: 1765:
The wine from a producer's portfolio that is the lowest cost for purchase and offers the most basic quality.
1114:
used in Burgundy for a single plot of land located within a vineyard that has its own name and demonstrated
2123: 6643: 6088: 5753: 5606: 4451:
Italian term for old that may be used as an aging designation that is regulated by some DOC/G wine regions
2035: 1139: 303:
Wine with a sharp, sweet-and-sour tang. The acescence characteristics frequently recalls a vinegary smell.
4285:
A wine that has layers of soft, concentrated, velvety fruits. Unctuous wines are lush, rich, and intense.
3765: 1729:
play in the winemaking process-roughly translating as "bringing up" or "raising" the wine. Traditionally
259:
Bottled by the proprietor. Will be on the label followed by relevant information concerning the bottler.
6658: 6427: 6071: 5835: 5781: 5601: 5310: 4518: 4024:
Hungarian wine term meaning "as it comes". A wine with a mixture of healthy and botrytis-infected grapes
3454: 3247: 2870: 2624: 2371: 2302:
A tasting of a group of wines from the same vintage or representing the same style of wine (such as all
1415:
French term, meaning vat or tank. On wine labels it is used to denote wine of a specific blend or batch.
1220: 1039: 666: 628: 2577:
with a luscious, almost unctuous quality. Often used to describe wines made by botrytis-infected grapes
1387:
Wines for which committed buyers will pay large sums of money because of their desirability and rarity.
5272: 2827:
French term for an appellation, where all the vineyards in the appellation are under single ownership.
2322:
Wine made from frozen grapes. Written, and trademarked as a single word - Icewine - in Canada. Called
1991: 6309: 6061: 5940: 5403: 4216: 4134: 3134: 2807: 2001: 1641: 1188: 1145: 502: 7173: 7125: 7025: 6887: 6839: 6739: 6289: 5983: 5853: 5830: 4986: 4941:
The sensory evaluation of wine, encompassing more than taste, but also mouthfeel, aroma, and color.
4876: 4675: 4373: 4108: 3987: 3347:
from recognized viticultural areas. It formally represents the second-highest level of German wine.
2005: 1734: 1400: 1396: 849: 633:
Commissioned by French Ministry of Agriculture to better position the wine industry for the future.
7163: 6877: 6382: 5811: 5561: 4892: 4725: 4100: 2765: 2764:
Italian terms for a sparkling wine that has gone through secondary fermentation according to the
2380: 1572:, or controlled and guaranteed place name, which is the category for the highest-ranking wine in 828: 661: 23:
lists the definitions of many general terms used within the wine industry. For terms specific to
2240: 523:
Italian term for an estate that makes wine from both its own vineyards and from purchased grapes
5063: 1102:
In Australia, wine bottled without a commercial label, usually sold cheaply in bulk quantities.
926:. When it appears on a wine label it will usually refer to the varieties used to make the wine. 7312: 7117: 7064: 6831: 6778: 6362: 6299: 5791: 5383: 5363: 5294: 5227: 4691: 4512: 4490: 4470: 3892: 3826: 3608: 3389: 3188: 3032: 2650: 2604: 2493: 1997: 1946: 1892: 1794: 1404: 1320:
Spanish aging designation. For red wines a wine needs to be aged at least 6 months in oak (in
1178: 394: 294: 268: 262: 242: 2274:
French term for the foil and wire cork cage that are used to dress a bottle of sparkling wine
7282: 6996: 6704: 6622: 6549: 6412: 6314: 5822: 5771: 5721: 5024: 4963: 4397: 4369: 3991: 3926: 3900: 3896: 3856: 3548:
French term for a very sweet wine. Often used as a description for very sweet sparkling wine
3458: 3359: 3148: 2915: 2628: 2533: 2427: 2183: 2165: 1616: 1522: 1439:
that may appear on wine labels to denote that the wine has been made by a local cooperative.
1325: 1243: 1097: 1038:, although the term is sometimes used for wineries in other parts of the world, such as the 756: 750: 530: 4887: 3641:
A foot-stumping wine press, traditionally used in Georgia. One of the main components of a
2114:
to designate a wine region that can produce wines with defined characteristics (such as an
1753:
is available for contract sales several months before the wine will be bottled and release.
7263: 7084: 6977: 6798: 6715: 6501: 6329: 6264: 6207: 6170: 6050: 5914: 5873: 5858: 5649: 5639: 4559: 4530: 4508: 4298: 4272: 4203:
A French term referring to the selective picking of grapes, instead of machine harvesting.
4081: 3821: 3704: 3170: 3077: 3073: 2925: 2891: 2822: 2790: 2754:
Italian term for a sparkling wine that has gone through secondary fermentation in a tank (
2702: 2666: 2665:. The term can also refer to the pomace itself or, in the Champagne region, to individual 2598:
A wine that has been oxidatively aged by maderisation. Often associated with the wines of
2431: 2376: 2327: 2209: 2195: 2039: 1934: 1839: 1684: 1661: 1595: 1547: 1253: 1214: 1133: 1123: 1067: 993: 986: 935: 839: 648: 541: 470: 398: 334: 250: 1927:
An Italian term for a "naturally sparkling" wine. This usually refers to a wine, such as
1022:
prior to fermenting, to compensate for low sugar content/potential alcohol in the grapes.
2906:
Wines produced outside of the traditional wine growing areas of Europe and North Africa.
1379:
that appears on wine labels denoting that the wine has been made by a local cooperative.
7158: 7153: 7102: 7056: 6872: 6867: 6816: 6770: 6627: 6599: 6574: 6495: 6484: 6479: 6377: 6344: 6160: 6138: 6105: 6081: 5976: 5816: 5708: 5634: 5502: 4930: 4767: 4705: 4685: 4652:
French classification system denoting wines that are above vin de table but below VDQS.
4482: 4437: 4432: 4364: 4339: 4158: 4104: 4096: 4093: 4050: 4046: 4009: 3965: 3960: 3910: 3810: 3801: 3741: 3683: 3659: 3531: 3437: 3276: 3198: 3114: 3036: 2974:
Wines produced inside of the traditional wine growing areas of Europe and North Africa.
2969: 2901: 2803: 2755: 2688: 2599: 2509: 2055: 2031: 2019: 2011: 1910: 1828: 1750: 1194: 1005: 957: 824: 803: 773: 4660:
French term denoting a table wine, the lowest classification of the French AOC system.
4275:
of "ullage" refers to the practice of topping off a barrel with extra wine to prevent
3585: 3453:
French term for a wine producer who grows their own grapes. Often associated with the
1707:
French phrase that may appear on wine labels to denote that the wine has been aged in
7301: 7183: 7092: 6897: 6806: 6612: 6607: 6284: 6100: 6076: 5611: 5571: 4982: 4855: 4637: 4353: 4266: 4238: 4186: 4053:. In the US these wines must also be between 7% and 14% alcohol by volume. The term 3976: 3950: 3940: 3874: 3870: 3757: 3753: 3712: 3708: 3630: 3280: 3142: 3060: 3054: 3050: 3018: 2849: 2544: 2221: 2157: 2139: 2067: 1902: 1898: 1746: 1725: 1493: 1449: 1352: 1346: 1129: 1079: 1071: 1056:
A French term for a wine that falls between the range of a light red wine and a dark
923: 911: 815: 681: 600: 498: 246: 2977: 2070:, more than a still wine but less than a semi-sparkling. Similar to the French term 1193:
Additional alcohols and aldehydes present in wine apart from ethanol, also known as
6683: 6274: 6212: 6202: 6155: 5786: 5698: 5688: 5616: 5536: 5462: 5442: 5072: 4992: 4976: 4936: 4734:
French term used to denote an "ordinary wine" as opposed to a premium quality wine.
4655: 4609: 4162: 4122: 3956: 3944: 3806: 3717: 3701: 3561: 3521: 3218: 3076:
slang for an inexpensive bottle of wine. The term is thought to originate from the
3068: 2623:
French term for a grape grower who makes their own wine. Often associated with the
2574: 2503: 2365: 1692: 1573: 1543: 1499: 1321: 1281: 1224: 1075: 820: 790: 784: 671: 32: 6432: 4929:
Refers to the continuing surplus of wine over demand (glut) being produced in the
2886: 2169: 4485:
the grapes must be harvested with a potential alcohol level of at least 14%. For
1337:
A French term that literally means "growth". May refer to a vineyard or a winery.
7287: 7238: 7201: 7001: 6952: 6915: 6709: 6564: 6554: 6452: 6334: 6217: 6148: 6007: 5664: 5591: 5426: 5219: 5030: 4997:
A measure of the amount of grapes or wine produced per unit surface of vineyard.
4717: 4711: 4647: 4474: 4348: 4226: 3930: 3837: 3831: 3816: 3747: 3618: 3506: 3485: 3354: 3344: 3327: 3262: 3164: 3130: 3118: 3108: 2991: 2983: 2955: 2930: 2880: 2843: 2745: 2735: 2656: 2614: 2548: 2522: 2486: 2456: 2416: 2406: 2349: 2339: 2303: 2285: 2277: 2128:
Refers to the increasingly international nature of the wine industry, including
2061: 2043: 1928: 1874: 1673: 1483: 1461: 1286: 1271: 1206: 951: 843: 833: 776: 742: 704: 693: 688: 606: 562: 552: 514: 494: 462: 431: 425: 416: 370: 282: 24: 16:
List of definitions of terms and jargon used in winemaking and the wine industry
5120: 4820: 3633:
made from red wine along with orange, lemon and apricot juice with added sugar.
3169:
French term for a "First growth". Used mostly in conjunction with the wines of
2000:
winemakers who would fly to Northern Hemisphere wine regions in Europe and the
1268:
French term for the hillside or slopes of a hill region that is not contiguous.
593:
A low-cost entry-level offering from a winery as opposed to its more expensive
7191: 7107: 7097: 7048: 6905: 6821: 6811: 6762: 6668: 6663: 6648: 6584: 6579: 6544: 6442: 6437: 6397: 6324: 6269: 6259: 6254: 6241: 6197: 6185: 6175: 6133: 5959: 5924: 5806: 5654: 5556: 5020: 4916: 4908: 4864: 4756: 4633: 4625: 4603: 4524: 4486: 4442: 4310: 4040: 3995: 3862: 3785: 3440: 3184: 3113:
A PDO wine designation for high quality used in Germany and Austria, based on
3065:
A proposal for enhancing the economic status of the wine industry in Bordeaux.
3046: 2951: 2670: 2560: 2481: 2384: 2213: 2189: 2077: 2026: 1835: 1774: 1740: 1708: 1667: 1610: 1382: 1332: 1309: 1277: 1025: 1011: 868: 545: 328: 286: 272: 234: 28: 3153:
The highest class of wine in the German wine classification, formerly called
2132:
management practices, winemaking techniques, wine styles, and wine marketing.
7069: 6783: 6673: 6653: 6589: 6569: 6559: 6519: 6457: 6339: 6279: 6180: 5726: 5566: 5484: 5085: 4924: 4900: 4839: 4829: 4536: 4276: 4222: 4069: 3915: 3779: 3663: 3481: 3270: 3093: 2945: 2909: 2816: 2593: 2248: 2147: 2049: 1967: 1645: 1633: 1236: 1015: 898: 892: 490: 338: 3877:, a classification of wine with a harvest must weight be between 15 and 17° 3242:
Wine labeling term introduced to the European Union in 2009 to replace the
2806:
made by mixing unfermented grape juice with an alcohol spirit. For example
1955: 1492:
A medium-dry sparkling wine. In Champagne, this a wine that has received a
917: 4624:
French term for a wine that has been made from dried out grapes such as a
4080:
In Champagne wine production this is the juice that is retrieved from the
1909:
and a finished alcohol level between 11 and 12.5% with no more than 4 g/L
1231: 889:
Spanish term for a sparkling wine made according to the traditional method
325:
producer who ferments and matures the wine before selling it to a merchant
6529: 6524: 6514: 6407: 6387: 6354: 6319: 6249: 6165: 6128: 6040: 6035: 6020: 5909: 5683: 5531: 5489: 5477: 5338: 5093: 5007: 4641: 4615: 4575: 4554: 4502: 4478: 4323: 4302: 4232: 4114: 3999: 3851: 3496: 3206: 3202: 3138: 3126: 2961: 2796: 2726: 2696: 2554: 2448: 2422: 2396:
Italian term for a wine that has been aged either in oak or in the bottle
2317: 2161: 2129: 1988:
A glass bottle that holds two litres of (usually inexpensive) table wine.
1916: 1853: 1688: 1467: 1435: 1410: 1390: 1111: 1105: 1035: 999: 584: 580: 574: 478: 454: 348: 4921:
The descriptive sticker or signage adhered to the side of a wine bottle.
