20:
306:
234:, which is the concave. The most accurate of the reading that could be done here is reduced down to 1 mL due to the given means of measurement on the cylinder. From this, the derived error is one tenth of the least figure. For instance, if the reading is done and the value calculated is set to be 36.5 mL. The error, give or take 0.1 mL, must be included too. Therefore, the more precise value equates to 36.5
173:
142:
Two classes of accuracy exist for graduated cylinders. Class A has double the accuracy of class B. Cylinders can have single or double scales. Single scales allow to read the volume from top to bottom (filling volume) while double scale cylinders allow reading for filling and pouring (reverse scale).
146:
Graduated cylinders are calibrated either “to contain” (indicated liquid volume inside the cylinder) and marked as "TC" or “to deliver” (indicated liquid volume poured out, accounting for liquid traces left in the cylinder) and marked “TD”. Formerly the tolerances for “to deliver” and “to contain”
161:
82:
A traditional graduated cylinder is usually narrow and tall so as to increase the accuracy and precision of volume measurement. It has a plastic or glass base (stand, foot, support) and a "spout" for easy pouring of the measured liquid. An additional version is wide and low.
305:
90:
instead of a spout, so they can be closed with a stopper or connected directly with other elements of a manifold. With this kind of cylinder, the metered liquid does not pour directly, but is often removed using a
209:
is due to the nature of the liquid in a closed surrounded space. By nature, liquid in the cylinder is attracted to the wall around it through molecular forces. This forces the liquid surface to develop either a
205:
To read the volume accurately, the observation must be at an eye level and read at the bottom of a meniscus of the liquid level. The main reason as to why the reading of the volume is done via
127:, should be used, as it is even more accurate and precise. Graduated cylinders are sometimes used to measure the volume of a solid indirectly by measuring the displacement of a liquid.
43:
used to measure the volume of a liquid. It has a narrow cylindrical shape. Each marked line on the graduated cylinder represents the amount of liquid that has been measured.
147:
cylinders are distinct; however now these are the same. Also, the international symbols “IN” and “EX” are more likely to be used instead of “TC” and “TD” respectively.
19:
509:
258:
can be read from the given graduated cylinder picture. Another example, if the reading is done and the value calculated is set to be 40.0 mL. The precise value is 40.0
276:
252:
196:
675:
1904:
1883:
367:
1993:
604:
1519:
436:
107:
Graduated cylinders are often used to measure the volume of a liquid. Graduated cylinders are generally more accurate and precise than
668:
406:
75:; however, autoclaving in excess of about 121 °C (250 °F) (depending on the chemical formulation: typical commercial grade
1580:
575:
474:
1557:
2017:
516:
287:
166:
If the reading is done and the value calculated is set to be 40.0 mL. The precise value would be 40.0 ± 0.1 or 40.1 to 39.9 mL
2012:
1848:
1737:
1078:
661:
79:
melts in excess of 177 °C (351 °F)), can warp or damage polypropylene graduated cylinders, affecting accuracy.
1552:
1628:
1597:
1509:
311:
Two graduated cylinders. A traditional graduated cylinder (A in the image), and mixing cylinders (B in the picture)
1752:
1083:
1154:
95:. A graduated cylinder is meant to be read with the surface of the liquid at eye level, where the center of the
375:
757:
178:
If the reading is done and the value calculated is set to be 36.5 mL. The more precise value equates to 36.5
1587:
1504:
968:
1190:
938:
907:
1180:
1058:
770:
218:
shape, depending on the type of the liquid in the cylinder. Reading the liquid at the bottom part of a
1476:
1136:
978:
343:
40:
1164:
973:
888:
825:
291:
255:
172:
136:
116:
599:
1691:
1674:
1613:
1514:
1438:
1374:
1287:
1108:
139:: 100mL cylinders have 1ml grading divisions while 10mL cylinders have 0.1 mL grading divisions.
