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The adult gray kingbird is an average-sized kingbird. It measures 23 cm (9.1 in) in length and weighs from 37 to 52 g (1.3 to 1.8 oz). The upperparts are gray, with brownish wings and tail, and the underparts are white with a gray tinge to the chest. The head has a concealed
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441:, and is more often found inland though it had been previously restricted to the coast. It breeds from the extreme southeast of the United States, mainly in Florida, as well as
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Systema naturae per regna tria naturae : secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis
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328:. Gmelin based his description on "Le tyran de S. Domingue" that had been described and illustrated in 1760 by the French zoologist
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The two stars (**) at the start of the section indicates that
Brisson based his description on the examination of a specimen.
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yellow crown stripe, and a dusky mask through the eyes. The dark bill is heavier than that of the related, slightly smaller,
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Ornithologie, ou, Méthode
Contenant la Division des Oiseaux en Ordres, Sections, Genres, Especes & leurs Variétés
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A high resolution version of the phylogenetic tree in Figure 1 is available from the first author's website
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in a tree. The female incubates the typical clutch of two cream eggs, which are marked with reddish brown.
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Like other kingbirds, these birds aggressively defend their territory against intruders, including
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684:(in Latin). Vol. 1, Part 1 (13th ed.). Lipsiae : Georg. Emanuel. Beer. p. 302.
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depending on its availability. Fruits and berries make up one fifth of their daily diet.
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Harvey, M.G.; et al. (2020). "The evolution of a tropical biodiversity hotspot".
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481:. It favors tall trees and shrubs, including the edges of savanna and marshes.
342:. A molecular genetic study published in 2020 found that the gray kingbird was
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746:(in French and Latin). Vol. 2. Paris: Jean-Baptiste Bauche. pp.
332:. The gray kingbird is now one of 13 species placed in the kingbird genus
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Gray kingbirds wait on an exposed perch high in a tree, occasionally
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477:. Several vagrant populations are known to exist in the
881:"Tyrannus_dominicensis - Grey Kingbird or Pitirre.pdf"
338:
that was introduced in 1799 by the French naturalist
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270:. The species was first described on the island of
437:It is found in increasing numbers in the state of
654:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22700509A93781676.en
372:, 1788) – southeast USA to Colombia and Venezuela
409:, which is the reason behind many of its local
1384:Native birds of the Southeastern United States
398:. The sexes are similar, but young birds have
8:
715:The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names
937:A Guide to the Birds of Trinidad and Tobago
974:
541:), their staple diet. They also eat small
402:edges on the wing coverts, rump and tail.
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718:. London: Christopher Helm. p. 138.
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429:in some of the English-speaking islands.
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304:. He placed it with the shrikes in the
294:in his revised and expanded edition of
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473:coast of Central America and northern
274:, then called Santo Domingo, thus the
1409:Taxa named by Johann Friedrich Gmelin
939:(2nd ed.). Comstock Publishing.
784:. International Ornithologists' Union
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762:
7:
858:Dunning, John B., Jr. (ed.) (1992).
1374:IUCN Red List least concern species
970:- Florida Museum of Natural History
695:Traylor, Melvin A. Jr, ed. (1979).
640:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
320:. The specific epithet is from the
897:from the original on 5 August 2022
860:CRC Handbook of Avian Body Masses.
405:The call is a loud rolling trill,
14:
888:The University of the West Indies
290:in 1788 by the German naturalist
782:IOC World Bird List Version 13.1
698:Check-List of Birds of the World
606:
597:
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1394:Birds of the Dominican Republic
964:on the Internet Bird Collection
629:BirdLife International (2016).
263:bird in the tyrant flycatchers
493:and much larger birds such as
1:
920:. London: Christopher Helm.
962:Videos, photos & sounds
465:. Northern populations are
340:Bernard Germain de Lacépède
1425:
712:Jobling, James A. (2010).
479:Northeastern United States
421:, in the Spanish-speaking
935:ffrench, Richard (1991).
740:Brisson, Mathurin Jacques
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70:Scientific classification
68:
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23:
916:Hilty, Steven L (2003).
676:Gmelin, Johann Friedrich
647:: e.T22700509A93781676.
557:are occasionally eaten.
433:Distribution and habitat
330:Mathurin Jacques Brisson
1404:Birds described in 1788
831:10.1126/science.aaz6970
776:, eds. (January 2023).
