93:
1174:
endorsing the insurgency. He passed a couple of anticlerical laws. One of these was the
Tuition of Cults, a law that prohibited religious officials to exercise their functions without authorization from the government, thus requiring special licenses to preach. Through another law, he confiscated the property of religious communities and organizations such as schools, hospitals, monasteries, churches, land, houses and other properties that could be sold. Those organizations that opposed were banned and abolished.
56:
858:
42:
285:
994:
310:
442:
1177:
These laws were not approved as a direct attack on the Church, but what was pretended was to improve the situation of the national treasury which was depleted because of the Civil War currently being waged. The Church assets were sold to the best buyer, improving industry and investment while putting
786:
of New
Granada, and a powerful and influential politician in the country. He denounced these laws as unconstitutional and made contact with other liberal leaders in other states, who gave him their support to revolt against the president, even though not all agreed with his ideas, they supported him
767:
The political tension came to its pinnacle in 1859 when
Congress passed two controversial laws. On April 8, 1859, Congress passed a law giving the President the right to remove the duly appointed governors of the states and appoint one of his choosing. With this law, the president secured the power
726:
The
Constitution also listed the powers and obligations of the states and of the central government, and gave parameters to creating new laws and amending the constitution. It included the basic freedoms, and rights of the people. The constitution was important as it signaled the official beginning
1173:
This brief period of religious calm ended when
Mosquera, who assumed the presidency a second time, continued with his anticlerical attitude driving once again the Jesuits out of the Confederacy giving them only seventy-two hours to leave the country or risk imprisonment, as he blamed them of
742:
1182:
1119:
Each of these regions behaved like a separate country without relations to the others. This isolation and lack of roads was a severe restraint on the economy, as its already distant nuclei were too far from each other for trade to grow and investment to take place.
1206:, consisting of nine sovereign states, and where new rules and powers were given to the states and presidents. The Liberals had come to fear the great power of Mosquera, and they drafted the new constitution to limit his power. The Radical Liberals defended a
763:
This caused some leaders to consider the administrative base of the federation as a notion to underestimate the authority of the states, and led the national government to view the independent aspirations of the states as a threat to the overall nation.
1100:
which was isolated in its own region. The jungles in the south only added to the confusion. The unclear borders were never definitively marked, and the terrain secluded its residents, mostly natives, from the rest of the country.
790:
By a decree of May 8, 1860, Mosquera broke relations with the national government, declared himself
Supreme Director of War, and declared a separated state, the Sovereign State of Cauca. From that moment the country entered a
1178:
money in the hands of the state. However the laws provided little assistance to the farmers who finished up owning little of the land as
Mosquera intended, with his slogan of “Land for those who work it”.
1151:, expelled the Archbishop of Bogotá. The closure of convents and monasteries drove nuns into poverty, although many were taken into homes by citizens. All of this drew direct criticism from the
806:
during 1859; the
Confederacy Granadine declared war on the state of Santander, and sent its army to subdue Eustogio Salgar, who was captured along with other important figures, including
775:
On May 10, 1859, another law was passed, this one giving the president the power to create administrative departments in states so to control their resources and how would they be used.
1347:
1143:
during 1849, Mosquera adopted a radical position with the church, approving laws confiscating religious property and subjecting the clergy to government rules. He banished the
2521:
1104:
Four isolated regions divided the country; the
Oriental Region included Cundinamarca, Tolima, Boyacá and Santander; the Cauca Region, which included Chocó and extended to
92:
1386:
1298:
1060:
According to the constitution of 1858, the limits of the territory of the
Granadine Confederation were to be the same as those of 1810, that divided the territory of the
2511:
1136:, and religion formed an essential part of life, the government approved a number of laws directed at controlling the clergy and church property during this time.
1459:
1335:
2526:
1917:
1042:
787:
and accepted to allow him to become Supreme Director of War, because they saw no other way to get back their autonomy than to revolt against the government.