124:
112:
99:
shows the measurement line. Typical capacities of graduated cylinders are from 10 mL to 1000 mL.
87:
1959:
1949:
1757:
1747:
1524:
1328:
1318:
1313:
1159:
1073:
1068:
820:
623:
571:
402:
231:
227:
206:
108:
96:
56:
1297:
1262:
1252:
1244:
1219:
1203:
1113:
1020:
923:
815:
631:
613:
160:
120:
92:
540:
1974:
1701:
1567:
1349:
1323:
1098:
993:
261:
237:
181:
485:
1969:
1919:
1809:
1783:
1727:
1684:
1679:
1618:
1277:
1267:
928:
810:
775:
737:
722:
636:
423:"ASTM E1272 - 02(2019) Standard Specification for Laboratory Glass Graduated Cylinders"
2006:
1914:
1793:
1623:
1292:
1229:
893:
727:
322:
76:
68:
52:
23:
Different types of graduated cylinder: 10mL, 25mL, 50mL and 100mL graduated cylinder
1954:
1742:
1706:
1633:
1529:
1499:
1494:
1422:
1257:
1043:
998:
915:
883:
866:
845:
835:
765:
747:
565:
450:
1868:
1696:
1656:
1592:
1575:
1448:
1417:
1402:
1397:
1359:
1234:
1198:
1048:
850:
805:
600:"Laboratory Instrumentation in Clinical Biochemistry: An Historical Perspective"
618:
230:. From the picture, the level of the liquid will be read at the bottom of the
1873:
1863:
1814:
1732:
1544:
1389:
1364:
1224:
1103:
1063:
1033:
988:
983:
963:
933:
830:
732:
684:
627:
1964:
1762:
1412:
1025:
840:
800:
742:
135:
For accuracy the volume on graduated cylinders is depicted on scales with 3
72:
422:
219:
215:
1909:
1788:
1778:
1534:
1443:
1407:
1088:
1038:
223:
211:
1929:
1924:
1722:
1379:
1354:
1344:
1272:
1093:
1053:
653:
60:
368:"Elemental Scientific, LLC - Science supplies & educational Items"
1282:
1899:
1878:
64:
18:
1453:
752:
1835:
1654:
1474:
1134:
695:
657:
564:
Robinson, Michael; Robinson, Mike; Taylor, Mike (2002-01-01).
397:
Pradyot
Patnaik (2003). "Specifications for volumetric ware".
598:
Olukoga, A O; Bolodeoku, J; Donaldson, D (October 1997).
286:
The graduated cylinder was first introduced in 1784 by
264:
240:
184:
399:
Dean's
Handbook of Analytical Chemistry, 2nd Edition
1942:
1892:
1846:
1802:
1771:
1715:
1667:
1606:
1566:
1543:
1487:
1431:
1388:
1337:
1306:
1243:
1212:
1189:
1173:
1147:
1013:
947:
859:
784:
706:
59:for its transparency, making them lighter and less
270:
246:
226:liquid is equivalent to reading the liquid at its
190:
510:"Volume Measurements with a Graduated Cylinder"
51:Large graduated cylinders are usually made of
669:
254:0.1; 36.4 or 36.6 mL. Therefore, there are 3
16:Laboratory equipment to measure liquid volume
8:
1629:Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) instrument
1856:
1843:
1832:
1664:
1651:
1484:
1471:
1144:
1131:
703:
692:
676:
662:
654:
635:
617:
263:
239:
183:
115:, but they should not be used to perform
55:for its excellent chemical resistance or
1994:Instruments used in medical laboratories
605:Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine
1510:Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) device
335:
301:
1558:Transmission electron microscope (TEM)
7:
344:"Graduated Cylinders - SPI Supplies"
541:"Math Skills - Scientific Notation"
325:, a similar device used for cooking
1553:Scanning electron microscope (SEM)
119:; volumetric glassware, such as a
14:
437:"Graduated Cylinders Information"
1598:Thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA)
1408:Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)
304:
171:
159:
288:Louis Bernard Guyton de Morveau
1:
567:Maths for Advanced Chemistry
372:www.elementalscientific.net
71:(PP) is easy to repeatedly
2034:
619:10.1177/014107689709001013
198:0.5 mL or 36.0 to 37.0 mL.
