1665:
952:
2265:
1262:
184:
5806:
73:
2095:
1276:
1934:, also contains the oldest palace in Russia (the so-called Chamber of the Facets, 1433), which served as the main meeting hall of the archbishops; the oldest Russian bell tower (mid-15th century), and the oldest Russian clock tower (1673). The Palace of Facets, the bell tower, and the clock tower were originally built on the orders of Archbishop Euphimius II, although the clock tower collapsed in the 17th century and had to be rebuilt and much of the palace of Euphimius II is no longer standing. Among later structures, the most remarkable are a royal palace (1771) and a bronze monument to the
932:). The city has warm summers with temperatures reaching over 30 °C (86 °F) and relatively cold winters with frequent snowfall. The lowest air temperature ever recorded is -45 °C (-49 °F). The warmest month is July with a daily mean of 18.7 °C (65 °F), the coldest month is February with a daily mean of -6 °C (21 °F). The highest amount of precipitation is on average in June with 73 mm (2.9 inches) of precipitation, the driest is March with 30 mm (1.2 inches) of precipitation. The annual amount of precipitation is 603 mm (23.7 inches) .
2302:
1618:, which lasted for a decade in the mid-15th century. This scarcity had profound implications for the population and the city's stability during that time, including its downfall. Novgorod was a hub for trade, attracting German merchants in substantial numbers, around 200 German merchants resided in the trade city in the 1430s, comprising about 1% of the total population of Novgorod at that time. The interactions between these merchants and the local population contributed to the nature of Novgorod during that time, influencing its economic prosperity and cultural diversity.
2150:
3940:Новгородская областная Дума. Областной закон №284-ОЗ от 7 июня 2004 г. «О наделении сельских районов и города Великий Новгород статусом муниципальных районов и городского округа Новгородской области и утверждении границ их территорий», в ред. Областного закона №802-ОЗ от 31 августа 2015 г. «О внесении изменений в некоторые областные Законы, устанавливающие границы муниципальных образований». Вступил в силу со дня, следующего за днём официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Новгородские ведомости", №86, 22 июня 2004 г.
2492:
151:
217:
122:
2043:(1384), to the Twelve Apostles (1455), to St Demetrius (1467), to St. Simeon (1462), and other saints. Generally, they are not thought to be as innovative as the churches from the previous period. Several shrines from the 12th century (i.e., in Opoki) were demolished brick by brick and then reconstructed exactly as they used to be, several of them in the mid-fifteenth century, again under Archbishop Yevfimy II (Euthymius II), perhaps one of the greatest patrons of architecture in medieval Novgorod.
490:
2317:
1942:
1120:
5439:
5799:
3908:Дума Великого Новгорода. Решение №116 от 28 апреля 2005 г. «Устав муниципального образования – городского округа Великий Новгород», в ред. Решения №515 от 11 июня 2015 г. «О внесении изменений в Устав муниципального образования – городского округа Великий Новгород». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования, но не ранее 1 января 2006 года, за исключением статей, для которых подпунктом 5.1 установлены иные сроки вступления в силу.
2135:
110:
2123:
2464:
1870:
2438:
2171:
1899:, are buried in the cathedral. It is one of the best preserved churches from the 11th century. It is also probably the oldest structure still in use in Russia and the first one to represent original features of Russian architecture (austere stone walls, five helmet-like domes). Its frescoes were painted in the 12th century originally on the orders of Bishop Nikita (died 1108) (the "porches" or side chapels were painted in 1144 under
4121:
2111:
1736:, Novgorodian merchants were trading in the Baltic cities and Stockholm while Swedish merchants came to Novgorod where they had their own trading post since 1627. Novgorod continued to be a major centre of crafts which employed the majority of its population. There were more than 200 distinct professions in 16th century. Bells, cannons and other arms were produced in Novgorod; its silversmiths were famous for the
2477:
2451:
2386:
1484:
2399:
2373:
2287:
2425:
2412:
1664:
1472:. The Mongol army turned back about 200 kilometers (120 mi) from the city, not because of the city's strength, but probably because the Mongol commanders did not want to get bogged down in the marshlands surrounding the city. However, the grand princes of Moscow, who acted as tax collectors for the khans of the Golden Horde, did collect tribute in Novgorod, most notably
1657:
3924:Администрация Новгородской области. Постановление №121 от 8 апреля 2008 г. «Об реестре административно-территориального устройства области», в ред. Постановления №408 от 4 августа 2014 г. «О внесении изменений в реестр административно-территориального устройства области». Опубликован: "Новгородские ведомости", №49–50, 16 апреля 2008 г.
