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money for the construction the now famous Sydney Opera House. This was a considerable amount of money in 1960, when it was customary to publish the names and addresses of lottery winners in the
Newspapers. The crime is regarded as one of the most infamous in Australia's history because it was the country's first well known abduction involving a young child for ransom, unthinkable during an era in Australia when, "people didn't bother to lock their doors at night before going to bed". The events of the case generated widespread public shock and ignited significant attention and societal outrage. and was the country's first well known kidnap for ransom. The police investigation leading to the capture and conviction of his kidnapper and murderer, a Hungarian immigrant named Stephen Lesley Bradley, is considered to be a pioneering and sophisticated example of advanced modern
401:, where he worked as a hospital orderly and was kept protected from other prisoners. His wife and children returned to Europe, and Magda Bradley divorced him in 1965. On 6 October 1968 Bradley died in prison of a heart attack at the age of 42, while playing in the gaol tennis competition, and was buried in the Catholic section of Goulburn cemetery. Regarding the crime, "Bradley never showed any remorse whatsoever". The Thornes, meanwhile, moved to
283:, 1.5 km from where the body was found. Police visited the house on Monday 3 October and learnt that it had been occupied by a Hungarian immigrant named Stephen Bradley. Bradley had also owned an iridescent blue 1955 Ford Customline (registration number AYO-382), had a Pekingese as a family pet and his wife had dyed blonde hair. However, Bradley and his family had vacated the house on 7 July for a rented flat at 49 Osborne Street in
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the boot and breathing the air for seven hours. Bradley's wife was also brought in from London to testify, but there was no clear evidence of her involvement. The high-profile trial for murder lasted nine days, and
Bradley was sentenced to penal servitude for life, the maximum penalty provided in New South Wales for murder. A later Court of Criminal Appeal hearing was dismissed unanimously on 22 May 1961.
390:, "marked an end of innocence in Australian life". Lottery procedures in Australia were changed after the Thorne case, with winners being given the option of remaining anonymous. The case also proved pivotal to the development of forensic science and new kidnapping laws in Australia. Kidnapping for ransom was seen as a primarily American phenomenon, most notably in the
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blanket, and tucked into a ledge, the boy had been tied with string, gagged with a scarf and was still wearing his school uniform. The blanket containing the body had been there for some time; two local children had known about it, but the discovery was only made when mentioned to their parents around 7:00 p.m. that day.
228:-type sedan with the number plate on the front missing. The group purchased fuel and, as their vehicle left, the owners managed to sight the rear number plate. When the vehicle was spotted by an off-duty police officer following day, it sped off. Checks revealed that the number was registered to a different vehicle.
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and making the first ransom call. Arriving at his home in nearby
Clontarf, he rechecked the boy, but at around 3:00 p.m. when he checked again, he claimed that Thorne had apparently suffocated in the back of his car. Forensic experts soon disproved this by connecting a breathing mask to the inside of
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double-parked on the corner of
Francis and Wellington streets, near where Thorne was usually picked up for school. Checking more than 270,000 registration records, police established that there were 5,000 vehicles matching this general description. Assuming the car had been either borrowed or stolen,
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Investigators, with the collaboration of Sydney's underworld, followed other pieces of evidence. On
Tuesday 14 June a foreign man, acting as an investigator, had called at the Thornes' residence seeking a "Mr Bognor" while also asking Thorne's mother to confirm their as-yet unlisted telephone number.