2467:
1922:
457:
which was ratified by the constitution of 1843, was soon challenged by the independentist feelings of the different regions; particularly the provinces of
1372:
802:
endorsed insurrections against the liberal governments in some states, the first of these armed conflicts being in Santander, against the government of
1310:
1912:
1489:
1268:
2235:
2205:
1743:
2182:
1558:
55:
2404:
1861:
1563:
1351:
1800:
1738:
1723:
1695:
670:, created out of the State of Cundinamarca. This was confirmed and legalized by the rest of the states of the Colombian Union, by means of
817:
on June 18, 1861, declared himself president of the provisional government, and arrested Ospina RodrĂguez, his brother Pastor Ospina, and
736:
397:
228:
2439:
2080:
1715:
1610:
1502:
1010:
2516:
1035:
1927:
813:
Civil war then spread to other states, including BolĂvar, AntioquĂa, Magdalena and Cauca. In an unexpected act, Mosquera captured
2506:
1939:
1733:
1424:
2399:
2312:
2035:
1944:
1835:
1786:
1553:
1285:
917:
2382:
2172:
2085:
1904:
1818:
1574:
1533:
1523:
1069:
1065:
886:
876:
480:
Soon others followed, regionalism was too strong, and in order to prevent a division like the one Greater Colombia had, with
143:
1398:
857:
41:
2245:
2042:
1961:
1518:
1482:
1231:
1140:
865:
779:
723:
The president and senators could be elected to serve a period of four years and the Representatives of the House for two.
591:
2290:
2119:
2062:
2047:
1934:
1700:
1620:
1028:
1005:
837:
769:
706:
629:
555:
389:
2409:
2345:
2307:
1986:
1976:
1753:
1728:
1710:
1600:
1015:
205:
1781:
1163:
753:
746:
687:
659:
529:
1088:
The Granadine Confederation covered a vast region, sharply divided by its geography. The country was divided by the
473:, which were demanding autonomous status. The Constitution of 1853 permitted this so that on February 27, 1855, the
1954:
1829:
1813:
1776:
1705:
1543:
1061:
906:
663:
613:
539:
506:
496:
1999:
1994:
1632:
1590:
1236:
1203:
962:
667:
607:
424:
377:
303:
2362:
2340:
2295:
2225:
2210:
2152:
2095:
1879:
1771:
1668:
1475:
1265:
61:
423:
because it gave more autonomy to the provinces, which multiplied to 35 provinces during the administration of
640:
The nation was formed by the union of these Sovereign States which were confederated in perpetuity to form a
2357:
2350:
2177:
2075:
2052:
1808:
1642:
1580:
1314:
1215:
1148:
942:
454:
393:
361:
290:
698:, the country was named officially as the Confederation Granadine and conformed by eight sovereign states.
2387:
1896:
1874:
1538:
896:
757:
573:
569:
416:
405:
1615:
1199:
633:
2392:
2255:
2162:
2157:
2105:
1966:
1949:
1884:
1866:
1766:
1761:
1652:
1195:
783:
500:
401:
1605:
617:
621:
2260:
2240:
2167:
2135:
2090:
2057:
1971:
1849:
1528:
972:
717:
691:
625:
462:
458:
1448:
2432:
2372:
2367:
2285:
2197:
2100:
2030:
2018:
1690:
1685:
1510:
1246:
1077:
846:
799:
577:
563:
760:. This conservativism clashed with the wishes of the states which wanted more power and autonomy.
2250:
2220:
2145:
1637:
1548:
1207:
595:
533:
436:
818:
741:
599:
466:
388:
The short but complicated life of the Granadine Confederation was marked by rivalry between the
2448:
2377:
2322:
2280:
2265:
2230:
2187:
1678:
1673:
1366:
1097:
647:
During 1858 the new constituency, with its majority of conservatives, convened and signed the
551:
514:
470:
752:
Even though the Constitution of 1858 had legalized federalism, the politics of the president
2300:
2270:
1144:
824:
The war ended in 1862 when the last leaders of the conservative opposition died or gave up.