3764:
3956:Государственная Дума Российской Федерации. Федеральный закон №111-ФЗ от 11 июня 1999 г. «О переименовании города Новгорода — административного центра Новгородской области в город Великий Новгород». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Собрание законодательства РФ", No.24, ст. 2892, 14 июня 1999 г.
224:
191:
158:
1716:. The conflict led to further depopulation: the number of homesteads in the city decreased from 1158 in 1607 to only 493 in 1617, with the Sofia side described as 'deserted'. Novgorod only regained a measure of its former prosperity towards the end of the century, when such ambitious buildings as the Cathedral of the Sign and the
1142:. Novgorod's size as well as its political, economic, and cultural influence made it the second most important city in Kievan Rus'. According to a custom, the elder son and heir of the ruling Kievan monarch was sent to rule Novgorod even as a minor. When the ruling monarch had no such son, Novgorod was governed by
1384:
can be drawn up, the city-state's exact political constitution remains unknown. The boyars and the archbishop ruled the city together, although where one official's power ended and another's began is uncertain. The prince, although his power was reduced from around the middle of the 12th century, was
1696:
restored trade privileges and raised the status of
Novgorod bishop. The German trading post was reestablished in 1603. Even after the incorporation into the Russian state Novgorod land retained its distinct identity and institutions, including the customs policy and administrative division. Certain
1807:. As of 2020, regular archeological rescue work continues across the site. In 1999, the city was officially renamed Veliky Novgorod (literally 'Great Novgorod'), thus partly reverting to its medieval title "Lord Novgorod the Great". This reduced the temptation to confuse Veliky Novgorod with
2058:(1515), the Cathedral of the Mother of God of the Sign (1688), the St. Nicholas Cathedral of Vyaschizhy Monastery (1685). Nevertheless, the styles of some parochial churches were still in keeping with local traditions: e.g., the churches of Myrrh-bearing Women (1510) and of Saints
72:
2016:
1243:. At Novgorod in 1080, Visby merchants established a trading post which they named Gutagard (also known as Gotenhof). Later, in the first half of the 13th century, merchants from northern Germany also established their own trading station in Novgorod, known as the
1991:
There are now some fifty medieval and early modern churches scattered throughout the city and its surrounding areas. Some of them were blown up by the Nazis and subsequently restored. The most ancient pattern is represented by those dedicated to
1647:
was dissolved and a significant part of
Novgorod's aristocracy, merchants and smaller landholding families was deported to central Russia. The Hanseatic League kontor was closed in 1494 and the goods stored there were seized by Muscovite forces.
1487:
The 16th century Vision of
Tarasius icon depicts Novgorod with the Sofia side to the left and the Commercial side to the right. The inhabitants of the city are shown doing their day-to-day work while being guarded by the
2077:, a museum of wooden architecture was established in 1964. Over twenty wooden buildings (churches, houses and mills) dating from the 14th to the 19th century were transported there from all around the Novgorod region.
6946:
1555:
retained the Saint Olof trading house well into the 12th century. Later German merchantmen also established tradinghouses in
Novgorod. Scandinavian royalty would intermarry with Russian princes and princesses.
951:
1176:) among the Eastern Slavs and is said to have granted the city a number of freedoms or privileges, which they often referred to in later centuries as precedents in their relations with other princes. His son,
2038:
During the last century of the republican government, some new churches were consecrated to Saints Peter and Paul (on Slavna, 1367; in
Kozhevniki, 1406), to Christ's Nativity (at the Cemetery, 1387), to
2264:
3919:. Effective as of the day of official publication but not earlier than January 1, 2006, with the exception of the clauses for which subitem 5.1 establishes other dates of taking effect.).