4463:
French term for a wine made from grapes that have been harvested by hand
3692:
German wine classification for dry wines from a single vineyard location
982: 7268: 7074: 6982: 6788: 6539: 6392: 6367: 6294: 6143: 6030: 5949: 5741: 5736: 5693: 5644: 5551: 5133: 4859: 4788: 4721: 4306: 4243: 4146: 4087: 3981: 3795: 3760:, a classification of wine with a harvest must weight of at least 18.2° 3624: 3557: 3551: 3539: 3512: 3444: 3431: 2995: 2570: 2254: 1975: 1940: 1679: 1660:
The French term for destemming. Destemming is removing stems prior to
1478: 1116: 1057: 1051: 798: 612: 508: 485: 449: 1913:. This classification is between the levels of Steinfeder and Smaragd. 978:. The New World counterpart to the chai may be called the barrel hall. 7233: 7196: 6947: 6910: 6534: 6422: 6417: 3771: 3735: 3602: 3489: 3405: 3057:
describes this loophole (also known as "PLC") as "legalized cheating"
3053:
by as much as 20% in warm weather years. Critics such as wine writer
3049:
system that allows producers to exceed the official maximum limit on
2987: 2662: 2388: 1983: 1960: 1905:, a classification of wine with a harvest must weight of at least 17° 1857: 1820: 1620: 1550:'s highest wine category, which has the same meaning in that country. 1262:
French term for the hillside or slopes of one contiguous hill region.
1182: 1062: 1031: 961: 914:
purchases occur. This can be a tasting room or a separate sales area.
718: 714: 605:
A German term meaning approximately "harvest of selected berries". A
322: 3493:
in the bottle, a mature wine will develop reductive characteristics.
1921:
An unregulated German wine term for an off-dry (or halbtrocken) wine
4493:, the potential alcohol level needs to be at least 15.3% by volume. 2453:
A wine designation in Germany (where it is a PrÀdikat) and Austria.
1737:, blend and then store the wine before bringing them to the market. 6447: 6402: 6372: 6025: 5659: 5495: 5457: 4957: 4886: 4880: 4819: 4741: 3614: 3584: 3502: 3475: 3201:
derived from the grapes themselves and are considered part of the
2994:
or being in a room with someone wearing an overwhelming amount of
2876: 2741: 2714: 2610: 2537: 2529: 2520:
French term for the dead yeast and sediment of wine also known as
2462: 2412: 2345: 2291: 2179: 1954: 1861: 1759:
French term for the proportion of grape varieties used in a blend.
1579: 1356: 1249: 1230: 981: 722: 687: 558: 540: 5062:
Dixon, Rachel; Carter, Kate and Holmes, Rachel (14 August 2008).
4913:
Any form of dishonesty in the production or distribution of wine.
3909:
Italian term for a very old wine, often used in association with
2212:
where it denotes a Chateau's premier wine, or "first wine". On a
639:
Italian/French/Spanish/Portuguese terms for a white wine or grape
227:
An Italian term for full-bodied wines with medium-level sweetness
5999: 5955: 5919: 5761: 5716: 4870: 4720:
denoting a very young wine meant to be consumed within the same
4592: 4404: 4386: 3722:
Wines made in the United States but named after places that the
3677: 3213:
which come from the fermentation and maturation process and the
2855: 2708: 2008:
when viticulture in the Southern Hemisphere is relatively quiet.
1880: 1567: 1559: 1019: 7021: 6735: 5972: 5953: 5399: 3183:
Higher quality classification of wine above every day drinking
529:
Italian term for a winery that only produces wine from its own
5395: 4297:
An Italian term for a wine that has been blended from several
2779:
French term for a vintage date that can appear on a wine label
1556:
Portuguese, Italian, French and Spanish terms for a sweet wine
1369:
A French term for an officially classified vineyard or winery.
7017: 6731: 4848:
A unit of wine or fortified wine consisting of 1.5L in total.
2815:
French term usually used for wines of mid-level sweetness or
684:
wine owned by the restaurant or retailer that sells the wine.
44: 4473:. Legally this term can only appear on wine labels from the 4401:
denoting a wine that has been fortified during fermentation.
2514:
One example of a trellising system used to grow wine grapes.
1879:
A United States & South Africa winery license allowing
4602:
French term for a wine with the potential to improve with
1783:(VDP) to be a "first class" location capable of producing 1343:
Bordeaux estate classification below that of Cru Bourgeois
871:, that is used in winemaking for fermentation and/or aging 397:
that shows that the wine was tasted and passed government
3859:
term for a sparkling wine made from any production method
2649:
General term for winery or wine cellar in the country of
2253:
A German designation for a cluster of vineyards within a
2220:
may appear to help distinguish the wine from an estate's
3986:
French term for a wine that has spent time aging on the
3921:
A German word for "straw wine", same as the French term
3035:
white wine with pleasing fruit structure and balance of
2990:
such as smell. An example would be an affliction of the
5968: 3330:. When used in isolation on a wine label, it refers to 1623:
up to a maximum of 96% ABV. Its literal translation is
940:
Georgian term for grape marc and stalks – in Georgian,
654:
ecological, the energetic, and the spiritual in nature.
3137:. The Austrian PrÀdikat also includes the designation 2231:(increased to 12 months in Rioja and Ribera del Duero) 1848:
Refers to the extra cost associated with buying wines
4811:
Italian term for a "lively" or lightly sparkling wine
3732:
Italian and Spanish designation for a medium-dry wine
3021:
estate that doesn't have any official designation of
2379:
grown in nearly every major wine region, for example
2172:
to indicate a wine made from botrytis-infected grapes
1939:
The straw-covered flask historically associated with
680:
An acronym for "Buyer's Own Brand" which refers to a
4905:
A subterranean structure for storing and aging wine.
4237:
How well a wine reflects the characteristics of its
2336:
Italian term for a wine that has been estate-bottled
2156:
A phrase that may appear on French wine labels from
1171:
A small wine-growing region that surrounds a village
7226: 7210: 7182: 7134: 7116: 7083: 7055: 6940: 6924: 6896: 6848: 6830: 6797: 6769: 6636: 6598: 6493: 6470: 6353: 6240: 6228: 6121: 6049: 6006: 5887: 5844: 5750: 5707: 5625: 5582: 5512: 5433: 5293:Third Edition pg 446 Oxford University Press 2006 5248:"The story of unique Georgian wine cellar - Marani" 4179:
Spanish and Portuguese term for a red wine or grape
3990:during which it may have derived some flavors from 1466:The process of pouring wine from its bottle into a 1314:
French sparkling wine not made in Champagne region.
1002:
having a long stem with a tall, narrow bowl on top.
571:
The official start of the harvest season in France.
5174:Alexis Lichine's Encyclopedia of Wines and Spirits 5159:Alexis Lichine's Encyclopedia of Wines and Spirits 5108:Alexis Lichine's Encyclopedia of Wines and Spirits 4785:A term used to denoting anything relating to wine. 3895:term for a broad category of sweet wines included 1779:German vineyards that have been classified by the 1048:Italian term for a very pale or light colored rosĂ© 674:and evaluating a wine without knowing which it is. 475:A wine with very noticeable and distinctive aromas 5176:. London: Cassell & Company Ltd. p. 340. 5161:. London: Cassell & Company Ltd. p. 176. 5110:. London: Cassell & Company Ltd. p. 628. 4169:which come from the grape variety itself and the 3670:which come from the grape variety itself and the 2713:A wine-like alcoholic beverage made of fermented 2461:Wine that is produced under the supervision of a 2364:", the lowest-ranking of the three categories of 2194:French term for a "Great growth" or vineyard. In 2182:of wine, most commonly associated with the large 2138:In Hungary, the traditional oak cask used to age 867:A wood barrel or storage vessel, often made from 315:Portuguese wine term for a winery or wine cellar. 2102:German term for a commune where wine is produced 1568:Denominazione di Origine Controllata e Garantita 1078:term for a red wine in similar style to that of 707:. Also refers to a seller of alcoholic beverage. 5123:(Conseil Interprofessionnel du Vin de Bordeaux) 2986:term for anything that affects one of the main 1476:French term for a Champagne that has been aged 489:production method of mixing grapes affected by 5096:. 9 December 2003. Retrieved 30 December 2011. 4313:but include other grape varieties in the bend. 3382:designation, in 2009 with the adoption of the 1842:and removed from circulation more efficiently. 1395:The French term for the period of time during 731:The Italian term for a wooden barrel, plural: 7033: 6747: 5984: 5411: 4863:made from only black grape varieties such as 4740:Italian and Spanish, originally derived from 3601:An early English term for what is now called 3209:of the grape variety. This is opposed to the 2848:Wine that is spiced, heated, and served as a 2066:Italian term for a wine that has very slight 1852:that may include the cost of shipping to the 1701:Spanish wine label term meaning "produced by" 944:also refers to the spirits distilled thereof. 393:, the official testing number displayed on a 8: 5864:Effects of climate change on wine production 5232:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 4119:A silver, shallow cup used for tasting wine. 3939:A term used in relation to lower classified 3674:which come from aging process in the bottle. 3593:indicating its sweetness level on the label. 2966:The study of aspects of wine and winemaking. 