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At 9:47 p.m. the kidnapper phoned again, but the telephone was answered by a different police officer (also pretending to be Thorne's father), who stalled for time to allow for a phone trace to happen. The kidnapper started to give instructions that the money was to be put in two paper bags, but then
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At 9:40 a.m., seventy minutes after Thorne had left for school, a man with a noticeable foreign accent telephoned the Thorne household. Sergeant Larry O'Shea of the Bondi police had already arrived around 9:30, and took the telephone from Freda Thorne, pretending to be his father (who was out of town
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On the morning of 7 July, five weeks after the lottery win, Thorne left for school as usual at 8:30 a.m., but when Smith came to collect him at 8:40, he was nowhere to be seen. Smith drove to the
Thornes' home to find out if he was going to school. Surprised, Thorne's mother confirmed that he was and
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was an eight year old
Australian boy, who was kidnapped and murdered in 1960. A month before the kidnapping, his parents, Bazil and Freda Thorne, who lived in a modest rented flat in the Sydney beachside suburb of Bondi, had won £100,000 in the newly conceived Opera House Lottery, designed to raise
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to
Stephen Leslie Bradley in August 1956. In 1958 he married a third time to Magda Wittman, a divorcée with two children. Feeling pressure to care for his expanded family, he was forced to work at a number of different jobs as their savings dwindled. He was then possibly inspired by the April 1960
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Police then searched for a house with a blue car, pink mortar and with the two species of tree growing in the yard. Although cypresses could be found growing in many people's yards, the combination of the two together was rare. Following a tip-off from a postman, a house was identified at 28 Moore
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on business). The kidnapper stated: "I have your boy. I want £25,000 before five o’clock this afternoon. I’m not fooling. If I don’t get the money before five o’clock, I’ll feed the boy to the sharks." O'Shea expressed doubt as to his ability to get hold of such a large sum of money, being unaware
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On
Tuesday 16 August, nearly six weeks after the kidnapping and 1.5 km from where the school case was found, Thorne's body was finally discovered hidden on vacant land in Grandview Grove, Seaforth, and identified at the City Morgue by his father the next day. Wrapped in a blue tartan picnic
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3.1 million in 2021 values) for
Lottery 10 was won by Bazil Thorne (ticket 3932) in the lottery drawn on Wednesday 1 June 1960. As there was no real conception of the need for privacy for lottery winners at that time, and also for the sake of transparency, images and private details of lottery
275:). Examination established that Thorne had been murdered within twenty-four hours of the kidnapping, and dumped soon afterwards. In addition, soil scrapings from the body and the blanket showed tiny fragments of pink limestock mortar, revealing that his body had been stored under a house.
265:, along with Pekingese and blonde human hair. Examination of the body showed cuts and abrasions and internal trauma, and it was clear that the boy had died from either asphyxiation, a skull fracture or a combination of the two. Forensic experts (including from the School of Agriculture,
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In court, Bradley pleaded not guilty to murder but was identified as the man seen by witnesses (including by Freda Thorne). He admitted the kidnapping, providing details of how he posed as a driver and fabricated a tale to persuade Thorne into his car that day. Taking him west to
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Forensic examination of the blanket showed it to be No. 0639 (of 3,000) which had been manufactured at Onkaparinga Mills in South Australia, between 6 June 1955 and 19 January 1956. It had been sold in Melbourne to a friend of Bradley's wife as a gift. Also, two tree types
328:] pick him up, and take him to the school. On the day we moved from Clontarf I went out to Edward Street. I parked the car in a street I don’t know the name of the street it is off Wellington Street. I have got out from the car, and I waited on the cornor [
314:, on Monday 10 October, two Sydney policemen, Sergeants Brian Doyle and Jack Bateman, were waiting for Bradley. After five weeks of legal wrangling, Bradley was extradited to Australia on 18 November 1960, allegedly making an oral confession to Bateman just before the
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322:"I went out and watched the Thorne boy leaving the house and seen him for about three mornings and I have seen where he went. And one morning I have followed him to the school at Bellevue Hill. One or two mornings I have seen a womman [
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on 28 March 1950. A divorcée since 1948, Bradley had remarried in 1952 and had a child with Eva Maria Lazlo in Melbourne, living with her until her death in a car accident on 26 February 1955. Baranyay later anglicised and changed his name by
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On 11 July, Thorne's school cap and the contents of the case were found nearby. Soon after the discovery, an official reward of £5,000 was declared, and another £15,000 was offered by two newspapers, leading to a number of hoax calls.
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The Thorne family consisted of Bazil, his wife Freda, older daughter Cheryl (who had been institutionalised), son Graeme (8) and younger daughter Belinda (3). They lived at 79 Edward Street, a rented house in the Sydney suburb of
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161:. Thorne's morning routine was to wait at the corner of Wellington and O'Brien streets, a walk of approximately 300 metres, where a family friend, Phyllis Smith, would pick him up and take him to school with her sons.
