42:
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380:. They have an extremely large and thick bill, that is chalky white in males and black in females. The beak volume is about 840mm³. The males are black with white or white and black under wing-coverts. The females have a warm brown back and a buffy brown belly with white under wing-coverts. The females are very similar to other adult females of the
339:). The females of seed finches are very similar in morphology. The taxonomy is therefore almost exclusively based on the male plumages. Categorization of the seed finches had been historically based on male plumage patterning with color groups such as gray and chestnut-colored. Further molecular and morphological analyses of the birds led to the genus
388:. It is a medium-sized finch at around 14.5-16.5 cm in length. The juvenile is similar in appearance to the female. Sexual dimorphism presents itself in males when they begin to sing. The male juvenile eventually moults its black feathers, having a patchy appearance for several months until it is fully black.
279:. Males are black with white under wing-coverts and ivory white bills, and the females are generally light brown with white under wing-coverts and black bills. Both the male and female have very large, thick bills. The great-billed seed finch has a melodious call, which has made it a target for trapping.
438:
species, which then produce mature seeds in the middle of the rainy season. During breeding season, the seed finch is especially territorial and aggressive. Their nests are cup-shaped and anywhere from one to three meters high. They lay eggs in clutch sizes of two to three eggs which are incubated
447:
The three larger seed finches (large-billed seed finch, black-billed seed finch, and great-billed seed finch), have been hunted by bird trappers and have thus had a severe and steady decline in population. They are sought after for their melodious song. The species are also facing a decline in
433:
Breeding season generally begins around
November or December during spring and summer in central and southern Brazil and extends until the end of February or early March. Breeding in the great-billed seed finch is stimulated by the first torrential rains of spring. The spring rains cause the
957:
Machado, Ricardo Bomfim; Silveira, Luís Fábio; da Silva, Maria Izabel Soares Gomes; Ubaid, Flávio Kulaif; Medolago, Cesar
Augusto; Francisco, Mercival Roberto; Dianese, José Carmine (2019-08-08). "Reintroduction of songbirds from captivity: the case of the Great-billed Seed-finch (Sporophila
448:
population due to the loss of habitat. The native grasslands that the seed finches nest in are being converted into agricultural fields. Manmade fires for the purpose of agriculture and cattle ranching as well as aerial pesticides also impact the population of the seed finch.
402:
The great-billed seed finch exists in two separate populations in South
America. The southern population is found in the Cerrado and in the Cerrado enclaves into the transition zones in Atlantic Forest. The northern population is found in the northern Amazon rainforest.
898:
Medolago, Cesar A. B.; Ubaid, Flávio K.; Francisco, Mercival R.; Silveira, Luís F. (September 2016). "Description of the nest and eggs of the Great-billed Seed-Finch (Sporophila maximiliani)".
356:
which is found mainly in
Cerrado, eastern Bolivia, and in the Brazilian states of Goiás, Bahia, Minas Gerais, Espirito Santo, São Paulo, Mato Grosso, and Mato Grosso do Sul. The second is the
597:
Lijtmaer, Darío A.; Sharpe, Nadine M. M.; Tubaro, Pablo L.; Lougheed, Stephen C. (December 2004). "Molecular phylogenetics and diversification of the genus
Sporophila (Aves: Passeriformes)".
846:
Ludwig, Sandra; Martins, Ana Paula
Vimieiro; Queiroz, Ana Luiza Lemos; Carmo, Anderson Oliveira do; Oliveira-Mendes, Bárbara Bruna Ribeiro; Kalapothakis, Evanguedes (2017-12-12).
550:
Ubaid, Flávio Kulaif; Silveira, Luís Fabio; Medolago, Cesar a. B.; Costa, Thiago V. V.; Francisco, Mercival
Roberto; Barbosa, Karlla V. C.; Júnior, Adir D. S. (July 2018).
770:
Porzio, Natália S.; Repenning, Márcio; Fontana, Carla S. (March 2019). "Evolution of Beak Size and Song
Constraints in Neotropical Seedeaters (Thraupidae: Sporophila)".
360:
which is found in southeastern Sucre to Elta
Amacuro, northern South America, eastern Venezuela, northern Bolívar, western Guyana, and the northernmost part of Brazil.
368:
391:
Due to their similarity with other species, sexual dimorphism, and juvenile appearance, great-billed seed finches can be very difficult to identify morphologically.
1126:
457:
695:
Mason, Nicholas A.; Burns, Kevin J. (2013). "Molecular
Phylogenetics of the Neotropical Seedeaters and Seed-Finches (Sporophila, Oryzoborus, Dolospingus)".