2198:, the term is regulated to a define list of 2024:A 1991 episode of the American news program 1717:Spanish wine label term meaning "bottled by" 378:Institut National des Appellations d'Origine 4060:Quality Wines Produced in Specified Regions 3373:Quality Wines Produced in Specified Regions 3244:Quality Wines Produced in Specified Regions 2705:in addition to strawberries or other fruit. 1088:German classification category for dry wine 932:Italian term for a cherry-pink colored wine 861:Italian term for a farmhouse or wine estate 7040: 7026: 7018: 6754: 6740: 6732: 6237: 5991: 5977: 5969: 5950: 5418: 5404: 5396: 5273:"Ohio's 'Merlot to Go' bill gets approval" 4962:The woody tissue of a vine, inside of the 4499:Italian and Spanish term for grape harvest 3943:estates that come close in quality to the 3279:, the measurement of sweetness levels for 3233:French term for the owner of a wine estate 587:). Will yield 24 cases of 12 bottles each. 483:Austrian term originally referring to the 4385:denoting a "country wine" similar to the 4263:denoting a regional or local cooperative. 3830:" that is made without chaptalization. A 3570:Spanish and Italian terms for a rosĂ© wine 3353:A former designation of the best quality 3099:imitations are made throughout the world. 2924:French term for a wine that has not been 1723:French term for the historical role that 3724:Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau 3157:. These wines always display a specific 3011:French term for a lightly sparkling wine 2701:A light German wine flavored with sweet 467:A geographically delineated wine region. 411:Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau 7218:Clarification and stabilization of wine 6932:Clarification and stabilization of wine 5055: 4173:which come from the winemaking process. 3848:German term for a light sparkling wine. 3576:Italian and French terms for a red wine 2208:French term most often associated with 1470:to separate the sediment from the wine. 617:A district within a German wine region 309:Portuguese term for a medium-sweet wine 5225: 3809:wine containing significant levels of 2480:German term for a wine slightly above 1805:German term for an estate-bottled wine 1542:, or "controlled place name." This is 1248:A tool, comprising a pointed metallic 1132:region such as the Grand Cru vineyard 35:, see the topic specific list in the " 5066:Is it time to drink chardonnay again? 4947:German term for a co-operative winery 4805:Italian term for a wine grape variety 4799:Italian terms for a wine grape grower 3338:QualitĂ€tswein bestimmter Anbaugebiete 3332:QualitĂ€tswein bestimmter Anbaugebiete 3299:QualitĂ€tswein bestimmter Anbaugebiete 1584:Wine bottle with drip cloth around it 1359:that were not part of the originally 1276:A quality level intermediate between 960:place above ground, used for storing 493:with a fermenting base wine. Today a 249:to denote wine drinkers' interest in 7: 5012:The science of fermentation in wine. 4875:An alcoholic beverage made from the 4694:classification system. Similar to a 4133:An abbreviation for the German wine 3090:Italian term for a small wine estate 1781:Verband Deutscher PrĂ€dikatsweingĂŒter 1538:Denominazione di Origine Controllata 838:The plastic or foil that covers the 717:with a capacity between 159 and 172 356:Italian term for a medium-sweet wine 5214:Kissack, Chris, thewinedoctor.com. 4346:denoting a local wine similar to a 2860:The juice of freshly pressed grapes 2761:Metodo classico/Metodo tradizionale 2465:so as to be ritually pure or clean. 1676:law representing a single vineyard. 1010:The practice of adding sugar (from 877:Portuguese term for a grape variety 5468:International Grape Genome Program 5311:""Satsnakheli" Winepress | Marani" 4515:and potentially other ingredients. 4412:Vin DĂ©limitĂ© de QualitĂ© SupĂ©rieure 4381:Abbreviation for the Spanish term 4030:Hungarian wine term for a dry wine 3401:Portuguese term for a wine estate. 2744:, the equivalent of eight regular 2717:and water rather than grape juice. 2348:, the equivalent of eight regular 1745:A system commonly associated with 1672:The smallest geographical unit in 1252:attached to a handle, for drawing 1177:Classification system used in the 14: 6016:Annual growth cycle of grapevines 5448:Annual growth cycle of grapevines 4842:used in the hospitality industry. 4666:Spanish and Portuguese terms for 4395:Abbreviation for the French term 4362:Abbreviation for the French term 4259:Abbreviation for the French term 4064:Protected Geographical Indication 3784:A wine expert who often works in 3320:Initials for Quality-Price Ratio. 3254:Protected Geographical Indication 2583:Italian term for a fortified wine 2484:(tafelwine). Similar to a French 2430:term for inexpensive table wine ( 2282:German term for a medium-dry wine 1883:to produce and sell wine on-site. 1733:would buy ready made wines after 1432:Abbreviation for the French term 497:in Austria, intermediate between 7281: 6995: 6703: 5936: 5935: 5023: 4632:can be produced in the northern 3505:, the equivalent of six regular 3395:A simple, everyday drinking wine 3350:QualitĂ€tswein mit PrĂ€dikat (QmP) 3343:A designation of better quality 3326:A designation of better quality 3227:Italian term for a wine producer 2840:French term for a sparkling wine 2613:, the equivalent of two regular 2551:(U.S.) or 35.2 fl oz (imperial). 2547:measure of volume equal to 33.8 2415:, the equivalent of 4-6 regular 1615:French term for a grape-derived 579:The French name for a 225 litre 5382:pg 523 Workman Publishing 2001 5362:pg 515 Workman Publishing 2001 4724:year it was produced. Example: 4418:Appellation d'Origine ContrĂŽlĂ©e 4045:Generally any wine that is not 3617:, the equivalent of 12 regular 3461:are identified by the initials 3384:Protected Designation of Origin 3237:Protected Designation of Origin 3045:An allowance within the French 2935:The aroma or bouquet of a wine. 2879:, the equivalent of 20 regular 2802:French and Spanish terms for a 2685:Italian terms for a wine estate 2631:are identified by the initials 2294:wines, usually used in England. 2117:Appellation d'origine contrĂŽlĂ©e 1654:Hungarian term for a sweet wine 1303: 812:Italian term for a co-operative 561:, the equivalent of 16 regular 513:German for "select harvest", a 366:Appellation d'Origine ContrĂŽlĂ©e 281:Abbreviation for "Agricultural 208: 5291:"The Oxford Companion to Wine" 4754:Spanish and Italian terms for 4368:denoting a wine that has been 4143:Italian term for a wine estate 2669:from the traditional vertical 2150:term for inexpensive box wine. 1889:Italian term for a wine estate 1856:'s cellars as well applicable 1284:, which in France is known as 970: 1: 7244:Glossary of viticulture terms 6958:Glossary of viticulture terms 5895:Glossary of viticulture terms 5527:Diurnal temperature variation 5076:. Retrieved 30 December 2011. 5039:Glossary of viticulture terms 4457:French term for grape harvest 4291:Italian term for a wine grape 4165:. This is in contrast to the 4103:of Champagne--similar to the 3666:. This is in contrast to the 2362:Indicazione Geografica Tipica 2042:who had a high-alcohol, high- 1293:Indicazione Geografica Tipica 1155:Portuguese term for a harvest 910:The area of the winery where 713:A cask of wine used to store 636:Bianco, Blanc, Blanco, Branco 557:A large bottle containing 12 256:AbfĂŒllung (ErzeugerabfĂŒllung) 198: 37: 7249:Glossary of winemaking terms 6963:Glossary of winemaking terms 5905:Glossary of winemaking terms 5337:. 2015-08-02. Archived from 5044:Glossary of winemaking terms 4572:French term for a "vineyard" 4551:Italian terms for a vineyard 4409:Abbreviation for the French 4018:German term for a sweet wine 3994:. Often associated with the 3613:A large bottle holding nine 3177:where the term is regulated. 3042:Plafond LimitĂ© de Classement 1375:An Italian abbreviation for 1361:1855 Bordeaux classification 1144:A principle relating to the 5088:How many units is my drink? 4751:Vino de mesa/Vino da tavola 4628:, for example a rare white 4074:German term for table wine. 3642: 3589:A Spanish rosado Cava with 3501:A large bottle holding 4.5 2914:A fungal disease caused by 2782:Mis en bouteille au chĂąteau 2740:A large bottle holding six 2411:A large bottle holding 3-5 2344:A large bottle holding six 2261:which is a single vineyard. 1600:Lacking sweetness in taste. 233:Initials for "Anything but 7339: 7323:Knowledge (XXG) glossaries 7169:Yeast assimilable nitrogen 6883:Yeast assimilable nitrogen 5674:Integrated pest management 5188:Oxford Companion to Wine. 4704:Generic French term for a 4161:that are developed as the 3696:Selection de grains nobles 3357:, since 2007 shortened to 3311:QualitĂ€tswein mit PrĂ€dikat 3155:QualitĂ€tswein mit PrĂ€dikat 3105:Italian term for noble rot 3031:French term for a simple, 2875:A large bottle holding 15 2679:French term for a vineyard 2004:during the August–October 1749:where the previous year's 842:and part of the neck of a 203: 7277: 7259:History of the wine press 7149:Sparkling wine production 6991: 6973:History of the wine press 6863:Sparkling wine production 6697: 5966: 5933: 5869:Environmental stewardship 4690:The lowest level of the 4328:Wines made from a single 3366:Quality-Price Ratio (QPR) 3145:and Trockenbeerenauslese. 2661:The distillate made from 2368:regulated by Italian law. 2333:Imbottigliato all'origine 2178:French term for a famous 1520:2. The abbreviation for 438:are further divided into 369: 7254:Wine tasting descriptors 6968:Wine tasting descriptors 6689:Wine tasting descriptors 6618:Phenolic content in wine 6510:Alternative wine closure 6094:Great French Wine Blight 5797:Great French Wine Blight 5172:Lichine, Alexis (1967). 