3193:(in Dutch): "In de jaren zeventig verschenen enkele strips die zichzelf aanprezen als 'graphic novel', onder hen bevond zich 'A Contract With God' van Eisner, een verzameling korte strips in een volwassen, literaire stijl. Vanaf die tijd wordt de term gebruikt om het verschil aan te geven tussen 'gewone' strips, bedoeld ter algemeen vermaak, en strips met een meer literaire pretentie". / "In the 1970s, several comics that billed themselves as 'graphic novels' appeared, including Eisner's 'A Contract With God', a collection of short comics in a mature, literary style. From that time on, the term has been used to indicate the difference between 'regular' comics, intended for general entertainment, and comics with a more literary pretension".
1462:
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2387:... L'ouvrage n'a jamais été publié, Caran d'Ache l'ayant laissé inachevé pour une raison inconnue. Mais ... puisque ce sont près d'une centaine de pages complètes (format H 20,4 x 12,5 cm) qui figurent dans le lot proposé au musée. / ... cartoonist Emmanuel Poiré, better known under the pseudonym Caran d'Ache (1858-1909). He was speaking in a letter July 20, 1894, to the editor of
58:
5140:
674:, and was first published in English translation in 1841 by London's Tilt & Bogue, which used an 1833 Paris pirate edition. The first American edition was published in 1842 by Wilson & Company in New York City using the original printing plates from the 1841 edition. Another early predecessor is
1435:
One scholar used graphic novels to introduce the concept of graphiation, the theory that the entire personality of an artist is visible through his or her visual representation of a certain character, setting, event, or object in a novel, and can work as a means to examine and analyze drawing style.
1776:
It's a marketing term... that I never had any sympathy with. The term 'comic' does just as well for me ... The problem is that 'graphic novel' just came to mean 'expensive comic book' and so what you'd get is people like DC Comics or Marvel Comics—because 'graphic novels' were getting some
1793:
It's a perfect time to retire terms like "graphic novel" and "sequential art", which piggyback on the language of other, wholly separate mediums. What's more, both terms have their roots in the need to dissemble and justify, thus both exude a sense of desperation, a gnawing hunger to be
1457:
magazine website in 2003, which said in its correction: "Eisner acknowledges that the term 'graphic novel' had been coined prior to his book. But, he says, 'I had not known at the time that someone had used that term before'. Nor does he take credit for creating the first graphic book".
1813:, responding to a claim that he does not write comic books but graphic novels, said the commenter "meant it as a compliment, I suppose. But all of a sudden I felt like someone who'd been informed that she wasn't actually a hooker; that in fact she was a lady of the evening".
1686:
led to the popularization of the expression "graphic novel" as well. Until then, most
European countries used neutral, descriptive terminology that referred to the form of the medium, not the contents or the publishing form. In Francophone Europe for example, the expression
1830:
said: "I kind of like that answer. Because 'graphic novel' ... I don't like that name. It's trying too hard. It is a comic book. But there is a difference. And the difference is, a graphic novel is a novel in the sense that there is a beginning, a middle and an end".
950:#130–146, although published serially from 1965 to 1966, is "the first American graphic novel". Similarly, critic Jason Sacks referred to the 13-issue "Panther's Rage"—comics' first-known titled, self-contained, multi-issue story arc—that ran from 1973 to 1975 in the
1665:
in which Moore notes he "set out to explore, amongst other things, the dynamics of power in a post-Hiroshima world". These works and others were reviewed in newspapers and magazines, leading to increased coverage. Sales of graphic novels increased, with
1344:
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was published in 1978 by a smaller company, Baronet Press, it took Eisner over a year to find a publishing house that would allow his work to reach the mass market. In its introduction, Eisner cited Lynd Ward's 1930s woodcuts as an inspiration.
692:
and started work on a 360-page wordless book (which was never published). In the United States, there is a long tradition of reissuing previously published comic strips in book form. In 1897, the Hearst
Syndicate published such a collection of
602:
as graphic novels (similar to the manner in which dramatic stories are included in "comic" books). The term is also sometimes used to distinguish between works created as standalone stories, in contrast to collections or compilations of a
1289:" of United States comic-book shops — was called a "graphic album" by the author in interviews, though the publisher dubbed it a "comic novel" on its credits page. "Graphic album" was also the term used the following year by
3253:(March 1989). "Another World of Comics & From Europe with Love: An Interview with Catalan's Outspoken Bernd Metz" & "Approaching Euro-Comics: A Comprehensive Guide to the Brave New World of European Graphic Albums".
1114:
1841:
said: "To call them graphic novels is to presume that the novel is in some way 'higher' than the karmicbwurk (comic book), and that only by being thought of as a sort of novel can it be understood as an art form".
1735:
American comic critics have occasionally referred to
European graphic novels as "Euro-comics", and attempts were made in the late 1980s to cross-fertilize the American market with these works. American publishers
4999:
2391:... The book was never published, Caran d'Ache having left it unfinished for unknown reasons. But ... almost a hundred full pages (format 20.4 x H 12.5 cm) are contained in the lot proposed for the museum.
1007:". Updike offered examples of new areas of exploration for novelists, declaring he saw "no intrinsic reason why a doubly talented artist might not arise and create a comic strip novel masterpiece".
3222:("serialized images") has, unlike its Spanish counterpart, become obsolete. The term "comic" is used in some other European countries as well, but often exclusively to refer to the standard
4813:
3328:
3299:
2383:... le caricaturiste Emmanuel Poiré, plus connu sous le pseudonyme de Caran d'Ache (1858-1909). Il s'exprimait ainsi dans une lettre adressée le 20 juillet 1894 à l'éditeur du
1806:
a 'sanitation engineer' - and second because a 'graphic novel' is in fact the very thing it is ashamed to admit: a comic book, rather than a comic pamphlet or comic magazine".
2486:
2350:
Beerbohm, Robert (2008). "The
Victorian Age Comic Strips and Books 1646-1900: Origins of Early American Comic Strips Before The Yellow Kid and 'The Platinum Age 1897–1938'".
840:-influenced slice of steeltown life starring a scheming, manipulative redhead named Rust. Touted as "an original full-length novel" on its cover, the 128-page digest by
1199:
from 1967 to 1972, was subtitled "A Graphic Novel" on the inside title page when collected as a 48-page, black-and-white, hardcover book published by Kyle & Wheary.
1185:), Morning Star Press, 1976, also a non-reprinted original presentation, used the term 'graphic novel' to categorize itself as well on its dust jacket and introduction.
5014:
1391:), used the label to designate comics of an artistically "serious" sort. Following this, Spicer, with Kyle's acknowledgment, edited and published a periodical titled
470:
work, though this practice is highly contested by comics scholars and industry professionals. It is, at least in the United States, typically distinct from the term
4801:
1451:
helped to establish the term "graphic novel" in common usage, and many sources have incorrectly credited Eisner with being the first to use it. These included the
5004:
3648:
1997:
1099:(1978), which he himself described as being from the "bottomless abyss of strip cartooning", although they, along with such other Briggs works as the more mature
3318:
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1264:, March 1978), which described itself as "the first graphic novel". Issues of the comic had described themselves as "graphic prose", or simply as a novel.
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1105:(1982), have been re-marketed as graphic novels in the wake of the term's popularity. Briggs noted, however, that he did not like that term too much.
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1853:(2001) refers to the book as "a comic-strip novel", with Clowes having noted that he "never saw anything wrong with the comic book". The cover of
1169:. It is therefore considered the first modern graphic novel to be done as an original work, and not collected from previously published segments.
