143:
awarding over to the national societies. From the beginning the lesser badges were only recorded by local gliding associations, and their criteria varies, although they are usually integrated into organized training programs. For example, in the United States a Bronze Badge is issued for demonstrated pre-cross country flying skills beyond the C level. In
Britain a pilot progresses from the B to the Bronze level and then receives an additional endorsement for cross-country training.
191:
151:
pilot for the FAI registry as a
Diamond Badge holder. The first pilot with the Diamond Badge was the American, John Robinson, in 1950, who had also held the absolute altitude record. Over 7600 people have achieved this level. The FAI also issues a diploma for a flight of 750 km, and additional ones in increments of 250 km, maintaining lists of the holders of these awards. As of 2019 six people had been awarded a 2000 km diploma
685:
649:
636:
282:
167:
900:
265:
179:
513:
792:
460:
602:
587:
549:
498:
447:
398:
362:
322:
763:
411:
142:
In 1932 the FAI recognized gliding, and formed a new section: the
Commission Internationale de Vol Ă Voile (CIVV). This eventually took over the role of ISTUS. The FAI decided that the Silver C was sufficiently meritorious to be internationally recognised, and issued the first 300 before turning the
214:
have been combined into four groups: Open, 15 metre, World Class and
Ultralight. Although female pilots can claim world records in these general categories, there are also additional records in these categories just for female pilots. Because of the number of records the table below only summarises
146:
The E badge (later called the Gold C and now usually just the Gold Badge) was established in 1935. A pilot who has completed the Gold Badge has flown 300 km, though not necessarily to a pre-defined goal, gained 3,000 m in height and has made a five-hour flight (only one has to be done to
150:
The F Badge (now the
Diamond Badge) started in 1949. The Diamond Badge requires three achievements: flying 300 km to a pre-defined goal, going 500 km in one flight (but not necessarily to a pre-defined goal), and gaining 5,000 m in height. Earning all three "diamonds" qualifies the
834:
In March 1995, IGC created the "GNSS FR Approval
Committee" (GFAC) to test recorders and co-ordinate IGC rules, and Annex B to the Sporting Code for gliders (SC3B) was created for FR rules and procedures. GFAC also issues IGC-approval documents for approved types of FR that are posted on the IGC
856:
A public/private key (PPK) encryption system such as RSA or equivalent is used to achieve the validation process above. IGC-approved
Recorders also have a security device such as a microswitch that operates if the recorder is opened. This enables unauthorised modification to the recorder to be
130:
Later the D badge became known as the Silver C, and more often today just the Silver Badge. Earning the Silver Badge shows that a glider pilot has achieved an altitude gain of at least 1,000 m, made a five-hour duration flight, and has flown cross-country for a straight-line distance of at
813:
Data output is in a standard ASCII-based format, the "IGC flight data format". This is used in files with the suffix "IGC" that is specified in detail in
Appendix A of the document "Technical Specification for IGC-approved GNSS Flight Recorders". Organisations outside IGC also use IGC-approved
115:, determined that pilots would be listed as "A" level if they flew a glider for either 300 meters or 30 seconds, and "B" level if they made two flights of 45 seconds in straight lines plus one of 60 seconds in an "S" pattern. (It should be remembered that these flights were made by
874:
These are allocated by GFAC depending on factors such as the security of the type of FR with respect to the latest IGC FR Specification, the age of the FR design and experience of its characteristics, and the integrity of FR flight data and its resistance to "hacking".
69:
When the IGC was founded in 1932, it was called CIVV (Commission
Internationale de Vol Ă Voile) and has also been called CVSM (Commission de Vol Sans Moteur). It is the FAI commission responsible for the international competitions, records and badges that apply to
119:
launches down hillsides.) In time a "C" level, requiring a five-minute flight, was added. A few years later Fritz Stamer, chief flight instructor of an early gliding school, designed the gull insignia which were used for these awards and later for the badges.
127:, was founded in Frankfurt on 13 June 1930, to record international gliding achievements. The founding nations were Belgium, France, the Netherlands, Hungary, Germany, Italy, and the USA. A series of badges for solo gliding was devised called A, B, C, D etc.
838:
For IGC-approval, the recorder design includes a security code in the downloaded file of flight data. This code and the file data itself can be checked ("validated") at any time later using a validation program that is posted on the IGC GNSS web site.
824:
Pressure altitude figures must be calibrated to the
International pressure/altitude values of the ICAO ISA (International Standard Atmosphere). Re-calibrations to check any errors from the ICAO ISA are carried out at regular intervals.
806:, national and world records. They replace photographic evidence or ground-based observers to record aircraft position. IGC-approved recorders include a pressure altitude sensor and a Global Navigation Satellite System (
927:
The Lilienthal Medal was instituted in 1938 "to reward a particularly remarkable performance in gliding, or eminent services to the sport of gliding over a long period of time". The first recipient was
821:
inside the recorder. Typical fix intervals, set by the pilot before flight, are 5 seconds for "cruising" flight between turn points, and 1 second near turn points or other points of interest.