5157:Lichine, Alexis (1967). 5106:Lichine, Alexis (1967). 4985:during a process called 4415:system that ranks below 4305:. An example would be a 3686:manufactured in Germany. 2112:World Trade Organization 2054:Italian term for a semi- 2030:that documented the low 1695:made from frozen grapes. 1510:1. The abbreviation for 1421:French term, along with 1302:) . Also a synonym for 271:, generally listed on a 59: 54: 7144:Malolactic fermentation 6858:Malolactic fermentation 5879:Sustainable agriculture 5660:Frost damage prevention 5542:Regional climate levels 5277:Columbus Business First 4716:French term similar to 4469:French term denoting a 4229:in Germany and Austria. 4163:wine ages in the bottle 3959:that became popular in 3834:in Germany and Austria. 3428:French term for a grape 2298:Horizontal wine tasting 2106:Geographical Indication 609:in Germany and Austria. 583:style barrel (Bordeaux 517:in Germany and Austria. 390:Amtliche PrĂŒfungsnummer 337:in celebrations of the 241:". A term conceived by 31:, grape varieties, and 5900:Glossary of wine terms 5121:Glossary of wine terms 4896: 4895:winery in Napa Valley. 4825: 4796:Viticoltore/Vigniaiolo 4545:Spanish term for "old" 4099:made according to the 3594: 3080:word for white wine, " 2435: 2036:cardiovascular disease 1963: 1924:Fermentazione naturale 1704:ÉlevĂ© en fĂ»ts de chĂȘne 1585: 1514:DenominaciĂłn de Origen 1397:alcoholic fermentation 1239: 1140:Coates Law of Maturity 989: 956:A wine shed, or other 827:made according to the 735:. Usually refers to a 696: 625:vineyard designations. 548: 189: 184: 179: 174: 169: 164: 159: 154: 149: 144: 139: 134: 129: 124: 119: 114: 109: 104: 99: 94: 89: 84: 79: 74: 69: 64: 21:glossary of wine terms 6659:Wine and food pairing 4890: 4823: 4519:Vertical wine tasting 4431:Abbreviation for the 4338:Abbreviation for the 3588: 3455:Champagne wine region 3248:Geographic Indication 2787:bottled at the winery 2625:Champagne wine region 2609:A bottle holding 1.5 2569:French term meaning " 2372:International variety 2124:Globalization of wine 1958: 1583: 1564:The abbreviation for 1553:Doce/Dolce/Doux/Dulce 1534:The abbreviation for 1234: 985: 772:Abbreviation seen on 691: 629:The Berthomeau Report 544: 409:Abbreviation for the 333:The wine used by the 6310:Muscat of Alexandria 4944:Winzergenossenschaft 4838:, a popular type of 4217:Trockenbeerenauslese 4135:Trockenbeerenauslese 3488:. As one part gains 3467:RĂ©coltant-Manipulant 3308:German initials for 3296:German initials for 3135:Trockenbeerenauslese 3121:. There are several 2808:Pineau des Charentes 2637:RĂ©coltant-Manipulant 1496:of 32-50 grams/liter 1456:filtration or fining 1351:A classification of 781:Cooperativa AgrĂ­cola 503:Trockenbeerenauslese 373:of controlled origin 7174:Yeast in winemaking 7126:Carbonic maceration 6888:Yeast in winemaking 6840:Carbonic maceration 5854:Adaptive management 5335:"History of Sherry" 5222:on 11 January 2006. 4775:Italian term for a 4766:Spanish term for a 4614:French term for an 4301:-the opposite of a 3972:SupĂ©rieur/Superiore 3766:late-harvest grapes 3729:Semisecco/Semi-seco 3457:where producers of 2627:where producers of 2200:Grand cru vineyards 2110:A term used by the 1473:DĂ©gorgement tardive 850:Carbonic maceration 621:. Contains smaller 448:Italian term for a 321:Spanish term for a 237:" or "Anything but 48:Contents:  7308:Glossaries of wine 7164:Traditional method 6878:Traditional method 6679:Wine personalities 6383:Cabernet Sauvignon 5772:Botrytis bunch rot 5592:Grapevine planting 5522:Climate categories 5216:"Wine Glossary: C" 4897: 4826: 4726:Beaujolais nouveau 4511:that is made with 4496:Vendemmia/Vendimia 4460:VendangĂ© Ă  la main 4101:traditional method 3595: 3410:(Georgian: Ⴤვევრი) 2766:traditional method 2381:Cabernet Sauvignon 2360:Abbreviation for " 1964: 1586: 1240: 990: 829:traditional method 697: 662:organic winemaking 549: 7295: 7294: 7065:Late harvest wine 7015: 7014: 7009: 7008: 6779:Late harvest wine 6729: 6728: 6466: 6465: 6363:Alicante Bouschet 6111:Judgment of Paris 5947: 5946: 5792:Grapevine yellows 5289:J. Robinson (ed) 5186:winepros.com.au. 5134:"CHACHA | Marani" 4891:The wine cave at 4824:A waiter's friend 4663:Viña/Viñedo/Vinha 4471:late harvest wine 4389:system of France. 4383:vino de la tierra 4309:that is based on 4261:Union CoopĂ©rative 3947:Bordeaux estates. 3459:Grower Champagnes 2629:Grower Champagnes 2494:Late harvest wine 2257:as opposed to an 2120:(AOC) in France). 1947:Fighting varietal 1802:ErzeugerabfĂŒllung 1165:or craftsmanship. 395:German wine label 387:Abbreviation for 364:Abbreviation for 291:Adega Cooperativa 269:alcohol by volume 41:" section below. 7330: 7318:Wine terminology 7286: 7285: 7042: 7035: 7028: 7019: 7000: 6999: 6756: 6749: 6742: 6733: 6708: 6707: 6623:Proteins in wine 6290:GrĂŒner Veltliner 6238: 5993: 5986: 5979: 5970: 5951: 5939: 5938: 5823:Uncinula necator 5812:Pierce's disease 5420: 5413: 5406: 5397: 5390: 5376: 5370: 5356: 5350: 5349: 5347: 5346: 5331: 5325: 5324: 5322: 5321: 5307: 5301: 5287: 5281: 5280: 5269: 5263: 5262: 5260: 5259: 5244: 5238: 5237: 5231: 5223: 5218:. Archived from 5211: 5205: 5204: 5202: 5201: 5192:. Archived from 5184: 5178: 5177: 5169: 5163: 5162: 5154: 5148: 5147: 5145: 5144: 5130: 5124: 5118: 5112: 5111: 5103: 5097: 5083: 5077: 5060: 5033: 5028: 5027: 4964:vascular cambium 4466:Vendange tardive 4421:(AOC) but above 4398:vin doux naturel 4171:secondary aromas 3927:dried grape wine 3901:botrytized wines 3794:French term for 3655:Secondary aromas 3556:The addition of 3524:/Riserva/Reserva 3469:) on wine labels 3217:which come from 3211:secondary aromas 3102:Pourriture noble 2916:Botrytis cinerea 2720:Merlot-to-go law 2639:) on wine labels 2573:-like" used for 2184:Champagne houses 2166:Coteaux du Layon 1992:Flying winemaker 1762:Entry-level wine 1632:German term for 1523:dissolved oxygen 1326:Ribera del Duero 1290:and in Italy as 1110:French term for 922:French term for 823:wine term for a 806:term for winery. 660:French term for 531:estate vineyards 526:Azienda agricola 520:Azienda vinicola 374: 347:German term for 267:Abbreviation of 49: 7338: 7337: 7333: 7332: 7331: 7329: 7328: 7327: 7298: 7297: 7296: 7291: 7288:Wine portal 7280: 7273: 7264:History of wine 7222: 7206: 7178: 7130: 7112: 7093:Deacidification 7079: 7051: 7046: 7016: 7011: 7010: 7005: 7002:Wine portal 6994: 6987: 6978:History of wine 6936: 6920: 6892: 6844: 6826: 6807:Deacidification 6793: 6765: 6760: 6730: 6725: 6710:Wine portal 6702: 6693: 6632: 6594: 6499: 6489: 6462: 6349: 6330:Sauvignon blanc 6265:Cayetana blanca 6233: 6231:grape varieties 6224: 6117: 6045: 6002: 5997: 5962: 5948: 5943: 5929: 5915:Outline of wine 5883: 5874:Organic farming 5859:Biodynamic wine 5846: 5840: 5831:Red spider mite 5752: 5746: 5703: 5665:Green harvest ( 5650:Erosion control 5627: 5621: 5602:Row orientation 5584: 5578: 5514: 5508: 5453:Grape varieties 5435: 5429: 5424: 5394: 5393: 5377: 5373: 5357: 5353: 5344: 5342: 5333: 5332: 5328: 5319: 5317: 5309: 5308: 5304: 5288: 5284: 5279:. Jun 23, 2006. 5271: 5270: 5266: 5257: 5255: 5252:GeorgianJournal 5246: 5245: 5241: 5224: 5213: 5212: 5208: 5199: 5197: 5187: 5185: 5181: 5171: 5170: 5166: 5156: 5155: 5151: 5142: 5140: 5132: 5131: 5127: 5119: 5115: 5105: 5104: 5100: 5084: 5080: 5061: 5057: 5052: 5029: 5022: 5019: 5004: 4973: 4954: 4836:sommelier knife 4830:Waiter's friend 4818: 4531:Vieilles vignes 4509:aromatized wine 4425:(country wine). 4320: 4299:grape varieties 4273:winemaking term 4253: 4154:Tertiary aromas 4082:second pressing 4037: 3705:botrytized wine 3672:tertiary aromas 3583: 3422: 3290: 3215:tertiary aromas 3161:on their label. 3133:in Austria) to 3074:British English 3005: 2942: 2867: 2667:press fractions 2590: 2472: 2445: 2403: 2377:Grape varieties 2314: 2268: 2241:Grosses GewĂ€chs 2090: 1871: 1714:Embotellado por 1625:"water of life" 1607: 1519: 1446: 1434:CoopĂ©rative de 1377:Cantina Sociale 1355:estates in the 1215:Cordon training 1158:Commercial wine 1134:Clos de Vougeot 1018:) to the grape 994:Champagne flute 987:Champagne flute 809:Cantina Sociale 766: 649:Biodynamic wine 597:wine offerings. 568:Ban de Vendange 539: 399:quality control 335:Catholic Church 289:labels and for 251:grape varieties 221: 216: 215: 214: 213: 50: 47: 17: 12: 11: 5: 7336: 7334: 7326: 7325: 7320: 7315: 7310: 7300: 7299: 7293: 7292: 7278: 7275: 7274: 7272: 7271: 7266: 7261: 7256: 7251: 7246: 7241: 7236: 7230: 7228: 7224: 7223: 7221: 7220: 7214: 7212: 7208: 7207: 7205: 7204: 7199: 7194: 7188: 7186: 7180: 7179: 7177: 7176: 7171: 7166: 7161: 7156: 7154:Sugars in wine 7151: 7146: 7140: 7138: 7132: 7131: 7129: 7128: 7122: 7120: 7114: 7113: 7111: 7110: 7105: 7103:Chaptalization 7100: 7095: 7089: 7087: 7081: 7080: 7078: 7077: 7072: 7067: 7061: 7059: 7053: 7052: 7047: 7045: 7044: 7037: 7030: 7022: 7013: 7012: 7007: 7006: 6992: 6989: 6988: 6986: 6985: 6980: 6975: 6970: 6965: 6960: 6955: 6950: 6944: 6942: 6938: 6937: 6935: 6934: 6928: 6926: 6922: 6921: 6919: 6918: 6913: 6908: 6902: 6900: 6894: 6893: 6891: 6890: 6885: 6880: 6875: 6870: 6868:Sugars in wine 6865: 6860: 6854: 6852: 6846: 6845: 6843: 6842: 6836: 6834: 6828: 6827: 6825: 6824: 6819: 6817:Chaptalization 6814: 6809: 6803: 6801: 6795: 6794: 6792: 6791: 6786: 6781: 6775: 6773: 6767: 6766: 6761: 6759: 6758: 6751: 6744: 6736: 6727: 6726: 6724: 6723: 6718: 6713: 6698: 6695: 6694: 6692: 6691: 6686: 6681: 6676: 6671: 6666: 6661: 6656: 6651: 6646: 6644:Classification 6640: 6638: 6634: 6633: 6631: 6630: 6628:Sugars in wine 6625: 6620: 6615: 6610: 6604: 6602: 6600:Wine chemistry 6596: 6595: 6593: 6592: 6587: 6582: 6577: 6575:Wine dispenser 6572: 6567: 6562: 6557: 6552: 