1647:(1986), a collection of Frank Miller's four-part comic-book series featuring an older Batman faced with the problems of a dystopian future; and
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2012:
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attention, they'd stick six issues of whatever worthless piece of crap they happened to be publishing lately under a glossy cover and call it
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though written and drawn in the early 1970s—was labeled a "graphic novel" on the cover of Marvel Comics' black-and-white comics magazine
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in comics form, but the military dictatorship confiscated the books and destroyed them. It was later re-released in corrected versions.
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Founders of Comic Fandom: Profiles of 90 Publishers, Dealers, Collectors, Writers, Artists and Other
Luminaries of the 1950s and 1960s
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2485:(Press release). University Park, Pennsylvania: Pennsylvania Center For the Book, Pennsylvania State University Libraries. 2020.
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was a mature, complex work focusing on the lives of ordinary people in the real world based on Eisner's own experiences.
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book reprints of self-contained miniseries did likewise, though they were not originally published as graphic novels:
1407:' line of extra-length, 48-page comics, specifically used the phrase "a graphic novel of Gothic terror" on its cover.
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1637:(1986), helped establish both the term and the concept of graphic novels in the minds of the mainstream public. Two
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524:(1982) and became familiar to the public in the late 1980s after the commercial successes of the first volume of
175:
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The
Victorian Age: Comic Strips and Books 1646–1900 Origins of Early American Comic Strips Before The Yellow Kid
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1320:. Significantly, this was published by a traditional book publisher and distributed through bookstores, as was
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1003:, who had entertained ideas of becoming a cartoonist in his youth, addressed the Bristol Literary Society, on "
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is the first comic that was created from start to finish as a complete novel. Running in two years' issues of
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As the exact definition of the graphic novel is debated, the origins of the form are open to interpretation.
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is the oldest recognized
American example of comics used to this end. It originated as the 1828 publication
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1377:#2 (November 1964), a newsletter published by the Comic Amateur Press Alliance, and again in an article in
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European creators were also experimenting with the longer narrative in comics form. In the United
Kingdom,
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3580:#38 2008 pages 330–366 by Robert Lee Beerbohm, Doug Wheeler, Richard Samuel West and Richard D. Olson, PhD
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1004:
951:
578:'s dictionary definition is "a fictional story that is presented in comic-strip format and published as a
3206:
Notable exceptions have become the German and
Spanish speaking populaces who have adopted the US derived
3101:
1370:, for example, described their contents as "novel-length stories" and "full-length four chapter novels".
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Some alternative cartoonists have coined their own terms for extended comics narratives. The cover of
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on the grounds that it is unnecessary, or that its usage has been corrupted by commercial interests.
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premiered: its 117-page contents remained intact, but its panel-layout reconfigured to fit 62 pages.
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The term "graphic novel" began to grow in popularity months after it appeared on the cover of the
1373:
In its earliest known citation, comic-book reviewer
Richard Kyle used the term "graphic novel" in
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4283:
4221:
4139:
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3136:
1991:
1243:
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1531:, and released in hardcover). Marvel commissioned original graphic novels from such creators as
1385:#5 (Spring 1966). Kyle, inspired by European and East Asian graphic albums (especially Japanese
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Meanwhile, in continental Europe, the tradition of collecting serials of popular strips such as
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1979:
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By the late 1960s, American comic book creators were becoming more adventurous with the form.
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One of the earliest contemporaneous applications of the term post-Eisner came in 1979, when
1207:, who had spent his teenage years living in Paris, returned to the United States and formed
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designed to be sold on newsstands, used the term "graphic novel" in its introduction and "a
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genre, written and drawn by the single-name French artist Loro. Nantier followed this with
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258:
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1056:, did not use the term originally; the back-cover blurb of the 30th-anniversary edition (
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A complete edition was published in 1970 before being serialized in the French magazine
1699:("drawn series") are used by the Dutch/Flemish and Scandinavians respectively. European
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1820:'s quip that the difference between a graphic novel and a comic book is "the binding",
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In 1976, the term "graphic novel" appeared in print to describe three separate works:
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line of 10" × 7" trade paperbacks—although numbering them like comic books, from #1 (
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136:
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822:#1: "Anarcho, Dictator of Death", a 52-page comic dedicated to one story. In 1950,
771:
751:(1934), a novel in sequential images composed of collage by the surrealist painter
549:
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110:
31:
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1965:
Maximizing the Impact of Comics in Your Library: Graphic Novels, Manga, and More
1936:
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141:
131:
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1983:
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1528:
1516:
1359:
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797:
736:
617:
599:
545:
505:. The term gained popularity in the comics community after the publication of
477:
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381:
126:
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2367:""Maestro": chronique d'une découverte / "Maestro": Chronicle of a Discovery"
17:
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for what it called "his paperback comics novel". Whatever the nomenclature,
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57:
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2319:"The History of Comic Books: Introduction and 'The Platinum Age 1897–1938'"
1963:
1607:
The 1987 U.S. (left) and 1995 U.S./UK/Canada (right) collected editions of
1691:— which literally translates as "drawn strips" – is used, while the terms
4902:
4291:
3912:
3897:
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1802:
first for its insecure pretension - the literary equivalent of calling a
1780:
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1503:
1313:
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1304:
Another early graphic novel, though it carried no self-description, was
879:
by Joseph Millard. Presaging Will Eisner's multiple-story graphic novel
3814:
3792:
3604:
by Thierry Groensteen, University Press of Mississippi, Jackson, 2007.
3319:"The Term 'Graphic Novel' Has Had A Good Run. We Don't Need It Anymore"
3239:, BryanTalbot.com (Started 6th May 2009. Finished 21st September 2009).
2749:
1744:
released translated titles, predominantly from the backlog catalogs of
1581:
971:
860:
proved successful enough to lead to an unrelated second picture novel,
711:
595:
499:
166:
105:
3085:
2599:
2563:
1113:
1015:
4529:
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4206:
3702:
3540:"The Publication and Formats of Comics, Graphic Novels, and Tankobon"
2525:
1904:
1729:
1125:
1028:
631:
305:
293:
49:
2013:"What's The Difference Between Graphic Novels and Trade Paperbacks?"
1362:
as "novels" appear on covers as early as the 1940s. Early issues of
1285:, August 1978) — the first graphic novel sold in the newly created "
1585:, featured adaptations of literary stories or characters; and one,
4517:
3907:
3008:
Comic Books, Tragic Stories: Will Eisner's American Jewish History
2977:
Comic Books, Tragic Stories: Will Eisner's American Jewish History
1460:
1387:
1342:
1159:" on its cover, predating by two years the usage of this term for
1112:
1014:
765:
718:
cited as "the undisputed king" of this revival. His works include
686:
broached the idea of a "drawn novel" in a letter to the newspaper
495:
288:
2623:
1064:) calls it, retroactively, the first American graphic novel. The
610:
In continental Europe, both original book-length stories such as
3464:"Daniel Clowes Interview: The Ghost World Creator Does It Again"
3218:("strip"), today somewhat dated. The likewise German expression
2328:
1633:
678:
by brothers J. A. D. and D. F. Read, inspired by
634:
have been commonly published in hardcover volumes, often called
579:
530:
5000:
Association des Critiques et des journalistes de Bande Dessinée
3675:
3214:
respectively. The traditional Spanish term had previously been
1575:
featured original SF/fantasy characters; others still, such as
1335:, 1979) described on its dust jacket as a "novel-in-pictures".