986:
and a century after it was allegedly founded. Archaeological dating is fairly easy and accurate to within 15–25 years, as the streets were paved with wood, and most of the houses made of wood, allowing
2015:(1230s) and St. Nicholas' on the Lipnya Islet (1292, also notable for its 14th-century frescoes). The next century saw the development of two original church designs, one of them culminating in
3016:[throughout the composition and recording of the sagas, in the minds of the authors and their listeners, Hólmgarðr remained the capital of the country Garðar/Garðaríki across the Baltic Sea]
183:
6310:
1903:) and renovated several times over the centuries, most recently in the nineteenth century. The cathedral features famous bronze gates, which now hang in the west entrance, allegedly made in
5805:
3945:
On
Granting the Status of Municipal Districts and Urban Okrug of Novgorod Oblast to the Rural Districts and the City of Veliky Novgorod and on Establishing the Borders of Their Territories
6767:
1591:, along with Danish and Swedish feudal lords, launched a series of uncoordinated attacks between 1240 and 1242. Novgorodian sources mention that a Swedish army was defeated in the
2737:(Scientific American), pp. 120–127, c. 1994. Covers, History, Kremlin of Novgorod, Novgorod Museum of History, preservation dynamics of the soils, and the production of
2094:
1261:
1761:
5084:
4822:
1740:
technique used for religious items and jewellery. Novgorod chests were in widespread use all across Russia, including the Tsar's household and the northern monasteries.
979:. The Charter of Veliky Novgorod recognizes 859 as the year when the city was first mentioned. Novgorod is traditionally considered to be a cradle of Russian statehood.
6689:
6303:
385:
1296:. The city was able to invite and dismiss a number of princes over the next two centuries, but the princely office was never abolished and powerful princes, such as
6936:
2276:. The trolleybus network, which currently consists of five routes, started operating in 1995 and is the first trolley system opened in Russia after the fall of the
1804:
982:
The oldest archaeological excavations in the middle to late 20th century, however, have found cultural layers dating back to the late 10th century, the time of the
565:
3614:(Danbury, CT: Rutledge Books, 1999), Chapter III "An Enigma: The Medieval Bronze Church Door of Płock in the Cathedral of Novgorod," 67-97; Mikhail Tsapenko, ed.,
2050:
in 1478 decisively changed the character of local architecture. Large commissions were thenceforth executed by
Muscovite masters and patterned after cathedrals of
7116:
6694:
2356:
2020:
4175:
4013:
1544:
7052:
6941:
6760:
6646:
6626:
4855:
3014:"в сознании авторов и их слушателей Хольмгард на всем протяжении сложения и записи саг оставался столицей лежащей за Балтийским морем страны Гарды/Гардарики"
3130:
6926:
6491:
6472:
6296:
5299:
3898:
3878:
1850:
1919:
in 1187. More recent scholarship has determined that the gates were most likely purchased in the mid-15th century, apparently at the behest of
Archbishop
5631:
2210:
1289:
1044:(prince), dates from the mid-9th century, whereas the town itself dates only from the end of the 10th century; hence the name Novgorod, "new city", from
150:
6631:
6463:
2762:
2622:
7126:
7101:
6753:
5451:
976:
63:
5798:
2301:
1795:
the city on 19 January 1944. Out of 2,536 stone buildings, fewer than forty remained standing. After the war, thanks to plans laid down by
1551:
system. A vast array of goods were transported along these routes and exchanged with local
Novgorod merchants and other traders. The farmers of
6822:
6776:
5077:
216:
3975:
3319:
3114:
1457:) were written in the scriptorium of the archbishops who also promoted iconography and patronized church construction. The Novgorod merchant
252:
2149:
1844:
1085:
word. First mention of this Norse etymology to the name of the city of
Novgorod (and that of other cities within the territory of the then
416:
121:
1799:, the central part was gradually restored. In 1992, the chief monuments of the city and the surrounding area were inscribed on the UNESCO
7111:
5609:
5339:
4152:
2890:
2028:
1247:. At about the same time, in 1229, German merchants at Novgorod were granted certain privileges, which made their position more secure.