803:
510:
489:
357:
349:
136:
79:
47:
701:
More power and representation was given to the provinces, as each state could have its own
2453:
2275:
1272:
1129:
1093:
998:
713:
559:
474:
411:
The Granadine Confederation was established by the Constitution of 1853, considered pro-
2067:
2004:
1133:
603:
543:
256:
116:
1428:
1181:
2500:
2332:
2317:
2215:
1570:
1241:
1211:
1076:. In the west, the limits would be those marked provisionally by the treaty with the
932:
807:
525:
created the other states that would later form parts of the Confederation Granadine:
450:
1626:
1156:
695:
678:
on September 20, 1861, reaffirming the legality of the institutionalism of Tolima.
1132:
was a constant target for the government. Although its population was still very
1109:
1402:
1219:
1214:
policy, in which regional and local autonomy were protected, where there was no
702:
694:
passed and approved a new Constitution for the country on May 22, 1858. By this
658:
On July 12, 1861, after fighting the constitutional government of the president
441:
2140:
585:
420:
412:
2482:
2469:
1266:
http://www.lablaa.org/blaavirtual/revistas/credencial/agosto1994/agosto1.htm
1162:
After the creation of the Confederation Granadine, during the government of
1113:
792:
481:
1823:
814:
652:
106:
1595:
1498:
1194:
The Granadine Confederation ended on 8 May 1863, with the signing of the
1152:
365:
360:
established in 1858 as a result of a constitutional change replacing the
332:
1170:
were once again welcomed into the country and religious tensions eased.
1167:
1105:
547:
485:
123:
1073:
373:
369:
336:
328:
1467:
1218:, a society with basic rights and freedoms, based on education and
1180:
1089:
740:
581:
594:(Estado Federal de Cundinamarca), which included the province of
1096:
which was the main artery of navigation in the country, and the
644:, free and independent with the name “Confederation Granadine".
1471:
1185:
Political Constitution for the United States of Colombia. 1863.
616:(Estado Federal de Magdalena), which included the provinces of
1128:
During the brief life of the Confederacy Granadine, the Roman
542:(Estado Federal de Boyacá), which included the provinces of
445:
Federal subjects of the Granadine Confederation during 1858.
1108:; the Region of AntioquĂa, that extended down to the River
778:
These laws angered many liberal leaders, specially general
572:(Estado Federal de Cauca), which included the provinces of
488:
quitting the union, congress allowed the creation of other
400:(1860–1862). It also was a period of hostility against the
376:. In turn, the Granadine Confederation was replaced by the
1202:, which officially changed the name of the country to the
716:
was abolished and replaced with a dignitary named by the
1461:
Political Constitution for the United States of Colombia
427:(1855–1857), each with its own provincial constitution.
1159:
to condemn the government of Colombia for its actions.
1080:
on July 9, 1856, and all treaties with that republic.
477:
could be created within the Republic of New Granada.
1337:
Constitution for the Granadine Confederation of 1858
649:
Constitution for the Confederation Granadine of 1858
16:
1858–1863 federal state in Central and South America
2331:
2196:
2118:
2017:
1985:
1895:
1848:
1799:
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1509:
1425:"Jesuitas | documentos | Encuentros con la Palabra"
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122:
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21:
1449::: Presidencia de la RepĂşblica de Colombia ::
821:, the newly elected president of the confederacy.
1326:Provinces of The Sovereign State of Cundinamarca
1286:"Law of the Creation of the State of AntioquĂa"
1483:
1300:Law of the Creation of the State of Santander
1036:
727:of the confederacy and set legal parameters.
380:after another constitutional change in 1863.
364:. It consisted of the present-day nations of
8:
1222:values, with no intervention by the church.
