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Goalball classification at the
Paralympic Games is the basis for determining who can compete in the sport, and within which class. It is used for the purposes of establishing fair competition. Entry is eligible to male and female athletes with a visual disability in one of the three blind sport
208:
had a zero classification at the Games policy. This policy was put into place in 2014, with the goal of avoiding last minute changes in classes that would negatively impact athlete training preparations. All competitors needed to be internationally classified with their classification status
196:
will be held at Copper Box (Olympic Park) from 30 August to 7 September. Sixty women and seventy-two men will compete for two medal events. A maximum of one men's team and one women's team per country is allowed, with six athletes per team. All competitors will wear eyeshades to ensure visual
784:
176:. There are three types of classification available for Australian competitors: Provisional, national and international. The first is for club level competitions, the second for state and national competitions, and the third for international competitions.
253:, is working on improving classification to be more of an evidence-based system as opposed to a performance-based system so as not to punish elite athletes whose performance makes them appear in a higher class alongside competitors who train less.
487:
Doll-Tepper, Gudrun; Kröner, Michael; Sonnenschein, Werner; International
Paralympic Committee, Sport Science Committee (2001). "Organisation and Administration of the Classification Process for the Paralympics".
23:. Goalball players with a disability are classified into different categories based on their vision based disability type. The classification is handled by the International Blind Sports Association.
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845:
44:. The blind classifications are based on medical classification, no functional classification. This sport has rules that were designed specifically with people with disabilities in mind.
148:
Athletes are unable to perceive light in either eye — or have limited perception of light and are not able to "recognise the form of a hand at any distance and in any direction".
172:
Goalball assessment looks at a player's audio-spatial orientation during assessment. For
Australian competitors in this sport, the sport and classification is managed by the
133:
The sport was created in 1946 for veterans who were blind. In 1992, the
International Paralympic Committee formally took control of governance for disability sport.
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620:
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New
Horizons in sport for athletes with a disability : proceedings of the International VISTA '99 Conference, Cologne, Germany, 28 August-1 September 1999
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711:. Petersham, N.S.W.: Walla Walla Press in conjunction with the Australian Centre for Olympic Studies University of Technology, Sydney. p. 152.
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Athletes have a "visual acuity of above 2/60 to a visual acuity of 6/60 and/or a visual field or more than 5 degrees and less than 20 degrees".
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All athletes wear blindfolds while playing to ensure even level of plays amongst competitors with different degrees of visual impairment.
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188:, blind people were eligible to participate, with classification being run through IBSA, with all participants wearing goggles. At the
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The sport was first played at the
Paralympics as a medal sport in 1980. It had appeared in 1976 as a demonstration sport. At the
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as one intentionally not based on able-bodied sport. It was created to deal with specific needs of blind sport competitors.
118:
As of 2012, people with visual disabilities are eligible to compete in this sport. Both men and women are eligible to play.
154:
Athletes are able to "recognise the form of a hand to a visual acuity of 2/60 and/or a visual field of less than 5 degrees".
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989:
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1030:
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440:
192:, 19 assessments were conducted at the Games. This resulted in 5 class changes. Goalball competition at the London
707:
Cashman, Richard I; Darcy, Simon; University of
Technology, Sydney. Australian Centre for Olympic Studies (2008).
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confirmed prior to the Games, with exceptions to this policy being dealt with on a case-by-case basis.
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623:. Homebush Bay, New South Wales: Australian Paralympic Committee. 2012. Archived from
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Athletes are classified by their degree of visual impairment as follows:
20:
587:
Vanlandewijck, Yves; Thompson, Walter R; IOC Medical
Commission (2011).
589:
The paralympic athlete : handbook of sports medicine and science
492:. Vol. 1. Oxford (UK): Meyer & Meyer Sport. p. 290.
249:
Going forward, disability sport's major classification body, the
827:
468:. Bonn, Germany: International Paralympic Committee. p. 9
591:. Chichester, West Sussex, UK: Wiley-Blackwell. p. 23.