3280:. Blather.net. Archived from the original on February 26, 2014
735:
Other prototypical examples from this period include American
466:
is often applied broadly, including fiction, non-fiction, and
3617:
Graphic borders: Latino comic books past, present, and future
1711:
format, meaning that all larger-sized, longer Franco-Belgian
1350:(1978), one of the first modern graphic novels. Cover art by
763:(composed 1941–43) combines images, narrative, and captions.
3585:
Faster than a speeding bullet: the rise of the graphic novel
975:
led to long-form narratives published initially as serials.
745:(1930), a wordless comic published as a hardcover book, and
3126:, no. 217 (April 1997). Aardvark Vanaheim.
2274:"The Ghost of a Character: The Cage by Martin Vaughn-James"
1151:
imprint and released in both regular 8.5 x 11" size, and a
1670:, for example, lasting 40 weeks on a UK best-seller list.
640:, since the end of the 19th century (including such later
3671:
2442:. Routledge New Accents Library Collection. p. 291.
1076:
is a 119-page story of comic-book art, with captions and
778:(1950), one precursor of the graphic novel. Cover art by
732:, in 1929 and going on to publish more during the 1930s.
699:
by Richard Outcault and it quickly became a best seller.
3491:"Zilveren Dolfijn - Craig Thompson (oneshots): Blankets"
2092:"BISAC Subject Headings List, Comics and Graphic Novels"
1715:, regardless of their contents, fell under the heading.
1239:. The company marketed these works as "graphic albums".
3278:"The Alan Moore Interview: Northampton / Graphic novel"
2792:"America's First Graphic Novel Publisher [sic]"
1760:
Some in the comics community have objected to the term
1491:
Following this, Marvel from 1982 to 1988 published the
984:
was published in Argentina, a graphic novel written by
3663:"Welcome to Columbia University's Graphic Novels Page"
3615:
Aldama, Frederick Luis; González, Christopher (2016).
2893:
covers at the Grand Comics Database. See issues #2–10.
2150:
The Complete Idiot's Guide to Creating a Graphic Novel
1703:
scholars have observed that Americans originally used
804:
novels into standalone comic books for young readers.
2547:"Archer St. John & The Little Company That Could"
2064:
Madden, David; Bane, Charles; Flory, Sean M. (2006).
928:
in a similar format. Columnist and comic-book writer
3102:"Drawn to Change: Comics and Critical Consciousness"
3053:"A Graphic Literature Library – Time.comix responds"
2483:"2020 Lynd Ward Prize for Graphic Novel of the Year"
887:
wrote and drew the four-story mass-market paperback
5038:
4990:
4944:
4937:
4916:
4836:
4779:
4748:
4717:
4708:
4688:
4577:
4481:
4431:
4415:
4406:
4335:
4282:
4122:
4111:
4044:
4017:
3964:
3931:
3876:
3840:
3718:
3533:
Brodart.com: "A Brief History of the Graphic Novel"
3166:(1st ed.). Eddie Campbell Comics. p. 96.
590:or collections of loosely related pieces, and even
2181:
1707:for everything that deviated from their standard,
676:Journey to the Gold Diggins by Jeremiah Saddlebags
5015:Comic & Fantasy Art Amateur Press Association
1789:Glen Weldon, author and cultural critic, writes:
607:from a comic book series published in book form.
3552:by Paul Gravett, Harper Design, New York, 2005.
3298:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
871:and illustrator Charles Raab. In the same year,
4814:Comics and comic strips made into feature films
1907:, Japanese term for/style of more mature comics
1798:Author Daniel Raeburn wrote: "I snicker at the
1791:
1774:
1109:First self-proclaimed graphic novels: 1976–1978
5005:Canadian Comic Book Creator Awards Association
4893:Michigan State University Comic Art Collection
3010:, Volume 30, Issue 2, AJS Review, 2006, p. 284
2979:, Volume 30, Issue 2, AJS Review, 2006, p. 287
2657:"Panther's Rage: Marvel's First Graphic Novel"
2067:A Primer of the Novel: For Readers and Writers
1732:in 1982, was the first British graphic novel.
918:(Adventure House Press) in 1968—the same year
3687:
621:
435:
8:
3187:Stripgeschiedenis : 2000-2010 Graphic novels
2926:in response to claims in Arnold, Andrew D.,
2184:Masters of the Comic Book Universe Revealed!
1968:. Santa Barbara, California. pp. 4–12.
810:, an illustrated, novel length retelling of
43:
3550:Graphic Novels: Everything You Need to Know
2901:
2899:
2702:Graphic Novels: Stories To Change Your Life
2464:Passionate Journey: A Novel in 165 Woodcuts
2345:
2343:
5053:British Amateur Press Association (comics)
4941:
4851:Billy Ireland Cartoon Library & Museum
4714:
4412:
4119:
3928:
3694:
3680:
3672:
3647:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1996:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1080:, published in a traditional book format.
728:also worked in this tradition, publishing
442:
428:
42:
5048:Academy of Comic-Book Fans and Collectors
4962:Association of Comics Magazine Publishers
2874:. Vol. 1, no. 1. Archived from
1293:for his hardcover short-story collection
1270:Sabre: Slow Fade of an Endangered Species
574:The term is not strictly defined, though
498:in the November 1964 issue of the comics
5010:Canadian Society for the Study of Comics
2624:"Permanent Damage [column] #224"
1722:claims that the first collection of his
1602:
3407:"Behind the Page: Jeff Smith, Part Two"
3051:Arnold, Andrew D. (November 21, 2003).
2768:Williams, Paul Gerald (June 23, 2015).
2549:. Comicartville Library. Archived from
2419:from the original on September 28, 2013
2327:. Originally published at defunct site
1954:
1447:The critical and commercial success of
812:Japanese internment during World War II
800:series that primarily adapted notable,
368:
174:
118:
97:
69:
48:
3640:
3520:"The Graphic Novel Silver Anniversary"
3291:
3087:Marvel Graphic Novel: A Sailor's Story
2928:"The Graphic Novel Silver Anniversary"
2405:"A Brief History of the Graphic Novel"
2295:
1989:
1242:The first six issues of writer-artist
566:as a category in book stores in 2001.
4868:Caricature & Cartoon Museum Basel
2704:(1st ed.). Aurum Press Limited.
2515:from the original on October 5, 2020.
2489:from the original on November 1, 2020
2352:Overstreet Comic Book Price Guide #38
1563:. While most of these starred Marvel
1147:, published in August 1976 under the
586:that do not form a continuous story,
476:, which is generally used for comics
7:
4819:Comics solicited but never published
3583:Weiner, Stephen & Couch, Chris.
3451:from the original on April 16, 2019.
3405:Rogers, Vaneta (February 26, 2008).
3276:Kavanagh, Barry (October 17, 2000).
3197:from the original on August 1, 2020.
3020:Dooley, Michael (January 11, 2005).
2802:from the original on January 6, 2010
2725:Nicholas, Wroe (December 18, 2004).
1921:List of award-winning graphic novels
5139:
4967:Australian Cartoonists' Association
4957:Association of Canadian Cartoonists
3331:from the original on April 16, 2019
3032:from the original on April 16, 2019
2922:) from comics historian and author
2739:from the original on April 5, 2011.
2663:from the original on July 4, 2008.
2321:. TheComicBooks.com. Archived from
2272:Domingos Isabelinho (Summer 2004).
2011:Kelley, Jason (November 16, 2020).
1428:(October 1978). This collection of
1310:Simon & Schuster/Fireside Books
1068:presented Kane with a special 1971
960:as "Marvel's first graphic novel".