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A similar looking man had also been seen numerous times by multiple witnesses in the park opposite the house. Also, at 8:20 a.m. on the morning of the kidnapping, some witnesses had seen an iridescent blue 1955
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there had reported that they saw the group with the boy pulling into the petrol station in a dark-coloured vehicle at about 10 pm on 7 July. The owners had described the vehicle as a dark-coloured
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1292:"Kirby, Michael --- "Forensic Evidence: Instrument of Truth or Potential for Miscarriage?" [2010] JlLawInfoSci 2; (2010) 20(1) Journal of Law, Information and Science 1"
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209:, and at 8:30 p.m. a public appeal was made on television from Bondi police station by NSW Police Commissioner Colin Delaney, then briefly by an emotional Bazil Thorne.
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The police had been busy during the first day of the kidnapping, conducting a concentrated search near the Thorne house in Bondi. News of the kidnapping soon leaked to
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flight landed in Sydney. The next day at 10:00 a.m., Bradley signed a written confession in English (although he later retracted it), part of which states:
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The next evening, on Friday 8 July, the focus of the investigation moved to Sydney's north-eastern suburbs, when Thorne's school case was found near
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Examination of Bradley's past revealed that he had been born Istvan Baranyay in Budapest on 15 March 1926 and, having survived World War II and the
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that the Thornes had recently won the lottery. The caller then said that he would call back at 5:00 p.m. with more details, and hung up.
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News surrounding the case led to an overwhelming sense of public shock, disbelief and anger which, alongside later events such as the
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officers interviewed owners, including Bradley on 24 August, about car use at that time, but he denied having been in Bondi that day.
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winners were published on the front pages of Sydney newspapers. It was also revealed that the prize would be paid by Thursday 7 July.
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wondered if he might have arrived at the school by some other means. Smith drove to the school,
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season 1 episode "Kid for Ransom" aired in 2005. In 2008, a children's detective book titled
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1153:"This Is The Man Who Killed My Boy" OUTBURST BY MOTHER AS BRADLEY MURDER TRIAL OPENS"
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The trial at the Central Criminal Court in Sydney began on Monday 20 March 1961.
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True Crime – In Sight Podcast – Episode # 041 : Graeme Thorne – Documentary
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Interview: Mark Tedeschi QC, New South Wales Senior Crown Prosecutor and author
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Interview: Mark Tedeschi QC, New South Wales Senior Crown Prosecutor and author
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1186:"EVIDENCE IN THORNE KIDNAP-MURDER CHARGE POLICE STORY OF FIND AT BRADLEY HOME"
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722:"The End Of Innocence: The 1960s Crime That Changed The Lives of Aussie Kids"
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1426:. Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University.
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Bradley Extradition Hearing (Continued):Court hushed as Mrs Thorne called
405:. Bazil Thorne died in December 1978. Freda Thorne died in 2012 aged 86.
261:) that were not present at the vacant lot where the body was found were
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782:
Forensic Science: An Encyclopedia of History, Methods, and Techniques
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Tilstone, William J.; Savage, Kathleen A.; Clark, Leigh A. (2006).
394:. Prior to the Thorne case, such events were unknown in Australia.
517:"Articles – Australian Police Journal | Australian Police Journal"
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initiated numerous Opera House lotteries to help raise money. The
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813:. contact=Media Office, Information Department. 30 October 2015
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hung up abruptly without providing further instructions.
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Garton, Stephen. "Bradley, Stephen Leslie (1926–1968)".
1263:"Graeme Thorne "Died Violent Death", Doctor Tells Court"
1238:"The Sydney Morning Herald - Google News Archive Search"
912:"The Sydney Morning Herald - Google News Archive Search"
654:"Case 75: Graeme Thorne – Casefile: True Crime Podcast"
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Peugeot ransom case in Paris to attempt the abduction.