532:(Estado Federal de BolĂvar), which included
2522:States and territories established in 1858
2128:
2124:
2023:
1854:
1661:
1657:
1490:
1476:
1468:
1043:
1029:
831:
91:
18:
1377:Tolima, Creation and Institutional Growth
745:President of the Granadine Confederation
440:
2512:1863 disestablishments in South America
1258:
1139:During the first presidency of general
864:
845:
834:
97:Location of the Granadine Confederation
1371:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
1364:
237:
224:
214:
201:
197:
175:
165:
155:
151:
141:
7:
2527:1858 establishments in South America
1616:Colombia–Peru War (Leticia Incident)
1275:Federalism in the 9 sovereign states
1072:, and the Portuguese possessions in
453:, the centralized government of the
1311:"Loscolombianos.com - Cundinamarca"
798:In retaliation, the government of
509:, which included the provinces of
14:
1559:Military career of SimĂłn BolĂvar
992:
856:
308:
283:
54:
40:
2313:Freedom of religion in Colombia
1638:Current internal armed conflict
1554:United Provinces of New Granada
737:Colombian Civil War (1860–1862)
686:By the conservative mandate of
1070:Captaincy General of Guatemala
1066:Captaincy General of Venezuela
449:After the disestablishment of
1:
592:Federal State of Cundinamarca
217:• Constitutional reform
1092:of the Andes mountains, the
2410:Colombia in popular culture
2183:Water supply and sanitation
1601:Colombian Civil War of 1895
1399:"Independencia y Republica"
1116:; and the Atlantic Region.
517:, was created May 13, 1857.
240:• Rionegro Convention
2543:
1544:Viceroyalty of New Granada
1288:. Cervantes Virtual. 1850.
1232:Tomás Cipriano de Mosquera
1141:Tomás Cipriano de Mosquera
1062:Viceroyalty of New Granada
907:Viceroyalty of New Granada
780:Tomás Cipriano de Mosquera
734:
664:Tomas Cipriano de Mosquera
614:Federal State of Magdalena
588:and the region of Caquetá.
507:Federal State of Santander
497:Federal State of Antioquia
434:
372:and parts of northwestern
182:Tomás Cipriano de Mosquera
2426:
2405:Right-wing paramilitarism
2131:
2127:
2026:
1857:
1664:
1660:
1591:United States of Colombia
1237:United States of Colombia
1204:United States of Colombia
963:United States of Colombia
668:Sovereign State of Tolima
378:United States of Colombia
304:United States of Colombia
262:
248:
198:
186:
152:
90:
70:
36:
31:
2517:19th century in Colombia
1164:Mariano Ospina RodrĂguez
754:Mariano Ospina RodrĂguez
747:Mariano Ospina RodrĂguez
688:Mariano Ospina RodrĂguez
660:Mariano Ospina RodrĂguez
655:as its Federal Capital.
530:Federal State of BolĂvar
162:Mariano Ospina RodrĂguez
2507:Granadine Confederation
1643:Colombian peace process
1586:Granadine Confederation
1581:Republic of New Granada
1149:Republic of New Granada
953:Granadine Confederation
943:Republic of New Granada
540:Federal State of Boyacá
455:Republic of New Granada
362:Republic of New Granada
354:ConfederaciĂłn Granadina
346:Granadine Confederation
291:Republic of New Granada
26:ConfederaciĂłn Granadina
23:Granadine Confederation
2081:Science and technology
1836:Indigenous territories
1539:Kingdom of New Granada
1186:
897:New Kingdom of Granada
749:
570:Federal State of Cauca
446:
425:Manuel MarĂa Mallarino
353:
83:
1414:Four Isolated Regions
1184:
1078:government of Ecuador
877:Pre-Columbian period
744:
444:
402:Roman Catholic Church
2236:World Heritage Sites
2206:Archaeological sites
1940:Council of Ministers
1744:World Heritage Sites
1734:Environmental issues
1711:Valleys and Plateaus
1611:Separation of Panama
1596:Republic of Colombia
1564:Wars of independence
1529:Muisca Confederation
1388:Constitution of 1858
1196:Constitution of 1863
973:Republic of Colombia
887:Spanish colonization
682:Constitution of 1858
523:Law of June 15, 1857
356:) was a short-lived
2479: /
2400:Guerrilla movements
1945:Government agencies
1918:Comptroller General
1247:History of Colombia
1200:Rionegro Convention
1190:Rionegro Convention
999:Colombia portal
918:United Provinces of
396:, which ended in a
2173:Race and ethnicity
2086:Telecommunications
1819:Metropolitan areas
1606:Thousand Days' War
1549:Foolish Fatherland
1524:Indigenous peoples
1271:2009-02-07 at the
1208:federal government
1187:
770:Conservative Party
750:
705:and elect its own
534:Cartagena Province
501:Antioquia Province
447:
437:States of Colombia
390:Conservative Party
2462:
2461:
2422:
2421:
2418:
2417:
2114:
2113:
2013:
2012:
1962:Foreign relations
1923:Inspector General
1862:Political parties
1844:
1843:
1795:
1794:
1718:(Protected Areas)
1098:Isthmus of Panama
1090:three cordilleras
1053:
1052:
986:
985:
676:Pact of the Union
503:on June 11, 1856.