1991:
1859:
1842:
1831:
1753:Time-domain reflectometer
1663:
1650:
1520:Liquid chromatograph (LC)
1483:
1470:
1143:
1130:
702:
691:
1588:Melting-point apparatus
969:Cryogenic storage dewar
222:or the top part of the
47:Materials and structure
39:, is a common piece of
2018:Volumetric instruments
1525:Mass spectrometer (MS)
1515:Gas chromatograph (GC)
278:0.1; 40.1 or 39.9 mL.
272:
248:
192:
86:Mixing cylinders have
24:
1900:Acid-resistant gloves
1581:differential scanning
451:"Graduated Cylinders"
273:
249:
193:
22:
2013:Laboratory glassware
1477:Analytical chemistry
979:Laminar flow cabinet
685:Laboratory equipment
475:"graduated cylinder"
271:{\displaystyle \pm }
262:
247:{\displaystyle \pm }
238:
191:{\displaystyle \pm }
182:
41:laboratory equipment
1849:Personal protective
758:Meker–Fisher burner
292:volumetric analysis
256:significant figures
131:Scales and accuracy
117:volumetric analysis
88:ground glass joints
1692:Function generator
1675:Bench power supply
1614:Analytical balance
1375:Ostwald viscometer
1370:Graduated cylinder
1109:Inoculation needle
570:. Nelson Thornes.
268:
244:
188:
137:significant digits
125:volumetric pipette
33:measuring cylinder
31:, also known as a
29:graduated cylinder
25:
2000:
1999:
1987:
1986:
1983:
1982:
1960:Fire extinguisher
1950:Biosafety cabinet
1938:
1937:
1827:
1826:
1823:
1822:
1758:Transistor tester
1748:Spectrum analyzer
1646:
1645:
1642:
1641:
1466:
1465:
1462:
1461:
1338:Measuring devices
1160:Soxhlet extractor
1126:
1125:
1122:
1121:
1074:Spectrophotometer
1069:Pipeclay triangle
821:Mortar and pestle
545:www.chem.tamu.edu
109:laboratory flasks
57:polymethylpentene
2025:
1857:
1844:
1833:
1738:Network analyzer
1665:
1652:
1485:
1472:
1145:
1132:
1114:Inoculation loop
984:Microtiter plate
924:Test tube holder
816:Magnetic stirrer
704:
693:
678:
671:
664:
655:
648:
647:
645:
644:
639:
621:
595:
589:
588:
586:
584:
561:
555:
554:
552:
551:
537:
531:
530:
528:
527:
521:
515:. Archived from
514:
506:
500:
499:
497:
496:
490:
484:. Archived from
479:
471:
465:
464:
462:
461:
447:
441:
440:
433:
427:
426:
419:
413:
412:
394:
388:
387:
385:
383:
374:. Archived from
364:
358:
357:
355:
354:
340:
308:
277:
275:
274:
269:
253:
251:
250:
245:
197:
195:
194:
189:
175:
163:
121:volumetric flask
2033:
2032:
2028:
2027:
2026:
2024:
2023:
2022:
2003:
2002:
2001:
1996:
1979:
1975:Solvent cabinet
1934:
1905:Eyewash station
1888:
1853:
1851:equipment (PPE)
1850:
1838:
1819:
1798:
1767:
1711:
1702:Pulse generator
1668:Control devices
1659:
1638:
1602:
1568:Thermochemistry
1562:
1539:
1479:
1458:
1427:
1384:
1350:Conical measure
1333:
1302:
1239:
1208:
1185:
1169:
1139:
1118:
1099:Test tube brush
1009:
994:Picotiter plate
957:
943:
939:Lab drying rack
898:Extension clamp
874:
855:
794:
780:
716:
698:
687:
682:
652:
651:
642:
640:
612:(10): 570–577.