1383:"Police Culture in New South Wales in the 1960s-70s"
693:"'I have your boy. I want £25,000 before 5 o'clock'"
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1323:. Archived from the original on 2 September 2016
1580:The Giant Book of Crimes that Shocked Australia
435:QC was published in 2015, and in January 2018,
1441:"Graeme Thorne – 1960 | Criminal Encyclopedia"
994:"The tiny clue that nailed a child's murderer"
888:"The tiny clue that nailed a child's murderer"
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1490:Kidnapping file : the Graeme Thorne case
570:"'Kid for Ransom – The Graeme Thorne Case'".
547:, 20 October 1960. Retrieved 27 February 2014
27:1960 murder of Australian child Graeme Thorne
8:
1217:"Insight into child kidnap and ransom case"
1072:"REPORT KIDNAPPED BOY SEEN AT PENNANTHILLS"
970:True Crime – In Sight (27 September 2017),
441:featured the Thorne kidnapping in Case 75.
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140:having proved increasingly expensive, the
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2027:People educated at Scots College (Sydney)
573:Crime Investigation Australia (TV series)
1631:(ABC Australia, 2 November 2015, video)
1076:Canberra Times (ACT : 1926 - 1995)
720:Charleston, Libby-Jane (5 March 2016).
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421:Kidnapping File: the Thorne Thorne Case
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1423:Australian Dictionary of Biography
755:Alberici, Emma (2 November 2015),
604:Tedeschi, Mark (24 October 2015).
351:, had arrived in Melbourne aboard
83:Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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2012:Missing person cases in Australia
1802:Indigenous Australians and crime
1123:"Case that stole our innocence"
1102:"Case that stole our innocence"
48:A family photo of Graeme Thorne
1925:List of massacres in Australia
58:Graeme Frederick Hilton Thorne
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2002:Kidnapped Australian children
1997:July 1960 events in Australia
1468:. 7 December 1978. p. 20
416:Crime Investigation Australia
1269:. 7 December 1960. p. 1
1192:. 18 October 1960. p. 1
128:by world standards in 1960.
1592:Whiticker, Alan J. (2005).
1466:"The Sydney Morning Herald"
438:Casefile True Crime Podcast
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1596:. New Holland Publishers.
1361:www.fairfaxsyndication.com
1159:. 21 March 1961. p. 1
142:New South Wales government
2032:People murdered in Sydney
2017:Child murder in Australia
1982:1960 murders in Australia
1341:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
811:Reserve Bank of Australia
610:The Sydney Morning Herald
94:Seaforth, New South Wales
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1972:1960s in New South Wales
1610:. Simon & Schuster.
1544:Archibald, Bill (1961).
1078:. 9 July 1960. p. 1
279:Street in the suburb of
18:Graeme Thorne kidnapping
2007:Kidnapping in Australia
1987:Formerly missing people
1564:Jenkings, Bill (1992).
1487:Howard, Amanda (2008).
1321:www.robinsonlibrary.com
456:Murder of Allen Redston
334:], untill [
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1606:Tedeschi, Mark (2015)
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864:"The lotto kidnapping"
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807:"Inflation Calculator"
388:Beaumont disappearance
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1934:Crime internationally
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1578:Sharpe, Alan (1994).
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545:Sydney Morning Herald
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298:Extradition and trial
1582:. The Book Company.
1566:As Crimes Goes By...
1550:Dower, Alan (1979).
1317:"Peugeot Kidnapping"
576:. 27 November 2007.
392:Lindbergh kidnapping
267:University of Sydney
80:7 July 1960 (aged 8)
1024:. 20 September 2015
1022:Sydney Crime Museum
658:casefilepodcast.com
451:List of kidnappings
384:Wanda Beach Murders
1666:Crime in Australia
1568:. Ironbark Press.
1445:justcriminals.info
1296:www.austlii.edu.au
660:. 28 January 2018.
349:communist takeover
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103:Nationality
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71:, Australia
1956:Categories
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1782:Corruption
1106:Herald Sun
462:References
306:docked at
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106:Australian
1756:Melbourne
1608:Kidnapped
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1908:History
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