534:in 1986, the collected editions of
27:Book with primarily comics contents
3026:American Institute of Graphic Arts
2991:The Graphic Novel: An Introduction
2868:"The Three Lives of Jules Feiffer"
2847:from the original on July 16, 2011
2636:from the original on June 17, 2011
1939:, Japanese manga publishing format
1725:The Adventures of Luther Arkwright
1543:, graphic-novel pioneer McGregor,
1358:Hyperbolic descriptions of longer
1312:, August 1978), by Marvel Comics'
814:, was published in 1946. In 1947,
25:
3577:Overstreet Comic Book Price Guide
3470:from the original on May 14, 2011
3437:Coren, Giles (December 1, 2012).
2989:Baetens, Jan; Frey, Hugo (2015).
2963:The Sinister House of Secret Love
2665:here were real character arcs in
2373:from the original on July 9, 2015
2365:Groensteen, Thierry (June 2015).
1926:List of best-selling comic series
1863:calls it "an illustrated novel".
1400:The Sinister House of Secret Love
830:, adult-oriented "picture novel"
680:The Adventures of Obadiah Oldbuck
662:The Adventures of Obadiah Oldbuck
5138:
5129:
5128:
5117:
5105:
5068:Comic Legends Legal Defense Fund
4982:Samahang Kartunista ng Pilipinas
4883:Fred Waring's Cartoon Collection
3462:Bushell, Laura (July 21, 2005).
3249:Decker, Dwight R.; Jordan, Gil;
1873:
1678:Outside North America, Eisner's
411:
56:
4898:Museum of Comic and Cartoon Art
2070:. Scarecrow Press. p. 43.
1668:Batman: The Dark Knight Returns
1644:Batman: The Dark Knight Returns
790:The 1940s saw the launching of
707:The 1920s saw a revival of the
4972:Comic Art Professional Society
3712:Glossary of comics terminology
1476:sequel—published a year after
1038:Gil Kane and Archie Goodwin's
862:The Case of the Winking Buddha
1:
5063:Comic Book Legal Defense Fund
3237:"Interview with Bryan Talbot"
3090:at the Grand Comics Database.
2967:at the Grand Comics Database.
2866:Tallmer, Jerry (April 2005).
2841:"Interview with Don McGregor"
2601:Harvey Kurtzman's Jungle Book
2440:Adult Comics: An Introduction
2302:: CS1 maint: date and year (
1933:, profusely illustrated books
1674:European adoption of the term
1653:(1986-1987), a collection of
992:. The book told the story of
890:Harvey Kurtzman's Jungle Book
490:Richard Kyle coined the term
176:Comics by country and culture
4977:National Cartoonists Society
4766:Based on television programs
3259:Westlake Village, California
2774:The 1970s Graphic Novel Blog
2509:"Frans Masereel (1889-1972)"
2215:"graphic novel | literature"
1901:, European publishing format
1217:Nantier, Beall, Minoustchine
1209:Flying Buttress Publications
1087:was producing works such as
515:(1978) and the start of the
4908:Words & Pictures Museum
3439:"Not graphic and not novel"
3022:"The Spirit of Will Eisner"
2794:. New York City, New York:
2254:Associazione Guido Buzzelli
1504:The Death of Captain Marvel
897:#338K), published in 1959.
613:The Ballad of the Salty Sea
5211:
4952:Academy of Comic Book Arts
4924:Center for Cartoon Studies
4846:Belgian Comic Strip Center
2995:Cambridge University Press
2413:Diamond Comic Distributors
2043:. McFarland. p. 117.
1486:Blackmark: The Mind Demons
1211:, later to incorporate as
1066:Academy of Comic Book Arts
925:The Spectacular Spider-Man
908:self-published a 40-page,
667:Histoire de Mr. Vieux Bois
29:
5100:
5058:Club des bandes dessinées
4792:Best-selling comic series
4370:Portrayal of black people
3709:
2096:Book Industry Study Group
1523:, starring the radio and
1484:#17 (Winter 1979), where
1223:, a 50-page spoof of the
1181:(adapted from a story by
560:Book Industry Study Group
3164:Alec:How to be an Artist
2403:Tychinski, Stan (n.d.).
2247:"Dino Buzzati 1965–1975"
1414:edition (though not the
986:Héctor Germán Oesterheld
966:The Adventures of Tintin
922:published two issues of
714:tradition, with Belgian
647:The Adventures of Tintin
30:Not to be confused with
4863:British Cartoon Archive
4856:National Cartoon Museum
3353:(Monographics Series),
3137:"From Pulp to Pulitzer"
3100:Carleton, Sean (2014).
2770:"Beyond Time and Again"
2685:is a 200-page novel....
2219:Encyclopedia Britannica
1750:Les Humanoïdes Associés
1403:#2 (Jan. 1972), one of
1052:paperback published by
844:writer "Drake Waller" (
541:The Dark Knight Returns
458:is a long-form work of
5073:Finnish Comics Society
5030:Svenska Serieakademien
5020:Comics Studies Society
4888:Gibiteca Antonio Gobbo
4392:Women in Refrigerators
4387:The Hawkeye Initiative
4025:Female comics creators
3495:www.zilverendolfijn.nl
2843:. MileHighComics.com.
2511:. GraphicWitness.org.
2037:Schelly, Bill (2010).
1962:Phoenix, Jack (2020).
1796:
1787:
1738:Catalan Communications
1620:
1466:
1394:Graphic Story Magazine
1355:
1131:
1035:
1005:the death of the novel
912:-format comics novel,
787:
670:by Swiss caricaturist
622:
5195:History of literature
4809:Comic books on CD/DVD
4059:Comics historiography
3544:Image & Narrative
3377:The Sandman Companion
3357:Press, 2004, p. 110.
3317:(November 17, 2016).
2827:Grand Comics Database
2756:Grand Comics Database
2751:Beyond Time and Again
2622:(December 28, 2005).
2607:Grand Comics Database
2588:Grand Comics Database
2570:Grand Comics Database
2545:Quattro, Ken (2006).
2438:Sabin, Roger (2005).
2213:Murray, Christopher.
1816:Responding to writer
1756:Criticism of the term
1606:
1464:
1439:Even though Eisner's
1397:in the fall of 1967.
1346:
1299:Flying Buttress Press
1237:The Call of the Stars
1193:Beyond Time and Again
1116:
1018:
915:His Name Is... Savage
824:St. John Publications
769:
642:Franco-Belgian comics
630:, and collections of
623:La rivolta dei racchi
5025:Sequart Organization
4771:Based on video games
4353:Gender and webcomics
3918:Publishing companies
3602:The System of Comics
3564:Understanding Comics
3466:. BBC – Collective.
3235:Méalóid, Pádraig Ó.
3191:Lambiek Comiclopedia
3063:on November 25, 2003
2778:University of Exeter
2727:"Bloomin' Christmas"
2659:. FanboyPlanet.com.
2629:Comic Book Resources
2334:May 2, 2007, at the
2190:Chicago Review Press
1695:("strip story") and
1494:Marvel Graphic Novel
1339:Adoption of the term
1256:were collected as a
1248:Comics and Comix Co.
1203:The following year,
999:By 1969, the author
793:Classics Illustrated
748:Une semaine de bonté
518:Marvel Graphic Novel
341:South African comics
5083:The Hero Initiative
4363:American mainstream
4165:Comics in education
3768:Comic strip formats
3667:Columbia University
3566:: The Invisible Art
3528:, November 14, 2003
3375:Bender, Hy (1999).
3327:. Washington, D.C.
3263:Fantagraphics Books
3224:American comic book
3147:WebCitation archive
3145:, August 29, 2004.