597:
596:
592:
582:
580:
578:
563:
562:
558:
549:
547:
539:
538:
534:
525:
523:
519:
512:
508:
507:
503:
494:
492:
488:
477:
473:
472:
468:
459:
457:
449:
448:
444:
435:
434:
430:
421:
420:
416:
409:
401:. McGraw-Hill.
396:
395:
391:
381:
379:
366:
365:
361:
352:
350:
342:
341:
337:
332:
319:
312:
309:
300:
284:
260:
259:
236:
235:
203:
202:
201:
200:
199:
180:
179:
176:
168:
167:
164:
153:
133:
105:
49:
37:mixing cylinder
17:
12:
11:
5:
2031:
2029:
2021:
2020:
2015:
2005:
2004:
1998:
1997:
1992:
1989:
1988:
1985:
1984:
1981:
1980:
1978:
1977:
1972:
1970:Safety cabinet
1967:
1962:
1957:
1952:
1946:
1944:
1940:
1939:
1936:
1935:
1933:
1932:
1930:Safety goggles
1927:
1925:Safety glasses
1922:
1920:Nitrile gloves
1917:
1915:Medical gloves
1912:
1907:
1902:
1896:
1894:
1890:
1889:
1887:
1886:
1881:
1876:
1871:
1866:
1860:
1854:
1847:
1840:
1839:
1836:
1829:
1828:
1825:
1824:
1821:
1820:
1818:
1817:
1812:
1810:Alligator clip
1806:
1804:
1800:
1799:
1797:
1796:
1791:
1786:
1784:Soldering iron
1781:
1775:
1773:
1769:
1768:
1766:
1765:
1760:
1755:
1750:
1745:
1740:
1735:
1730:
1728:Logic analyzer
1725:
1719:
1717:
1713:
1712:
1710:
1709:
1704:
1699:
1694:
1689:
1688:
1687:
1685:Voltage source
1682:
1680:Current source
1671:
1669:
1661:
1660:
1655:
1648:
1647:
1644:
1643:
1640:
1639:
1637:
1636:
1631:
1626:
1621:
1619:Colony counter
1616:
1610:
1608:
1604:
1603:
1601:
1600:
1595:
1590:
1585:
1584:
1583:
1572:
1570:
1564:
1563:
1561:
1560:
1555:
1549:
1547:
1541:
1540:
1538:
1537:
1532:
1527:
1522:
1517:
1512:
1507:
1502:
1497:
1491:
1489:
1481:
1480:
1475:
1468:
1467:
1464:
1463:
1460:
1459:
1457:
1456:
1451:
1446:
1441:
1435:
1433:
1429:
1428:
1426:
1425:
1420:
1415:
1410:
1405:
1400:
1394:
1392:
1386:
1385:
1383:
1382:
1377:
1372:
1367:
1362:
1357:
1352:
1347:
1341:
1339:
1335:
1334:
1332:
1331:
1326:
1321:
1316:
1310:
1308:
1304:
1303:
1301:
1300:
1295:
1290:
1285:
1280:
1275:
1270:
1265:
1260:
1258:Vacuum (Dewar)
1255:
1249:
1247:
1241:
1240:
1238:
1237:
1232:
1227:
1222:
1216:
1214:
1210:
1209:
1207:
1206:
1201:
1195:
1193:
1187:
1186:
1184:
1183:
1177:
1175:
1171:
1170:
1168:
1167:
1162:
1157:
1151:
1149:
1141:
1140:
1135:
1128:
1127:
1124:
1123:
1120:
1119:
1117:
1116:
1111:
1106:
1101:
1096:
1091:
1086:
1081:
1076:
1071:
1066:
1061:
1056:
1051:
1046:
1041:
1036:
1031:
1028:
1023:
1017:
1015:
1011:
1010:
1008:
1007:
1004:
1001:
996:
991:
986:
981:
976:
971:
966:
960:
958:
956:
955:
952:
948:
945:
944:
942:
941:
936:
931:
929:Test tube rack
926:
921:
918:
913:
910:
905:
904:Funnel support
902:
899:
896:
891:
886:
881:
877:
875:
873:
872:
869:
864:
860:
857:
856:
854:
853:
848:
843:
838:
833:
828:
823:
818:
813:
811:Liquid whistle
808:
803:
797:
795:
793:
792:
789:
785:
782:
781:
779:
778:
776:Vacuum dry box
773:
768:
763:
760:
755:
750:
745:
740:
738:Heating mantle
735:
730:
725:
723:Alcohol burner
719:
717:
715:
714:
711:
707:
700:
699:
696:
689:
688:
683:
681:
680:
673:
666:
658:
650:
649:
590:
576:
556:
532:
501:
466:
442:
428:
414:
408:978-0071410601
407:
389:
378:on 20 May 2018
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104:
101:
48:
45:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2030:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2010:
2008:
1995:
1990:
1976:
1973:
1971:
1968:
1966:
1963:
1961:
1958:
1956:
1953:
1951:
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1947:
1945:
1941:
1931:
1928:
1926:
1923:
1921:
1918:
1916:
1913:
1911:
1908:
1906:
1903:
1901:
1898:
1897:
1895:
1891:
1885:
1884:Safety shower
1882:
1880:
1877:
1875:
1872:
1870:
1867:
1865:
1862:
1861:
1858:
1855:
1852:
1845:
1841:
1834:
1830:
1816:
1813:
1811:
1808:
1807:
1805:
1801:
1795:
1794:Wire stripper
1792:
1790:
1787:
1785:
1782:
1780:
1777:
1776:
1774:
1770:
1764:
1761:
1759:
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1683:
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1678:
1677:
1676:
1673:
1672:
1670:
1666:
1662:
1658:
1653:
1649:
1635:
1632:
1630:
1627:
1625:
1624:Spiral plater
1622:
1620:
1617:
1615:
1612:
1611:
1609:
1605:
1599:
1596:
1594:
1591:
1589:
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1578:
1577:
1574:
1573:
1571:
1569:
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1551:
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1546:
1542:
1536:
1533:
1531:
1528:
1526:
1523:
1521:
1518:
1516:
1513:
1511:
1508:
1506:
1503:
1501:
1498:
1496:
1493:
1492:
1490:
1488:Compositional
1486:
1482:
1478:
1473:
1469:
1455:
1452:
1450:
1447:
1445:
1442:
1440:
1437:
1436:
1434:
1430:
1424:
1421:
1419:
1416:
1414:
1411:
1409:
1406:
1404:
1401:
1399:
1396:
1395:
1393:
1391:
1387:
1381:
1378:
1376:
1373:
1371:
1368:
1366:
1363:
1361:
1358:
1356:
1353:
1351:
1348:
1346:
1343:
1342:
1340:
1336:
1330:
1327:
1325:
1322:
1320:
1317:
1315:
1312:
1311:
1309:
1305:
1299:
1296:
1294:
1291:
1289:
1286:
1284:
1281:
1279:
1276:
1274:
1271:
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1030:Balance brush
1029:
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1006:Weighing dish
1005:
1003:Weighing boat
1002:
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894:Burette clamp
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728:Bunsen burner
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577:9780748765829
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522:on 2016-02-16
518:
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491:on 2015-06-26
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323:Measuring cup
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69:Polypropylene
66:
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53:polypropylene
46:
44:
42:
38:
34:
30:
21:
1955:Fire blanket
1893:Eye and hand
1879:Rubber apron
1743:Oscilloscope
1707:Potentiostat
1634:Plate reader
1530:pH indicator
1500:CHN analyzer
1495:AutoAnalyzer
1369:
1288:Round-bottom
