42:
555:
had incorrectly interpreted the treaty when it found that tea made from plants is a naturally occurring material. However, because the government had failed to submit any evidence on the international consequences of granting an exemption to CSA enforcement by allowing UDV to practice its religion,
194:
A church was properly granted an injunction under the
Religious Freedom Restoration Act of 1993 against criminal prosecution for its sacramental use of a hallucinatory substance, because the federal government had failed to demonstrate a compelling interest in prohibiting that use under the
2501:
1933:
559:
The ruling upheld a preliminary injunction allowing the church to use the tea pending a lower court trial on a permanent injunction, during which the government would have had the opportunity to present further evidence consistent with the
Supreme Court's ruling.
542:
The Court first found that the standard under RFRA for a preliminary injunction is the same as at trial, just as it would be for a constitutional claim. Disagreeing with the
District Court, the Supreme Court found that ayahuasca is covered under the 1971
1976:
1586:
1399:
556:
the Court ruled that it had failed to meet its burden on this point. The
Supreme Court ruled that the government failed to demonstrate a compelling interest in applying the Controlled Substances Act to the UDV's sacramental use of the tea.
502:
As it worked its way through the appellate courts, the
Supreme Court lifted a stay in December 2004 thereby permitting the church to use hoasca for their Christmas services. One-hour of oral arguments were heard on November 1, 2005, where
4791:
2387:
5113:
3427:
2561:
4163:
3933:
6719:
6575:
5089:
5057:
4993:
4038:
2110:
1634:
2307:
3276:
4961:
568:
The ruling is not binding on states. The Act was amended in 2003 to only include the federal government and its entities, such as Puerto Rico and the
District of Columbia. A number of states have passed
6857:
5105:
5281:
4719:
4703:
4556:
4548:
4046:
1826:
5536:
2251:
4631:
3623:
5097:
4030:
1949:
341:
143:
6137:
4488:
4054:
1618:
998:
527:
took no part in the consideration or decision of the case because he was not on the Court when the case was argued. The Court found that the government was unable to detail the government's
6852:
4211:
1033:
599:
2914:
2395:
4327:
4319:
5081:
4908:
4358:
2749:
6872:
6169:
5456:
5440:
5337:
3615:
1992:
1666:
1298:
1123:
621:
177:
93:
6759:
6161:
5619:
5049:
2581:
1834:
591:
440:
340:
in its services, sued, claiming the seizure was illegal, and sought to ensure future importation of the tea for religious use. The church won a preliminary injunction from the
154:
5001:
4639:
4287:
4820:
4687:
4480:
3998:
3220:
2456:
2379:
1674:
6791:
6658:
5392:
5177:
4463:
3843:
1314:
1239:
294:
4532:
4262:
1775:
1346:
3591:
475:, wrote separately to argue that the district court used the correct standard but should not have granted the preliminary injunction. Judge Seymour, joined by Judges
6438:
6193:
5544:
2509:
1909:
5771:
3699:
1367:
1184:
1178:
4953:
4227:
1626:
3188:
6478:
6394:
6076:
5643:
4419:
3803:
3490:
3300:
499:, argued that the district court used the correct standard to reach the correct result, and partially joined those parts of the other opinions that said so.
602:
filed a statement of interest in support of the church. In late 2012, a settlement was reached in which the county agreed to allow the church to be built.
6287:
5825:
5678:
5185:
5145:
3308:
2403:
1799:
1791:
528:
519:
On
February 21, 2006, the Supreme Court unanimously delivered judgment in favor of the church, affirming and remanding to the lower court. Chief Justice
6842:
5273:
5009:
4382:
4179:
3252:
3236:
3228:
1290:
4187:
3244:
5980:
5882:
5376:
5233:
4900:
4303:
4131:
3779:
3140:
3108:
2464:
2299:
1682:
1514:
742:
587:
321:
302:
403:, filed suit claiming that the seizure was an illegal violation of the church members' rights. They claimed their usage was permitted under the 1993
3835:
3004:
1984:
1850:
1498:
1230:
570:
5225:
1578:
6862:
6666:
6260:
5528:
5448:
5313:
5153:
4006:
3949:
3204:
6799:
5297:
6252:
6691:
5739:
5464:
5432:
5416:
4924:
4524:
4472:
4451:
3990:
3212:
2635:
2179:
508:
6295:
5627:
5357:
4671:
4540:
3888:
3172:
2323:
1842:
1383:
544:
352:
5289:
6642:
5504:
5488:
4751:
4580:
4508:
2654:
2427:
1866:
1807:
3957:
2355:
1134:
805:
1466:
324:, the government had failed to show a compelling interest in prosecuting religious adherents for drinking a sacramental tea containing a
6887:
6847:
6591:
6340:
5956:
5209:
4107:
4022:
3965:
3435:
2545:
2019:
1735:
1025:
6877:
6209:
5706:
4147:
3386:
2493:
2035:
1925:
1391:
408:
317:
46:
5217:
4155:
1893:
6743:
4783:
4695:
4311:
4139:
3652:
3353:
3164:
2839:
2528:
1202:
1196:
1190:
1056:
984:
967:
934:
536:
404:
5972:
892:
4647:
2363:
2102:
1538:
6559:
6543:
6228:
5408:
5201:
4516:
3763:
3268:
2078:
1554:
863:
3787:
347:
The
Supreme Court affirmed. The Court also disagreed with the government's central argument that the uniform application of the
6892:
6767:
6551:
6201:
5790:
5257:
5249:
5129:
4916:
4599:
4427:
4203:
3316:
3132:
3044:
2685:
590:, prompting opposition from neighbors. When the county refused to grant the church a building permit, Bronfman sued under the
325:
6084:
6815:
6129:
6121:
6052:
6023:
5400:
4977:
4852:
4727:
3156:
2882:
2815:
2419:
1711:
1407:
948:
5424:
5169:
4123:
3530:
3180:
2347:
6634:
5384:
5033:
3941:
421:(1990), in which the Supreme Court held that unemployment benefits could be denied to two Native Americans fired for using
6897:
6583:
5560:
5065:
5017:
4860:
4743:
4443:
4350:
3567:
3394:
1602:
1450:
1322:
368:
5137:
5121:
1375:
551:(CSA). The Court rejected the District Court's reliance on the official commentary to the convention, reasoning that the
6462:
5948:
5603:
5241:
4892:
4254:
4171:
3771:
3668:
3559:
3522:
2801:
2371:
1223:
1170:
575:
417:
4876:
1917:
6703:
6349:
6185:
6145:
4390:
3819:
3715:
3060:
2987:
2874:
2823:
2315:
1858:
3466:
4091:
6618:
6535:
6236:
5576:
5305:
4062:
3599:
2922:
2898:
1570:
1442:
1338:
491:, wrote separately to argue that the district court used the wrong standard but reached the correct result. Judge
6626:
6867:
6735:
6244:
6092:
5940:
5924:
3731:
3284:
3068:
2155:
548:
432:
preventing the federal government from barring their usage of hoasca. In August 2002, U.S. District Chief Judge
392:
348:
5193:
953:, 546 U.S. 418, 437 (2006) citing U. N. Commentary on the Convention on Psychotropic Substances 387, 385 (1976).
913:
677:
139:
6446:
6031:
4969:
4945:
4572:
3917:
3896:
3514:
3292:
3076:
3036:
2831:
2806:
2762:
2693:
2640:
2203:
1901:
1658:
1415:
962:
Sullivan, Winnifred. 2005. The impossibility of religious freedom. Princeton, NJ: Princeton
University Press.
5798:
4115:
6153:
6113:
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4070:
3795:
3660:
3644:
3607:
3458:
3361:
2967:
2866:
2782:
2741:
2709:
2678:
2195:
2171:
1216:
699:
150:
5817:
721:
165:
6419:
6068:
5520:
4493:
3691:
3583:
2996:
2975:
2951:
2757:
2235:
1490:
769:
472:
448:
429:
5849:
6650:
5908:
5723:
5670:
4799:
3012:
2725:
2701:
2484:
2339:
1530:
1127:
1061:
625:
468:
444:
181:
85:
6711:
6610:
6386:
5964:
5161:
2590:
2086:
1546:
65:
Alberto R. Gonzales, Attorney
General, et al., v. O Centro Espírita Beneficente União do Vegetal et al.
1562:
195:
Controlled Substances Act. United States Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit affirmed and remanded.
5472:
4884:
4828:
4711:
4099:
3925:
3723:
3707:
3482:
3406:
3124:
3092:
2219:
2143:
1767:
1743:
1482:
1253:
492:
436:
granted the church's motion, finding it was likely to succeed on the merits of its claim under RFRA.
380:
1522:
1506:
6357:
6328:
6268:
5763:
5265:
4985:
4679:
4663:
4607:
3859:
3755:
3474:
3028:
3020:
2906:
2777:
2011:
1941:
1423:
1205:– On rehearing en banc: Appeal from the United States District Court for the District of New Mexico
1152:
480:
476:
460:
433:
329:
250:
100:
5073:
6882:
6567:
6497:
6378:
6303:
6060:
6015:
5988:
5747:
5694:
5568:
5496:
5041:
4564:
4435:
3747:
3498:
3410:
3337:
3148:
3100:
3084:
3052:
2890:
2717:
2606:
2283:
2267:
2259:
2243:
2054:
2027:
1759:
1642:
1306:
1003:
868:
810:
747:
388:
298:
6775:
6177:
5916:
5552:
5329:
4936:
4763:
4615:
4374:
4339:
4014:
3880:
3827:
3811:
3538:
3260:
3196:
3116:
2959:
2857:
2094:
1719:
1650:
1610:
1474:
1282:
1274:
1101:
980:
963:
774:
496:
484:
452:
218:
17:
6751:
6454:
5833:
5715:
5662:
5611:
5595:
5480:
5368:
4844:
4655:
4295:
3981:
3851:
3739:
3506:
2930:
2569:
2553:
2411:
2291:
2227:
2187:
2062:
1594:
1330:
1143:
859:
801:
779:
738:
488:
6727:
6470:
5996:
5932:
5894:
5755:
5686:
5345:
4868:
4775:
4398:
4235:
4219:
4195:
3447:
3419:
3377:
3345:
2789:
2733:
2472:
2211:
2163:
2118:
2070:
1885:
1751:
1727:
1690:
532:
400:
242:
230:
1208:
979:
Canby, William C. Jr. (2004). American Indian Law. P. 344. West Publishing Co. St. Paul.
645:
6783:
5857:
5841:
4735:
4623:
4500:
2851:
2448:
1977:
Valley Forge Christian College v. Americans United for Separation of Church & State
1968:
1783:
1587:
Valley Forge Christian College v. Americans United for Separation of Church & State
1458:
1161:
650:
641:
628:
552:
504:
254:
226:
74:
6836:
3575:
2769:
2598:
897:
464:
412:
6516:
5731:
5512:
5321:
5178:
Ibanez v. Florida Dept. of Business and Professional Regulation, Bd. of Accountancy
5025:
4410:
4366:
3682:
2331:
2275:
837:
524:
520:
262:
238:
210:
88:
743:"Supreme Court to Hear Case of Dispute Over Religious Group's Use of Banned Drug"
6807:
5635:
2942:
918:
136:
6104:
5899:
2665:
333:
169:
104:
1199:– Appeal from the United States District Court for the District of New Mexico
279:
Roberts, joined by Stevens, Scalia, Kennedy, Souter, Thomas, Ginsburg, Breyer
1026:"City And Town Engaged In Systematic Religious Discrimination, Suit Alleges"
725:
703:
595:
376:
337:
1089:
832:
116:
2670:
5098:
Pacific Gas & Electric Co. v. Public Utilities Comm'n of California
4031:
Pacific Gas & Electric Co. v. Public Utilities Comm'n of California
935:
Taking Accommodation Seriously: Religious Freedom and the O Centro Case
456:
396:
351:(CSA) does not allow for exceptions for the substance in this case, as
5146:
Peel v. Attorney Registration and Disciplinary Commission of Illinois
2562:
Little Sisters of the Poor Saints Peter and Paul Home v. Pennsylvania
1102:"Religious Freedom and United States Drug Laws: Notes on the UDV-USA"
681:
422:
384:
356:
5058:
Central Hudson Gas & Electric Corp. v. Public Service Commission
6720:
Eastern Railroad Presidents Conference v. Noerr Motor Freight, Inc.