6547: 6542: 6537: 6532: 6527: 6522: 6517: 6512: 6506: 6504: 6491: 6490: 6488: 6487: 6482: 6476: 6474: 6468: 6467: 6464: 6463: 6461: 6460: 6455: 6450: 6445: 6440: 6435: 6430: 6425: 6420: 6415: 6410: 6405: 6400: 6395: 6390: 6385: 6380: 6378:Cabernet Franc 6375: 6370: 6365: 6359: 6357: 6351: 6350: 6348: 6347: 6345:Welschriesling 6342: 6337: 6332: 6327: 6322: 6317: 6312: 6307: 6302: 6300:MĂŒller-Thurgau 6297: 6292: 6287: 6282: 6277: 6272: 6267: 6262: 6257: 6252: 6246: 6244: 6235: 6226: 6225: 6223: 6222: 6221: 6220: 6215: 6210: 6205: 6200: 6191: 6190: 6189: 6188: 6183: 6178: 6173: 6168: 6163: 6152: 6151: 6146: 6141: 6136: 6131: 6125: 6123: 6119: 6118: 6116: 6115: 6114: 6113: 6103: 6098: 6097: 6096: 6086: 6085: 6084: 6079: 6074: 6069: 6067:Ancient Greece 6064: 6055: 6053: 6047: 6046: 6044: 6043: 6038: 6033: 6028: 6023: 6018: 6012: 6010: 6004: 6003: 5998: 5996: 5995: 5988: 5981: 5973: 5967: 5964: 5963: 5954: 5945: 5944: 5934: 5931: 5930: 5928: 5927: 5922: 5917: 5912: 5907: 5902: 5897: 5891: 5889: 5885: 5884: 5882: 5881: 5876: 5871: 5866: 5861: 5856: 5850: 5848: 5842: 5841: 5839: 5838: 5833: 5828: 5827: 5826: 5817:Powdery mildew 5814: 5809: 5804: 5799: 5794: 5789: 5784: 5779: 5774: 5769: 5764: 5758: 5756: 5748: 5747: 5745: 5744: 5739: 5734: 5729: 5724: 5719: 5713: 5711: 5705: 5704: 5702: 5701: 5696: 5691: 5686: 5681: 5676: 5671: 5667:Vendange verte 5662: 5657: 5652: 5647: 5642: 5637: 5631: 5629: 5623: 5622: 5620: 5619: 5614: 5609: 5607:Trellis design 5604: 5599: 5594: 5588: 5586: 5580: 5579: 5577: 5576: 5575: 5574: 5569: 5564: 5554: 5549: 5544: 5539: 5534: 5529: 5524: 5518: 5516: 5510: 5509: 5507: 5506: 5503:Vitis vinifera 5499: 5492: 5487: 5482: 5470: 5465: 5460: 5455: 5450: 5445: 5439: 5437: 5431: 5430: 5425: 5423: 5422: 5415: 5408: 5400: 5392: 5391: 5380:The Wine Bible 5371: 5360:The Wine Bible 5351: 5326: 5302: 5282: 5264: 5239: 5206: 5179: 5164: 5149: 5125: 5113: 5098: 5078: 5054: 5053: 5051: 5048: 5047: 5046: 5041: 5035: 5034: 5018: 5015: 5014: 5013: 5010: 5003: 5000: 4999: 4998: 4995: 4990: 4979: 4972: 4969: 4968: 4967: 4960: 4953: 4950: 4949: 4948: 4945: 4942: 4939: 4934: 4931:European Union 4927: 4922: 4919: 4914: 4911: 4906: 4903: 4885: 4884: 4879:of unmodified 4873: 4868: 4852: 4849: 4846: 4843: 4832: 4817: 4814: 4813: 4812: 4809: 4806: 4803: 4800: 4797: 4794: 4791: 4786: 4783: 4780: 4773: 4770: 4768:fortified wine 4764: 4761: 4752: 4749: 4738: 4735: 4732: 4729: 4714: 4709: 4706:sparkling wine 4702: 4699: 4688: 4686:Vinho regional 4683: 4673: 4670: 4664: 4661: 4658: 4653: 4650: 4645: 4636:region of the 4622: 4619: 4612: 4607: 4600: 4597: 4588: 4585: 4578: 4573: 4570: 4567: 4557: 4552: 4549: 4546: 4543: 4540: 4533: 4528: 4521: 4516: 4505: 4500: 4497: 4494: 4491:GewĂŒrztraminer 4467: 4464: 4461: 4458: 4455: 4452: 4449: 4446: 4438:vino da tavola 4429: 4426: 4407: 4402: 4393: 4390: 4379: 4376: 4365:vin de liqueur 4360: 4357: 4336: 4333: 4326: 4319: 4316: 4315: 4314: 4295: 4292: 4289: 4286: 4283: 4280: 4269: 4264: 4257: 4252: 4249: 4248: 4247: 4235: 4230: 4219: 4214: 4207: 4204: 4201: 4194: 4193: 4190: 4183: 4180: 4177: 4174: 4167:primary aromas 4159:aromas in wine 4155: 4152: 4149: 4144: 4141: 4138: 4131: 4128: 4125: 4123:Tasting flight 4120: 4117: 4112: 4097:sparkling wine 4090: 4085: 4078: 4075: 4072: 4067: 4043: 4036: 4033: 4032: 4031: 4028: 4025: 4022: 4019: 4016: 4013: 4006: 4003: 3984: 3979: 3977:Bordeaux wines 3973: 3970: 3966:vino da tavola 3953: 3948: 3937: 3934: 3925:. Refers to a 3919: 3913: 3907: 3904: 3889: 3885: 3884: 3883: 3882: 3865: 3860: 3854: 3849: 3846: 3843: 3840: 3835: 3819: 3814: 3811:carbon dioxide 3804: 3802:Sparkling wine 3799: 3792: 3789: 3782: 3777: 3774: 3769: 3750: 3745: 3742:fortified wine 3738: 3733: 3730: 3727: 3720: 3715: 3698: 3693: 3690: 3687: 3684:sparkling wine 3680: 3675: 3668:primary aromas 3660:aromas in wine 3656: 3653: 3649: 3648:Sec/Secco/Seco 3646: 3639: 3634: 3627: 3622: 3611: 3606: 3599: 3582: 3579: 3578: 3577: 3574: 3571: 3568: 3565: 3554: 3549: 3546: 3543: 3535: 3532:Residual sugar 3529: 3525: 3519: 3515: 3510: 3499: 3494: 3484:way that wine 3480:The reductive- 3478: 3473: 3470: 3451: 3448: 3434: 3429: 3426: 3421: 3418: 3417: 3416: 3412: 3402: 3399: 3396: 3393: 3387: 3376: 3370: 3367: 3364: 3351: 3348: 3341: 3335: 3324: 3321: 3318: 3315: 3306: 3303: 3294: 3289: 3286: 3285: 3284: 3273: 3268: 3265: 3260: 3257: 3251: 3240: 3234: 3231: 3228: 3225: 3222: 3221:in the bottle. 3199:aromas in wine 3195: 3194:Primary aromas 3192: 3181: 3178: 3167: 3162: 3151: 3146: 3115:grape ripeness 3111: 3106: 3103: 3100: 3096: 3091: 3088: 3085: 3071: 3066: 3063: 3058: 3043: 3040: 3029: 3026: 3023:classification 3015: 3012: 3009: 3004: 3001: 3000: 2999: 2980: 2975: 2972: 2970:Old World wine 2967: 2964: 2959: 2948: 2941: 2938: 2937: 2936: 2933: 2928: 2922: 2919: 2912: 2907: 2904: 2902:New World wine 2899: 2889: 2884: 2873: 2871:Nebuchadnezzar 2866: 2863: 2862: 2861: 2858: 2853: 2846: 2841: 2838: 2835: 2831: 2828: 2825: 2820: 2813: 2810: 2804:fortified wine 2800: 2794: 2789:", usually in 2783: 2780: 2777: 2774: 2771: 2768: 2762: 2759: 2756:Charmat method 2752: 2751:Metodo charmat 2749: 2738: 2733: 2729: 2724: 2721: 2718: 2711: 2706: 2699: 2694: 2691: 2689:Master of Wine 2686: 2683: 2680: 2677: 2674: 2659: 2654: 2647: 2640: 2621: 2618: 2607: 2602: 2596: 2589: 2586: 2585: 2584: 2581: 2578: 2567: 2564: 2557: 2552: 2541: 2527: 2518: 2515: 2512: 2510:Lazy Ballerina 2507: 2498:Also known as 2496: 2491: 2478: 2471: 2468: 2467: 2466: 2459: 2454: 2451: 2444: 2441: 2440: 2439: 2425: 2420: 2409: 2402: 2399: 2398: 2397: 2394: 2391: 2374: 2369: 2358: 2353: 2342: 2337: 2334: 2331: 2320: 2313: 2310: 2309: 2308: 2300: 2295: 2288: 2283: 2280: 2275: 2272: 2267: 2264: 2263: 2262: 2251: 2246: 2243: 2238: 2235: 2232: 2228: 2225: 2224:or third wine. 2206: 2203: 2192: 2187: 2176: 2173: 2154: 2151: 2145: 2142: 2136: 2133: 2126: 2121: 2108: 2103: 2100: 2097: 2094: 2089: 2086: 2085: 2084: 2080: 2075: 2064: 2059: 2056:sparkling wine 2052: 2047: 2032:mortality rate 2022: 2020:French Paradox 2017: 2014: 2012:Fortified wine 2009: 1994: 1989: 1986: 1981: 1978: 1973: 1970: 1959:Ancient Roman 1953: 1952: 1949: 1944: 1937: 1932: 1925: 1922: 1919: 1914: 1911:residual sugar 1895: 1890: 1887: 1884: 1877: 1870: 1867: 1866: 1865: 1846: 1843: 1832: 1826: 1823: 1818: 1815: 1812: 1809: 1806: 1803: 1800: 1797: 1795:Erstes GewĂ€chs 1792: 1789:Großes GewĂ€chs 1785:Erstes GewĂ€chs 1777: 1772: 1769: 1766: 1763: 1760: 1757: 1754: 1743: 1738: 1721: 1718: 1715: 1712: 1705: 1702: 1699: 1696: 1682: 1677: 1670: 1665: 1658: 1655: 1652: 1649: 1639: 1636: 1630: 1627: 1613: 1606: 1603: 1602: 1601: 1598: 1593: 1590: 1578: 1577: 1562: 1557: 1554: 1551: 1532: 1527: 1508: 1505: 1502: 1497: 1490: 1487: 1474: 1471: 1464: 1459: 1452: 1445: 1442: 1441: 1440: 1430: 1427: 1419: 1416: 1413: 1408: 1393: 1388: 1385: 1380: 1373: 1370: 1367: 1364: 1349: 1344: 1341: 1338: 1335: 1330: 1318: 1315: 1312: 1307: 1274: 1269: 1266: 1263: 1260: 1257: 1246: 1229: 1228: 1217: 1212: 1209: 1204: 1201: 1198: 1195:fusel alcohols 1191: 1186: 1175: 1172: 1169: 1166: 1159: 1156: 1153: 1150: 1142: 1137: 1126: 1121: 1108: 1103: 1100: 1095: 1092: 1089: 1086: 1083: 1065: 1060: 1054: 1049: 1046: 1043: 1040:Barossa Valley 1028: 1023: 1008: 1006:Chaptalization 1003: 996: 980: 979: 976:MaĂźtre de Chai 974:, is titled a 954: 946: 945: 938: 933: 930: 927: 920: 915: 908: 902: 901: 895: 890: 887: 884: 881: 878: 875: 872: 865: 862: 859: 856: 852: 847: 836: 831: 825:sparkling wine 818: 813: 810: 807: 801: 796: 793: 788: 770: 765: 762: 761: 760: 753: 748: 745: 740: 729: 726: 711: 708: 701: 686: 685: 678: 675: 669: 664: 658: 655: 651: 646: 643: 640: 637: 634: 631: 626: 615: 610: 603: 598: 591: 588: 577: 572: 569: 566: 555: 538: 535: 534: 533: 527: 524: 521: 518: 511: 506: 481: 476: 473: 468: 465: 460: 457: 452: 446: 443: 428: 423: 419: 414: 407: 402: 385: 382: 362: 357: 354: 351: 345: 342: 331: 326: 319: 316: 313: 310: 307: 304: 301: 298: 279: 276: 265: 260: 257: 254: 231: 228: 225: 220: 217: 212: 211: 206: 201: 193: 192: 187: 182: 177: 172: 167: 162: 157: 152: 147: 142: 137: 132: 127: 122: 117: 112: 107: 102: 97: 92: 87: 82: 77: 72: 67: 62: 57: 51: 46: 45: 43: 15: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 7335: 7324: 7321: 7319: 7316: 7314: 7311: 7309: 7306: 7305: 7303: 7290: 7289: 7284: 7276: 7270: 7267: 7265: 7262: 7260: 7257: 7255: 7252: 7250: 7247: 7245: 7242: 7240: 7237: 7235: 7232: 7231: 7229: 7225: 7219: 7216: 7215: 7213: 7209: 7203: 7200: 7198: 7195: 7193: 7190: 7189: 7187: 7185: 7181: 7175: 7172: 7170: 7167: 7165: 7162: 7160: 7157: 7155: 7152: 7150: 7147: 7145: 7142: 7141: 7139: 7137: 7133: 7127: 7124: 7123: 7121: 7119: 7115: 7109: 7106: 7104: 7101: 7099: 7096: 7094: 7091: 7090: 7088: 7086: 7082: 7076: 7073: 7071: 7068: 7066: 7063: 7062: 7060: 7058: 7054: 7050: 7043: 7038: 7036: 7031: 7029: 7024: 7023: 7020: 7004: 7003: 6998: 6990: 6984: 6981: 6979: 6976: 6974: 6971: 6969: 6966: 6964: 6961: 6959: 6956: 6954: 6951: 6949: 6946: 6945: 6943: 6939: 6933: 6930: 6929: 6927: 6923: 6917: 6914: 6912: 6909: 6907: 6904: 6903: 6901: 6899: 6895: 6889: 6886: 6884: 6881: 6879: 6876: 6874: 6871: 6869: 6866: 6864: 6861: 6859: 6856: 6855: 6853: 6851: 6847: 6841: 6838: 6837: 6835: 6833: 6829: 6823: 6820: 6818: 6815: 6813: 6810: 6808: 6805: 6804: 6802: 6800: 6796: 6790: 6787: 6785: 6782: 6780: 6777: 6776: 6774: 6772: 6768: 6764: 6757: 6752: 6750: 6745: 6743: 6738: 6737: 6734: 6722: 6719: 6717: 6714: 6712: 6711: 6706: 6700: 6699: 6696: 6690: 6687: 6685: 6682: 6680: 6677: 6675: 6672: 6670: 6667: 6665: 6662: 6660: 6657: 6655: 6652: 6650: 6647: 6645: 6642: 6641: 6639: 6635: 6629: 6626: 6624: 6621: 6619: 6616: 6614: 6613:Acids in