499:was created from
404:, and of divided
342:
341:
320:
319:
316:
315:
296:
295:
178:• 1861–1863
158:• 1858–1861
107:Santafé de Bogotá
84:Liberty and Order
2534:
2494:
2493:
2491:
2490:
2489:
2484:
2483:4.650°N 74.050°W
2480:
2477:
2476:
2475:
2472:
2442:
2435:
2383:Drug trafficking
2291:National symbols
2271:Muisca mythology
2129:
2125:
2071:
2063:Mineral industry
2048:Economic history
2024:
1855:
1824:Capital District
1739:Invasive species
1724:Cities and towns
1719:
1662:
1658:
1534:Spanish conquest
1492:
1485:
1478:
1469:
1462:
1457:
1451:
1446:
1440:
1439:
1437:
1436:
1427:. Archived from
1421:
1415:
1413:
1411:
1410:
1401:. Archived from
1395:
1389:
1384:
1378:
1376:
1370:
1362:
1360:
1359:
1350:. Archived from
1344:
1338:
1333:
1327:
1325:
1323:
1322:
1313:. Archived from
1307:
1301:
1296:
1290:
1289:
1282:
1276:
1263:
1145:Society of Jesus
1045:
1038:
1031:
997:
996:
995:
982:
981:
927:
873:
872:
860:
850:
832:
804:Eustorgio Salgar
800:Ospina RodrĂguez
642:Sovereign Nation
490:sovereign states
431:Federal subjects
358:federal republic
312:
311:
300:
299:
287:
286:
280:
279:
264:
263:
206:New constitution
137:Federal republic
95:
75:Libertad y Orden
58:
44:
19:
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2414:
2327:
2308:Public holidays
2276:Muisca religion
2192:
2110:
2069:
2009:
1995:Aerospace Force
1981:
1913:Auditor General
1891:
1840:
1791:
1754:Natural regions
1748:
1729:Natural hazards
1717:
1716:National parks
1647:
1505:
1496:
1466:
1465:
1458:
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1418:
1408:
1406:
1397:
1396:
1392:
1385:
1381:
1363:
1357:
1355:
1348:"Archived copy"
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1345:
1341:
1334:
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1309:
1308:
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1297:
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1284:
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1273:Wayback Machine
1264:
1260:
1255:
1228:
1192:
1155:, even causing
1130:Catholic Church
1126:
1094:Magdalena River
1086:
1058:
1049:
1020:
1001:
993:
991:
979:
977:
967:1863–1886
957:1858–1863
947:1831–1858
937:1819–1831
926:1810–1816
925:
922:
919:
911:1717–1819
901:1550–1717
891:1499–1550
848:
841:
830:
819:Bartolomé Calvo
739:
733:
714:vice presidency
684:
475:State of Panamá
439:
433:
386:
335:
331:
309:
284:
241:
231:
218:
208:
179:
172:Bartolomé Calvo
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59:
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27:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
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2499:
2498:
2488:4.650; -74.050
2460:
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2106:Transportation
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2098:
2093:
2088:
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2078:
2076:Stock exchange
2073:
2065:
2060:
2055:
2050:
2045:
2040:
2039:
2038:
2027:
2021:
2015:
2014:
2011:
2010:
2008:
2007:
2002:
1997:
1991:
1989:
1983:
1982:
1980:
1979:
1974:
1969:
1964:
1959:
1958:
1957:
1955:Vice President
1952:
1947:
1942:
1932:
1931:
1930:
1925:
1920:
1915:
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1830:Corregimientos
1826:
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1814:Municipalities
1811:
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1803:
1797:
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1633:National Front
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1134:Roman Catholic
1125:
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1019:
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1011:Constitutional
1008:
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987:
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869:
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843:
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835:
829:
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735:Main article:
732:
729:
683:
680:
662:, the general
638:
637:
611:
589:
567:
537:
519:
518:
504:
435:Main article:
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429:
385:
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340:
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326:
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117:Roman Catholic
114:
110:
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96:
88:
87:
68:
67:
60:
53:
52:
46:
39:
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34:
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25:
22:
15:
13:
10:
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2318:Miss Colombia
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2020:
2016:
2006:
2003:
2001:
1998:
1996:
1993:
1992:
1990:
1988:
1984:
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1975:
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1968:
1965:
1963:
1960:
1956:
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1951:
1948:
1946:
1943:
1941:
1938:
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1936:
1933:
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1911:
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1787:Pacific/ChocĂł
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1575:reunification
1572:
1571:Gran Colombia
1569:
1565:
1562:
1561:
1560:
1557:
1555:
1552:
1550:
1547:
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1445:
1442:
1431:on 2007-08-22
1430:
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1420:
1417:
1405:on 2008-12-10
1404:
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1394:
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1354:on 2007-09-26
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1242:Confederalism
1240:
1238:
1235:
1233:
1230:
1229:
1225:
1223:
1221:
1217:
1216:national army
1213:
1212:laissez-faire
1209:
1205:
1201:
1197:
1189:
1183:
1179:
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1171:
1169:
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966:
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960:
956:
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951:
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933:Gran Colombia
931:
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924:
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915:
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910:
908:
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900:
898:
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808:Aquileo Parra
805:
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796:
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650:
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498:
495:
494:
493:
491:
487:
483:
478:
476:
472:
468:
464:
460:
456:
452:
451:Gran Colombia
443:
438:
430:
428:
426:
422:
418:
414:
409:
407:
403:
399:
395:
394:Liberal Party
391:
383:
381:
379:
375:
371:
367:
363:
359:
355:
351:
347:
338:
334:
330:
327:
325:Today part of
323:
307:
305:
302:
301:
298:
292:
289:
282:
281:
278:
277:
274:
271:
269:
266:
265:
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258:
255:
251:
247:
243:
233:
230:
220:
210:
207:
193:
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185:
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171:
161:
147:
145:
138:
135:
131:
127:
125:
121:
118:
115:
111:
108:
105:
101:
94:
89:
85:
81:
76:
73:
69:
63:
57:
49:
43:
35:
30:
20:
2464:
2341:Human rights
2296:Coat of arms