6576:
Hurley v. Irish-American Gay, Lesbian, and Bisexual Group of Boston
4039:
Hurley v. Irish-American Gay, Lesbian, and Bisexual Group of Boston
523:
wrote the opinion for a unanimous Court of eight justices. Justice
5114:
San Francisco Arts & Athletics, Inc. v. U.S. Olympic Committee
5090:
Zauderer v. Off. of Disciplinary Counsel of Supreme Court of Ohio
4994:
Virginia State Pharmacy Bd. v. Virginia Citizens Consumer Council
3934:
Perry Education Association v. Perry Local Educators' Association
3277:
American Booksellers Foundation for Free Expression v. Strickland
395:. While no charges were filed, the United States chapter, led by
5234:
Los Angeles Police Department v. United Reporting Publishing Co.
4901:
Heffron v. International Society for Krishna Consciousness, Inc.
2300:
Heffron v. International Society for Krishna Consciousness, Inc.
583:
328:. After the federal government seized its sacramental tea, the
284:
Alito took no part in the consideration or decision of the case.
162:
147:
6689:
6417:
6326:
5880:
4164:
Board of Regents of the Univ. of Wisconsin System v. Southworth
4047:
Rumsfeld v. Forum for Academic & Institutional Rights, Inc.
2633:
2141:
1251:
1212:
41:
5282:
Tennessee Secondary School Athletic Assn. v. Brentwood Academy
4792:
U.S. Civil Service Comm'n v. National Ass'n of Letter Carriers
4720:
Tennessee Secondary School Athletic Assn. v. Brentwood Academy
4704:
Brentwood Academy v. Tennessee Secondary School Athletic Assn.
4557:
Tennessee Secondary School Athletic Assn. v. Brentwood Academy
4549:
Brentwood Academy v. Tennessee Secondary School Athletic Assn.
1499:
Levitt v. Committee for Public Education and Religious Liberty
1094:
1066:
806:"Justices Weighing Narcotics Policy Against Needs of a Church"
5226:
Greater New Orleans Broadcasting Assn., Inc. v. United States
2252:
Gallagher v. Crown Kosher Super Market of Massachusetts, Inc.
1579:
Committee for Public Education and Religious Liberty v. Regan
999:"Bronfman scion's temple plans aren't U.S. town's cup of tea"
6667:
Washington State Grange v. Washington State Republican Party
4962:
Pittsburgh Press Co. v. Pittsburgh Comm'n on Human Relations
3950:
International Society for Krishna Consciousness, Inc. v. Lee
3624:
City of Austin v. Reagan National Advertising of Austin, LLC
833:"Gonzales v. O Centro Espírita Beneficente União do Vegetal"
582:
Bronfman next sought to move the church's services from the
579:
case remains the authority in these matters in many states.
6800:
BE and K Construction Co. v. National Labor Relations Board
5298:
Jerman v. Carlisle, McNellie, Rini, Kramer & Ulrich LPA
5106:
Posadas de Puerto Rico Assoc. v. Tourism Co. of Puerto Rico
1950:
Roman Catholic Archdiocese of San Juan v. Acevedo Feliciano
1057:"Controversy Brews Over Church's Hallucinogenic Tea Ritual"
717:
O Centro Espirita Beneficiente União do Vegetal v. Ashcroft
695:
O Centro Espirita Beneficiente União do Vegetal v. Ashcroft
673:
O Centro Espirita Beneficiente União do Vegetal v. Ashcroft
342:
United States District Court for the District of New Mexico
6253:
Denver Area Ed. Telecommunications Consortium, Inc. v. FCC
5537:
Arizona Free Enterprise Club's Freedom Club PAC v. Bennett
4055:
National Institute of Family and Life Advocates v. Becerra
2538:
Gonzales v. O Centro Espírita Beneficente União do Vegetal
2111:
Board of Ed. of Kiryas Joel Village School Dist. v. Grumet
1635:
Board of Ed. of Kiryas Joel Village School Dist. v. Grumet
1619:
Witters v. Washington Department of Services for the Blind
1120:
Gonzales v. O Centro Espírita Beneficente União do Vegetal
950:
Gonzales v. O Centro Espírita Beneficente União do Vegetal
618:
Gonzales v. O Centro Espírita Beneficente União do Vegetal
463:, by a vote of 8-5. Judge Murphy, joined fully by Judges
313:
Gonzales v. O Centro Espírita Beneficente União do Vegetal
174:
Gonzales v. O Centro Espirita Beneficente União do Vegetal
133:
O Centro Espirita Beneficente União do Vegetal v. Ashcroft
35:
Gonzales v. O Centro Espírita Beneficente União do Vegetal
1106:
1034:
United States Department of Justice Civil Rights Division
600:
United States Department of Justice Civil Rights Division
2396:
Masterpiece Cakeshop v. Colorado Civil Rights Commission
1827:
Lamb's Chapel v. Center Moriches Union Free School Dist.
6138:
Greenbelt Cooperative Publishing Ass'n, Inc. v. Bresler
6858:
United States Supreme Court cases of the Roberts Court
6170:
Dun & Bradstreet, Inc. v. Greenmoss Builders, Inc.
5290:
Milavetz, Gallop & Milavetz, P.A. v. United States
5082:
Hoffman Estates v. The Flipside, Hoffman Estates, Inc.
4909:
Hoffman Estates v. The Flipside, Hoffman Estates, Inc.
131:
Preliminary injunction granted in part to plaintiffs,
5457:
FEC v. Colorado Republican Federal Campaign Committee
5441:
Colorado Republican Federal Campaign Committee v. FEC
5338:
Barr v. American Association of Political Consultants
3616:
Barr v. American Association of Political Consultants
1835:
Capitol Square Review & Advisory Board v. Pinette
1299:
County of Allegheny v. American Civil Liberties Union
932:
Richard W. Garnett & Joshua D. Dunlap,
6760:
California Motor Transport Co. v. Trucking Unlimited
6162:
Bose Corp. v. Consumers Union of United States, Inc.
3958:
Arkansas Educational Television Commission v. Forbes
2750:
Communist Party v. Subversive Activities Control Bd.
2356:
Frazee v. Illinois Department of Employment Security
914:
Note, Is O Centro a Sign of Hope for RFRA Claimants?
592:
Religious Land Use and Institutionalized Persons Act
545:
United Nations Convention on Psychotropic Substances
441:
United States Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit
6602:
6527:
6508:
6489:
6430:
6368:
6339:
6279:
6220:
6103:
6042:
6007:
5893:
5809:
5782:
5705:
5654:
5587:
5356:
4935:
4810:
4762:
4632:
Mt. Healthy City School Dist. Board of Ed. v. Doyle
4591:
4462:
4409:
4338:
4328:
USAID v. Alliance for Open Society International II
4288:
Regan v. Taxation with Representation of Washington
4277:
4246:
4081:
3980:
3907:
3870:
3679:
3634:
3549:
3446:
3405:
3376:
3327:
2986:
2941:
2850:
2800:
2664:
2653:
2580:
2527:
2520:
2483:
2438:
2046:
2003:
1960:
1877:
1818:
1701:
1467:
Board of Ed. of Central School Dist. No. 1 v. Allen
1434:
1357:
1264:
531:in barring religious usage of Hoasca when applying
371:agents seized over 30 U.S. gallons (110 liters) of
288:
275:
270:
199:
188:
127:
122:
112:
80:
70:
60:
53:
34:
4688:United States v. National Treasury Employees Union
4481:West Virginia State Board of Education v. Barnette
4359:Walker v. Texas Div., Sons of Confederate Veterans
4320:USAID v. Alliance for Open Society International I
3221:United States v. Playboy Entertainment Group, Inc.
2380:Church of the Lukumi Babalu Aye v. City of Hialeah
2020:Two Guys from Harrison-Allentown, Inc. v. McGinley
6792:Buckley v. American Constitutional Law Foundation
6659:New York State Board of Elections v. Lopez Torres
5620:Brown v. Socialist Workers '74 Campaign Committee
5393:Citizens Against Rent Control v. City of Berkeley
3844:Schenck v. Pro-Choice Network of Western New York
3592:Simon & Schuster, Inc. v. Crime Victims Board
1315:McCreary County v. American Civil Liberties Union
415:, a law passed by Congress in direct response to
6853:United States free exercise of religion case law
4489:Tinker v. Des Moines Ind. Community School Dist.
4263:Minnesota Board for Community Colleges v. Knight
3428:Board of Airport Commissioners v. Jews for Jesus
1934:Serbian Eastern Orthodox Diocese v. Milivojevich
1347:American Legion v. American Humanist Association
391:, which is outlawed for most purposes under the
6439:Joint Anti-Fascist Refugee Committee v. McGrath
6194:Harte-Hanks Communications, Inc. v. Connaughton
5545:American Tradition Partnership, Inc. v. Bullock
5218:Glickman v. Wileman Brothers & Elliot, Inc.
5002:Linmark Assoc., Inc. v. Township of Willingboro
4156:Glickman v. Wileman Brothers & Elliot, Inc.
2510:Our Lady of Guadalupe School v. Morrissey-Berru
1894:Gonzalez v. Roman Catholic Archbishop of Manila
864:"Sect Allowed to Import Its Hallucinogenic Tea"
455:. In November 2004, a divided majority of the
5772:National Rifle Association of America v. Vullo
4821:Mutual Film Corp. v. Industrial Comm'n of Ohio
1090:Court upholds church use of hallucinogenic tea
938:, 2005–2006 Cato Sup. Ct. Rev. 159 (2006).
4228:Friedrichs v. California Teachers Association
1627:Zobrest v. Catalina Foothills School District
1224:
320:case in which the Court held that, under the
8:
6873:United States controlled substances case law
6479:Americans for Prosperity Foundation v. Bonta
6395:Americans for Prosperity Foundation v. Bonta
6077:Minneapolis Star Tribune Co. v. Commissioner
5644:Americans for Prosperity Foundation v. Bonta
4648:Smith v. Arkansas State Hwy. Employees Local
3999:West Virginia State Board of Ed. v. Barnette
3804:Clark v. Community for Creative Non-Violence
3491:Clark v. Community for Creative Non-Violence
2364:Swaggart Ministries v. Board of Equalization
2103:Swaggart Ministries v. Board of Equalization
1539:Public Funds for Public Schools v. Marburger
893:The Supreme Court, 2005 Term — Leading Cases
6288:Zacchini v. Scripps-Howard Broadcasting Co.
5679:Manhattan Community Access Corp. v. Halleck
5186:Lebron v. National Railroad Passenger Corp.
4640:Givhan v. Western Line Consol. School Dist.
2404:Roman Catholic Diocese of Brooklyn v. Cuomo
1993:Arizona Christian Sch. Tuition Org. v. Winn
1667:Arizona Christian Sch. Tuition Org. v. Winn
1555:Roemer v. Board of Public Works of Maryland
1185:District Court memorandum opinion and order
1179:District Court memorandum opinion and order
6686:
6427:
6414:
6336:
6323:
5890:
5877:
5010:Carey v. Population Services International
4696:Board of Comm'rs, Wabaunsee Cty. v. Umbehr
4533:Westside Community Board of Ed. v. Mergens
4383:Houston Community College System v. Wilson
4243:
3788:USPS v. Council of Greenburgh Civic Assns.
3676:
3229:City of Los Angeles v. Alameda Books, Inc.