3075:WebCitation archive
2938:, November 14, 2003
2932:WebCitation archive
2920:WebCitation archive
2839:Gough, Bob (2001).
2681:(#s 6 through 18),
2673:over time. But ...
2565:It Rhymes With Lust
2354:. pp. 337–338.
2268:WebCitation archive
1916:Graphic non-fiction
1680:A Contract with God
1593:, was a true-life,
1521:Hitler's Astrologer
1478:A Contract with God
1465:Will Eisner in 2004
1449:A Contract with God
1441:A Contract with God
1425:A Contract with God
1383:Fantasy Illustrated
1166:A Contract with God
1149:Fiction Illustrated
1102:When the Wind Blows
1023:(1971) by scripter
954:series in Marvel's
883:(1978), cartoonist
881:A Contract with God
833:It Rhymes with Lust
776:It Rhymes with Lust
512:A Contract with God
45:
36:illustrated fiction
5175:1971 introductions
5124:Cartoon portal
4878:The Cartoon Museum
4873:Cartoon Art Museum
4597:France and Belgium
4382:Portrayal of women
4375:African characters
4343:Ethnic stereotypes
3518:Arnold, Andrew D.
3417:on August 18, 2010
2878:on March 20, 2005.
2369:. NeuviemArt 2.0.
2329:CollectorTimes.com
2325:on April 15, 2003.
2284:on August 18, 2010
2017:How To Love Comics
1709:32-page comic book
1621:
1567:, others, such as
1467:
1356:
1140:Chandler: Red Tide
1132:
1036:
869:Manning Lee Stokes
788:
721:Passionate Journey
582:". Collections of
5152:
5151:
5112:Comics portal
5096:
5095:
4929:The Kubert School
4832:
4831:
4704:
4703:
4402:
4401:
4327:Widescreen comics
4170:Comics journalism
4040:
4039:
3832:Political cartoon
3773:Daily comic strip
3626:978-1-4773-0914-8
3610:978-1-60473-259-7
3597:978-1-56163-368-5
3558:978-0-06082-4-259
3531:Tychinski, Stan.
3390:978-1-56389-644-6
3363:978-0-300-10291-8
3349:Raeburn, Daniel.
3265:. pp. 18–52.
3173:978-0-9577896-3-0
3142:Houston Chronicle
3106:Labour/Le Travail
2822:The First Kingdom
2711:978-1-84513-068-8
2471:978-0-87286-174-9
2462:Reissued 1985 as
2449:978-0-415-29139-2
2409:Diamond Bookshelf
2250:(Italian website)
2199:978-1-55652-633-6
2163:978-1-59257-233-5
2102:on April 14, 2015
2077:978-1-4616-5597-8
2050:978-0-7864-5762-5
1975:978-1-4408-6886-3
1911:Graphic narrative
1682:and Spiegelman's
1306:The Silver Surfer
1253:The First Kingdom
1219:), and published
1197:underground comix
1062:978-1-56097-456-7
1050:sword-and-sorcery
978:In January 1968,
932:also argues that
761:Life? or Theater?
757:Charlotte Salomon
742:He Done Her Wrong
724:(1919). American
452:
451:
418:Comics portal
361:Vietnamese comics
331:Portuguese comics
321:Philippine comics
302:
235:
217:Australian comics
213:
157:Political cartoon
16:(Redirected from
5202:
5170:1960s neologisms
5142:
5141:
5132:
5131:
5122:
5121:
5110:
5109:
5088:Xeric Foundation
4942:
4756:Based on fiction
4715:
4489:China and Taiwan
4413:
4212:Graphic medicine
4155:Autobiographical
4120:
4098:Japanese (manga)
4004:Japanese (manga)
3929:
3696:
3689:
3682:
3673:
3652:
3646:
3638:
3568:by Scott McCloud
3506:
3505:
3503:
3501:
3487:
3481:
3479:
3477:
3475:
3459:
3453:
3452:
3434:
3428:
3426:
3424:
3422:
3413:. Archived from
3401:
3395:
3394:
3372:
3366:
3347:
3341:
3340:
3338:
3336:
3311:
3305:
3303:
3297:
3289:
3287:
3285:
3273:
3267:
3266:
3257:. No. 160.
3246:
3240:
3233:
3227:
3204:
3198:
3184:
3178:
3177:
3156:
3150:
3133:
3127:
3120:
3114:
3113:
3097:
3091:
3083:
3077:
3072:
3070:
3068:
3059:. Archived from
3048:
3042:
3041:
3039:
3037:
3017:
3011:
3005:
2999:
2998:
2986:
2980:
2974:
2968:
2958:
2952:
2945:
2939:
2903:
2894:
2886:
2880:
2879:
2863:
2857:
2856:
2854:
2852:
2836:
2830:
2818:
2812:
2811:
2809:
2807:
2788:
2782:
2781:
2765:
2759:
2747:
2741:
2740:
2722:
2716:
2715:
2694:
2688:
2687:
2652:
2646:
2645:
2643:
2641:
2616:
2610:
2597:
2591:
2579:
2573:
2561:
2555:
2554:
2553:on May 19, 2011.
2542:
2536:
2523:
2517:
2516:
2505:
2499:
2498:
2496:
2494:
2479:
2473:
2460:
2454:
2453:
2435:
2429:
2428:
2426:
2424:
2400:
2394:
2393:
2380:
2378:
2362:
2356:
2355:
2347:
2338:
2326:
2317:Coville, Jamie.
2314:
2308:
2307:
2301:
2293:
2291:
2289:
2280:. Archived from
2265:
2263:
2261:
2251:
2236:
2230:
2229:
2227:
2225:
2210:
2204:
2203:
2187:
2174:
2168:
2167:
2138:
2132:
2131:
2118:
2112:
2111:
2109:
2107:
2098:. Archived from
2088:
2082:
2081:
2061:
2055:
2054:
2034:
2028:
2027:
2025:
2023:
2008:
2002:
2001:
1995:
1987:
1959:
1883:
1878:
1877:
1689:bandes dessinées
1591:A Sailor's Story
1561:Bernie Wrightson
1549:Bill Sienkiewicz
1475:
1195:, serialized in
1183:Robert E. Howard
1122:Robert E. Howard
1090:Father Christmas
895:Ballantine Books
873:Gold Medal Books
774:"picture novel"
672:Rodolphe Töpffer
625:
482:trade paperbacks
444:
437:
430:
416:
415:
316:Pakistani comics
296:
269:Hungarian comics
229:
222:Brazilian comics
199:
190:Argentine comics
60:
46:
21:
5210:
5209:
5205:
5204:
5203:
5201:
5200:
5199:
5155:
5154:
5153:
5148:
5116:
5104:
5092:
5078:Friends of Lulu
5040:
5034:
4992:
4986:
4933:
4912:
4838:
4837:Collections and
4828:
4802:manga magazines
4775:
4744:
4735:Manga magazines
4700:
4684:
4573:
4477:
4427:
4398:
4331:
4302:Talking animals
4278:
4239:Science fiction
4150:Anthropomorphic
4116:and narratology
4115:
4107:
4054:Years in comics
4036:
4013:
3977:Jewish American
3960:
3927:
3872:
3836:
3756:Trade paperback
3714:
3705:
3700:
3659:
3639:
3627:
3614:
3515:
3510:
3509:
3499:
3497:
3489:
3488:
3484:
3473:
3471:
3461:
3460:
3456:
3436:
3435:
3431:
3420:
3418:
3404:
3402:
3398:
3391:
3374:
3373:
3369:
3355:Yale University
3348:
3344:
3334:
3332:
3313:
3312:
3308:
3290:
3283:
3281:
3275:
3274:
3270:
3248:
3247:
3243:
3234:
3230:
3205:
3201:
3185:
3181:
3174:
3160:Campbell, Eddie
3158:
3157:
3153:
3135:Lanham, Fritz.