41:
1193:
1113:
1139:
1213:
552:"Taxonomy, natural history, and conservation of the Great-billed Seed-Finch Sporophila maximiliani (Cabanis, 1851) (Thraupidae, Sporophilinae)"
282:
Although the population is quickly declining due to trapping and loss of habitat, not much is known about its behavior and ecology.
406:
The great-billed seed finch is specialized to live in humid environments and is often associated with flooded areas and marshy borders.
456:
It is rare to uncommon. The population size is decreasing and there is estimated to be anywhere from 1000-2499 individuals. The
641:
746:
295:
352: The great-billed seed finch includes two subspecies. The first is the
1218:
70:
1144:
671:"When Black Plus White Equals Gray: The Nature of Variation in the Variable Seedeater Complex (Emberizinae: Sporophila)"
1208:
90:
805:
Goldschmidt, Beatriz; Nogueira, Denise Monnerat; Silva, Katia Pacheco Araujo; Souza, Lucia Moreno de (June 2000).
298:. Twenty years after his description was published, the seed finch was included in the newly proposed genus
384:
genus. Both the male and female great-billed seed finch are very similar in appearance to the male and female
267:, and heavily degraded former forest. They are found in two separate general populations, one in the northern
670:
394:
The eggs of the great-billed seed finch are grayish white with black blotches and light brown spots.
385:
807:"Study of the karyotype of Oryzoborus maximiliani (Passeriformes - Aves) using young feather pulp cultures"
1032:
185:
1006:
501:
1100:
1082:
1064:
1203:
1198:
55:
704:
377:
275:. They live in flooded areas with nests low to the ground. The adults express strong
220:
85:
1131:
1069:
1152:
975:
915:
828:
787:
752:
742:
622:
614:
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571:
276:
268:
1001:
967:
907:
869:
859:
818:
779:
606:
563:
551:
496:
212:
1157:
933:
419:
The great-billed seed finch is predominantly granivorous and feeds mainly on seeds of many
642:"A Revision of the Subspecies of Sporophila ("Oryzoborus") Angolensis (Aves: Emberizinae)"
478:
1170:
874:
847:
17:
1187:
487:
75:
823:
806:
783:
708:
303:
202:
864:
911:
610:
1055:
971:
1165:
848:"Complete mitochondrial genome of Sporophila maximiliani (Ave, Passeriformes)"
567:
421:
345:
311:
252:
162:
979:
919:
832:
791:
618:
575:
756:
260:
142:
102:
626:
583:
460:(IUCN) considers the species to be a species that is endangered globally.
1092:
1049:
425:
species. They are usually found in pairs. Not much more is known.
122:
1118:
1077:
272:
256:
152:
294:
when a female was collected on the eastern coast of Brazil in 1815 by
315:. They are a group of six species: the chestnut-bellied seed finch (
112:
1026:
367:
264:
993:
1105:
248:
132:
1030:
684:: 75–107 – via The Neotropical Ornithological Society.
737:
Ridgely, Robert S.; Tudor, Guy; Brown, William L. (1989).
309:
The seed finches were once categorized in the genus
1039:
649:
Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington
1007:10.2305/iucn.uk.2017-3.rlts.t22723537a118849676.en
934:"Great-billed Seed-finch (Sporophila maximiliani)"
502:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T22723537A155473409.en
741:. Austin, TX, USA: University of Texas Press.
458:International Union for Conservation of Nature
8:
1027:
211:
64:
40:
31:
1005:
994:"The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species"
873:
863:
822:
500:
469:
290:The great-billed seed finch was called
893:
891:
889:
887:
885:
599:Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
545:
543:
541:
539:
7:
732:
730:
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718:
664:
662:
537:
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529:
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525:
523:
521:
519:
998:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
488:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
335:), and the Nicaraguan seed finch (
259:are subtropical or tropical moist
25:
900:The Wilson Journal of Ornithology
296:Prince Maximilian of Wied-Neuwied
1194:IUCN Red List endangered species
89:
824:10.1590/S1415-47572000000200022
784:10.3161/00016454AO2018.53.2.007
477:BirdLife International (2019).
376:The great-billed seed finch is
811:Genetics and Molecular Biology
343:being subsumed into the genus
1:
1214:Birds of the Brazilian Amazon
960:Biodiversity and Conservation
865:10.1080/23802359.2017.1347840
372:great-billed seed finch skull
331:), great-billed seed finch (
327:), thick-billed seed finch (
323:), black-billed seed finch (
319:), large-billed seed finch (
912:10.1676/1559-4491-128.3.638
611:10.1016/j.ympev.2004.07.011
1235:
972:10.1007/s10531-019-01830-8
739:The birds of South America
958:maximiliani) in Brazil".