292:Johann Friedrich Gmelin
257:white-breasted kingbird
1389:Birds of the Caribbean
286:The gray kingbird was
1310:Tyrannus-dominicensis
1292:Paleobiology Database
1043:Tyrannus_dominicensis
1018:Tyrannus dominicensis
988:Tyrannus dominicensis
633:Tyrannus dominicensis
244:Tyrannus dominicensis
179:Tyrannus dominicensis
802:: CS1 maint: year (
778:"Tyrant flycatchers"
161:T. dominicensis
1322:Lanius dominicensis
825:(6522): 1343–1348.
469:, wintering on the
455:Trinidad and Tobago
324:Santo Domingo, now
318:Lanius dominicensis
40:Conservation status
1399:Birds of Venezuela
918:Birds of Venezuela
772:; Donsker, David;
565:It makes a flimsy
503:broad-winged hawks
445:, and through the
366:T. d. dominicensis
288:formally described
1361:
1360:
1279:Open Tree of Life
980:Taxon identifiers
868:978-0-8493-4258-5
774:Rasmussen, Pamela
725:978-1-4081-2501-4
495:crested caracaras
396:tropical kingbird
352:Tyrannus cubensis
247:), also known as
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226: Nonbreeding
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1379:Tyrannus (genus)
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313:and coined the
301:Systema Naturae
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315:binomial name
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239:grey kingbird
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235:gray kingbird
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170:Binomial name
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55:Least Concern
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899:. Retrieved
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840:10138/329703
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786:. Retrieved
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658:. Retrieved
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413:names, like
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276:dominicensis
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1240:Neotropical
1214:NatureServe
1162:iNaturalist
1012:Wikispecies
968:Bird sounds
901:15 February
862:CRC Press.
770:Gill, Frank
660:12 November
531:dragonflies
521:to feed on
459:the Guianas
447:West Indies
389:Description
376:T. d. vorax
1368:Categories
1337:Q109563319
1305:Xeno-canto
752:38, Fig. 2
616:References
553:and small
370:Gmelin, JF
359:subspecies
326:Hispaniola
272:Hispaniola
268:Tyrannidae
187:Gmelin, JF
137:Tyrannidae
525:(such as
485:Behaviour
471:Caribbean
467:migratory
451:Venezuela
449:south to
381:, 1819 –
261:passerine
155:Species:
93:Kingdom:
87:Eukaryota
1351:11240441
1331:Wikidata
1219:2.106125
1206:22700509
1180:10192881
1069:22700509
1064:BirdLife
997:Wikidata
892:Archived
798:cite web
788:20 March
750:, Plate
742:(1760).
678:(1788).
567:cup nest
561:Breeding
463:Colombia
427:petchary
415:pestigre
379:Vieillot
335:Tyrannus
322:locality
282:Taxonomy
253:petchary
148:Tyrannus
133:Family:
107:Chordata
103:Phylum:
97:Animalia
83:Domain:
60:IUCN 3.1
1271:1484981
1144:5229678
1051:Avibase
1003:Q945200
819:Science
748:394-395
573:Gallery
555:lizards
551:Spiders
547:berries
539:beetles
523:insects
507:mobbing
491:mammals
439:Florida
419:pitirre
346:to the
259:, is a
249:pitirre
189:, 1788)
143:Genus:
123:Order:
113:Class:
58: (
1297:371963
1284:381848
1245:grykin
1232:200370
1193:178280
1151:GNAB:
1126:EURING
1118:grykin
1092:grykin
1031:grakin
943:
924:
866:
722:
543:fruits
461:, and
400:rufous
344:sister
310:Lanius
278:name.
265:family
224:
218:
212:
206:
1258:74101
1175:IRMNG
1167:16798
1113:eBird
1105:59Z2L
1089:BOW:
895:(PDF)
884:(PDF)
535:wasps
425:, or
306:genus
1346:GBIF
1266:OBIS
1227:NCBI
1201:IUCN
1188:ITIS
1139:GBIF
1131:9450
1082:9864
1077:BOLD
941:ISBN
922:ISBN
903:2023
864:ISBN
847:here
804:link
790:2023
720:ISBN
662:2021
645:2016
545:and
537:and
527:bees
501:and
357:Two
233:The
117:Aves
1100:CoL
1038:ADW
1027:ABA
835:hdl
827:doi
823:370
649:doi
505:by
417:or
354:).
298:'s
255:or
237:or
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800:}}
796:{{
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