3189:American Booksellers Ass'n, Inc. v. Hudnut
2915:Nat'l Socialist Party v. Village of Skokie
2661:
2650:
2630:
2524:
2435:
2138:
1776:Westside Community Board of Ed. v. Mergens
1368:Walz v. Tax Comm'n of the City of New York
1291:Board of Trustees of Scarsdale v. McCreary
1261:
1248:
1231:
1217:
1209:
1193:– Emergency motion for stay pending appeal
336:branch of a Brazilian church that imbibes
31:
6768:Smith v. Arkansas State Highway Employees
5981:Landmark Communications, Inc. v. Virginia
5377:First National Bank of Boston v. Bellotti
5258:Thompson v. Western States Medical Center
5050:Consol. Edison Co. v. Public Serv. Comm'n
4304:National Endowment for the Arts v. Finley
4204:Ysursa v. Pocatello Education Association
4132:Communications Workers of America v. Beck
3141:United States v. 12 200-ft. Reels of Film
3109:United States v. Thirty-seven Photographs
2465:Espinoza v. Montana Department of Revenue
2388:Watchtower Society v. Village of Stratton
1683:Espinoza v. Montana Department of Revenue
1515:Committee for Public Education v. Nyquist
588:Arroyo Hondo, Santa Fe County, New Mexico
322:Religious Freedom Restoration Act of 1993
303:Religious Freedom Restoration Act of 1993
5826:Jones v. North Carolina Prisoners' Union
3005:United States v. One Book Called Ulysses
1985:Hein v. Freedom From Religion Foundation
1851:Good News Club v. Milford Central School
6560:New York Club Ass'n v. City of New York
6261:Turner Broadcasting System, Inc. v. FCC
5529:Nevada Commission on Ethics v. Carrigan
5449:Nixon v. Shrink Missouri Government PAC
5401:FEC v. National Right to Work Committee
5314:Expressions Hair Design v. Schneiderman
5154:City of Cincinnati v. Discovery Network
4188:Davenport v. Washington Education Ass'n
4007:Miami Herald Publishing Co. v. Tornillo
3245:United States v. American Library Ass'n
3205:United States v. X-Citement Video, Inc.
3157:Southeastern Promotions, Ltd. v. Conrad
1171:Supreme Court (slip opinion) (archived)
610:
6296:Harper & Row v. Nation Enterprises
5465:Republican Party of Minnesota v. White
5433:Austin v. Michigan Chamber of Commerce
5425:Eu v. S.F. Cty. Democratic Cent. Comm.
5417:FEC v. Massachusetts Citizens for Life
5170:United States v. Edge Broadcasting Co.
4925:Forsyth County v. Nationalist Movement
4525:Hazelwood School District v. Kuhlmeier
4473:Minersville School District v. Gobitis
4452:Communist Party of Indiana v. Whitcomb
4420:American Communications Ass'n v. Douds
4124:Chicago Local Teachers Union v. Hudson
3991:Minersville School District v. Gobitis
3301:Brown v. Entertainment Merchants Ass'n
3181:Vance v. Universal Amusement Co., Inc.
2180:Minersville School District v. Gobitis
1800:Elk Grove Unif. School Dist. v. Newdow
586:outside his home to a new building in
509:Solicitor General of the United States
451:, affirmed, over the dissent of Judge
6635:Timmons v. Twin Cities Area New Party
6552:Rotary Int'l v. Rotary Club of Duarte
5385:California Medical Association v. FEC
5034:Ohralik v. Ohio State Bar Association
4672:Rutan v. Republican Party of Illinois
3942:Cornelius v. NAACP Legal Defense Fund
3836:Madsen v. Women's Health Center, Inc.
3173:Young v. American Mini Theatres, Inc.
2324:Bob Jones University v. United States
1384:Bob Jones University v. United States
29:2006 United States Supreme Court case
7:
6643:California Democratic Party v. Jones
6085:Arkansas Writers' Project v. Ragland
5505:FEC v. Wisconsin Right to Life, Inc.
5489:Wisconsin Right to Life, Inc. v. FEC
5274:Johanns v. Livestock Marketing Ass'n
4581:Mahanoy Area School District v. B.L.
4509:Island Trees School District v. Pico
4180:Johanns v. Livestock Marketing Ass'n
3309:FCC v. Fox Television Stations, Inc.
1603:School Dist. of Grand Rapids v. Ball
770:"Church Gets High Tea for Christmas"
6592:Christian Legal Society v. Martinez
5957:New York Times Co. v. United States
5210:44 Liquormart, Inc. v. Rhode Island
5138:State University of New York v. Fox
5122:Shapero v. Kentucky Bar Association
4108:Abood v. Detroit Board of Education
4023:Pruneyard Shopping Center v. Robins
3966:Minnesota Voters Alliance v. Mansky
3436:Minnesota Voters Alliance v. Mansky
2546:Burwell v. Hobby Lobby Stores, Inc.
1736:Abington School District v. Schempp
1376:California v. Grace Brethren Church
997:Verma, Sonia (September 14, 2009).
6210:Obsidian Finance Group, LLC v. Cox
5242:United States v. United Foods Inc.
4893:Mine Workers v. Illinois Bar Assn.
4255:Steele v. Louisville & N.R. Co
4172:United States v. United Foods Inc.
3387:Holder v. Humanitarian Law Project
2494:NLRB v. Catholic Bishop of Chicago
2036:Estate of Thornton v. Caldor, Inc.
1926:Presbyterian Church v. Hull Church
1392:Estate of Thornton v. Caldor, Inc.
594:, and Assistant Attorney General
47:Supreme Court of the United States
25:
6843:United States Supreme Court cases
6744:United Mine Workers v. Pennington
5628:McIntyre v. Ohio Elections Comm'n
5130:Riley v. Nat'l Fed'n of the Blind
4917:Riley v. Nat'l Fed'n of the Blind
4877:Railroad Trainmen v. Virginia Bar
4784:United Public Workers v. Mitchell
4752:Kennedy v. Bremerton School Dist.
4312:Legal Services Corp. v. Velazquez
4140:Keller v. State Bar of California
3780:Org. for a Better Austin v. Keefe
3653:Renton v. Playtime Theatres, Inc.
3354:Ashcroft v. Free Speech Coalition
3165:Erznoznik v. City of Jacksonville
2840:Susan B. Anthony List v. Driehaus
2428:Kennedy v. Bremerton School Dist.
1918:Kreshik v. St. Nicholas Cathedral
1910:Kedroff v. St. Nicholas Cathedral
1867:Kennedy v. Bremerton School Dist.
1808:Kennedy v. Bremerton School Dist.
1792:Santa Fe Ind. School Dist. v. Doe
1400:Corp. of Presiding Bishop v. Amos
1130:418 (2006) is available from:
537:Religious Freedom Restoration Act
459:10th Circuit again affirmed in a
428:In filing suit, the UDV sought a
405:Religious Freedom Restoration Act
6544:Roberts v. United States Jaycees
6229:Red Lion Broadcasting Co. v. FCC
5409:FEC v. National Conservative PAC
5202:Florida Bar v. Went For It, Inc.
4541:Rosenberger v. Univ. of Virginia
4517:Bethel School District v. Fraser
3889:Rosenberger v. Univ. of Virginia
3764:Carroll v. Town of Princess Anne
2457:Trinity Lutheran Church v. Comer
1843:Rosenberger v. Univ. of Virginia
1675:Trinity Lutheran Church v. Comer
1055:Burnett, John (April 25, 2013).
359:, another Schedule I substance.
344:, which was affirmed on appeal.
40:
6202:Milkovich v. Lorain Journal Co.
5791:NAACP v. Claiborne Hardware Co.
5740:Lozman v. City of Riviera Beach
5250:Lorillard Tobacco Co. v. Reilly
4954:Rowan v. U.S. Post Office Dept.
4600:Pickering v. Board of Education
4428:Garner v. Board of Public Works
4148:Lehnert v. Ferris Faculty Ass'n
3317:Free Speech Coalition v. Paxton
3133:Paris Adult Theatre I v. Slaton
3045:MANual Enterprises, Inc. v. Day
2686:Masses Publishing Co. v. Patten
511:, appeared for the government.
387:-based UDV; ayahuasca contains
379:) tea which was shipped to the
326:Schedule I controlled substance
6863:2006 in United States case law
6816:Borough of Duryea v. Guarnieri
6130:Curtis Publishing Co. v. Butts
6122:New York Times Co. v. Sullivan
6053:Grosjean v. American Press Co.
6024:Cox Broadcasting Corp. v. Cohn
5973:Nebraska Press Ass'n v. Stuart
4978:Goldfarb v. Virginia State Bar
4853:Joseph Burstyn, Inc. v. Wilson
4728:Borough of Duryea v. Guarnieri
4092:Ry. Emps. Department v. Hanson
2883:Terminiello v. City of Chicago
2816:New York Times Co. v. Sullivan
2521:Statutory religious exemptions
2420:Fulton v. City of Philadelphia
1712:McCollum v. Board of Education
1408:Texas Monthly, Inc. v. Bullock
547:, which is implemented by the
1:
6619:Democratic Party v. Wisconsin
6584:Boy Scouts of America v. Dale
6536:Hishon v. King & Spalding
5561:Williams-Yulee v. Florida Bar
5066:Metromedia, Inc. v. San Diego
5018:Bates v. State Bar of Arizona
4861:Kingsley Books, Inc. v. Brown
4744:Heffernan v. City of Paterson
4444:Keyishian v. Board of Regents
4351:Pleasant Grove City v. Summum
3568:Metromedia, Inc. v. San Diego
3395:Williams-Yulee v. Florida Bar
2079:Larkin v. Grendel's Den, Inc.
1571:New York v. Cathedral Academy
1451:Everson v. Board of Education
1443:Cochran v. Board of Education
1323:Pleasant Grove City v. Summum
1240:United States First Amendment
571:their own version of the RFRA
316:, 546 U.S. 418 (2006), was a
18:Gonzales v. O Centro Espirita
6627:Tashjian v. Republican Party
6463:Bates v. City of Little Rock
6369:Protection from prosecution
5949:Lamont v. Postmaster General
5604:Bates v. City of Little Rock
3772:Coates v. City of Cincinnati
3669:Packingham v. North Carolina
3560:Lamont v. Postmaster General
2372:Employment Division v. Smith
678:282 F. Supp. 2d 1236
418:Employment Division v. Smith
355:are given exceptions to use
6704:United States v. Cruikshank
6350:United States v. Cruikshank
6245:FCC v. WNCN Listeners Guild
6186:Hustler Magazine v. Falwell
6146:Gertz v. Robert Welch, Inc.
4391:Shurtleff v. City of Boston
3820:Ward v. Rock Against Racism
3716:Martin v. City of Struthers
3531:City of Erie v. Pap's A. M.
3061:Quantity of Books v. Kansas
2875:Chaplinsky v. New Hampshire
2824:Hustler Magazine v. Falwell
2348:O'Lone v. Estate of Shabazz
1859:Shurtleff v. City of Boston
1203:10th Circuit opinion (2004)
1197:10th Circuit opinion (2003)
1191:10th Circuit opinion (2002)
318:United States Supreme Court
6914:
6888:Brazilian-American culture
6848:Drugs in the United States
6237:FCC v. Pacifica Foundation
5577:FEC v. Ted Cruz for Senate
5306:Sorrell v. IMS Health Inc.
5194:Rubin v. Coors Brewing Co.
4063:303 Creative LLC v. Elenis
3600:R.A.V. v. City of St. Paul
2923:R.A.V. v. City of St. Paul
2899:Gregory v. City of Chicago
1339:Town of Greece v. Galloway
1030:Religious Freedom in Focus
495:, joined in full by Judge
6878:Psychedelics and religion
6736:Edwards v. South Carolina
6698:
6685:
6426:
6413:
6335:
6322:
6093:Cohen v. Cowles Media Co.
5941:Hannegan v. Esquire, Inc.
5925:Lovell v. City of Griffin
5889:
5876:
3732:Edwards v. South Carolina
3285:United States v. Kilbride
3269:United States v. Williams
3069:Ginzburg v. United States
2649:
2629:
2156:Reynolds v. United States
2150:
2137:
1260:
1247:
549:Controlled Substances Act
393:Controlled Substances Act
349:Controlled Substances Act
293:
283:
204:
193:
56:Decided February 21, 2006
39:
6447:Watkins v. United States
6032:Florida Star v. B. J. F.