wine 6611: 6609: 6608:Aroma of wine 6606: 6605: 6603: 6601: 6597: 6591: 6588: 6586: 6583: 6581: 6578: 6576: 6573: 6571: 6568: 6566: 6563: 6561: 6558: 6556: 6553: 6551: 6548: 6546: 6543: 6541: 6538: 6536: 6533: 6531: 6528: 6526: 6523: 6521: 6518: 6516: 6513: 6511: 6508: 6507: 6505: 6503: 6497: 6492: 6486: 6483: 6481: 6478: 6477: 6475: 6473: 6472:Major regions 6469: 6459: 6456: 6454: 6451: 6449: 6446: 6444: 6441: 6439: 6436: 6434: 6431: 6429: 6428:Montepulciano 6426: 6424: 6421: 6419: 6416: 6414: 6411: 6409: 6406: 6404: 6401: 6399: 6396: 6394: 6391: 6389: 6386: 6384: 6381: 6379: 6376: 6374: 6371: 6369: 6366: 6364: 6361: 6360: 6358: 6356: 6352: 6346: 6343: 6341: 6338: 6336: 6333: 6331: 6328: 6326: 6323: 6321: 6318: 6316: 6313: 6311: 6308: 6306: 6303: 6301: 6298: 6296: 6293: 6291: 6288: 6286: 6283: 6281: 6278: 6276: 6273: 6271: 6268: 6266: 6263: 6261: 6258: 6256: 6253: 6251: 6248: 6247: 6245: 6243: 6239: 6236: 6232: 6227: 6219: 6216: 6214: 6211: 6209: 6206: 6204: 6201: 6199: 6196: 6195: 6193: 6192: 6187: 6184: 6182: 6179: 6177: 6174: 6172: 6169: 6167: 6164: 6162: 6159: 6158: 6157: 6154: 6153: 6150: 6147: 6145: 6142: 6140: 6137: 6135: 6132: 6130: 6127: 6126: 6124: 6120: 6112: 6109: 6108: 6107: 6104: 6102: 6099: 6095: 6092: 6091: 6090: 6087: 6083: 6080: 6078: 6075: 6073: 6070: 6068: 6065: 6063: 6060: 6059: 6057: 6056: 6054: 6052: 6048: 6042: 6039: 6037: 6034: 6032: 6029: 6027: 6024: 6022: 6019: 6017: 6014: 6013: 6011: 6009: 6005: 6001: 5994: 5989: 5987: 5982: 5980: 5975: 5974: 5971: 5965: 5961: 5957: 5952: 5942: 5932: 5926: 5923: 5921: 5918: 5916: 5913: 5911: 5908: 5906: 5903: 5901: 5898: 5896: 5893: 5892: 5890: 5886: 5880: 5877: 5875: 5872: 5870: 5867: 5865: 5862: 5860: 5857: 5855: 5852: 5851: 5849: 5843: 5837: 5834: 5832: 5829: 5825: 5824: 5820: 5819: 5818: 5815: 5813: 5810: 5808: 5805: 5803: 5800: 5798: 5795: 5793: 5790: 5788: 5785: 5783: 5780: 5778: 5775: 5773: 5770: 5768: 5765: 5763: 5760: 5759: 5757: 5755: 5749: 5743: 5740: 5738: 5735: 5733: 5730: 5728: 5725: 5723: 5720: 5718: 5715: 5714: 5712: 5710: 5706: 5700: 5697: 5695: 5692: 5690: 5687: 5685: 5682: 5680: 5677: 5675: 5672: 5670: 5668: 5663: 5661: 5658: 5656: 5653: 5651: 5648: 5646: 5643: 5641: 5638: 5636: 5633: 5632: 5630: 5624: 5618: 5615: 5613: 5612:Vine training 5610: 5608: 5605: 5603: 5600: 5598: 5595: 5593: 5590: 5589: 5587: 5581: 5573: 5570: 5568: 5565: 5563: 5560: 5559: 5558: 5555: 5553: 5550: 5548: 5545: 5543: 5540: 5538: 5535: 5533: 5530: 5528: 5525: 5523: 5520: 5519: 5517: 5513:Environmental 5511: 5505: 5504: 5500: 5498: 5497: 5493: 5491: 5488: 5486: 5483: 5480: 5479: 5474: 5471: 5469: 5466: 5464: 5461: 5459: 5456: 5454: 5451: 5449: 5446: 5444: 5441: 5440: 5438: 5432: 5428: 5421: 5416: 5414: 5409: 5407: 5402: 5401: 5398: 5389: 5388:1-56305-434-5 5385: 5381: 5375: 5372: 5369: 5365: 5361: 5355: 5352: 5341:on 2016-05-06 5340: 5336: 5330: 5327: 5316: 5315:en.vinoge.com 5312: 5306: 5303: 5300: 5299:0-19-860990-6 5296: 5292: 5286: 5283: 5278: 5274: 5268: 5265: 5254:(in Georgian) 5253: 5249: 5243: 5240: 5235: 5229: 5221: 5217: 5210: 5207: 5196:on 2008-08-09 5195: 5191: 5183: 5180: 5175: 5168: 5165: 5160: 5153: 5150: 5139: 5138:en.vinoge.com 5135: 5129: 5126: 5122: 5117: 5114: 5109: 5102: 5099: 5095: 5091: 5089: 5082: 5079: 5075: 5074: 5069: 5067: 5059: 5056: 5049: 5045: 5042: 5040: 5037: 5036: 5032: 5026: 5021: 5016: 5011: 5009: 5006: 5005: 5001: 4996: 4994: 4991: 4988: 4984: 4983:ethyl alcohol 4980: 4978: 4975: 4974: 4970: 4965: 4961: 4959: 4956: 4955: 4951: 4946: 4943: 4940: 4938: 4935: 4932: 4928: 4926: 4923: 4920: 4918: 4915: 4912: 4910: 4907: 4904: 4902: 4899: 4898: 4894: 4889: 4882: 4878: 4874: 4872: 4869: 4866: 4862: 4861: 4857: 4853: 4850: 4847: 4844: 4841: 4837: 4833: 4831: 4828: 4827: 4822: 4815: 4810: 4807: 4804: 4801: 4798: 4795: 4792: 4790: 4787: 4784: 4781: 4778: 4774: 4771: 4769: 4765: 4763:Vino generoso 4762: 4759: 4758: 4753: 4750: 4747: 4743: 4739: 4736: 4733: 4731:Vin ordinaire 4730: 4727: 4723: 4719: 4715: 4713: 4710: 4707: 4703: 4700: 4697: 4693: 4689: 4687: 4684: 4681: 4677: 4674: 4671: 4669: 4665: 4662: 4659: 4657: 4654: 4651: 4649: 4646: 4643: 4639: 4638:Hermitage AOC 4635: 4631: 4630:Vin de paille 4627: 4623: 4621:Vin de paille 4620: 4617: 4613: 4611: 4608: 4605: 4601: 4598: 4595: 4594: 4589: 4586: 4583: 4579: 4577: 4574: 4571: 4568: 4565: 4561: 4558: 4556: 4553: 4550: 4548:Vigna/Vigneto 4547: 4544: 4541: 4538: 4534: 4532: 4529: 4526: 4522: 4520: 4517: 4514: 4510: 4506: 4504: 4501: 4498: 4495: 4492: 4488: 4484: 4480: 4476: 4472: 4468: 4465: 4462: 4459: 4456: 4453: 4450: 4447: 4444: 4440: 4439: 4434: 4430: 4427: 4424: 4420: 4419: 4414: 4413: 4408: 4406: 4403: 4400: 4399: 4394: 4391: 4388: 4384: 4380: 4377: 4375: 4371: 4367: 4366: 4361: 4358: 4355: 4351: 4350: 4345: 4344:vino comarcal 4341: 4337: 4334: 4331: 4330:grape variety 4327: 4325: 4322: 4321: 4317: 4312: 4308: 4304: 4300: 4296: 4293: 4290: 4287: 4284: 4281: 4278: 4274: 4270: 4268: 4265: 4262: 4258: 4255: 4254: 4250: 4246: 4245: 4240: 4239:grape variety 4236: 4234: 4231: 4228: 4224: 4220: 4218: 4215: 4212: 4208: 4205: 4202: 4199: 4198: 4197: 4191: 4188: 4187:Bordeaux wine 4184: 4181: 4178: 4175: 4172: 4168: 4164: 4160: 4156: 4153: 4150: 4148: 4145: 4142: 4139: 4136: 4132: 4129: 4126: 4124: 4121: 4118: 4116: 4113: 4110: 4106: 4102: 4098: 4095: 4091: 4089: 4086: 4083: 4079: 4076: 4073: 4071: 4068: 4065: 4061: 4056: 4052: 4048: 4044: 4042: 4039: 4038: 4034: 4029: 4026: 4023: 4020: 4017: 4014: 4011: 4007: 4004: 4001: 3997: 3993: 3989: 3985: 3983: 3980: 3978: 3974: 3971: 3968: 3967: 3962: 3958: 3954: 3952: 3951:Super Tuscans 3949: 3946: 3942: 3941:Bordeaux wine 3938: 3936:Super Seconds 3935: 3932: 3928: 3924: 3923:vin de paille 3920: 3917: 3914: 3912: 3908: 3905: 3902: 3898: 3894: 3890: 3887: 3886: 3880: 3876: 3872: 3871:Austrian wine 3868: 3867: 3866: 3864: 3861: 3858: 3855: 3853: 3850: 3847: 3844: 3841: 3839: 3836: 3833: 3829: 3828: 3823: 3820: 3818: 3815: 3812: 3808: 3805: 3803: 3800: 3797: 3793: 3790: 3787: 3783: 3781: 3778: 3775: 3773: 3770: 3767: 3763: 3759: 3755: 3754:Austrian wine 3751: 3749: 3746: 3743: 3739: 3737: 3734: 3731: 3728: 3725: 3721: 3719: 3716: 3714: 3710: 3706: 3703: 3699: 3697: 3694: 3691: 3688: 3685: 3681: 3679: 3676: 3673: 3669: 3665: 3661: 3657: 3654: 3650: 3647: 3644: 3640: 3638: 3635: 3632: 3628: 3626: 3623: 3620: 3616: 3612: 3610: 3607: 3604: 3600: 3597: 3596: 3592: 3587: 3580: 3575: 3572: 3569: 3567:Rosado/Rosato 3566: 3563: 3559: 3555: 3553: 3550: 3547: 3544: 3541: 3536: 3533: 3530: 3528:requirements. 3526: 3523: 3520: 3516: 3514: 3511: 3508: 3504: 3500: 3498: 3495: 3491: 3487: 3483: 3479: 3477: 3474: 3471: 3468: 3464: 3460: 3456: 3452: 3449: 3446: 3442: 3439: 3435: 3433: 3430: 3427: 3424: 3423: 3419: 3413: 3411: 3408: 3407: 3403: 3400: 3397: 3394: 3391: 3388: 3386:(PDO) system. 3385: 3381: 3377: 3374: 3371: 3368: 3365: 3362: 3361: 3360:PrĂ€dikatswein 3356: 3352: 3349: 3346: 3342: 3339: 3336: 3333: 3329: 3325: 3323:QualitĂ€tswein 3322: 3319: 3316: 3313: 3312: 3307: 3304: 3301: 3300: 3295: 3292: 3291: 3287: 3282: 3278: 3274: 3272: 3269: 3266: 3264: 3261: 3258: 3255: 3252: 3249: 3245: 3241: 3238: 3235: 3232: 3229: 3226: 3223: 3220: 3219:aging process 3216: 3212: 3208: 3205:character or 3204: 3200: 3196: 3193: 3190: 3186: 3182: 3180:Premium wines 3179: 3176: 3172: 3168: 3166: 3163: 3160: 3156: 3152: 3150: 3149:PrĂ€dikatswein 3147: 3144: 3143:Beerenauslese 3140: 3136: 3132: 3128: 3125:ranging from 3124: 3120: 3116: 3112: 3110: 3107: 3104: 3101: 3097: 3095: 3092: 3089: 3086: 3083: 3079: 3075: 3072: 3070: 3067: 3064: 3062: 3061:Plan Bordeaux 3059: 3056: 3055:Tom Stevenson 3052: 3048: 3044: 3041: 3038: 3034: 3030: 3027: 3024: 3020: 3019:Bordeaux wine 3016: 3014:Petit chĂąteau 3013: 3010: 3007: 3006: 3002: 2997: 2993: 2989: 2985: 2981: 2979: 2976: 2973: 2971: 2968: 2965: 2963: 2960: 2957: 2953: 2949: 2947: 2944: 2943: 2939: 2934: 2932: 2929: 2927: 2923: 2920: 2917: 2913: 2911: 2908: 2905: 2903: 2900: 2897: 2893: 2890: 2888: 2885: 2882: 2878: 2874: 2872: 2869: 2868: 2864: 2859: 2857: 2854: 2851: 2847: 2845: 2842: 2839: 2836: 2832: 2829: 2826: 2824: 2821: 2818: 2814: 2811: 2809: 2805: 2801: 2798: 2795: 2792: 2788: 2784: 2781: 2778: 2775: 2772: 2769: 2767: 2763: 2760: 2757: 2753: 2750: 2747: 2743: 2739: 2737: 2734: 2730: 2728: 2725: 2722: 2719: 2716: 2712: 2710: 2707: 2704: 2700: 2698: 2695: 2692: 2690: 2687: 2684: 2682:Maso/Masseria 2681: 2678: 2675: 2672: 2668: 2664: 2660: 2658: 2655: 2652: 2648: 2646: 2645: 2641: 2638: 2634: 2630: 2626: 2622: 2619: 2616: 2612: 2608: 2606: 2603: 2601: 2597: 2595: 2592: 2591: 2587: 2582: 2579: 2576: 2572: 2568: 2565: 2562: 2558: 2556: 2553: 2550: 2546: 2542: 2539: 2535: 2531: 2528: 2525: 2524: 2519: 2516: 2513: 2511: 2508: 2505: 2501: 2497: 2495: 2492: 2489: 2488: 2483: 2479: 2477: 2474: 2473: 2469: 2464: 2460: 2458: 2455: 2452: 2450: 2447: 2446: 2442: 2437: 2433: 2429: 2426: 2424: 2421: 2418: 2414: 2410: 2408: 2405: 2404: 2400: 2395: 2392: 2390: 2386: 2382: 2378: 2375: 2373: 2370: 2367: 2363: 2359: 2357: 2354: 2351: 2347: 2343: 2341: 2338: 2335: 2332: 2329: 2325: 2321: 2319: 2316: 2315: 2311: 2305: 2301: 2299: 2296: 2293: 2289: 2287: 2284: 2281: 2279: 2276: 2273: 2270: 2269: 2265: 2260: 2256: 2252: 2250: 2247: 2244: 2242: 2239: 2236: 2233: 2229: 2226: 2223: 2219: 2216:, the word's 2215: 2211: 2207: 2204: 2201: 2197: 2193: 2191: 2188: 2185: 2181: 2177: 2175:Grande Marque 2174: 2171: 2167: 2163: 2159: 2155: 2153:Grains nobles 2152: 2149: 2146: 2143: 2141: 2137: 2134: 2131: 2127: 2125: 2122: 2119: 2118: 2113: 2109: 2107: 2104: 2101: 2098: 2095: 2092: 2091: 2087: 2081: 2079: 2076: 2073: 2069: 2068:effervescence 2065: 2063: 2060: 2057: 2053: 2051: 2048: 2045: 