1123:
85:
1980:, and Kyurik, the head of the monastery). A similar three-domed cathedral (1117), probably designed by the same masters, stands in the
6525:
3980:
Peter Bogucki. Novgorod (in Lost Cities; 50 Discoveries in World Archaeology, edited by Paul G. Bahn: Barnes & Noble, Inc., 1997)
2942:, and there are various explanations for why they gave this name. According to Rydzevskaya, the Norse name is derived from the Slavic
2293:
2230:
1965:
1945:
1888:
1880:
1536:
1225:
1181:
2652:
5070:
4006:
3985:
3691:
3528:
3503:
3478:
3453:
3428:
3403:
3085:
3036:
2787:
2711:
2035:
masters, but the church was destroyed during the war. While the church has since been rebuilt, the frescoes have not been restored.
1275:
673:
2134:
1792:
1351:, or "thousandman", originally the head of the town militia but later a commercial and judicial official, was also elected by the
6880:
6641:
4848:
926:
4110:
1680:(with 5,300 homesteads and 25–30 thousand inhabitants in the 1550s) and remained so until the famine of the 1560s and the
1393:, or lieutenant, and still played important roles as a military commander, legislator and jurist. The exact composition of the
5438:
3733:
7037:
5624:
2011:
In the 13th century, tiny churches of the three-paddled design were in vogue. These are represented by a small chapel at the
1993:
1621:
The city's downfall occurred partially as a result of its inability to feed its large population, making it dependent on the
1584:
1576:
3191:
Michael C. Paul, "The Iaroslavichi and the Novgorodian Veche 1230–1270: A Case Study on Princely Relations with the Veche",
2316:
1040:, who supposedly made it his "capital" around 860). Archaeological data suggests that the Gorodishche, the residence of the
3795:
6903:
6456:
1688:
sacked the city, slaughtered thousands of its inhabitants, and deported the city's merchant elite and nobility to Moscow,
7106:
1026:
as existing at a yet earlier stage, but the correlation of this reference with the actual city is uncertain. Originally,
6837:
6817:
6350:
3999:
2344:
2081:
1757:
109:
2244:
was decommissioned in 2006, and the area has now been redeveloped into a residential neighbourhood. The still existing
6780:
4841:
4170:
2510:
510:
3768:
983:
2905:
Valentin Lavrentyevich Ianin and Mark Khaimovich Aleshkovsky. "Proskhozhdeniye Novgoroda: (k postanovke problemy),"
2110:
7121:
6430:
2202:
1281:
294:
504:
173000–173005, 173007–173009, 173011–173016, 173018, 173020–173025, 173700, 173899, 173920, 173955, 173990, 173999
7011:
6986:
6978:
6699:
5617:
5209:
4601:
3375:
3134:
2520:
2122:
1508:(soon to be the khan's tax-collector in Russia) and his Mongol overlords. In the 14th century, raids by Novgorod
1450:
1312:, making it one of the largest states in medieval Europe, although much of the territory north and east of Lakes
922:
38:
7096:
6968:
6788:
6734:
6449:
5523:
4207:
3806:
2938:
1976:(one of the oldest in Russia, 1030) contains a tall, three-domed cathedral from 1119 (built by Mstislav's son,
1920:
1572:
1454:
1092:
1032:
referred to the stronghold, now only 2 km (1.2 miles) to the south of the center of the present-day city,
964:
596:
3157:
Traders, ties and tensions: the interactions of Lübeckers, Overijsslers and Hollanders in Late Medieval Bergen
2752:
733:. It is one of the oldest cities in Russia, being first mentioned in the 9th century. The city lies along the
330:
3444:
J.T., Russia's Foreign Trade and Economic Expansion in the Seventeenth Century: Windows on the World (2005).