1181:Boston round
1044:Filter paper
999:Refrigerator
916:Retort stand
884:Clamp holder
880:Beaker clamp
846:Vortex mixer
841:Stirring rod
836:Static mixer
766:Teclu burner
641:. Retrieved
609:
603:
593:
581:. Retrieved
566:
559:
548:. Retrieved
544:
535:
524:. Retrieved
517:the original
504:
493:. Retrieved
486:the original
481:
469:
458:. Retrieved
454:
445:
431:
417:
398:
392:
380:. Retrieved
376:the original
371:
362:
351:. Retrieved
348:www.2spi.com
347:
338:
285:
204:
145:
141:
134:
106:
85:
81:
50:
36:
32:
28:
26:
1943:Other items
1869:Face shield
1716:Measurement
1697:Galvanostat
1657:Electronics
1607:Other items
1593:Thermometer
1576:Calorimeter
1505:Colorimeter
1449:Gas syringe
1432:Other items
1360:Eye dropper
1235:Watch glass
1220:Evaporating
1199:Cold finger
1014:Other items
920:Screw clamp
912:Pinch clamp
901:Flask clamp
851:Wash bottle
806:Homogenizer
151:Measurement
103:Common uses
2007:Categories
1874:Respirator
1815:Test probe
1733:Multimeter
1545:Microscopy
1365:Eudiometer
1329:Separatory
1298:Volumetric
1263:Erlenmeyer
1191:Condensers
1155:Dean–Stark
1104:Wire brush
1064:Microscope
1059:Centrifuge
1034:Cork borer
989:Petri dish
964:Agar plate
951:Containers
934:Wire gauze
771:Water bath
733:Desiccator
643:2023-03-09
550:2016-02-12
526:2016-02-04
495:2015-06-25
482:ohlone.edu
460:2016-02-23
353:2020-02-20
330:References
1965:Fume hood
1910:Glove box
1763:Voltmeter
1148:Apparatus
1137:Glassware
1026:Autoclave
1021:Aspirator
974:Incubator
908:Iron ring
831:Sonicator
801:Chemostat
743:Hot plate
628:0141-0768
455:sizes.com
266:±
242:±
186:±
73:autoclave
1864:Lab coat
1789:Tweezers
1779:Heat gun
1535:pH meter
1444:Bell jar
1324:Dropping
1278:Florence
1268:Fernbach
1230:Syracuse
1089:Scoopula
1039:Crucible
748:Lab oven
583:15 March
317:See also
232:meniscus
228:meniscus
207:meniscus
97:meniscus
1803:General
1723:Ammeter
1423:Thistle
1380:Pipette
1355:Cuvette
1345:Burette
1314:BĂĽchner
1307:Funnels
1293:Schlenk
1273:Fleaker
1253:BĂĽchner
1174:Bottles
1094:Spatula
1084:Stopper
1054:Forceps
954:Storage
871:Holders
791:Shakers
762:Striker
710:Heaters
697:General
637:1296603
298:Gallery
282:History
220:concave
216:concave
113:beakers
93:Cannula
61:fragile
1837:Safety
1439:Beaker
1418:Thiele
1403:Cragie
1398:Drying
1319:Hirsch
1283:Retort
1245:Flasks
1213:Dishes
1204:Liebig
1165:Kipp's
1079:Splint
889:Tripod
867:Clamps
863:Stands
826:Shaker
788:Mixers
713:Dryers
634:
626:
574:
405:
382:20 Feb
224:convex
212:convex
1772:Tools
1390:Tubes
1225:Petri
520:(PDF)
513:(PDF)
489:(PDF)
478:(PDF)
65:glass
63:than
1454:Vial
1413:Test
1049:File
753:Kiln
624:ISSN
585:2016
572:ISBN
403:ISBN
384:2020
111:and
632:PMC
614:doi
214:or
123:or
35:or
2009::
630:.
622:.
610:90
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67:.
27:A
677:e
670:t
663:v
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386:.
356:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