2041: 2037: 2033: 2029: 2028: 2023: 2021: 2018: 2015: 2013: 2010: 2007: 2003: 2002:United States 1999: 1995: 1993: 1990: 1987: 1985: 1982: 1979: 1977: 1974: 1971: 1969: 1966: 1965: 1962: 1957: 1950: 1948: 1945: 1942: 1938: 1936: 1933: 1930: 1926: 1923: 1920: 1918: 1915: 1912: 1908: 1904: 1900: 1899:Austrian wine 1896: 1894: 1891: 1888: 1885: 1882: 1878: 1876: 1873: 1872: 1868: 1863: 1859: 1855: 1851: 1847: 1844: 1841: 1837: 1833: 1830: 1827: 1824: 1822: 1821:Estate winery 1819: 1816: 1813: 1810: 1807: 1804: 1801: 1798: 1796: 1793: 1790: 1786: 1782: 1778: 1776: 1773: 1770: 1767: 1764: 1761: 1758: 1755: 1752: 1748: 1747:Bordeaux wine 1744: 1742: 1739: 1736: 1732: 1728: 1727: 1722: 1719: 1716: 1713: 1710: 1706: 1703: 1700: 1698:Elaborado por 1697: 1694: 1690: 1686: 1683: 1681: 1678: 1675: 1671: 1669: 1666: 1663: 1659: 1656: 1653: 1650: 1647: 1643: 1642:South African 1640: 1637: 1635: 1631: 1628: 1626: 1622: 1618: 1614: 1612: 1609: 1608: 1604: 1599: 1597: 1594: 1591: 1588: 1587: 1582: 1575: 1571: 1570: 1569: 1563: 1561: 1558: 1555: 1552: 1549: 1545: 1541: 1540: 1539: 1533: 1531: 1528: 1525: 1524: 1517: 1516: 1515: 1509: 1506: 1503: 1501: 1498: 1495: 1491: 1488: 1485: 1481: 1480: 1475: 1472: 1469: 1465: 1463: 1460: 1457: 1453: 1451: 1448: 1447: 1443: 1438: 1437: 1431: 1428: 1424: 1420: 1417: 1414: 1412: 1409: 1406: 1402: 1398: 1394: 1392: 1389: 1386: 1384: 1381: 1378: 1374: 1371: 1368: 1365: 1362: 1358: 1354: 1353:Bordeaux wine 1350: 1348: 1347:Cru Bourgeois 1345: 1342: 1339: 1336: 1334: 1331: 1327: 1323: 1319: 1316: 1313: 1311: 1308: 1305: 1301: 1300: 1295: 1294: 1289: 1288: 1283: 1279: 1275: 1273: 1270: 1267: 1264: 1261: 1258: 1256:from bottles. 1255: 1251: 1247: 1245: 1242: 1241: 1238: 1233: 1226: 1222: 1221:vine training 1218: 1216: 1213: 1210: 1208: 1205: 1202: 1199: 1196: 1192: 1190: 1187: 1184: 1180: 1176: 1173: 1170: 1167: 1164: 1160: 1157: 1154: 1151: 1147: 1146:aging ability 1143: 1141: 1138: 1135: 1131: 1130:Burgundy wine 1127: 1125: 1122: 1119: 1118: 1113: 1109: 1107: 1104: 1101: 1099: 1096: 1093: 1090: 1087: 1084: 1081: 1077: 1073: 1072:Bordeaux wine 1069: 1066: 1064: 1061: 1059: 1055: 1053: 1050: 1047: 1044: 1041: 1037: 1033: 1029: 1027: 1024: 1021: 1017: 1013: 1009: 1007: 1004: 1001: 997: 995: 992: 991: 988: 984: 977: 973: 972: 967: 963: 959: 955: 953: 950: 949: 948: 943: 939: 937: 934: 931: 928: 925: 924:grape variety 921: 919: 916: 913: 912:point of sale 909: 906: 905: 904: 900: 896: 894: 891: 888: 885: 882: 879: 876: 873: 870: 866: 863: 860: 857: 853: 851: 848: 845: 841: 837: 835: 832: 830: 826: 822: 821:South African 819: 817: 816:Cap Classique 814: 811: 808: 805: 802: 800: 797: 794: 792: 789: 786: 782: 778: 775: 771: 768: 767: 763: 758: 754: 752: 749: 746: 744: 741: 738: 734: 730: 727: 724: 720: 716: 712: 709: 706: 702: 699: 698: 695: 690: 683: 682:private label 679: 676: 673: 670: 668: 667:Blind tasting 665: 663: 659: 656: 652: 650: 647: 644: 641: 638: 635: 632: 630: 627: 624: 620: 619:(Anbaugebiet) 616: 614: 611: 608: 604: 602: 601:Beerenauslese 599: 596: 592: 589: 586: 582: 578: 576: 573: 570: 567: 564: 560: 556: 554: 551: 550: 547: 543: 536: 532: 528: 525: 522: 519: 516: 512: 510: 507: 504: 500: 499:Beerenauslese 496: 492: 488: 487: 482: 480: 477: 474: 472: 469: 466: 464: 461: 458: 456: 453: 451: 447: 444: 442:or districts. 441: 437: 433: 429: 427: 424: 420: 418: 415: 412: 408: 406: 403: 400: 396: 392: 391: 386: 383: 380: 379: 372: 367: 363: 361: 358: 355: 352: 350: 346: 343: 340: 336: 332: 330: 327: 324: 320: 317: 314: 311: 308: 305: 302: 299: 296: 292: 288: 284: 280: 277: 274: 270: 266: 264: 261: 258: 255: 252: 248: 247:Randall Grahm 244: 240: 236: 232: 229: 226: 223: 222: 218: 210: 207: 205: 202: 200: 197: 196: 195: 191: 188: 186: 183: 181: 178: 176: 173: 171: 168: 166: 163: 161: 158: 156: 153: 151: 148: 146: 143: 141: 138: 136: 133: 131: 128: 126: 123: 121: 118: 116: 113: 111: 108: 106: 103: 101: 98: 96: 93: 91: 88: 86: 83: 81: 78: 76: 73: 71: 68: 66: 63: 61: 58: 56: 53: 52: 42: 40: 39: 34: 30: 26: 22: 7279: 7136:Fermentation 6993: 6850:Fermentation 6720: 6701: 6684:Wine tasting 6305:Muscat blanc 6275:Chenin blanc 6072:Ancient Rome 5899: 5821: 5787:Downy mildew 5699:Weed control 5689:Millerandage 5666: 5537:Microclimate 5501: 5494: 5476: 5463:Hybrid grape 5443:Ampelography 5436:horticulture 5379: 5374: 5359: 5354: 5343:. Retrieved 5339:the original 5329: 5318:. Retrieved 5314: 5305: 5290: 5285: 5276: 5267: 5256:. Retrieved 5251: 5242: 5220:the original 5209: 5198:. Retrieved 5194:the original 5182: 5173: 5167: 5158: 5152: 5141:. Retrieved 5137: 5128: 5116: 5107: 5101: 5087: 5081: 5073:The Guardian 5071: 5065: 5058: 4987:fermentation 4937:Wine tasting 4877:fermentation 4858: 4835: 4834:Also called 4776: 4772:Vino novello 4755: 4745: 4701:Vin mousseux 4695: 4679: 4667: 4656:Vin de table 4629: 4610:Vin de glace 4599:Vin de garde 4591: 4590:Spanish for 4581: 4580:French for 4563: 4436: 4422: 4416: 4410: 4396: 4382: 4374:fermentation 4363: 4347: 4343: 4260: 4242: 4210: 4209:German for " 4195: 4192:Transparency 4170: 4166: 4054: 3969:designation. 3964: 3957:Italian wine 3945:First Growth 3922: 3827:late harvest 3825: 3807:Effervescent 3718:Semi-generic 3707:made in the 3671: 3667: 3636: 3619:wine bottles 3590: 3562:Valpolicella 3507:wine bottles 3466: 3462: 3409: 3404: 3379: 3358: 3355:German wines 3345:German wines 3331: 3328:German wines 3309: 3297: 3230:PropriĂ©taire 3214: 3210: 3158: 3154: 3122: 3081: 2978:Organoleptic 2895: 2881:wine bottles 2786: 2785:French for " 2746:wine bottles 2642: 2636: 2632: 2615:wine bottles 2575:dessert wine 2549:fluid ounces 2521: 2504:dessert wine 2499: 2485: 2436:Vin de table 2417:wine bottles 2366:Italian wine 2361: 2350:wine bottles 2323: 2258: 2227:Gran Reserva 2217: 2115: 2071: 2025: 2006:harvest time 1849: 1788: 1784: 1756:EncĂ©pagement 1735:fermentation 1730: 1724: 1693:dessert wine 1624: 1566: 1565: 1536: 1535: 1521: 1512: 1511: 1500:Dessert wine 1477: 1433: 1422: 1376: 1297: 1291: 1285: 1282:quality wine 1272:Country wine 1225:cane pruning 1219:A method of 1162: 1115: 1076:semi-generic 1074:. Is also a 1030:Generally a 975: 969: 965: 947: 941: 903: 791:Cane pruning 785:co-operative 780: 737:botte grande 736: 732: 622: 618: 594: 563:wine bottles 546:Wine barrels 484: 439: 436:Anbaugebiete 435: 389: 388: 376: 368:, (English: 290: 194: 36: 33:wine tasting 20: 18: 7239:Wine bottle 7211:Other steps 7202:Wine cellar 7159:SĂŒssreserve 6953:Wine bottle 6925:Other steps 6916:Wine cellar 6873:SĂŒssreserve 6565:Wine cellar 6555:Wine bottle 6496:accessories 6494:Packaging, 6453:Tempranillo 6082:Noah's wine 6062:Phoenicians 6008:Viticulture 5597:Propagation 5434:Biology and 5427:Viticulture 5378:K. MacNeil 5358:K. MacNeil 5031:Wine portal 4851:Weissherbst 4777:Vin primeur 4718:Vin primeur 4712:Vin nouveau 4696:vin de pays 4648:Vin de pays 4564:vine grower 4535:Literally " 4475:Alsace wine 4441:denoting a 4423:Vin de pays 4349:vin de pays 4010:dĂ©gorgement 3996:Loire wines 3955:A style of 3933:in Austria. 3918:/Schilfwein 3906:Stravecchio 3786:restaurants 3637:Satsnakheli 3573:Rosso/Rouge 3185:table wines 3165:Premier cru 3119:must weight 2992:common cold 2984:winetasting 2956:connoisseur 2844:Mulled wine 2500:late picked 2487:vin de pays 2482:table wines 2457:Kosher wine 2393:Invecchiato 2304:Pinot noirs 2278:Halbtrocken 2062:Frizzantino 2044:cholesterol 1875:Farm winery 1838:wine to be 1709:oak barrels 1674:German wine 1484:degorgement 1462:Decantation 1403:. See also 1340:Cru Artisan 1287:vin de pays 1207:Cooperative 1012:sugar beets 998:A piece of 907:Cellar door 844:wine bottle 777:wine labels 705:wine cellar 694:wine bottle 463:Appellation 432:German wine 426:Anbaugebiet 417:Amontillado 384:A.P. number 371:Appellation 318:Almacenista 283:Cooperative 25:viticulture 7302:Categories 7118:Maceration 7108:Wine press 7098:Destemming 7049:Winemaking 6832:Maceration 6822:Wine press 6812:Destemming 6763:Winemaking 6669:Wine fraud 6664:Wine fault 6649:Oenophilia 6585:Wine label 6580:Wine glass 6545:Port tongs 6443:Sangiovese 6438:Pinot noir 6398:Douce noir 6325:Rkatsiteli 6270:Chardonnay 6260:Catarratto 6234:by acreage 6208:Biodynamic 6171:Aromatized 5960:winemaking 5925:Winemaking 5847:and issues 5845:Approaches 5807:Phylloxera 5777:Bot canker 5679:Irrigation 5655:Fertilizer 5628:management 5557:Topography 5547:Soil types 5368:1563054345 5345:2016-08-05 5320:2023-02-22 5258:2023-02-22 5200:2008-03-09 5143:2020-02-05 5050:References 4917:Wine label 4909:Wine fraud 4865:Pinot noir 4757:table wine 4692:Portuguese 4676:Portuguese 4634:Rhone wine 4626:straw wine 4525:Pinot noir 4487:Pinot gris 4443:table wine 4311:Sangiovese 4055:table wine 4041:Table wine 4021:Szamorodni 4005:Sur pointe 3893:Australian 3863:Steinfeder 3711:region of 3609:Salmanazar 3560:flavor to 3443:made from 3441:sweet wine 3380:Table Wine 3224:Produttore 2952:aficionado 2921:Non-filtrĂ© 2770:Mid palate 2736:Methuselah 2671:wine press 2620:Manipulant 2385:Chardonnay 2259:Einzellage 2214:wine label 2148:Australian 2093:Garrafeira 2078:Fruit wine 2038:among the 2027:60 Minutes 1998:Australian 1893:Federspiel 1850:en primeur 1845:Ex-cellars 1836:fraudulent 1831:lot number 1808:Extra-Brut 1775:Erste Lage 1741:En primeur 1731:nĂ©gociants 1726:nĂ©gociants 1668:Einzellage 1611:Eau de vie 1589:Drip cloth 1450:DĂ©bourbage 1405:maceration 1383:Cult wines 1366:Cru ClassĂ© 1304:Fruit wine 1278:table wine 1016:sugarcanes 703:A Spanish 657:Biologique 623:Grosslagen 401:standards. 