3107:
Saints and their Lives on the Periphery: Veneration of Saints in Scandinavia and Eastern Europe (c.1000-1200)
2612:
6661:
6410:
6320:
5332:
4486:
3302:
Baltic Hospitality from the Middle Ages to the Twentieth Century: Receiving Strangers in Northeastern Europe
1811:, a larger city the other side of Moscow which, between 1932 and 1990, had been renamed Gorky, in honour of
1785:
1717:
1265:
322:
114:
3102:
7029:
6865:
6545:
5170:
5093:
4050:
4038:
1854:
1842:, even though it is not a part of it. As an administrative division, it is incorporated separately as the
1835:
1469:
1404:
1358:
498:
442:
402:
4617:
3965:
On Renaming the City of Novgorod—the Administrative Center of Novgorod Oblast—the City of Veliky Novgorod
2286:
1692:
and elsewhere. The last decade of the 16th century was a comparatively favourable period for the city as
6676:
6481:
5874:
4764:
2214:
1827:
1673:
1638:
1596:
1445:
have been unearthed in excavations, perhaps suggesting widespread literacy. It was in Novgorod that the
960:
722:
463:
426:
1608:
1560:
1119:
3970:
William Craft Brumfield. A History of Russian Architecture (Seattle: Univ. of Washington Press, 2004)
3810:
6916:
6855:
6845:
6745:
6595:
6560:
6540:
6530:
6510:
6405:
6192:
5413:
4784:
3872:
2515:
2101:
1935:
1887:
The city is known for the variety and age of its medieval monuments. The foremost among these is the
1875:
1839:
1800:
1749:
1729:
1681:
1449:, the oldest Slavic book written north of Bulgaria, and the oldest inscription in a Finnic language (
1407:
Valentin Ianin and Aleksandr Khoroshev, see it as a "sham democracy" controlled by the ruling elite.
1217:
1177:
1172:, was a prince in Kiev. Yaroslav promulgated the first written code of laws (later incorporated into
1155:
742:
81:
3296:
Lukin, Pavel V. (2022), Nauman, Sari; Jezierski, Wojtek; Reimann, Christina; Runefelt, Leif (eds.),
3065:[The main residence of the king of Garðar is in Hólmgarðaborg, which is now called Nógarðar]
2948:
which means "town on a hill" and may allude to the "old town" preceding the "new town", or Novgorod.
1941:
1496:
tax-collectors and census-takers arrived in the city, leading to political disturbances and forcing
6963:
6931:
6812:
6605:
6555:
6535:
6222:
6136:
5529:
3927:(Administration of Novgorod Oblast. Resolution #121 of April 8, 2008
3052:
2738:
2442:
2252:
into a new operational airport by 2025. The nearest international airport is St. Petersburg's
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2141:
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2001:
1969:
1949:
1896:
1442:
1372:
1244:
1165:
1033:
946:
764:
758:
572:
554:
97:
3170:
1764:). This administrative division existed until 1927. Between 1927 and 1944, the city was a part of
6958:
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3839:
3630:"Medieval Churches in Novgorod: Aspects of archaeological investigations and museum presentation"
3571:
3546:"Medieval Churches in Novgorod: Aspects of archaeological investigations and museum presentation"
2047:
1981:
1961:
1900:
1713:
1709:
1634:
1592:
1400:
1213:
1169:
913:
and was one of Europe's largest cities. The "Великий" part was added to the city's name in 1999.
4704:
3204:
Michael C. Paul, "Secular Power and the Archbishops of Novgorod Before the Muscovite Conquest".
1883:
in the background. The upper row of figures is cast in the round and the lower one is in relief.
489:
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3656:
1869:
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6505:
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3029:
In Austrvegr: The Role of the Eastern Baltic in Viking Age Communication across the Baltic Sea
2886:
2783:
2730:
2707:
2187:
2170:
1977:
1892:
1685:
1677:
1540:
1293:
1269:
1256:
1209:
910:
2857:
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1583:
since the late 12th century. Novgorod went to war 26 times with Sweden and 11 times with the
7019:
6996:
6585:
6100:
5854:
5641:
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4927:
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4804:
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4534:
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4129:
4083:
4058:
3637:
3553:
3521:В составе Московского государства: очерки истории Великого Новгорода конца XV-начала XVIII в
3496:В составе Московского государства: очерки истории Великого Новгорода конца XV-начала XVIII в
3471:В составе Московского государства: очерки истории Великого Новгорода конца XV-начала XVIII в
3421:В составе Московского государства: очерки истории Великого Новгорода конца XV-начала XVIII в
3305:
3270:
3258:
2996:
2191:
2183:
2074:
2055:
2040:
2005:
1973:
1927:
1765:
1701:
1497:
1411:
1297:
1205:
1131:
1098:
988:
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750:
691:
679:
615:
93:
89:
4341:
4137:
1996:(on the Swallow's Hill, 1185–1192), to Annunciation (in Myachino, 1179), to Assumption (on
6951:
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6324:
6197:
5427:
4744:
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4199:
4103:
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1997:
1985:
1960:
Outside the Kremlin walls, there are three large churches constructed during the reign of
1808:
1796:
1769:
1721:
1622:
1505:
1501:
1173:
1102:
1045:
726:
433:
299:
31:
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4870:
4147:
2390:
1938:, representing the most important figures from the country's history (unveiled in 1862).