3134:
3130:
3121:
3117:
3099:
3098:
3094:
3084:
3080:
3066:
3064:
3050:
3049:
3045:
3035:
3033:
3019:
3018:
3014:
3006:
3002:
2988:
2987:
2983:
2975:
2971:
2959:
2955:
2946:
2942:
2910:magazine letter
2904:
2897:
2887:
2883:
2865:
2864:
2860:
2850:
2848:
2838:
2837:
2833:
2819:
2815:
2805:
2803:
2790:
2789:
2785:
2767:
2766:
2762:
2748:
2744:
2724:
2723:
2719:
2712:
2696:
2695:
2691:
2654:
2653:
2649:
2639:
2637:
2618:
2617:
2613:
2598:
2594:
2583:Mansion of Evil
2580:
2576:
2562:
2558:
2544:
2543:
2539:
2524:
2520:
2507:
2506:
2502:
2492:
2490:
2481:
2480:
2476:
2461:
2457:
2450:
2437:
2436:
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2422:
2420:
2402:
2401:
2397:
2376:
2374:
2364:
2363:
2359:
2349:
2348:
2341:
2336:Wayback Machine
2316:
2315:
2311:
2294:
2287:
2285:
2271:
2259:
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2245:
2241:Charlie Mensuel
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2207:
2200:
2176:
2175:
2171:
2164:
2140:
2139:
2135:
2127:Merriam-Webster
2122:"graphic novel"
2120:
2119:
2115:
2105:
2103:
2090:
2089:
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2078:
2063:
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2019:
2010:
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2005:
1988:
1976:
1961:
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1956:
1951:
1879:
1872:
1869:
1758:
1728:, published by
1676:
1611:, published by
1537:J. M. DeMatteis
1473:
1412:trade paperback
1341:
1333:Alfred A. Knopf
1258:trade paperback
1111:
1046:science fiction
1013:
990:Alberto Breccia
885:Harvey Kurtzman
877:Mansion of Evil
705:
656:
650:in the 1930s).
594:are stocked by
576:Merriam-Webster
572:
448:
410:
259:European comics
244:Croatian comics
239:Canadian comics
196:Bande dessinées
185:American comics
147:Trade paperback
65:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5208:
5206:
5198:
5197:
5192:
5187:
5185:Comics formats
5182:
5177:
5172:
5167:
5165:Graphic novels
5157:
5156:
5150:
5149:
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5146:
5136:
5126:
5114:
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5050:
5044:
5042:
5039:Charitable and
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4824:Limited series
4821:
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4804:
4799:
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4777:
4776:
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4761:Based on films
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4673:United Kingdom
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4587:Czech Republic
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4117:
4113:Comics studies
4109:
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4095:
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3838:
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3824:
3819:
3818:
3817:
3812:
3807:
3800:Digital comics
3797:
3796:
3795:
3790:
3785:
3780:
3775:
3770:
3760:
3759:
3758:
3753:
3748:
3746:Ongoing series
3743:
3738:
3736:Limited series
3733:
3722:
3720:
3716:
3715:
3710:
3707:
3706:
3701:
3699:
3698:
3691:
3684:
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3670:
3669:
3658:
3657:External links
3655:
3654:
3653:
3625:
3612:
3599:
3581:
3569:
3560:
3547:
3546:#1 (Dec. 2000)
3538:Couch, Chris.
3536:
3529:
3514:
3511:
3508:
3507:
3482:
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3429:
3396:
3389:
3367:
3342:
3306:
3268:
3255:Amazing Heroes
3241:
3228:
3199:
3179:
3172:
3151:
3128:
3115:
3092:
3078:
3043:
3012:
3000:
2997:. p. 137.
2981:
2969:
2953:
2949:Graphic Novels
2940:
2895:
2881:
2858:
2831:
2813:
2796:NBM Publishing
2783:
2760:
2742:
2717:
2710:
2689:
2683:Panther's Rage
2675:Panther's Rage
2671:Fantastic Four
2655:Sacks, Jason.
2647:
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1943:Wordless novel
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1884:
1868:
1865:
1855:Craig Thompson
1757:
1754:
1742:NBM Publishing
1718:Writer-artist
1701:comics studies
1675:
1672:
1663:limited series
1629:Pulitzer Prize
1625:Art Spiegelman
1619:, respectively
1527:character the
1482:Marvel Preview
1340:
1337:
1213:NBM Publishing
1201:
1200:
1189:George Metzger
1186:
1179:Richard Corben
1170:
1129:Richard Corben
1110:
1107:
1085:Raymond Briggs
1025:Archie Goodwin
1012:
1009:
942:Doctor Strange
906:Archie Goodwin
816:Fawcett Comics
716:Frans Masereel
704:
703:1920s to 1960s
701:
696:The Yellow Kid
655:
652:
628:Guido Buzzelli
571:
568:
526:Art Spiegelman
460:sequential art
450:
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356:Turkish comics
353:
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346:Spanish comics
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336:Serbian comics
333:
328:
323:
318:
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311:Mexican comics
308:
303:
291:
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284:Italian comics
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236:
232:Welsh-language
227:British comics
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71:Comics studies
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63:Speech balloon
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4938:Organizations
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4466:United States
4464:
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4451:
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4308:
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4300:
4298:
4297:Decompression
4295:
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4290:
4289:
4287:
4285:
4281:
4275:
4272:
4270:
4267:
4265:
4262:
4260:
4257:
4255:
4254:Tijuana bible
4252:
4250:
4247:
4245:
4242:
4240:
4237:
4233:
4230:
4229:
4228:
4225:
4223:
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4201:
4198:
4197:
4196:
4193:
4191:
4188:
4186:
4183:
4181:
4178:
4176:
4175:Comics poetry
4173:
4171:
4168:
4166:
4163:
4161:
4158:
4156:
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4151:
4148:
4146:
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3892:
3889:
3888:
3887:
3884:
3883:
3881:
3879:
3875:
3869:
3866:
3864:
3863:Silent comics
3861:
3859:
3856:
3854:
3851:
3849:
3846:
3845:
3843:
3839:
3833:
3830:
3828:
3827:Graphic novel
3825:
3823:
3820:
3816:
3813:
3811:
3808:
3806:
3803:
3802:
3801:
3798:
3794:
3791:
3789:
3786:
3784:
3783:Sunday comics
3781:
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3527:
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3512:
3496:
3492:
3486:
3483:
3469:
3465:
3458:
3455:
3450:
3446:
3445:
3444:The Spectator
3440:
3433:
3430:
3416:
3412:
3411:Newsarama.com
3408:
3400:
3397:
3392:
3386:
3382:
3378:
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3310:
3307:
3301:
3295:
3279:
3272:
3269:
3264:
3260:
3256:
3252:
3251:Thompson, Kim
3245:
3242:
3238:
3232:
3229:
3225:
3221:
3217:
3213:
3209:
3203:
3200:
3196:
3192:
3188:
3183:
3180:
3175:
3169:
3165:
3161:
3155:
3152:
3148:
3144:
3143:
3138:
3132:
3129:
3125:
3122:Moore letter
3119:
3116:
3111:
3107:
3103:
3096:
3093:
3089:
3088:
3082:
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3076:
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3016:
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3004:
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2900:
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2859:
2851:September 13,
2846:
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2728:
2721:
2718:
2713:
2707:
2703:
2699:
2698:Gravett, Paul
2693:
2690:
2686:
2684:
2680:
2679:Jungle Action
2676:
2672:
2668:
2662:
2658:
2651:
2648:
2635:
2631:
2630:
2625:
2621:
2620:Grant, Steven
2615:
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1894:Collage novel
1892:
1890:
1889:Artist's book
1887:
1886:
1882:
1881:Comics portal
1876:
1871:
1866:
1864:
1862:
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1847:Daniel Clowes
1843:
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1784:
1783:Graphic Novel
1782:
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1763:
1762:graphic novel
1755:
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1702:
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1553:Walt Simonson
1550:
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1518:
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1509:Dennis O'Neil
1506:
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1431:
1430:short stories
1427:
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1326:
1325:Jules Feiffer
1323:
1319:
1315:
1311:
1307:
1302:
1300:
1296:
1292:
1288:
1287:direct market
1284:
1283:Eclipse Books
1280:
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1272:
1271:
1265:
1263:
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1254:
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1205:Terry Nantier
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1098:
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1079:
1078:word balloons
1075:
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997:
995:
991:
988:and drawn by
987:
983:
982:
976:
974:
973:
968:
967:
961:
959:
958:
957:Jungle Action
953:
952:Black Panther
949:
948:
947:Strange Tales
943:
939:
935:
931:
927:
926:
921:
920:Marvel Comics
917:
916:
911:
907:
903:
898:
896:
892:
891:
886:
882:
878:
874:
870:
867:
866:pulp novelist
863:
859:
855:
851:
850:Leslie Waller
847:
843:
839:
835:
834:
829:
826:produced the
825:
821:
817:
813:
809:
808:
807:Citizen 13660
803:
802:public domain
799:
795:
794:
785:
781:
777:
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768:
764:
762:
758:
755:. Similarly,
754:
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581:
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569:
567:
565:
564:graphic novel
561:
558:in 1987. The
557:
556:
551:
547:
543:
542:
537:
533:
532:
527:
523:
520:
519:
514:
513:
508:
504:
501:
497:
493:
492:graphic novel
489:
488:Fan historian
485:
483:
479:
475:
474:
469:
465:
464:graphic novel
461:
457:
456:graphic novel
445:
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337:
334:
332:
329:
327:
326:Polish comics
324:
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314:
312:
309:
307:
304:
300:
295:
292:
290:
287:
285:
282:
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274:Indian comics
272:
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264:German comics
262:
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152:Graphic novel
150:
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137:Digital comic
135:
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128:
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119:Media formats
117:
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78:
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72:
68:
64:
59:
55:
54:
51:
47:
44:Graphic novel
41:
37:
33:
19:
18:Graphic Novel
4991:Critical and
4945:Professional
4730:Comic strips
4423:South Africa
4322:Supervillain
3858:Photo comics
3853:Motion comic
3826:
3805:Mobile comic
3731:Ashcan comic
3616:
3601:
3584:
3575:
3571:
3562:
3549:
3543:
3535:(n.d., 2004)
3523:
3513:Bibliography
3498:. Retrieved
3494:
3485:
3472:. Retrieved
3457:
3442:
3432:
3421:February 20,
3419:. Retrieved
3415:the original
3399:
3376:
3370:
3350:
3345:
3333:. Retrieved
3322:
3315:Weldon, Glen
3309:
3282:. Retrieved
3271:
3254:
3244:
3231:
3220:Serienbilder
3219:
3215:
3211:
3207:
3202:
3182:
3163:
3154:
3140:
3131:
3123:
3118:
3109:
3105:
3095:
3086:
3081:
3065:. Retrieved
3061:the original
3056:
3046:
3034:. Retrieved
3015:
3007:
3003:
2993:. New York:
2990:
2984:
2976:
2972:
2962:
2956:
2948:
2943:
2935:
2924:R. C. Harvey
2913:
2907:
2889:
2884:
2876:the original
2871:
2861:
2849:. Retrieved
2834:
2821:
2816:
2804:. Retrieved
2786:
2773:
2763:
2750:
2745:
2732:The Guardian
2730:
2720:
2701:
2692:
2682:
2678:
2674:
2664:
2650:
2638:. Retrieved
2627:
2614:
2600:
2595:
2582:
2577:
2564:
2559:
2551:the original
2540:
2527:Comics Novel
2526:
2521:
2503:
2491:. Retrieved
2477:
2463:
2458:
2439:
2433:
2423:December 14,
2421:. Retrieved
2408:
2398:
2388:
2384:
2382:
2375:. Retrieved
2360:
2351:
2323:the original
2312:
2286:. Retrieved
2282:the original
2277:
2258:. Retrieved
2253:
2239:
2234:
2222:. Retrieved
2218:
2208:
2183:
2178:Kaplan, Arie
2172:
2149:
2146:Steve Lieber
2142:Gertler, Nat
2136:
2125:
2116:
2104:. Retrieved
2100:the original
2086:
2066:
2059:
2039:
2032:
2020:. Retrieved
2016:
2006:
1964:
1957:
1858:
1850:
1844:
1832:
1821:
1818:Douglas Wolk
1815:
1808:
1797:
1792:
1788:
1778:
1775:
1765:
1761:
1759:
1734:
1723:
1720:Bryan Talbot
1717:
1713:comic albums
1704:
1696:
1693:stripverhaal
1692:
1688:
1683:
1679:
1677:
1667:
1659:Dave Gibbons
1648:
1642:
1632:
1622:
1608:
1595:World War II
1590:
1587:Sam Glanzman
1580:
1577:John J. Muth
1572:
1557:Charles Vess
1545:Frank Miller
1541:Steve Gerber
1525:pulp fiction
1520:
1502:
1492:
1490:
1485:
1481:
1477:
1470:
1468:
1452:
1448:
1446:
1440:
1438:
1434:
1423:
1418:edition) of
1409:
1398:
1392:
1386:
1382:
1381:'s magazine
1374:
1372:
1367:
1357:
1347:
1328:
1305:
1303:
1294:
1275:Don McGregor
1268:
1266:
1262:Pocket Books
1251:
1241:
1236:
1221:Racket Rumba
1220:
1202:
1192:
1172:
1164:
1157:visual novel
1145:Jim Steranko
1138:
1133:
1117:
1100:
1094:
1088:
1082:
1073:
1070:Shazam Award
1054:Bantam Books
1039:
1037:
1020:
1019:Detail from
998:
981:Vida del Che
979:
977:
970:
964:
962:
955:
945:
930:Steven Grant
923:
913:
899:
888:
880:
876:
861:
852:), penciler
846:Arnold Drake
842:pseudonymous
831:
828:digest-sized
820:Comics Novel
819:
805:
791:
789:
775:
772:digest-sized
760:
746:
740:
734:
729:
719:
706:
694:
687:
684:Caran d'Ache
679:
675:
665:
661:
660:
657:
645:
635:
611:
609:
573:
563:
562:began using
553:
550:Dave Gibbons
544:in 1986 and
539:
536:Frank Miller
529:
516:
510:
502:
491:
486:
471:
468:anthologized
463:
455:
453:
279:Irish comics
254:Dutch comics
249:Czech comics
194:
151:
111:Photo comics
40:
32:visual novel
5190:Novel forms
5144:WikiProject
4780:Other lists
4725:Comic books
4641:Netherlands
4547:Philippines
4259:Underground
4222:Non-fiction
4140:Alternative
3886:Cartoonists
3868:Text comics
3822:Gag cartoon
3778:Lianhuanhua
3763:Comic strip
2493:November 2,
2154:Alpha Books
1931:Livre d'art
1899:Comic album
1839:Giles Coren
1811:Neil Gaiman
1804:garbage man
1661:' 12-issue
1623:Cartoonist
1617:Titan Books
1569:Rick Veitch
1565:superheroes
1513:Mike Kaluta
1499:Jim Starlin
1420:Will Eisner
1379:Bill Spicer
1360:comic books
1352:Paul Gulacy
1279:Paul Gulacy
1277:and artist
1267:Similarly,
1161:Will Eisner
1153:digest size
1096:The Snowman
1093:(1972) and
1001:John Updike
994:Che Guevara
938:Steve Ditko
682:. In 1894,
592:non-fiction
588:anthologies
584:comic books
507:Will Eisner
478:periodicals
462:. The term
382:Cartoonists
351:Thai comics
142:Gag cartoon
132:Comic strip
5159:Categories
4408:By country
4249:Teen humor
4084:Modern Age
4079:Bronze Age
4074:Silver Age
4069:Golden Age
4009:Macedonian
3984:Australian
3965:By country
3951:Minicomics
3848:Film comic
3841:Techniques
3726:Comic book
3619:. Austin.