640:Olson, Storrs L. (1981).
568:10.11646/zootaxa.4442.4.4
495:: e.T22723537A155473409.
226:
219:
210:
191:
184:
86:Scientific classification
84:
62:
53:
48:
39:
34:
852:Mitochondrial DNA Part B
697:Ornithologia Neotropical
669:Stiles, F. Gary (1996).
443:Relationship with humans
398:Distribution and habitat
321:Oryzoborus crassirostris
35:Great-billed seed finch
1219:Birds described in 1851
678:Ornitologia Neotropical
386:large-billed seed finch
292:Fringilla crassirostris
239:great-billed seed finch
18:Great-billed seed-finch
1171:Oryzoborus-maximiliani
1070:Oryzoborus_maximiliani
1041:Oryzoborus maximiliani
481:Sporophila maximiliani
373:
333:Oryzoborus maximiliani
325:Oryzoborus atrirostris
244:Sporophila maximiliani
229:Oryzoborus maximiliani
195:Sporophila maximiliani
371:
317:Oryzoborus angolensis
271:and the other in the
410:Ecology and behavior
337:Oryzoborus nuttingi
329:Oryzoborus funereus
177:S. maximiliani
56:Conservation status
1209:Birds of Venezuela
772:Acta Ornithologica
378:sexually dimorphic
374:
304:Jean Louis Cabanis
247:) is a species of
1181:
1180:
1153:Open Tree of Life
1033:Taxon identifiers
354:S. m. maximiliani
277:sexual dimorphism
269:Amazon rainforest
235:
234:
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16:(Redirected from
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439:by the female.
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255:. Its natural
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27:Species of bird
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906:(3): 638–642.
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858:(2): 417–418.
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817:(2): 271–273.
797:
778:(2): 173–180.
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605:(3): 562–579.
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358:S. m. parkesi
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938:www.hbw.com
703:: 139–155.
655:(1): 43–51.
508:17 November
364:Description
1204:Seedeaters
1199:Sporophila
1188:Categories
1166:Xeno-canto
1013:2019-12-05
943:2019-12-05
464:References
436:Cyperaceae
422:Cyperaceae
382:Sporophila
346:Sporophila
341:Oryzoborus
312:Oryzoborus
300:Oryzoborus
253:Thraupidae
164:Sporophila
153:Thraupidae
71:Endangered
980:1572-9710
920:1559-4491
833:1415-4757
792:0001-6454
619:1055-7903
576:1175-5334
261:shrubland
171:Species:
109:Kingdom:
103:Eukaryota
1132:10953654
1090:BioLib:
1056:Q1586171
1050:Wikidata
1000:. 2017.
757:18381347
709:53057957
627:15522788
584:30313951
429:Breeding
306:(1851).
286:Taxonomy
257:habitats
221:Synonyms
149:Family:
123:Chordata
119:Phylum:
113:Animalia
99:Domain:
76:IUCN 3.1
1119:2492240
1106:1050365
1078:Avibase
875:7800134
556:Zootaxa
415:Feeding
273:Cerrado
205:, 1851)
203:Cabanis
159:Genus:
139:Order:
129:Class:
74: (
1145:561745
978:
918:
872:
831:
790:
755:
745:
707:
625:
617:
582:
574:
452:Status
265:swamps
1158:20533
1127:IRMNG
1093:28051
705:S2CID
674:(PDF)
645:(PDF)
49:male
1140:ITIS
1114:GBIF
976:ISSN
916:ISSN
829:ISSN
788:ISSN
753:OCLC
743:ISBN
623:PMID
615:ISSN
580:PMID
572:ISSN
560:4442
510:2021
493:2019
249:bird
237:The
133:Aves
1101:EoL
1065:ADW
1002:doi
968:doi
908:doi
904:128
870:PMC
860:doi
819:doi
780:doi
607:doi
564:doi
497:doi
302:by
1190::
1168::
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1080::
1067::
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996:.
974:.
964:29
962:.
936:.
914:.
902:.
884:^
868:.
854:.
850:.
827:.
815:23
813:.
809:.
786:.
776:53
774:.
751:.
717:^
701:24
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676:.
661:^
653:94
651:.
647:.
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613:.
603:33
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578:.
570:.
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554:.
518:^
491:.
485:.
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263:,
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1004::
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479:"
241:(
201:(
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20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