884:
799:
With the advent of satellite navigation equipment at an affordable price, the International Gliding Commission of FAI developed a technical specification for approved flight recorders.
1338:
55:
100:
is managed by the FAI Aerobatics Commission (CIVA), which stands for "Commission Internationale de Voltige AĂ©rienne" and also deals with powered-aircraft
831:
GNSS altitude data can be compared with pressure altitude data from the recorder and this is a valuable check that both systems are working correctly.
28:
131:
least 50 km: these three attainments are usually, but not invariably, achieved in separate flights. The first recipients of the Silver C were
1260:
1173:
1285:
852:
That the data in the downloaded file that is being validated is identical to when it was originally downloaded from the recorder.
58:(FAI), or "World Air Sports Federation". FAI is the world body for sporting aviation and the certification of world records for
662:
112:
147:
count for both the Silver and Gold). Up to this level the badges are registered only by the national gliding associations.
1333:
828:
GNSS lat/long data records the track over ground and in particular whether a particular turn point (TP) has been reached.
48:
967:
299:
90:
817:
In IGC-approved recorders, GNSS and pressure altitude data is continuously recorded during flight in fixes stored in
215:
some of the Open Category gliding records as at the beginning of 2008. A full list is available on the FAI web site.
211:
773:
86:
have a separate body called the FAI CIVL Commission, which stands for "Commission Internationale de Vol Libre".
1137:
912:
339:
1087:
629:
1241:
111:
In the early 1920s two flying organizations, the Association of the German Model and Gliding Clubs, and the
1112:
1051:
696:
987:
907:
The Commission makes awards for great achievements and meritorious service. For gliding it presents:
595:
506:
258:
818:
803:
972:
957:
703:
97:
71:
27:
190:
1012:
1002:
917:
1245:
1017:
888:
136:
1264:
1177:
952:
929:
1289:
166:
977:
899:
93:
are organised every two years or so by the FAI Gliding Commission and the host nation.
1197:
A History of American Soaring, by Ralph S. Barnaby. Soaring Society of America, 1974.
1327:
1161:
997:
992:
982:
947:
757:
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580:
542:
491:
440:
391:
355:
315:
275:
1207:
1027:
791:
178:
75:
63:
210:
The wide variety of records have been defined by the FAI Gliding Commission. The
1007:
290:
270:
116:
79:
59:
962:
942:
937:
559:
132:
101:
83:
1227:
1022:
518:
294:
17:
470:
419:
332:
802:
IGC-approved flight recorders provide precise evidence of position for
465:
44:
1318:
1141:
1313:
932:
in recognition of his 577.8 km flight. Its recipients include:
1091:
849:
That the recorder has not been altered from its IGC-approved state,
1238:
923:
The Pirat Gehriger Diploma (for services to international gliding)
898:
790:
1261:"IGC Flight Recorder Specification Edition 2 with AL5 2019-10-30"
1116:
807:
846:
That the file has originated from an approved type of recorder,
1055:
26:
857:
detected and protects the integrity of its output data.
54:
It is one of several Air Sport Commissions (ASC) of the
43:) is the international governing body for the sport of
1075:
814:
flight recorders and the IGC flight data file format.
125:(Internationale Studienkommission fĂĽr motorlosen Flug)
885:
Organisation Scientifique et Technique du Vol Ă Voile
1088:"FAI Hang Gliding and Paragliding Commission – CIVL"
47:. It is governed by meetings of delegates from
571:Speed over a triangular course of 500 km
533:Speed over a triangular course of 300 km
482:Speed over a triangular course of 100 km
431:Distance over a triangular course (see below)
842:This validation program checks three things:
8:
1076:Fédération Aéronautique Internationale - FAI
78:. The term "sailplanes" is sometimes used.
891:and pilots to share experience and opinion
1255:
1253:
1174:"Gliding Certificates/Badges & Awards"
887:(OSTIV) which facilitates contact between
1339:Sports organizations established in 1932
1286:"List of recipients of Lilienthal Medal"
860:There are three levels of IGC-approval:
715:
346:Free distance using up to 3 turn points
222:
1040:
162:
56:Fédération Aéronautique Internationale
1046:
1044:
7:
864:All flights including world records
382:Distance using up to 3 turn points
1113:"FAI Aerobatics Commission – CIVA"
25:
920:Gliding Medal (for female pilots)
1319:International Gliding Commission
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37:International Gliding Commission
1263:. 3 August 2017. Archived from
1208:"National Soaring Museum(USA)"
1162:SSA FAI Badge Record Home Page
1052:"FAI Gliding Commission – IGC"
663:Windward Performance Perlan II
1:
1138:"Specification of the badges"
306:Free out-and-return-distance
157:FAI Gliding Commission Badges
49:national gliding associations
870:Badge Flights up to Diamonds
867:All Badge and Diploma fights
795:LXNav Nano 3 flight recorder
1239:FAI List of gliding records
91:World Gliding Championships
1355:
615:Schempp-Hirth Nimbus-4DM
566:Schempp-Hirth Nimbus-4DM
528:Schempp-Hirth Nimbus-4DM
477:Schempp-Hirth Nimbus-4DM
426:Schempp-Hirth Nimbus-4DM
377:Schempp-Hirth Nimbus-4DM
96:Within FAI, the sport of
66:and was founded in 1905.