3351:Chris Ware
3112:: 154–155.
2806:August 18,
2667:Spider-Man
1984:1141029685
1949:References
1828:Jeff Smith
1785: ..."
1772:believes:
1770:Alan Moore
1697:tegneserie
1655:Alan Moore
1573:Heartburst
1533:John Byrne
1517:Russ Heath
1507:) to #35 (
1375:Capa-Alpha
1322:cartoonist
1318:Jack Kirby
1295:Future Day
1273:by writer
1233:Enki Bilal
1120:(1976) by
1044:(1971), a
1011:Modern era
856:and inker
854:Matt Baker
818:published
798:comic-book
780:Matt Baker
737:Milt Gross
644:series as
626:(1967) by
618:Hugo Pratt
616:(1967) by
600:bookstores
570:Definition
546:Alan Moore
503:Capa-Alpha
473:comic book
392:Publishers
387:Collecting
127:Comic book
106:Cartooning
4749:By source
4740:Webcomics
4718:By format
4696:Australia
4499:Hong Kong
4439:Argentina
4317:Superhero
4274:Wrestling
4244:Superhero
4185:Dystopian
4160:Celebrity
4145:Ambiguous
4103:Webcomics
3956:Webcomics
3939:Editorial
3932:By format
3913:Letterers
3898:Colorists
3751:Minicomic
3643:cite book
3635:920966195
3500:April 24,
3403:Smith in
3335:April 16,
3284:March 20,
3036:April 16,
2947:Gravett,
2890:All-Flash
2640:March 20,
2533:dream SMP
2389:Le Figaro
2244:, as per
1992:cite book
1851:Ice Haven
1834:The Times
1800:neologism
1794:accepted.
1746:Casterman
1639:DC Comics
1631:-winning
1613:DC Comics
1471:Blackmark
1416:hardcover
1405:DC Comics
1368:All-Flash
1364:DC Comics
1244:Jack Katz
1229:detective
1174:Bloodstar
1118:Bloodstar
1074:Blackmark
1041:Blackmark
1031:-plotter
1021:Blackmark
944:story in
875:released
858:Ray Osrin
838:film noir
784:Ray Osrin
753:Max Ernst
730:Gods' Man
726:Lynd Ward
689:Le Figaro
605:story arc
596:libraries
369:Community
299:Hong Kong
80:Education
5134:Category
5041:outreach
4993:academic
4903:ToonSeum
4651:Portugal
4559:Thailand
4542:Pakistan
4432:Americas
4348:Feminist
4292:Antihero
4130:Abstract
4064:American
3999:Filipino
3989:Canadian
3972:American
3878:Creators
3810:Webcomic
3741:One-shot
3591:, 2004.
3474:June 21,
3468:Archived
3449:Archived
3329:Archived
3294:cite web
3195:Archived
3162:(2001).
3067:June 21,
3030:Archived
2872:NYC Plus
2845:Archived
2800:Archived
2737:Archived
2700:(2005).
2669:and the
2661:Archived
2634:Archived
2513:Archived
2487:Archived
2417:Archived
2371:Archived
2332:Archived
2298:cite web
2288:April 6,
2260:June 21,
2224:June 22,
2180:(2006).
2148:(2004).
2022:April 4,
1937:TankĹŤbon
1867:See also
1860:Blankets
1826:creator
1781:She-Hulk
1766:Watchmen
1650:Watchmen
1609:Watchmen
1314:Stan Lee
1291:Gene Day
1246:'s 1974
1033:Gil Kane
934:Stan Lee
910:magazine
902:Gil Kane
709:medieval
555:Watchmen
162:Webcomic
85:Glossary
5180:Digests
4917:Schools
4839:museums
4689:Oceania
4624:Ireland
4619:Hungary
4614:Germany
4607:Belgium
4592:Croatia
4569:Vietnam
4307:Masking
4269:Western
4227:Romance
4195:Fantasy
4046:History
3923:Writers
3903:Editors
3815:Webtoon
3793:Yonkoma
3719:Formats
3381:Vertigo
3226:format.
3189:at the
3124:Cerebus
2961:Cover,
2825:at the
2798:. n.d.
2754:at the
2605:at the
2586:at the
2568:at the
2531:at the
2377:July 9,
2106:July 9,
1837:writer
1809:Writer
1768:writer
1582:Dracula
1329:Tantrum
1250:series
972:Asterix
712:woodcut
654:History
500:fanzine
402:Writers
202:Belgium
167:Webtoon
98:Methods
90:History
4787:Awards
4656:Serbia
4646:Poland
4579:Europe
4564:Turkey
4461:Mexico
4454:Quebec
4449:Canada
4444:Brazil
4416:Africa
4336:Themes
4284:Tropes
4217:Horror
4207:Gekiga
4190:Erotic
4123:Genres
4089:events
3908:Inkers
3788:Topper
3703:Comics
3633:
3623:
3608:
3595:
3556:
3447:. UK.
3387:
3361:
3170:
2951:, p. 3
2735:. UK.
2708:
2603:#338 K
2469:
2446:
2385:Figaro
2256:. 2004
2196:
2160:
2074:
2047:
1982:
1972:
1905:Gekiga
1730:Proutt
1600:tale.
1559:, and
1529:Shadow
1515:, and
1474:'s
1126:artist
1060:
1029:artist
637:albums
632:comics
494:in an
377:Awards
306:Manhwa
294:Manhua
210:Quebec
206:France
50:Comics
4797:manga
4710:Lists
4678:Wales
4661:Spain
4629:Italy
4530:Korea
4523:lists
4518:Japan
4506:India
4312:Rogue
4180:Crime
4135:Adult
4018:Other
3994:Cuban
3574:, in
3216:tebeo
3212:cĂłmic
3208:comic
1598:naval
1388:manga
1348:Sabre
496:essay
397:Sales
289:Manga
4666:list
4634:list
4602:list
4552:list
4535:list
4511:list
4494:list
4482:Asia
4471:list
4358:LGBT
4232:list
4200:list
4030:list
3944:list
3891:list
3649:link
3631:OCLC
3621:ISBN
3606:ISBN
3593:ISBN
3554:ISBN
3525:Time
3502:2024
3476:2006
3423:2009
3385:ISBN
3359:ISBN
3337:2019
3300:link
3286:2007
3210:and
3168:ISBN
3069:2006
3057:Time
3038:2019
2936:Time
2915:Time
2908:Time
2905:Per
2853:2011
2808:2010
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