4970:Lehman v. Shaker Heights
4946:Valentine v. Chrestensen
4573:Uzuegbunam v. Preczewski
4247:Compelled representation
4212:Knox v. SEIU, Local 1000
3918:Lehman v. Shaker Heights
3897:Uzuegbunam v. Preczewski
3515:United States v. Eichman
3467:United States v. O'Brien
3293:United States v. Stevens
3077:Memoirs v. Massachusetts
3037:Marcus v. Search Warrant
2832:United States v. Alvarez
2763:clear and present danger
2694:Schenck v. United States
2204:United States v. Ballard
1902:United States v. Ballard
1819:Private religious speech
1659:Zelman v. Simmons-Harris
1416:City of Boerne v. Flores
1107:UDV USA official website
933:
912:
891:
6603:Primaries and elections
6154:Time, Inc. v. Firestone
6114:Beauharnais v. Illinois
5799:FTC v. Superior Ct. TLA
4837:Murdock v. Pennsylvania
4116:Ellis v. Railway Clerks
4071:Moody v. NetChoice, LLC
3661:City of Ladue v. Gilleo
3645:Schneider v. New Jersey
3608:Reed v. Town of Gilbert
3459:Stromberg v. California
3362:United States v. Hansen
2968:Elonis v. United States
2867:Cantwell v. Connecticut
2783:imminent lawless action
2742:Dennis v. United States
2710:Abrams v. United States
2679:Alien and Sedition Acts
2196:Murdock v. Pennsylvania
2172:Cantwell v. Connecticut
1878:Internal church affairs
564:Subsequent developments
54:Argued November 1, 2005
6893:Religion in New Mexico
6528:Membership restriction
6420:Freedom of association
6371:and state restrictions
6069:Houchins v. KQED, Inc.
5521:Citizens United v. FEC
4494:substantial disruption
3796:United States v. Grace
3692:Davis v. Massachusetts
3523:Barnes v. Glen Theatre
2997:Rosen v. United States
2976:Counterman v. Colorado
2952:Watts v. United States
2758:Yates v. United States
2308:Thomas v. Review Board
2236:Fowler v. Rhode Island
449:Stephanie Kulp Seymour
430:preliminary injunction
107:1815; 74 U.S.L.W. 4119
6280:Copyrighted materials
5909:Patterson v. Colorado
5818:Procunier v. Martinez
5671:Lloyd Corp. v. Tanner
4813:restriction of speech
4800:Broadrick v. Oklahoma
3013:Roth v. United States
2726:Whitney v. California
2702:Debs v. United States
2502:Hosanna-Tabor v. EEOC
2485:Ministerial exception
2439:Exclusion of religion
2340:Goldman v. Weinberger
1062:All Things Considered
862:(February 22, 2006).
700:342 F.3d 1170
644:(December 13, 2004).
469:Paul Joseph Kelly Jr.
445:John Carbone Porfilio
146:2002); affirmed, 342
99:126 S. Ct. 1211; 163
6898:Santa Fe, New Mexico
5883:Freedom of the press
5707:Official retaliation
5361:and political speech
4885:Freedman v. Maryland
4829:Cox v. New Hampshire
4712:Garcetti v. Ceballos
4100:Machinists v. Street
3724:Niemotko v. Maryland
3708:Thornhill v. Alabama
3584:Butterworth v. Smith
3483:Spence v. Washington
3125:Miller v. California
3093:Ginsberg v. New York
2441:from public benefits
2316:United States v. Lee
2220:Niemotko v. Maryland
2144:Free Exercise Clause
1768:Edwards v. Aguillard
1744:Epperson v. Arkansas
1491:Lemon v. Kurtzman II
1483:Tilton v. Richardson
1254:Establishment Clause
1098:, February 21, 2006)
804:(November 2, 2005).
722:389 F.3d 973
515:Opinion of the Court
493:Michael W. McConnell
381:Santa Fe, New Mexico
295:U.S. Const. amend. I
6692:Freedom to petition
6358:Presser v. Illinois
6329:Freedom of assembly
6269:Bartnicki v. Vopper
5850:Overton v. Bazzetta
5764:Gonzalez v. Trevino
5266:Nike, Inc. v. Kasky
4986:Bigelow v. Virginia
4680:Waters v. Churchill
4664:Rankin v. McPherson
4608:Perry v. Sindermann
3860:McCullen v. Coakley
3756:Adderley v. Florida
3475:Cohen v. California
3330:to criminal conduct
3253:Ashcroft v. ACLU II
3029:Smith v. California
3021:One, Inc. v. Olesen
2907:Cohen v. California
2778:Brandenburg v. Ohio
2012:McGowan v. Maryland
1424:Cutter v. Wilkinson
1358:Statutory religious
911:Matthew Nicholson,
782:. December 11, 2004
535:as required by the
529:compelling interest
481:Robert Harlan Henry
477:Deanell Reece Tacha
473:Terrence L. O'Brien
461:per curiam decision
439:In September 2003,
434:James Aubrey Parker
251:Ruth Bader Ginsburg
6651:Clingman v. Beaver
6568:Dallas v. Stanglin
6498:Baggett v. Bullitt
6379:De Jonge v. Oregon
6304:Eldred v. Ashcroft
6061:Branzburg v. Hayes
6016:Time, Inc. v. Hill
5748:Nieves v. Bartlett
5724:Reichle v. Howards
5695:Murthy v. Missouri
5569:Thompson v. Hebdon
5497:Randall v. Sorrell
5042:Friedman v. Rogers
4565:Morse v. Frederick
4436:Speiser v. Randall
3748:Brown v. Louisiana
3499:Dallas v. Stanglin
3338:New York v. Ferber
3237:Ashcroft v. ACLU I
3149:Jenkins v. Georgia
3101:Stanley v. Georgia
3085:Redrup v. New York
3053:Jacobellis v. Ohio
2891:Feiner v. New York
2718:Gitlow v. New York
2607:Ramirez v. Collier
2284:Wisconsin v. Yoder
2268:Sherbert v. Verner
2260:Torcaso v. Watkins
2244:Braunfeld v. Brown
2055:Torcaso v. Watkins
2028:Braunfeld v. Brown
1760:Wallace v. Jaffree
1643:Agostini v. Felton
1531:Wheeler v. Barrera
1307:Van Orden v. Perry
1004:The Globe and Mail
869:The New York Times
811:The New York Times
748:The New York Times
741:(April 19, 2005).
447:, joined by Judge
389:dimethyltryptamine
215:Associate Justices
172:granted, sub nom.
168:(10th Cir. 2004);
6830:
6829:
6826:
6825:
6776:McDonald v. Smith
6712:Thomas v. Collins
6681:
6680:
6677:
6676:
6611:Cousins v. Wigoda
6409:
6408:
6405:
6404:
6387:Thomas v. Collins
6318:
6317:
6314:
6313:
6178:McDonald v. Smith
5965:Pell v. Procunier
5917:Near v. Minnesota
5872:
5871:
5868:
5867:
5553:McCutcheon v. FEC
5330:Iancu v. Brunetti
5162:Edenfield v. Fane
4937:Commercial speech
4616:Arnett v. Kennedy
4375:Iancu v. Brunetti
4278:Government grants
4273:
4272:
4084:of others' speech
4082:Compelled subsidy
4015:Wooley v. Maynard
3976:
3975:
3881:Widmar v. Vincent
3828:Burson v. Freeman
3812:Frisby v. Schultz
3539:Virginia v. Black
3372:
3371:
3261:Nitke v. Gonzales
3197:People v. Freeman
3117:Kois v. Wisconsin
2960:Virginia v. Black
2636:Freedom of speech
2625:
2624:
2621:
2620:
2617:
2616:
2591:Sossamon v. Texas
2133:
2132:
2129:
2128:
2095:Bowen v. Kendrick
2087:Larson v. Valente
1961:Taxpayer standing
1720:Zorach v. Clauson
1651:Mitchell v. Helms
1611:Aguilar v. Felton
1547:Meek v. Pittenger
1475:Lemon v. Kurtzman
1283:Lynch v. Donnelly
1275:Marsh v. Chambers
860:Greenhouse, Linda
802:Greenhouse, Linda
775:Los Angeles Times
739:Greenhouse, Linda
497:Timothy Tymkovich
485:Mary Beck Briscoe
453:Michael R. Murphy
367:On May 21, 1999,
309:
308:
16:(Redirected from
6905:
6868:2006 in religion
6752:Cox v. Louisiana
6687:
6455:NAACP v. Alabama
6428:
6415:
6337:
6324:
5895:Prior restraints
5891:
5878:
5834:Turner v. Safley
5716:Hartman v. Moore
5663:Marsh v. Alabama
5612:Buckley v. Valeo
5596:NAACP v. Alabama
5588:Anonymous speech
5481:McConnell v. FEC
5369:Buckley v. Valeo
5358:Campaign finance
4845:Kunz v. New York
4656:Connick v. Myers
4592:Public employees
4296:Rust v. Sullivan
4244:
3982:Compelled speech
3852:Hill v. Colorado
3740:Cox v. Louisiana
3677:
3507:Texas v. Johnson
2931:Snyder v. Phelps
2662:
2651:
2644:
2631:
2570:Tanzin v. Tanvir
2554:Zubik v. Burwell
2525:
2436:
2412:Tandon v. Newsom
2292:McDaniel v. Paty
2228:Kunz v. New York
2188:Jamison v. Texas
2139:
2063:McDaniel v. Paty
1595:Mueller v. Allen
1563:Wolman v. Walter
1331:Salazar v. Buono
1262:
1249:
1233:
1226:
1219:
1210:
1175:
1169:
1166:
1160:
1157:
1151:
1148:
1142:
1139:
1133:
1078:
1077:
1075:
1073:
1052:
1046:
1045:
1043:
1041:
1022:
1016:
1015:
1013:
1011:
994:
988:
977:
971:
960:
954:
946:
940:
939:
937:
929:
923:
922:
921:1281 (2009).
916:
908:
902:
901:
895:
887:
881:
880:
878:
876:
856:
850:
849:
847:
845:
829:
823:
822:
820:
818:
798:
792:
791:
789:
787:
780:Associated Press
766:
760:
759:
757:
755:
735:
729:
719:
713:
707:
697:
691:
685:
675:
669:
663:
662:
660:
658:
638:
632:
615:
489:Carlos F. Lucero
401:Jeffrey Bronfman
353:Native Americans
330:União do Vegetal
200:Court membership
157:2003); affirmed
44:
43:
32:
21:
6913:
6912:
6908:
6907:
6906:
6904:
6903:
6902:
6833:
6832:
6831:
6822:
6728:NAACP v. Button
6694:
6673:
6598:
6523:
6504:
6485:
6471:NAACP v. Button
6422:
6401:
6370:
6364:
6331:
6310:
6275:
6221:Broadcast media
6216:
6213:(9th Cir. 2014)
6099:
6044:
6038:
6003:
5997:Tory v. Cochran
5933:Tucker v. Texas
5897:
5885:
5864:
5805:
5778:
5756:Egbert v. Boule
5701:
5687:Lindke v. Freed
5650:
5583:
5473:FEC v. Beaumont
5360:
5352:
5346:Vidal v. Elster
4931:
4869:NAACP v. Button
4812:
4806:
4776:Ex parte Curtis
4767:
4758:
4587:
4458:
4405:
4399:Vidal v. Elster
4341:
4334:
4279:
4269:
4242:
4236:Janus v. AFSCME
4220:Harris v. Quinn
4196:Locke v. Karass
4083:
4077:
3972:
3926:Brown v. Glines
3909:
3903:
3872:
3866:
3681:
3675:
3636:
3635:Content-neutral
3630:
3551:
3545:
3450:
3448:Symbolic speech
3442:
3420:Smith v. Goguen
3409:
3401:
3378:Strict scrutiny
3368:
3346:Osborne v. Ohio
3329:
3328:Speech integral
3323:
3288:(9th Cir. 2009)
3280:(6th Cir. 2009)
3264:(S.D.N.Y. 2005)
3192:(7th Cir. 1985)
3008:(S.D.N.Y. 1933)
2982:
2937:
2855:
2846:
2805:
2796:
2790:Hess v. Indiana
2734:Fiske v. Kansas
2689:(S.D.N.Y. 1917)
2668:
2656:
2645:
2638:
2613:
2576:
2516:
2479:
2473:Carson v. Makin
2440:
2434:
2212:Tucker v. Texas
2164:Davis v. Beason
2146:
2125:
2119:Trump v. Hawaii
2071:Harris v. McRae
2042:
1999:
1956:
1886:Watson v. Jones
1873:
1814:
1752:Stone v. Graham
1728:Engel v. Vitale
1703:
1697:
1691:Carson v. Makin
1430:
1359:
1353:
1266:
1265:Public displays
1256:
1243:
1237:
1187:(November 2002)
1181:(February 2002)
1173:
1167:
1164:
1158:
1155:
1149:
1146:
1140:
1137:
1131:
1115:
1113:Court documents
1086:
1081:
1071:
1069:
1054:
1053:
1049:
1039:
1037:
1032:. No. 52.