344:Alte Reben 329:Altar wine 295:Portuguese 287:Greek wine 273:wine label 243:Bonny Doon 235:Chardonnay 209:References 29:winemaking 7070:Noble rot 6784:Noble rot 6674:Winemaker 6654:Sommelier 6590:Wine rack 6570:Wine cork 6560:Wine cave 6550:Screw cap 6520:Corkscrew 6485:New World 6480:Old World 6458:Zinfandel 6433:MourvĂšdre 6340:Trebbiano 6280:Colombard 6181:Noble rot 6161:Fortified 6139:Sparkling 6106:New World 5836:Vine moth 5802:Nematodes 5767:Black rot 5751:Pests and 5727:Noble rot 5722:Festivals 5567:elevation 5515:variation 5485:Rootstock 4925:Wine lake 4901:Wine cave 4893:Inglenook 4840:corkscrew 4537:old vines 4372:prior to 4370:fortified 4277:oxidation 4223:noble rot 4070:Tafelwein 4051:fortified 4047:sparkling 3992:autolysis 3916:Strohwein 3897:fortified 3791:Soutirage 3780:Sommelier 3689:Selection 3664:oak aging 3591:semi-seco 3482:oxidative 3450:RĂ©coltant 3271:Puttonyos 3175:Champagne 3123:PrĂ€dikate 3008:PĂ©tillant 2946:Oenophile 2910:Noble rot 2887:NĂ©gociant 2817:liquoreux 2776:MillĂ©sime 2594:Maderized 2580:Liquoroso 2566:Liquoreux 2561:Grand cru 2290:Term for 2271:Habillage 2249:Grosslage 2218:Grand vin 2205:Grand vin 2190:Grand cru 2050:Frizzante 1968:Fine wine 1814:Extra Dry 1657:Égrappage 1646:noble rot 1644:term for 1634:noble rot 1629:EdelfĂ€ule 1436:Vignerons 1244:Corkscrew 1237:corkscrew 1223:. Unlike 1200:Consorzio 1189:Congeners 1098:Cleanskin 1070:name for 1045:Chiaretto 971:nĂ©gociant 929:Cerasuolo 899:wine cave 783:or local 757:decanting 751:Breathing 721:(600-650 692:An empty 553:Balthazar 491:noble rot 339:Eucharist 300:Acescence 224:Abboccato 7313:Oenology 7085:Pressing 6799:Pressing 6721:Glossary 6637:Industry 6530:Jug wine 6525:Decanter 6515:Box wine 6413:Isabella 6408:Grenache 6388:Carignan 6335:SĂ©millon 6320:Riesling 6315:Palomino 6058:Ancient 6041:Vineyard 6036:Veraison 6021:Oenology 5941:Category 5910:Oenology 5888:See also 5782:Dead arm 5754:diseases 5732:Ripeness 5684:Klopotec 5626:Vineyard 5585:planting 5583:Vineyard 5532:Drainage 5490:Vineyard 5478:Veraison 5473:Ripening 5228:cite web 5094:BBC News 5017:See also 5008:Zymology 4668:vineyard 4642:Marsanne 4616:ice wine 4569:Vignoble 4555:Vigneron 4513:wormwood 4503:Vermouth 4479:Riesling 4454:Vendange 4324:Varietal 4303:varietal 4282:Unctuous 4233:Typicity 4227:PrĂ€dikat 4115:Tastevin 4000:Muscadet 3931:PrĂ€dikat 3888:Stickies 3852:Spumante 3845:Spritzig 3832:PrĂ€dikat 3817:SpĂ€tlese 3540:pentoses 3497:Rehoboam 3415:cellars. 3390:Quaffing 3207:typicity 3203:varietal 3189:quaffing 3171:Burgundy 3159:PrĂ€dikat 3141:between 3139:Ausbruch 3131:SpĂ€tlese 3127:Kabinett 3109:PrĂ€dikat 3033:quaffing 2962:Oenology 2926:filtered 2837:Mousseux 2834:bubbles. 2823:Monopole 2812:Moelleux 2799:/Mistela 2797:Mistelle 2791:Bordeaux 2727:Meritage 2703:woodruff 2697:May wine 2555:Lieu-dit 2476:Landwein 2449:Kabinett 2428:American 2423:Jug wine 2407:Jeroboam 2340:Imperial 2318:Ice wine 2210:Bordeaux 2196:Burgundy 2162:Condrieu 2130:vineyard 1917:Feinherb 1886:Fattoria 1854:importer 1768:Eraflage 1689:ice wine 1662:pressing 1638:Edelkeur 1619:such as 1548:Portugal 1489:Demi-sec 1468:decanter 1426:cuverie. 1391:Cuvaison 1235:A basic 1179:Armagnac 1152:Colheita 1112:Lieu-dit 1091:Classico 1080:Bordeaux 1036:Bordeaux 1000:stemware 880:Caudalie 779:meaning 607:PrĂ€dikat 585:hogshead 581:Bordeaux 575:Barrique 515:PrĂ€dikat 495:PrĂ€dikat 479:Ausbruch 471:Aromatic 455:Aperitif 440:Bereiche 434:region. 349:old vine 239:Cabernet 199:See also 38:See also 7269:Terroir 7227:Related 7075:Vintage 7057:Harvest 6983:Terroir 6941:Related 6789:Vintage 6771:Harvest 6716:Outline 6540:Muselet 6502:storage 6393:Cinsaut 6368:Barbera 6295:Macabeo 6255:AligotĂ© 6213:Organic 6203:Natural 6156:Dessert 6101:Georgia 6051:History 6031:Terroir 6026:Species 5742:Weather 5737:Vintage 5709:Harvest 5694:Pruning 5645:Coulure 5552:Terroir 4845:Webster 4802:Vitigno 4789:Vintage 4722:vintage 4448:Vecchio 4433:Italian 4340:Spanish 4307:Chianti 4294:Uvaggio 4244:terroir 4206:Trocken 4182:Tonneau 4147:Terroir 4105:Spanish 4094:Italian 4088:Talento 4002:region. 3998:of the 3982:Sur lie 3961:Tuscany 3911:Marsala 3873:region 3869:In the 3857:Italian 3796:racking 3756:region 3752:In the 3748:Smaragd 3652:dosage. 3629:A tart 3625:Sangria 3558:Amarone 3552:Ripasso 3522:Reserve 3513:Reserva 3447:grapes. 3445:passito 3438:Italian 3432:Recioto 3375:(QWPSR) 3277:Hungary 3037:acidity 3028:Piquant 2996:perfume 2950:A wine 2651:Georgia 2600:Madeira 2571:liqueur 2563:status. 2324:Eiswein 2307:styles. 2255:Bereich 2234:Granvas 2099:Gemeind 2083:grapes. 2072:perlant 1976:Finings 1961:flagons 1941:Chianti 1901:region 1897:In the 1840:tracked 1751:harvest 1720:Élevage 1680:Eiswein 1479:sur lie 1418:Cuverie 1317:Crianza 1310:CrĂ©mant 1265:Coteaux 1168:Commune 1163:terroir 1117:terroir 1085:Classic 1068:British 1052:Clairet 1026:ChĂąteau 958:storage 858:Cascina 855:region. 834:Capsule 804:Italian 799:Cantina 774:Spanish 719:gallons 672:Tasting 613:Bereich 595:premium 509:Auslese 450:vintage 422:flavor. 381:(INAO). 353:Amabile 306:Adamado 297:labels. 7234:Winery 7197:Solera 6948:Winery 6911:Solera 6535:Kvevri 6423:Merlot 6418:Malbec 6218:Kosher 6194:Other 6149:Orange 6122:Styles 6089:France 5635:Canopy 5562:aspect 5458:Grapes 5386:  5366:  5297:  5190:"chai" 4883:juice. 4856:German 4808:Vivace 4782:Vinous 4744:, for 4560:French 4483:Muscat 4354:France 4267:Ullage 4200:Triage 4140:Tenuta 4130:T.B.A. 4077:Taille 4066:(PGI). 4027:SzĂĄraz 3875:Wachau 3822:German 3772:Solera 3758:Wachau 3736:Sherry 3713:Alsace 3709:French 3643:marani 3615:litres 3603:Sherry 3503:litres 3490:oxygen 3472:RĂ©colt 3425:Raisin 3406:Qvevri 3398:Quinta 3281:Tokaji 3191:wines. 3087:Podere 3078:French 3051:yields 2988:senses 2896:trader 2892:French 2877:litres 2830:Mousse 2742:liters 2663:pomace 2644:Marani 2611:litres 2605:Magnum 2545:metric 2432:French 2413:litres 2389:Merlot 2346:litres 2328:German 2222:second 2158:Alsace 2140:Tokaji 2040:French 1984:Flagon 1935:Fiasco 1903:Wachau 1858:duties 1685:German 1621:brandy 1617:spirit 1494:dosage 1423:cuvier 1401:tannin 1329:market 1183:Cognac 1174:Compte 1106:Climat 1063:Claret 1032:winery 942:chacha 936:Chacha 918:CĂ©page 743:Bottle 723:liters 715:Sherry 700:Bodega 677:B.O.B. 559:litres 445:Annata 323:Sherry 7184:Aging 6898:Aging 6448:Syrah 6403:Gamay 6373:Bobal 6285:Glera 6250:AirĂ©n 6242:White 6198:Table 6186:Straw 6176:Fruit 6134:White 6077:China 5956:Wines 5762:Birds 5617:Yield 5572:slope 5496:Vitis 4993:Yield 4977:yeast 4958:Xylem 4881:grape 4742:Latin 4672:Vinho 4640:from 4593:vines 4542:Viejo 4435:term 4342:term 4176:Tinto 4107:term 3838:Split 3824:for " 3702:sweet 3631:punch 3476:Redox 3465:(for 3340:(QbA) 3082:blanc 3069:Plonk 2894:for " 2850:punch 2715:honey 2635:(for 2538:Liter 2530:Litre 2490:wine. 2463:rabbi 2292:Rhine 2180:brand 2170:MĂącon 2034:from 1881:farms 1862:taxes 1791:wines 1574:Italy 1544:Italy 1411:CuvĂ©e 1357:Medoc 1322:Rioja 1259:CĂŽtes 1254:Corks 1250:helix 1149:year. 968:of a 966:chais 962:casks 874:Casta 733:botti 728:Botte 590:Basic 405:ATTTB 312:Adega 285:" on 204:Notes 6500:and 6229:Top 6144:RosĂ© 6000:Wine 5958:and 5920:Wine 5717:Brix 5640:Clos 5384:ISBN 5364:ISBN 5295:ISBN 5234:link 4871:Wine 4860:rosĂ© 4746:wine 4737:Vino 4680:wine 4678:for 4587:Viña 4582:wine 4562:for 4489:and 4481:and 4405:VDQS 4387:VDQS 4378:VDLT 4241:and 4157:The 4109:Cava 4015:SĂŒss 3988:lees 3929:. A 3899:and 3678:Sekt 3658:The 3598:Sack 3545:Rich 3518:oak. 3486:ages 3392:wine 3263:Punt 3256:/PGI 3250:(GI) 3239:/PDO 3197:The 3173:and 3117:and 3094:Port 2931:Nose 2856:Must 2709:Mead 2657:Marc 2523:lees 2387:and 2286:Hock 2168:and 2144:Goon 2135:Gönc 1929:Asti 1860:and 1787:and 1691:, a 1687:for 1651:Edes 1560:DOCG 1429:C.V. 1372:C.S. 1324:and 1280:and 1181:and 1124:Clos 1058:rosĂ© 1020:must 952:Chai 897:See 893:Cave 886:Cava 864:Cask 840:cork 769:C.A. 710:Bota 501:and 486:aszĂș 19:The 7192:Oak 6906:Oak 6355:Red 6166:Ice 6129:Red 4604:age 4576:Vin 4507:An 4428:VDT 4392:VDN 4359:VDL 4352:in 4288:Uva 4211:dry 4092:An 4049:or 3891:An 3879:KMW 3762:KMW 3534:/RS 3436:An 3317:QPR 3305:QmP 3293:QbA 3275:In 3047:AOC 2954:or 2676:Mas 2517:Lie 2356:IGT 2326:in 1907:KMW 1596:Dry 1530:DOC 1333:Cru 1299:IGT 1034:in 1014:or 869:oak 642:Bin 360:AOC 293:on 263:ABV 245:'s 230:ABC 60:0–9 55:Top 7304:: 5313:. 5275:. 5250:. 5230:}} 5226:{{ 5136:. 5092:. 5070:. 4854:A 4335:VC 4256:UC 4213:". 3740:A 3700:A 3682:A 3463:RM 3084:". 3017:A 2982:A 2633:RM 2543:A 2536:- 2534:US 2438:). 2434:: 2383:, 2164:, 2160:, 1829:EU 1507:DO 430:A 278:AC 27:, 7041:e 7034:t 7027:v 6755:e 6748:t 6741:v 6498:, 5992:e 5985:t 5978:v 5669:) 5481:) 5475:( 5419:e 5412:t 5405:v 5348:. 5323:. 5261:. 5236:) 5203:. 5146:. 5090:" 5086:" 5068:" 5064:" 5002:Z 4989:. 4971:Y 4952:X 4933:. 4867:. 4816:W 4779:. 4760:. 4748:. 4728:. 4708:. 4698:. 4682:. 4644:. 4618:. 4606:. 4596:. 4584:. 4566:. 4445:. 4356:. 4332:. 4318:V 4279:. 4251:U 4189:. 4137:. 4111:. 4035:T 3903:. 3813:. 3798:. 3788:. 3768:. 3645:. 3621:. 3605:. 3581:S 3542:. 3509:. 3420:R 3363:. 3334:. 3314:. 3302:. 3288:Q 3129:( 3039:. 3025:. 3003:P 2998:. 2958:. 2940:O 2883:. 2865:N 2852:. 2819:. 2793:. 2748:. 2673:. 2653:. 2617:. 2588:M 2540:) 2532:( 2526:. 2506:. 2470:L 2443:K 2419:. 2401:J 2352:. 2330:. 2312:I 2266:H 2202:. 2186:. 2088:G 2074:. 2058:. 1943:. 1869:F 1864:. 1711:. 1648:. 1605:E 1576:. 1486:. 1458:. 1444:D 1407:. 1363:. 1306:. 1296:( 1197:. 1136:. 1120:. 1082:. 1042:. 846:. 787:. 764:C 759:. 725:) 565:. 537:B 505:. 341:. 275:. 253:. 219:A 190:Z 185:Y 180:X 175:W 170:V 165:U 160:T 155:S 150:R 145:Q 140:P 135:O 130:N 125:M 120:L 115:K 110:J 105:I 100:H 95:G 90:F 85:E 80:D 75:C 70:B 65:A

Index

viticulture
winemaking
wine tasting
See also
Top
0–9
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
X

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.

↑