560:
558:
556:
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Benchmark games : the Sydney 2000 Paralympic Games
437:"Summer Sports — Australian Paralympic Committee"
649:. Sydney, Australia: Australian Paralympic Committee
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1008:
967:
861:
809:. Bonn, Germany: International Paralympic Committee
785:"AAP News: OLY:Australian goalballers London bound"
439:. Australian Paralympic Committee. Archived from
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293:
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287:
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787:. Australia: AAP News. 8 May 2012. WAAP97280181
725:. London 2012 Paralympic Games. Archived from
374:. Jones & Bartlett Learning. p. 818.
839:
463:"Layman's Guide to Paralympic Classification"
300:Michael Hutson; Cathy Speed (17 March 2011).
8:
846:
832:
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110:is the National Federation for the sport.
674:. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics. p.
668:DePauw, Karen P; Gavron, Susan J (1995).
527:. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics. p.
521:DePauw, Karen P; Gavron, Susan J (1995).
88:Visualisation of functional vision for a
72:Visualisation of functional vision for a
56:Visualisation of functional vision for a
306:. Oxford University Press. p. 441.
277:
46:
128:International Blind Sports Association
104:International Blind Sports Association
371:Athletic Training and Sports Medicine
334:Joseph P. Winnick (27 October 2010).
7:
408:. Taylor & Francis. p. 39.
337:Adapted Physical Education and Sport
756:International Paralympic Committee
251:International Paralympic Committee
206:International Paralympic Committee
14:
568:. Australian Paralympic Committee
19:is the classification system for
263:
81:
65:
49:
855:Disability sport classification
749:"Rio 2016 Classification Guide"
174:Australian Paralympic Committee
108:Australian Paralympic Committee
405:The Paralympic Games Explained
402:Ian Brittain (4 August 2009).
340:. Human Kinetics. p. 51.
1:
126:The sport was created by the
102:The sport is governed by the
758:. March 2016. Archived from
1119:
1098:Parasports classifications
368:Robert C. Schenck (1999).
647:"What is Classification?"
566:"Goalball Classification"
217:Goalball players include
807:"Classification History"
1067:Intellectual disability
723:"Goalball — About"
202:2016 Summer Paralympics
194:2012 Summer Paralympics
190:2000 Summer Paralympics
186:1992 Summer Paralympics
180:At the Paralympic Games
17:Goalball classification
995:Wheelchair basketball
197:impairment equality.
671:Disability and sport
524:Disability and sport
106:. In Australia, the
1041:Wheelchair curling
1021:Para-nordic skiing
1016:Para-alpine skiing
954:Wheelchair fencing
765:on August 16, 2016
213:Prominent athletes
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1084:
1026:Para-snowboarding
980:Football 7-a-side
975:Football 5-a-side
959:Wheelchair tennis
862:Individual Sports
729:on 22 August 2012
627:on 15 August 2012
443:on 15 August 2012
415:978-0-415-47658-4
381:978-0-89203-172-6
347:978-0-7360-8918-0
313:978-0-19-953390-9
227:Michelle Rzepecki
223:Meica Christensen
32:classifications:
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1050:Disability types
1000:Wheelchair rugby
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949:Table tennis
934:Powerlifting
909:Para-cycling
894:Para-archery
811:. Retrieved
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1057:Amputations
968:Team Sports
939:Racquetball
239:Tyan Taylor
114:Eligibility
1092:Categories
1072:Les Autres
685:0873228480
538:0873228480
499:1841260363
257:References
98:Governance
92:competitor
76:competitor
60:competitor
27:Definition
904:Paracanoe
733:20 August
631:19 August
607:642278479
572:21 August
472:19 August
447:21 August
421:21 August
387:21 August
353:21 August
319:19 August
1103:Goalball
985:Goalball
769:July 22,
694:31710003
547:31710003
508:48404898
200:For the
21:goalball
944:Sailing
813:30 July
791:15 July
653:30 July
168:Process
137:Classes
122:History
874:Boccia
692:
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605:
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245:Future
879:Bowls
763:(PDF)
752:(PDF)
466:(PDF)
889:Judo
815:2012
793:2012
771:2016
735:2012
690:OCLC
680:ISBN
655:2012
633:2012
603:OCLC
593:ISBN
574:2012
543:OCLC
533:ISBN
504:OCLC
494:ISBN
474:2012
449:2012
423:2012
410:ISBN
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321:2012
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