1024:
1023:
1019:
1009:
1007:
996:
995:
991:
978:
974:
961:
957:
947:
943:
931:
930:
926:
910:
909:
905:
900:341 (2006).
889:
888:
884:
874:
872:
858:
857:
853:
843:
841:
831:
830:
826:
816:
814:
800:
799:
795:
785:
783:
768:
767:
763:
753:
751:
737:
736:
732:
715:
714:
710:
693:
692:
688:
671:
670:
666:
656:
654:
642:Toobin, Jeffrey
640:
639:
635:
616:
612:
608:
566:
533:strict scrutiny
517:
365:
253:
243:Clarence Thomas
241:
231:Anthony Kennedy
229:
219:John P. Stevens
108:
55:
49:
30:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
6911:
6909:
6901:
6900:
6895:
6890:
6885:
6880:
6875:
6870:
6865:
6860:
6855:
6850:
6845:
6835:
6834:
6828:
6827:
6824:
6823:
6821:
6820:
6812:
6804:
6796:
6788:
6784:Meyer v. Grant
6780:
6772:
6764:
6756:
6748:
6740:
6732:
6724:
6716:
6708:
6699:
6696:
6695:
6690:
6683:
6682:
6679:
6678:
6675:
6674:
6672:
6671:
6663:
6655:
6647:
6639:
6631:
6623:
6615:
6606:
6604:
6600:
6599:
6597:
6596:
6588:
6580:
6572:
6564:
6556:
6548:
6540:
6531:
6529:
6525:
6524:
6522:
6521:
6512:
6510:
6506:
6505:
6503:
6502:
6493:
6491:
6490:Future Conduct
6487:
6486:
6484:
6483:
6475:
6467:
6459:
6451:
6443:
6434:
6432:
6424:
6423:
6418:
6411:
6410:
6407:
6406:
6403:
6402:
6400:
6399:
6391:
6383:
6374:
6372:
6366:
6365:
6363:
6362:
6354:
6345:
6343:
6333:
6332:
6327:
6320:
6319:
6316:
6315:
6312:
6311:
6309:
6308:
6300:
6292:
6283:
6281:
6277:
6276:
6274:
6273:
6265:
6257:
6249:
6241:
6233:
6224:
6222:
6218:
6217:
6215:
6214:
6206:
6198:
6190:
6182:
6174:
6166:
6158:
6150:
6142:
6134:
6126:
6118:
6109:
6107:
6101:
6100:
6098:
6097:
6089:
6081:
6073:
6065:
6057:
6048:
6046:
6040:
6039:
6037:
6036:
6028:
6020:
6011:
6009:
6005:
6004:
6002:
6001:
5993:
5985:
5977:
5969:
5961:
5953:
5945:
5937:
5929:
5921:
5913:
5904:
5902:
5887:
5886:
5881:
5874:
5873:
5870:
5869:
5866:
5865:
5863:
5862:
5858:Beard v. Banks
5854:
5846:
5842:Shaw v. Murphy
5838:
5830:
5822:
5813:
5811:
5807:
5806:
5804:
5803:
5795:
5786:
5784:
5780:
5779:
5777:
5776:
5768:
5760:
5752:
5744:
5736:
5728:
5720:
5711:
5709:
5703:
5702:
5700:
5699:
5691:
5683:
5675:
5667:
5658:
5656:
5652:
5651:
5649:
5648:
5640:
5632:
5624:
5616:
5608:
5600:
5591:
5589:
5585:
5584:
5582:
5581:
5573:
5565:
5557:
5549:
5541:
5533:
5525:
5517:
5509:
5501:
5493:
5485:
5477:
5469:
5461:
5453:
5445:
5437:
5429:
5421:
5413:
5405:
5397:
5389:
5381:
5373:
5364:
5362:
5354:
5353:
5351:
5350:
5342:
5334:
5326:
5318:
5310:
5302:
5294:
5286:
5278:
5270:
5262:
5254:
5246:
5238:
5230:
5222:
5214:
5206:
5198:
5190:
5182:
5174:
5166:
5158:
5150:
5142:
5134:
5126:
5118:
5110:
5102:
5094:
5086:
5078:
5070:
5062:
5054:
5046:
5038:
5030:
5022:
5014:
5006:
4998:
4990:
4982:
4974:
4966:
4958:
4950:
4941:
4939:
4933:
4932:
4930:
4929:
4921:
4913:
4905:
4897:
4889:
4881:
4873:
4865:
4857:
4849:
4841:
4833:
4825:
4816:
4814:
4808:
4807:
4805:
4804:
4796:
4788:
4780:
4771:
4769:
4760:
4759:
4757:
4756:
4748:
4740:
4736:Lane v. Franks
4732:
4724:
4716:
4708:
4700:
4692:
4684:
4676:
4668:
4660:
4652:
4644:
4636:
4628:
4624:Elrod v. Burns
4620:
4612:
4604:
4595:
4593:
4589:
4588:
4586:
4585:
4577:
4569:
4561:
4553:
4545:
4537:
4529:
4521:
4513:
4505:
4501:Healy v. James
4497:
4485:
4477:
4468:
4466:
4460:
4459:
4457:
4456:
4448:
4440:
4432:
4424:
4415:
4413:
4407:
4406:
4404:
4403:
4395:
4387:
4379:
4371:
4363:
4355:
4346:
4344:
4336:
4335:
4333:
4332:
4324:
4316:
4308:
4300:
4292:
4283:
4281:
4275:
4274:
4271:
4270:
4268:
4267:
4259:
4250:
4248:
4241:
4240:
4232:
4224:
4216:
4208:
4200:
4192:
4184:
4176:
4168:
4160:
4152:
4144:
4136:
4128:
4120:
4112:
4104:
4096:
4087:
4085:
4079:
4078:
4076:
4075:
4067:
4059:
4051:
4043:
4035:
4027:
4019:
4011:
4003:
3995:
3986:
3984:
3978:
3977:
3974:
3973:
3971:
3970:
3962:
3954:
3946:
3938:
3930:
3922:
3913:
3911:
3905:
3904:
3902:
3901:
3893:
3885:
3876:
3874:
3868:
3867:
3865:
3864:
3856:
3848:
3840:
3832:
3824:
3816:
3808:
3800:
3792:
3784:
3776:
3768:
3760:
3752:
3744:
3736:
3728:
3720:
3712:
3704:
3696:
3687:
3685:
3674:
3673:
3665:
3657:
3649:
3640:
3638:
3632:
3631:
3629:
3628:
3620:
3612:
3604:
3596:
3588:
3580:
3572:
3564:
3555:
3553:
3547:
3546:
3544:
3543:
3535:
3527:
3519:
3511:
3503:
3495:
3487:
3479:
3471:
3463:
3454:
3452:
3451:versus conduct
3444:
3443:
3441:
3440:
3432:
3424:
3415:
3413:
3403:
3402:
3400:
3399:
3391:
3382:
3380:
3374:
3373:
3370:
3369:
3367:
3366:
3358:
3350:
3342:
3333:
3331:
3325:
3324:
3322:
3321:
3313:
3305:
3297:
3289:
3281:
3273:
3265:
3257:
3249:
3241:
3233:
3225:
3217:
3209:
3201:
3193:
3185:
3177:
3169:
3161:
3153:
3145:
3137:
3129:
3121:
3113:
3105:
3097:
3089:
3081:
3073:
3065:
3057:
3049:
3041:
3033:
3025:
3017:
3009:
3001:
2992:
2990:
2984:
2983:
2981:
2980:
2972:
2964:
2956:
2947:
2945:
2939:
2938:
2936:
2935:
2927:
2919:
2911:
2903:
2895:
2887:
2879:
2871:
2862:
2860:
2858:heckler's veto
2852:Fighting words
2848:
2847:
2845:
2844:
2836:
2828:
2820:
2811:
2809:
2798:
2797:
2795:
2794:
2786:
2774:
2766:
2754:
2746:
2738:
2730:
2722:
2714:
2706:
2698:
2690:
2682:
2675:
2673:
2659:
2647:
2646:
2634:
2627:
2626:
2623:
2622:
2619:
2618:
2615:
2614:
2612:
2611:
2603:
2595:
2586:
2584:
2578:
2577:
2575:
2574:
2566:
2558:
2550:
2542:
2533:
2531:
2522:
2518:
2517:
2515:
2514:
2506:
2498:
2489:
2487:
2481:
2480:
2478:
2477:
2469:
2461:
2453:
2449:Locke v. Davey
2444:
2442:
2433:
2432:
2424:
2416:
2408:
2400:
2392:
2384:
2376:
2368:
2360:
2352:
2344:
2336:
2328:
2320:
2312:
2304:
2296:
2288:
2280:
2272:
2264:
2256:
2248:
2240:
2232:
2224:
2216:
2208:
2200:
2192:
2184:
2176:
2168:
2160:
2151:
2148:
2147:
2142:
2135:
2134:
2131:
2130:
2127:
2126:
2124:
2123:
2115:
2107:
2099:
2091:
2083:
2075:
2067:
2059:
2050:
2048:
2044:
2043:
2041:
2040:
2032:
2024:
2016:
2007:
2005:
2001:
2000:
1998:
1997:
1989:
1981:
1973:
1969:Flast v. Cohen
1964:
1962:
1958:
1957:
1955:
1954:
1946:
1938:
1930:
1922:
1914:
1906:
1898:
1890:
1881:
1879:
1875:
1874:
1872:
1871:
1863:
1855:
1847:
1839:
1831:
1822:
1820:
1816:
1815:
1813:
1812:
1804:
1796:
1788:
1784:Lee v. Weisman
1780:
1772:
1764:
1756:
1748:
1740:
1732:
1724:
1716:
1707:
1705:
1704:public schools
1699:
1698:
1696:
1695:
1687:
1679:
1671:
1663:
1655:
1647:
1639:
1631:
1623:
1615:
1607:
1599:
1591:
1583:
1575:
1567:
1559:
1551:
1543:
1535:
1527:
1523:Sloan v. Lemon
1519:
1511:
1507:Hunt v. McNair
1503:
1495:
1487:
1479:
1471:
1463:
1459:Flast v. Cohen
1455:
1447:
1438:
1436:
1435:Public funding
1432:
1431:
1429:
1428:
1420:
1412:
1404:
1396:
1388:
1380:
1372:
1363:
1361:
1355:
1354:
1352:
1351:
1343:
1335:
1327:
1319:
1311:
1303:
1295:
1287:
1279:
1270:
1268:
1267:and ceremonies
1258:
1257:
1252:
1245:
1244:
1238:
1236:
1235:
1228:
1221:
1213:
1207:
1206:
1200:
1194:
1188:
1182:
1176:
1153:Google Scholar
1114:
1111:
1110:
1109:
1104:
1099:
1085:
1084:External links
1082:
1080:
1079:
1047:
1017:
989:
972:
955:
941:
924:
903:
882:
851:
824:
793:
761:
730:
708:
686:
664:
651:The New Yorker
633:
609:
607:
604:
565:
562:
553:United Nations
516:
513:
505:Edwin Kneedler
409:42 U.S.C.