913:Lilienthal Gliding Medal
340:Schempp-Hirth Nimbus-4DM
113:Rhön Soaring Association
904:
883:An associated body is
796:
32:
902:
794:
787:GNSS flight recorders
697:Lancaster, California
139:on 15 February 1931.
30:
1334:Gliding associations
988:George B. Moffat Jr.
889:glider manufacturers
804:gliding competitions
774:Romanin-les-Alpilles
712:Discontinued records
704:Schweizer SGS 1-23 E
300:Schleicher ASH 25 Mi
819:non-volatile memory
1244:2006-12-05 at the
958:Hans-Werner Grosse
905:
797:
620:Absolute Altitude
219:Open class records
33:
1228:IGC 2000km badges
784:
783:
709:
708:
212:classes of glider
98:glider aerobatics
16:(Redirected from
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1288:. Archived from
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1140:. Archived from
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1090:. Archived from
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1054:. Archived from
1048:
1013:Richard Schreder
1003:Helmut Reichmann
918:Pelagia Majewska
903:Lilienthal medal
780:Arsenal Air 100
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1018:Karl Striedieck
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835:GNSS web site.
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669:Gain of Height
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596:Kathrin Woetzel
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137:Robert Kronfeld
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1308:External links
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1292:on 2017-09-15
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679:Paul F. Bikle
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581:Klaus Ohlmann
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543:Klaus Ohlmann
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492:Klaus Ohlmann
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455:Anssi Soila
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441:Klaus Ohlmann
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76:motor gliders
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42:
38:
29:
19:
1294:. Retrieved
1290:the original
1280:
1269:. Retrieved
1265:the original
1234:
1223:
1211:. Retrieved
1202:
1193:
1182:. Retrieved
1178:the original
1168:
1157:
1146:. Retrieved
1142:the original
1132:
1121:. Retrieved
1117:the original
1107:
1096:. Retrieved
1092:the original
1082:
1071:
1060:. Retrieved
1056:the original
1028:Philip Wills
968:Dick Johnson
953:Tadeusz GĂłra
930:Tadeusz GĂłra
926:
906:
882:
873:
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827:
823:
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812:
810:) receiver.
801:
798:
745:Single seat
574:194.79 km/h
536:225.69 km/h
209:
172:Silver Badge
149:
145:
141:
129:
124:
122:
110:
95:
88:
80:Hang gliders
68:
64:astronautics
53:
40:
36:
34:
31:FAI-IGC Logo
1008:Ingo Renner
754:1952-04-02
675:1961-02-25
657:El Calafate
644:Tim Gardner
610:Chos Malal
577:2005-11-23
539:2005-11-21
488:2006-12-18
485:289.4 km/h
437:2011-01-12
434:1,750.6 km
388:2009-12-28
385:2,643.2 km
352:2003-01-21
312:2003-12-03
291:El Calafate
255:2004-12-04
252:2,192.9 km
117:bungee cord
84:paragliders
60:aeronautics
1328:Categories
1296:2012-07-15
1271:2020-04-30
1184:2019-05-08
1148:2008-02-19
1123:2006-11-19
1098:2006-11-19
1062:2006-11-19
1035:References
973:George Lee
963:Wolf Hirth
943:Anne Burns
938:Paul Bikle
659:Argentina
626:2018-09-2
612:Argentina
563:Argentina
560:Chos Malal
525:Argentina
474:Argentina
423:Argentina
374:Argentina
336:Argentina
184:Gold Badge
133:Wolf Hirth
102:aerobatics
18:Gold badge
1023:Ann Welch
751:56h 15mn
748:Duration
722:Category
672:12,894 m
630:Jim Payne
623:23,202 m
519:Argentina
372:Chapelco
349:3,009 km
309:2,247 km
295:Argentina
226:Category
1242:Archived
607:Germany
592:Germany
554:Germany
503:Germany
471:Chapelco
452:Germany
420:Chapelco
403:Germany
367:Germany
333:Chapelco
327:Germany
777:France
768:France
740:Glider
725:Record
523:Zapala
466:Finland
416:France
244:Glider
229:Record
72:gliders
45:gliding
1213:1 July
895:Awards
766:
737:Place
731:Pilot
719:Class
688:
652:
639:
605:
590:
552:
516:
501:
463:
450:
414:
401:
365:
325:
285:
268:
241:Place
235:Pilot
123:ISTUS
107:Badges
879:OSTIV
734:Crew
728:Date
238:Crew
232:Date
1215:2021
911:The
808:GNSS
690:USA
654:USA
641:USA
287:USA
135:and
89:The
82:and
74:and
62:and
35:The
271:NZL
41:IGC
1330::
1252:^
1043:^
51:.
1299:.
1274:.
1217:.
1187:.
1151:.
1126:.
1101:.
1065:.
39:(
20:)
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