2226:Video gaming
2211:Architecture
2153:Demographics
2096:Trade unions
2036:Central bank
1905:Constitution
1880:Conservatism
1828:
1801:Subdivisions
1669:Biodiversity
1627:La Violencia
1625:
1621:World War II
1585:
1455:
1444:
1433:. Retrieved
1429:the original
1419:
1407:. Retrieved
1403:the original
1393:
1382:
1356:. Retrieved
1352:the original
1342:
1331:
1319:. Retrieved
1315:the original
1305:
1294:
1280:
1261:
1193:
1176:
1172:
1161:
1157:Pope Pius IX
1138:
1127:
1118:
1103:
1087:
1059:
952:
823:
812:
797:
789:
784:ex-president
777:
774:
766:
762:
751:
725:
722:
711:
700:
696:constitution
685:
675:
671:
666:created the
657:
648:
646:
641:
639:
574:Buenaventura
560:Chiquinquirá
522:
520:
479:
448:
410:
387:
345:
343:
273:Succeeded by
272:
267:
168:• 1861
74:
72:Motto:
71:
62:Coat of arms
2486: /
2358:Immigration
2256:Handicrafts
2178:Health care
2053:Agriculture
1871:Ideologies
1809:Departments
1220:open market
1210:based on a
978:1886–
920:New Granada
847:History of
703:legislature
626:Santa Marta
406:regionalism
268:Preceded by
211:May 22 1858
2501:Categories
2388:Corruption
2363:Emigration
2261:Literature
2141:Colombians
2070:(currency)
1897:Governance
1875:Liberalism
1435:2007-02-06
1409:2009-01-18
1358:2007-02-06
1321:2011-01-11
758:centralism
672:Article 41
634:Valledupar
554:, and the
421:federalist
413:federalist
244:May 8 1863
133:Government
124:Demonym(s)
2393:Terrorism
2246:Festivals
2241:Carnivals
2163:Languages
2158:Education
2043:Companies
1967:Judiciary
1950:President
1935:Executive
1928:Ombudsman
1885:Communism
1867:Elections
1782:OrinoquĂa
1772:Caribbean
1696:Mountains
1653:Geography
1147:from the
1114:Manizales
1110:Chinchiná
1064:from the
828:Geography
793:civil war
731:Civil war
707:president
596:Mariquita
482:Venezuela
398:Civil War
229:Civil War
144:President
128:Granadine
113:Religion
32:1858–1863
2449:Category
2346:Intersex
2251:Folklore
2168:Religion
2136:Abortion
2091:Taxation
2058:Industry
1987:Military
1972:Congress
1909:Control
1850:Politics
1519:Timeline
1503:articles
1499:Colombia
1367:cite web
1269:Archived
1226:See also
1124:Religion
1016:Military
1006:Economic
881:pre-1499
866:Timeline
849:Colombia
838:a series
836:Part of
756:favored
718:Congress
692:Congress
630:Tenerife
618:El Banco
552:Casanare
515:Pamplona
471:Veraguas
463:ChiriquĂ
392:and the
366:Colombia
333:Colombia
253:Currency
2474:74°03′W
2433:Outline
2373:Smoking
2368:Poverty
2286:Theater
2231:Cuisine
2198:Culture
2120:Society
2101:Tourism
2031:Banking
2019:Economy
1777:Insular
1701:Islands
1691:Geology
1686:Climate
1511:History
1198:by the
1168:Jesuits
1153:Vatican
1106:Marmato
1084:Regions
1056:Borders
980:present
768:of the
674:of the
622:Padilla
586:Popayán
556:cantons
548:Tundama
511:Socorro
486:Ecuador
384:History
350:Spanish
227:•
204:•
191:History
103:Capital
80:Spanish
2471:4°39′N
2454:Portal
2333:Issues
2221:Cinema
1977:Police
1767:Andean
1762:Amazon
1706:Rivers
1501:
1166:, the
1074:Brazil
1068:, the
840:on the
815:Bogotá
653:Bogotá
608:Tolima
606:, and
600:Bogotá
469:, and
467:Panamá
459:Azuero
417:centro
374:Brazil
370:Panama
337:Panama
329:Brazil
194:
148:
2440:Index
2378:Crime
2323:Sport
2281:Music
2266:Media
2188:Women
2068:Peso
1679:Flora
1674:Fauna
1253:Notes
1112:near
782:, an
604:Neiva
582:Pasto
578:ChocĂł
564:VĂ©lez
544:Tunja
2351:LGBT
2301:Flag
2146:list
2005:Navy
2000:Army
1373:link
712:The
632:and
584:and
562:and
521:The
513:and
484:and
368:and
344:The
257:Peso
234:1860
221:1853
48:Flag
2216:Art
558:of
415:or
2503::
1369:}}
1365:{{
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610:.
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536:.
419:-
348:(
86:)
78:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