383:branch of the
364:
361:
307:
306:
291:
290:
286:
285:
281:
280:
277:
273:
272:
268:
267:
266:
265:
255:Stephen Breyer
227:Antonin Scalia
216:
213:
208:
202:
201:
197:
196:
191:
190:
186:
185:
184:973 (2005)
129:
125:
124:
120:
119:
114:
110:
109:
98:
82:
78:
77:
72:
68:
67:
62:
61:Full case name
58:
57:
51:
50:
45:
37:
36:
28:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6910:
6899:
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6891:
6889:
6886:
6884:
6881:
6879:
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6856:
6854:
6851:
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6809:
6805:
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6797:
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6786:
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6757:
6754:
6753:
6749:
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6709:
6706:
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6697:
6693:
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6684:
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6660:
6656:
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6652:
6648:
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6644:
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6608:
6607:
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6594:
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6507:
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6457:
6456:
6452:
6449:
6448:
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6441:
6440:
6436:
6435:
6433:
6431:Organizations
6429:
6425:
6421:
6416:
6412:
6397:
6396:
6392:
6389:
6388:
6384:
6381:
6380:
6376:
6375:
6373:
6367:
6360:
6359:
6355:
6352:
6351:
6347:
6346:
6344:
6342:
6341:Incorporation
6338:
6334:
6330:
6325:
6321:
6306:
6305:
6301:
6298:
6297:
6293:
6290:
6289:
6285:
6284:
6282:
6278:
6271:
6270:
6266:
6263:
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6258:
6255:
6254:
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6247:
6246:
6242:
6239:
6238:
6234:
6231:
6230:
6226:
6225:
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6219:
6212:
6211:
6207:
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6199:
6196:
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6148:
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6143:
6140:
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6135:
6132:
6131:
6127:
6124:
6123:
6119:
6116:
6115:
6111:
6110:
6108:
6106:
6102:
6095:
6094:
6090:
6087:
6086:
6082:
6079:
6078:
6074:
6071:
6070:
6066:
6063:
6062:
6058:
6055:
6054:
6050:
6049:
6047:
6041:
6034:
6033:
6029:
6026:
6025:
6021:
6018:
6017:
6013:
6012:
6010:
6006:
5999:
5998:
5994:
5991:
5990:
5986:
5983:
5982:
5978:
5975:
5974:
5970:
5967:
5966:
5962:
5959:
5958:
5954:
5951:
5950:
5946:
5943:
5942:
5938:
5935:
5934:
5930:
5927:
5926:
5922:
5919:
5918:
5914:
5911:
5910:
5906:
5905:
5903:
5901:
5896:
5892:
5888:
5884:
5879:
5875:
5860:
5859:
5855:
5852:
5851:
5847:
5844:
5843:
5839:
5836:
5835:
5831:
5828:
5827:
5823:
5820:
5819:
5815:
5814:
5812:
5808:
5801:
5800:
5796:
5793:
5792:
5788:
5787:
5785:
5781:
5774:
5773:
5769:
5766:
5765:
5761:
5758:
5757:
5753:
5750:
5749:
5745:
5742:
5741:
5737:
5734:
5733:
5729:
5726:
5725:
5721:
5718:
5717:
5713:
5712:
5710:
5708:
5704:
5697:
5696:
5692:
5689:
5688:
5684:
5681:
5680:
5676:
5673:
5672:
5668:
5665:
5664:
5660:
5659:
5657:
5653:
5646:
5645:
5641:
5638:
5637:
5633:
5630:
5629:
5625:
5622:
5621:
5617:
5614:
5613:
5609:
5606:
5605:
5601:
5598:
5597:
5593:
5592:
5590:
5586:
5579:
5578:
5574:
5571:
5570:
5566:
5563:
5562:
5558:
5555:
5554:
5550:
5547:
5546:
5542:
5539:
5538:
5534:
5531:
5530:
5526:
5523:
5522:
5518:
5515:
5514:
5510:
5507:
5506:
5502:
5499:
5498:
5494:
5491:
5490:
5486:
5483:
5482:
5478:
5475:
5474:
5470:
5467:
5466:
5462:
5459:
5458:
5454:
5451:
5450:
5446:
5443:
5442:
5438:
5435:
5434:
5430:
5427:
5426:
5422:
5419:
5418:
5414:
5411:
5410:
5406:
5403:
5402:
5398:
5395:
5394:
5390:
5387:
5386:
5382:
5379:
5378:
5374:
5371:
5370:
5366:
5365:
5363:
5359:
5355:
5348:
5347:
5343:
5340:
5339:
5335:
5332:
5331:
5327:
5324:
5323:
5319:
5316:
5315:
5311:
5308:
5307:
5303:
5300:
5299:
5295:
5292:
5291:
5287:
5284:
5283:
5279:
5276:
5275:
5271:
5268:
5267:
5263:
5260:
5259:
5255:
5252:
5251:
5247:
5244:
5243:
5239:
5236:
5235:
5231:
5228:
5227:
5223:
5220:
5219:
5215:
5212:
5211:
5207:
5204:
5203:
5199:
5196:
5195:
5191:
5188:
5187:
5183:
5180:
5179:
5175:
5172:
5171:
5167:
5164:
5163:
5159:
5156:
5155:
5151:
5148:
5147:
5143:
5140:
5139:
5135:
5132:
5131:
5127:
5124:
5123:
5119:
5116:
5115:
5111:
5108:
5107:
5103:
5100:
5099:
5095:
5092:
5091:
5087:
5084:
5083:
5079:
5076:
5075:
5071:
5068:
5067:
5063:
5060:
5059:
5055:
5052:
5051:
5047:
5044:
5043:
5039:
5036:
5035:
5031:
5028:
5027:
5023:
5020:
5019:
5015:
5012:
5011:
5007:
5004:
5003:
4999:
4996:
4995:
4991:
4988:
4987:
4983:
4980:
4979:
4975:
4972:
4971:
4967:
4964:
4963:
4959:
4956:
4955:
4951:
4948:
4947:
4943:
4942:
4940:
4938:
4934:
4927:
4926:
4922:
4919:
4918:
4914:
4911:
4910:
4906:
4903:
4902:
4898:
4895:
4894:
4890:
4887:
4886:
4882:
4879:
4878:
4874:
4871:
4870:
4866:
4863:
4862:
4858:
4855:
4854:
4850:
4847:
4846:
4842:
4839:
4838:
4834:
4831:
4830:
4826:
4823:
4822:
4818:
4817:
4815:
4811:Licensing and
4809:
4802:
4801:
4797:
4794:
4793:
4789:
4786:
4785:
4781:
4778:
4777:
4773:
4772:
4770:
4765:
4761:
4754:
4753:
4749:
4746:
4745:
4741:
4738:
4737:
4733:
4730:
4729:
4725:
4722:
4721:
4717:
4714:
4713:
4709:
4706:
4705:
4701:
4698:
4697:
4693:
4690:
4689:
4685:
4682:
4681:
4677:
4674:
4673:
4669:
4666:
4665:
4661:
4658:
4657:
4653:
4650:
4649:
4645:
4642:
4641:
4637:
4634:
4633:
4629:
4626:
4625:
4621:
4618:
4617:
4613:
4610:
4609:
4605:
4602:
4601:
4597:
4596:
4594:
4590:
4583:
4582:
4578:
4575:
4574:
4570:
4567:
4566:
4562:
4559:
4558:
4554:
4551:
4550:
4546:
4543:
4542:
4538:
4535:
4534:
4530:
4527:
4526:
4522:
4519:
4518:
4514:
4511:
4510:
4506:
4503:
4502:
4498:
4495:
4491:
4490:
4486:
4483:
4482:
4478:
4475:
4474:
4470:
4469:
4467:
4465:
4464:School speech
4461:
4454:
4453:
4449:
4446:
4445:
4441:
4438:
4437:
4433:
4430:
4429:
4425:
4422:
4421:
4417:
4416:
4414:
4412:
4411:Loyalty oaths
4408:
4401:
4400:
4396:
4393:
4392:
4388:
4385:
4384:
4380:
4377:
4376:
4372:
4369:
4368:
4364:
4361:
4360:
4356:
4353:
4352:
4348:
4347:
4345:
4343:
4337:
4330:
4329:
4325:
4322:
4321:
4317:
4314:
4313:
4309:
4306:
4305:
4301:
4298:
4297:
4293:
4290:
4289:
4285:
4284:
4282:
4280:and subsidies
4276:
4265:
4264:
4260:
4257:
4256:
4252:
4251:
4249:
4245:
4238:
4237:
4233:
4230:
4229:
4225:
4222:
4221:
4217:
4214:
4213:
4209:
4206:
4205:
4201:
4198:
4197:
4193:
4190:
4189:
4185:
4182:
4181:
4177:
4174:
4173:
4169:
4166:
4165:
4161:
4158:
4157:
4153:
4150:
4149:
4145:
4142:
4141:
4137:
4134:
4133:
4129:
4126:
4125:
4121:
4118:
4117:
4113:
4110:
4109:
4105:
4102:
4101:
4097:
4094:
4093:
4089:
4088:
4086:
4080:
4073:
4072:
4068:
4065:
4064:
4060:
4057:
4056:
4052:
4049:
4048:
4044:
4041:
4040:
4036:
4033:
4032:
4028:
4025:
4024:
4020:
4017:
4016:
4012:
4009:
4008:
4004:
4001:
4000:
3996:
3993:
3992:
3988:
3987:
3985:
3983:
3979:
3968:
3967:
3963:
3960:
3959:
3955:
3952:
3951:
3947:
3944:
3943:
3939:
3936:
3935:
3931:
3928:
3927:
3923:
3920:
3919:
3915:
3914:
3912:
3906:
3899:
3898:
3894:
3891:
3890:
3886:
3883:
3882:
3878:
3877:
3875:
3869:
3862:
3861:
3857:
3854:
3853:
3849:
3846:
3845:
3841:
3838:
3837:
3833:
3830:
3829:
3825:
3822:
3821:
3817:
3814:
3813:
3809:
3806:
3805:
3801:
3798:
3797:
3793:
3790:
3789:
3785:
3782:
3781:
3777:
3774:
3773:
3769:
3766:
3765:
3761:
3758:
3757:
3753:
3750:
3749:
3745:
3742:
3741:
3737:
3734:
3733:
3729:
3726:
3725:
3721:
3718:
3717:
3713:
3710:
3709:
3705:
3702:
3701:
3697:
3694:
3693:
3689:
3688:
3686:
3684:
3678:
3671:
3670:
3666:
3663:
3662:
3658:
3655:
3654:
3650:
3647:
3646:
3642:
3641:
3639:
3633:
3626:
3625:
3621:
3618:
3617:
3613:
3610:
3609:
3605:
3602:
3601:
3597:
3594:
3593:
3589:
3586:
3585:
3581:
3578:
3577:
3576:Boos v. Barry
3573:
3570:
3569:
3565:
3562:
3561:
3557:
3556:
3554:
3550:Content-based
3548:
3541:
3540:
3536:
3533:
3532:
3528:
3525:
3524:
3520:
3517:
3516:
3512:
3509:
3508:
3504:
3501:
3500:
3496:
3493:
3492:
3488:
3485:
3484:
3480:
3477:
3476:
3472:
3469:
3468:
3464:
3461:
3460:
3456:
3455:
3453:
3449:
3445:
3438:
3437:
3433:
3430:
3429:
3425:
3422:
3421:
3417:
3416:
3414:
3412:
3408:
3404:
3397:
3396:
3392:
3389:
3388:
3384:
3383:
3381:
3379:
3375:
3364:
3363:
3359:
3356:
3355:
3351:
3348:
3347:
3343:
3340:
3339:
3335:
3334:
3332:
3326:
3319:
3318:
3314:
3311:
3310:
3306:
3303:
3302:
3298:
3295:
3294:
3290:
3287:
3286:
3282:
3279:
3278:
3274:
3271:
3270:
3266:
3263:
3262:
3258:
3255:
3254:
3250:
3247:
3246:
3242:
3239:
3238:
3234:
3231:
3230:
3226:
3223:
3222:
3218:
3215:
3214:
3210:
3207:
3206:
3202:
3199:
3198:
3194:
3191:
3190:
3186:
3183:
3182:
3178:
3175:
3174:
3170:
3167:
3166:
3162:
3159:
3158:
3154:
3151:
3150:
3146:
3143:
3142:
3138:
3135:
3134:
3130:
3127:
3126:
3122:
3119:
3118:
3114:
3111:
3110:
3106:
3103:
3102:
3098:
3095:
3094:
3090:
3087:
3086:
3082:
3079:
3078:
3074:
3071:
3070:
3066:
3063:
3062:
3058:
3055:
3054:
3050:
3047:
3046:
3042:
3039:
3038:
3034:
3031:
3030:
3026:
3023:
3022:
3018:
3015:
3014:
3010:
3007:
3006:
3002:
2999:
2998:
2994:
2993:
2991:
2989:
2985:
2978:
2977:
2973:
2970:
2969:
2965:
2962:
2961:
2957:
2954:
2953:
2949:
2948:
2946:
2944:
2940:
2933:
2932:
2928:
2925:
2924:
2920:
2917:
2916:
2912:
2909:
2908:
2904:
2901:
2900:
2896:
2893:
2892:
2888:
2885:
2884:
2880:
2877:
2876:
2872:
2869:
2868:
2864:
2863:
2861:
2859:
2853:
2849:
2842:
2841:
2837:
2834:
2833:
2829:
2826:
2825:
2821:
2818:
2817:
2813:
2812:
2810:
2808:
2803:
2799:
2792:
2791:
2787:
2784:
2780:
2779:
2775:
2772:
2771:
2770:Bond v. Floyd
2767:
2764:
2760:
2759:
2755:
2752:
2751:
2747:
2744:
2743:
2739:
2736:
2735:
2731:
2728:
2727:
2723:
2720:
2719:
2715:
2712:
2711:
2707:
2704:
2703:
2699:
2696:
2695:
2691:
2688:
2687:
2683:
2680:
2677:
2676:
2674:
2672:
2667:
2663:
2660:
2658:
2652:
2648:
2642:
2637:
2632:
2628:
2609:
2608:
2604:
2601:
2600:
2599:Holt v. Hobbs
2596:
2593:
2592:
2588:
2587:
2585:
2583:
2579:
2572:
2571:
2567:
2564:
2563:
2559:
2556:
2555:
2551:
2548:
2547:
2543:
2540:
2539:
2535:
2534:
2532:
2530:
2526:
2523:
2519:
2512:
2511:
2507:
2504:
2503:
2499:
2496:
2495:
2491:
2490:
2488:
2486:
2482:
2475:
2474:
2470:
2467:
2466:
2462:
2459:
2458:
2454:
2451:
2450:
2446:
2445:
2443:
2437:
2430:
2429:
2425:
2422:
2421:
2417:
2414:
2413:
2409:
2406:
2405:
2401:
2398:
2397:
2393:
2390:
2389:
2385:
2382:
2381:
2377:
2374:
2373:
2369:
2366:
2365:
2361:
2358:
2357:
2353:
2350:
2349:
2345:
2342:
2341:
2337:
2334:
2333:
2329:
2326:
2325:
2321:
2318:
2317:
2313:
2310:
2309:
2305:
2302:
2301:
2297:
2294:
2293:
2289:
2286:
2285:
2281:
2278:
2277:
2273:
2270:
2269:
2265:
2262:
2261:
2257:
2254:
2253:
2249:
2246:
2245:
2241:
2238:
2237:
2233:
2230:
2229:
2225:
2222:
2221:
2217:
2214:
2213:
2209:
2206:
2205:
2201:
2198:
2197:
2193:
2190:
2189:
2185:
2182:
2181:
2177:
2174:
2173:
2169:
2166:
2165:
2161:
2158:
2157:
2153:
2152:
2149:
2145:
2140:
2136:
2121:
2120:
2116:
2113:
2112:
2108:
2105:
2104:
2100:
2097:
2096:
2092:
2089:
2088:
2084:
2081:
2080:
2076:
2073:
2072:
2068:
2065:
2064:
2060:
2057:
2056:
2052:
2051:
2049:
2045:
2038:
2037:
2033:
2030:
2029:
2025:
2022:
2021:
2017:
2014:
2013:
2009:
2008:
2006:
2002:
1995:
1994:
1990:
1987:
1986:
1982:
1979:
1978:
1974:
1971:
1970:
1966:
1965:
1963:
1959:
1952:
1951:
1947:
1944:
1943:
1942:Jones v. Wolf
1939:
1936:
1935:
1931:
1928:
1927:
1923:
1920:
1919:
1915:
1912:
1911:
1907:
1904:
1903:
1899:
1896:
1895:
1891:
1888:
1887:
1883:
1882:
1880:
1876:
1869:
1868:
1864:
1861:
1860:
1856:
1853:
1852:
1848:
1845:
1844:
1840:
1837:
1836:
1832:
1829:
1828:
1824:
1823:
1821:
1817:
1810:
1809:
1805:
1802:
1801:
1797:
1794:
1793:
1789:
1786:
1785:
1781:
1778:
1777:
1773:
1770:
1769:
1765:
1762:
1761:
1757:
1754:
1753:
1749:
1746:
1745:
1741:
1738:
1737:
1733:
1730:
1729:
1725:
1722:
1721:
1717:
1714:
1713:
1709:
1708:
1706:
1700:
1693:
1692:
1688:
1685:
1684:
1680:
1677:
1676:
1672:
1669:
1668:
1664:
1661:
1660:
1656:
1653:
1652:
1648:
1645:
1644:
1640:
1637:
1636:
1632:
1629:
1628:
1624:
1621:
1620:
1616:
1613:
1612:
1608:
1605:
1604:
1600:
1597:
1596:
1592:
1589:
1588:
1584:
1581:
1580:
1576:
1573:
1572:
1568:
1565:
1564:
1560:
1557:
1556:
1552:
1549:
1548:
1544:
1541:
1540:
1536:
1533:
1532:
1528:
1525:
1524:
1520:
1517:
1516:
1512:
1509:
1508:
1504:
1501:
1500:
1496:
1493:
1492:
1488:
1485:
1484:
1480:
1477:
1476:
1472:
1469:
1468:
1464:
1461:
1460:
1456:
1453:
1452:
1448:
1445:
1444:
1440:
1439:
1437:
1433:
1426:
1425:
1421:
1418:
1417:
1413:
1410:
1409:
1405:
1402:
1401:
1397:
1394:
1393:
1389:
1386:
1385:
1381:
1378:
1377:
1373:
1370:
1369:
1365:
1364:
1362:
1356:
1349:
1348:
1344:
1341:
1340:
1336:
1333:
1332:
1328:
1325:
1324:
1320:
1317:
1316:
1312:
1309:
1308:
1304:
1301:
1300:
1296:
1293:
1292:
1288:
1285:
1284:
1280:
1277:
1276:
1272:
1271:
1269:
1263:
1259:
1255:
1250:
1246:
1241:
1234:
1229:
1227:
1222:
1220:
1215:
1214:
1211:
1204:
1201:
1198:
1195:
1192:
1189:
1186:
1183:
1180:
1177:
1172:
1163:
1154:
1145:
1136:
1135:CourtListener
1129:
1125:
1121:
1117:
1116:
1112:
1108:
1105:
1103:
1100:
1097:
1096:
1091:
1088:
1087:
1083:
1068:
1064:
1063:
1058:
1051:
1048:
1035:
1031:
1027:
1021:
1018:
1006:
1005:
1000:
993:
990:
986:
985:0-314-14640-7
982:
976:
973:
969:
968:0-691-11801-9
965:
959:
956:
952:
951:
945:
942:
936:
928:
925:
920:
915:
907:
904:
899:
898:Harv. L. Rev.
894:
886:
883:
871:
870:
865:
861:
855:
852:
840:
839:
834:
828:
825:
813:
812:
807:
803:
797:
794:
781:
777:
776:
771:
765:
762:
750:
749:
744:
740:
734:
731:
727:
723:
718:
712:
709:
705:
701:
696:
690:
687:
683:
679:
674:
668:
665:
653:
652:
647:
643:
637:
634:
630:
627:
623:
619:
614:
611:
605:
603:
601:
597:
593:
589:
585:
580:
578:
577:
572:
563:
561:
557:
554:
550:
546:
540:
538:
534:
530:
526:
522:
514:
512:
510:
507:, the Deputy
506:
500:
498:
494:
490:
486:
482:
478:
474:
470:
466:
465:David M. Ebel
462:
458:
454:
450:
446:
443:Senior Judge
442:
437:
435:
431:
426:
424:
420:
419:
414:
413:§ 2000bb
410:
406:
402:
398:
394:
390:
386:
382:
378:
374:
370:
369:U. S. Customs
362:
360:
358:
354:
350:
345:
343:
339:
335:
331:
327:
323:
319:
315:
314:
304:
300:
296:
292:
287:
282:
278:
274:
269:
264:
260:
256:
252:
248:
244:
240:
236:
232:
228:
224:
220:
217:
214:
212:
209:
207:Chief Justice
206:
205:
203:
198:
192:
187:
183:
179:
175:
171:
167:
164:
160:
156:
152:
149:
145:
141:
138:
134:
130:
126:
121:
118:
117:Oral argument
115:
111:
106:
102:
96:
95:
90:
87:
83:
79:
76:
73:
69:
66:
63:
59:
52:
48:
38:
33:
27:
19:
6814:
6806:
6798:
6790:
6782:
6774:
6766:
6758:
6750:
6742:
6734:
6726:
6718:
6710:
6702:
6665:
6657:
6649:
6641:
6633:
6625:
6617:
6609:
6590:
6582:
6574:
6566:
6558:
6550:
6542:
6534:
6517:In re Primus
6515:
6509:Solicitation
6496:
6477:
6469:
6461:
6453:
6445:
6437:
6393:
6385:
6377:
6356:
6348:
6302:
6294:
6286:
6267:
6259:
6251:
6243:
6235:
6227:
6208:
6200:
6192:
6184:
6176:
6168:
6160:
6152:
6144:
6136:
6128:
6120:
6112:
6091:
6083:
6075:
6067:
6059:
6051:
6043:Taxation and
6030:
6022:
6014:
5995:
5987:
5979:
5971:
5963:
5955:
5947:
5939:
5931:
5923:
5915:
5907:
5856:
5848:
5840:
5832:
5824:
5816:
5797:
5789:
5770:
5762:
5754:
5746:
5738:
5732:Wood v. Moss
5730:
5722:
5714:
5693:
5685:
5677:
5669:
5661:
5655:State action
5642:
5634:
5626:
5618:
5610:
5602:
5594:
5575:
5567:
5559:
5551:
5543:
5535:
5527:
5519:
5513:Davis v. FEC
5511:
5503:
5495:
5487:
5479:
5471:
5463:
5455:
5447:
5439:
5431:
5423:
5415:
5407:
5399:
5391:
5383:
5375:
5367:
5344:
5336:
5328:
5322:Matal v. Tam
5320:
5312:
5304:
5296:
5288:
5280:
5272:
5264:
5256:
5248:
5240:
5232:
5224:
5216:
5208:
5200:
5192:
5184:
5176:
5168:
5160:
5152:
5144:
5136:
5128:
5120:
5112:
5104:
5096:
5088:
5080:
5074:In re R.M.J.
5072:
5064:
5056:
5048:
5040:
5032:
5026:In re Primus
5024:
5016:
5008:
5000:
4992:
4984:
4976:
4968:
4960:
4952:
4944:
4923:
4915:
4907:
4899:
4891:
4883:
4875:
4867:
4859:
4851:
4843:
4835:
4827:
4819:
4798:
4790:
4782:
4774:
4768:similar laws
4750:
4742:
4734:
4726:
4718:
4710:
4702:
4694:
4686:
4678:
4670:
4662:
4654:
4646:
4638:
4630:
4622:
4614:
4606:
4598:
4579:
4571:
4563:
4555:
4547:
4539:
4531:
4523:
4515:
4507:
4499:
4487:
4479:
4471:
4450:
4442:
4434:
4426:
4418:
4397:
4389:
4381:
4373:
4367:Matal v. Tam
4365:
4357:
4349:
4326:
4318:
4310:
4302:
4294:
4286:
4261:
4253:
4234:
4226:
4218:
4210:
4202:
4194:
4186:
4178:
4170:
4162:
4154:
4146:
4138:
4130:
4122:
4114:
4106:
4098:
4090:
4069:
4061:
4053:
4045:
4037:
4029:
4021:
4013:
4005:
3997:
3989:
3964:
3956:
3948:
3940:
3932:
3924:
3916:
3895:
3887:
3879:
3873:public forum
3858:
3850:
3842:
3834:
3826:
3818:
3810:
3802:
3794:
3786:
3778:
3770:
3762:
3754:
3746:
3738:
3730:
3722:
3714:
3706:
3700:Hague v. CIO
3698:
3690:
3683:public forum
3667:
3659:
3651:
3643:
3637:restrictions
3622:
3614:
3606:
3598:
3590:
3582:
3574:
3566:
3558:
3552:restrictions
3537:
3529:
3521:
3513:
3505:
3497:
3489:
3481:
3473:
3465:
3457:
3434:
3426:
3418:
3393:
3385:
3360:
3352:
3344:
3336:
3315:
3307:
3299:
3291:
3283:
3275:
3267:
3259:
3251:
3243:
3235:
3227:
3219:
3213:Reno v. ACLU
3211:
3203:
3195:
3187:
3179:
3171:
3163:
3155:
3147:
3139:
3131:
3123:
3115:
3107:
3099:
3091:
3083:
3075:
3067:
3059:
3051:
3043:
3035:
3027:
3019:
3011:
3003:
2995:
2974:
2966:
2958:
2950:
2943:True threats
2929:
2921:
2913:
2905:
2897:
2889:
2881:
2873:
2865:
2838:
2830:
2822:
2814:
2807:false speech
2788:
2776:
2768:
2756:
2753:(1955; 1961)
2748:
2740:
2732:
2724:
2716:
2708:
2700:
2692:
2684:
2605:
2597:
2589:
2568:
2560:
2552:
2544:
2537:
2536:
2508:
2500:
2492:
2471:
2463:
2455:
2447:
2426:
2418:
2410:
2402:
2394:
2386:
2378:
2370:
2362:
2354:
2346:
2338:
2332:Bowen v. Roy
2330:
2322:
2314:
2306:
2298:
2290:
2282:
2276:Cruz v. Beto
2274:
2266:
2258:
2250:
2242:
2234:
2226:
2218:
2210:
2202:
2194:
2186:
2178:
2170:
2162:
2154:
2117:
2109:
2101:
2093:
2085:
2077:
2069:
2061:
2053:
2034:
2026:
2018:
2010:
1991:
1983:
1975:
1967:
1948:
1940:
1932:
1924:
1916:
1908:
1900:
1892:
1884:
1865:
1857:
1849:
1841:
1833:
1825:
1806:
1798:
1790:
1782:
1774:
1766:
1758:
1750:
1742:
1734:
1726:
1718:
1710:
1689:
1681:
1673:
1665:
1657:
1649:
1641:
1633:
1625:
1617:
1609:
1601:
1593:
1585:
1577:
1569:
1561:
1553:
1545:
1537:
1529:
1521:
1513:
1505:
1497:
1489:
1481:
1473:
1465:
1457:
1449:
1441:
1422:
1414:
1406:
1398:
1390:
1382:
1374:
1366:
1345:
1337:
1329:
1321:
1313:
1305:
1297:
1289:
1281:
1273:
1119:
1093:
1070:. Retrieved
1060:
1050:
1038:. Retrieved
1029:
1020:
1008:. Retrieved
1002:
992:
975:
958:
949:
944:
927:
906:
885:
873:. Retrieved
867:
854:
842:. Retrieved
838:Oyez Project
836:
827:
815:. Retrieved
809:
796:
784:. Retrieved
773:
764:
752:. Retrieved
746:
733:
716:
711:
694:
689:
672:
667:
655:. Retrieved
649:
636:
631: (2006).
617:
613:
581:
574:
567:
558:
541:
525:Samuel Alito
521:John Roberts
518:
501:
479:, Porfilio,
438:
427:
416:
372:
366:
346:
312:
311:
310:
289:Laws applied
271:Case opinion
263:Samuel Alito
258:
246:
239:David Souter
234:
222:
211:John Roberts
173:
158:
132:
123:Case history
92:
64:
26:
6808:Doe v. Reed
5989:Lowe v. SEC
5636:Doe v. Reed
3407:Overbreadth
3200:(Cal. 1988)
2655:Unprotected
1702:Religion in
1072:October 16,
1040:October 16,
1036:. June 2012
1010:October 16,
919:Va. L. Rev.
875:October 16,
844:October 16,
817:October 16,
786:October 16,
754:October 16,
728: 2004).
706: 2003).
684: 2002).
657:October 16,
334:New Mexican
332:(UDV), the
137:F. Supp. 2d
103:1017; 2006
6837:Categories
6105:Defamation
6045:privileges
5900:censorship
4342:as speaker
4340:Government
3871:Designated
2802:Defamation
2666:Incitement
1360:exemptions
646:"High Tea"
606:References
573:, but the
363:Background
301:§ 2000bb (
105:U.S. LEXIS
71:Docket no.
6883:Ayahuasca
4764:Hatch Act
3908:Nonpublic
3411:Vagueness
2988:Obscenity
2004:Blue laws
726:10th Cir.
704:10th Cir.
596:Tom Perez
377:ayahuasca
338:ayahuasca
155:10th Cir.
101:L. Ed. 2d
81:Citations
5783:Boycotts
2671:sedition
1242:case law
1118:Text of
539:(RFRA).
407:(RFRA),
276:Majority
113:Argument
6008:Privacy
5810:Prisons
4492:(1969,
2781:(1969,
2761:(1957,
1144:Findlaw
598:of the
457:en banc
397:Seagram
189:Holding
159:en banc
75:04-1084
6819:(2011)
6811:(2010)
6803:(2002)
6795:(1999)
6787:(1988)
6779:(1985)
6771:(1979)
6763:(1972)
6755:(1965)
6747:(1965)
6739:(1963)
6731:(1963)
6723:(1961)
6715:(1945)
6707:(1876)
6670:(2008)
6662:(2008)
6654:(2005)
6646:(2000)
6638:(1997)
6630:(1986)
6622:(1981)
6614:(1975)
6595:(2010)
6587:(2000)
6579:(1995)
6571:(1989)
6563:(1988)
6555:(1987)
6547:(1984)
6539:(1984)
6520:(1978)
6501:(1964)
6482:(2021)
6474:(1963)
6466:(1960)
6458:(1958)
6450:(1957)
6442:(1951)
6398:(2021)
6390:(1945)
6382:(1937)
6361:(1886)
6353:(1876)
6307:(2003)
6299:(1985)
6291:(1977)
6272:(2001)
6264:(1997)
6256:(1996)
6248:(1981)
6240:(1978)
6232:(1969)
6205:(1990)
6197:(1989)
6189:(1988)
6181:(1985)
6173:(1985)
6165:(1984)
6157:(1976)
6149:(1974)
6141:(1970)
6133:(1967)
6125:(1964)
6117:(1952)
6096:(1991)
6088:(1987)
6080:(1983)
6072:(1978)
6064:(1972)
6056:(1936)
6035:(1989)
6027:(1975)
6019:(1967)
6000:(2005)
5992:(1985)
5984:(1978)
5976:(1976)
5968:(1974)
5960:(1971)
5952:(1965)
5944:(1946)
5936:(1946)
5928:(1938)
5920:(1931)
5912:(1907)
5861:(2006)
5853:(2003)
5845:(2001)
5837:(1987)
5829:(1977)
5821:(1974)
5802:(1990)
5794:(1982)
5775:(2024)
5767:(2024)
5759:(2022)
5751:(2019)
5743:(2018)
5735:(2014)
5727:(2012)
5719:(2006)
5698:(2024)
5690:(2024)
5682:(2019)
5674:(1972)
5666:(1946)
5647:(2021)
5639:(2010)
5631:(1995)
5623:(1982)
5615:(1976)
5607:(1960)
5599:(1958)
5580:(2022)
5572:(2019)
5564:(2015)
5556:(2014)
5548:(2012)
5540:(2011)
5532:(2011)
5524:(2010)
5516:(2008)
5508:(2007)
5500:(2006)
5492:(2006)
5484:(2003)
5476:(2003)
5468:(2002)
5460:(2001)
5452:(2000)
5444:(1996)
5436:(1990)
5428:(1989)
5420:(1986)
5412:(1985)
5404:(1982)
5396:(1981)
5388:(1981)
5380:(1978)
5372:(1976)
5349:(2024)
5341:(2020)
5333:(2019)
5325:(2017)
5317:(2017)
5309:(2011)
5301:(2010)
5293:(2010)
5285:(2007)
5277:(2005)
5269:(2003)
5261:(2002)
5253:(2001)
5245:(2001)
5237:(1999)
5229:(1999)
5221:(1997)
5213:(1996)
5205:(1995)
5197:(1995)
5189:(1995)
5181:(1994)
5173:(1993)
5165:(1993)
5157:(1993)
5149:(1990)
5141:(1989)
5133:(1988)
5125:(1988)
5117:(1987)
5109:(1986)
5101:(1986)
5093:(1985)
5085:(1982)
5077:(1982)
5069:(1981)
5061:(1980)
5053:(1980)
5045:(1979)
5037:(1978)
5029:(1978)
5021:(1977)
5013:(1977)
5005:(1977)
4997:(1976)
4989:(1975)
4981:(1975)
4973:(1974)
4965:(1973)
4957:(1970)
4949:(1942)
4928:(1992)
4920:(1988)
4912:(1982)
4904:(1981)
4896:(1967)
4888:(1965)
4880:(1964)
4872:(1963)
4864:(1957)
4856:(1952)
4848:(1951)
4840:(1943)
4832:(1941)
4824:(1915)
4803:(1973)
4795:(1973)
4787:(1947)
4779:(1882)
4755:(2022)
4747:(2016)
4739:(2014)
4731:(2011)
4723:(2007)
4715:(2006)
4707:(2001)
4699:(1996)
4691:(1995)
4683:(1994)
4675:(1990)
4667:(1987)
4659:(1983)
4651:(1979)
4643:(1979)
4635:(1977)
4627:(1976)
4619:(1974)
4611:(1972)
4603:(1968)
4584:(2021)
4576:(2021)
4568:(2007)
4560:(2007)
4552:(2001)
4544:(1995)
4536:(1990)
4528:(1988)
4520:(1986)
4512:(1982)
4504:(1972)
4484:(1943)
4476:(1940)
4455:(1974)
4447:(1967)
4439:(1958)
4431:(1951)
4423:(1950)
4402:(2024)
4394:(2022)
4386:(2022)
4378:(2019)
4370:(2017)
4362:(2015)
4354:(2009)
4331:(2020)
4323:(2013)
4315:(2001)
4307:(1998)
4299:(1991)
4291:(1983)
4266:(1984)
4258:(1944)
4239:(2018)
4231:(2016)
4223:(2014)
4215:(2012)
4207:(2009)
4199:(2008)
4191:(2007)
4183:(2005)
4175:(2001)
4167:(2000)
4159:(1997)
4151:(1991)
4143:(1990)
4135:(1988)
4127:(1986)
4119:(1984)
4111:(1977)
4103:(1961)
4095:(1956)
4074:(2024)
4066:(2023)
4058:(2018)
4050:(2006)
4042:(1995)
4034:(1986)
4026:(1980)
4018:(1977)
4010:(1974)
4002:(1943)
3994:(1940)
3969:(2018)
3961:(1997)
3953:(1992)
3945:(1985)
3937:(1983)
3929:(1980)
3921:(1974)
3900:(2021)
3892:(1995)
3884:(1981)
3863:(2014)
3855:(2000)
3847:(1997)
3839:(1994)
3831:(1992)
3823:(1989)
3815:(1988)
3807:(1984)
3799:(1983)
3791:(1981)
3783:(1971)
3775:(1971)
3767:(1968)
3759:(1966)
3751:(1966)
3743:(1965)
3735:(1963)
3727:(1951)
3719:(1943)
3711:(1940)
3703:(1939)
3695:(1897)
3680:In the
3672:(2017)
3664:(1994)
3656:(1986)
3648:(1939)
3627:(2022)
3619:(2020)
3611:(2015)
3603:(1992)
3595:(1991)
3587:(1990)
3579:(1988)
3571:(1981)
3563:(1965)
3542:(2003)
3534:(2000)
3526:(1991)
3518:(1990)
3510:(1989)
3502:(1989)
3494:(1984)
3486:(1974)
3478:(1971)
3470:(1968)
3462:(1931)
3439:(2018)
3431:(1987)
3423:(1974)
3398:(2015)
3390:(2010)
3365:(2023)
3357:(2002)
3349:(1990)
3341:(1982)
3320:(2025)
3312:(2012)
3304:(2011)
3296:(2010)
3272:(2008)
3256:(2004)
3248:(2003)
3240:(2002)
3232:(2002)
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2894:(1951)
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2582:RLUIPA
2573:(2020)
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2557:(2016)
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2541:(2006)
2513:(2020)
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