3943:(Novgorod Oblast Duma. Oblast Law #284-OZ of June 7, 2004
3911:(Duma of Veliky Novgorod. Decision #116 of April 28, 2005
3232:
Treasure of the Land of Darkness: the Fur Trade and its Significance for Medieval Russia
1184:, more accurately translated as the Cathedral of Holy Wisdom, which stands to this day.
7001:
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6636:
6370:
6237:
6232:
6182:
6046:
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5513:
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5401:
5390:
5310:
In italics are cities internationally recognized as part of Ukraine occupied by Russia.
5145:
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4456:
4386:
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4336:
4303:
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3933:
On Amending the Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Novgorod Oblast
2481:
2463:
2218:
2206:
2059:
2051:
1753:
1532:
1473:
1446:
1334:
1309:
1139:
1086:
3629:
3356:
Kazakova, N. A. (1984). "Еще раз о закрытии Ганзейского двора в Новгороде в 1494 г.".
3298:"German Merchants in Novgorod: Hospitality and Hostility, Twelfth–Fifteenth Centuries"
1891:, built between 1045 and 1050 under the patronage of Vladimir Yaroslavich, the son of
7090:
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5938:
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2066:
1725:
1693:
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1548:
1114:
734:
4326:
3949:
On Amending Various Oblast Laws Establishing the Borders of the Municipal Formations
2248:
does not serve any regular flights since mid-1990s although there is a plan to turn
1724:, was active in Novgorod between 1648 and 1652. The Novgorod Land became one of the
6921:
6860:
6796:
6385:
5823:
5199:
5011:
4809:
4622:
4566:
4514:
4022:
3257:
Ljungqvist, Fredrik Charpentier; Seim, Andrea; Huhtamaa, Heli (November 19, 2020).
2455:
2403:
2336:
2277:
2012:
1781:
1493:
1240:
1221:
6040:
5722:
4351:
3001:
1483:
3056:
2985:"Garðaríki and Its Capital: Novgorod on the Mental Map of Medieval Scandinavians"
2682:
1732:. The city remained an important trade centre even though it was now eclipsed by
1712:
in the summer of 1611. The city was restituted to Muscovy six years later by the
6991:
6850:
6375:
5943:
5730:
5472:
5274:
5269:
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5108:
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4648:
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4356:
4281:
4254:
4162:
4120:
4033:
3310:
2362:
2024:
1812:
1733:
1697:
elective offices were quickly restored after having been abolished by Ivan III.
1477:
1419:
1313:
1300:, could assert their will in the city regardless of what Novgorodians said. The
1082:
484:
3951:. Effective as of the day following the day of the official publication.).
3171:"Medieval Sourcebook: Privileges Granted to German Merchants at Novgorod, 1229"
6893:
6807:
6724:
6035:
5914:
5740:
5710:
5578:
5558:
5500:
5494:
5150:
4724:
4653:
4559:
4391:
4381:
4346:
4239:
4088:
3960:
3947:, as amended by the Oblast Law #802-OZ of August 31, 2015
3929:
On the Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Novgorod Oblast
3917:
On Amending the Charter of the Municipal Formation–Veliky Novgorod Urban Okrug
3707:
3297:
2429:
2273:
1515:
1317:
1301:
1193:
1023:
968:
738:
17:
3567:
3282:
2596:
2084:
are found at the war cemetery in Novgorod, and 1,900 soldiers of the Spanish
267:
254:
7072:
6827:
6704:
6621:
6425:
6365:
6161:
6124:
6025:
5827:
5774:
5769:
5362:
5188:
5160:
4994:
4975:
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4632:
4596:
4549:
4539:
4504:
4446:
4371:
4331:
4271:
3871:
3859:
3830:
3473:(in Russian). Русско-Балтийский информационный центр БЛИЦ. pp. 44, 45.
2377:
2323:
1904:
1689:
1525:
1388:
1368:
1346:
1197:
1147:
995:
475:
5950:
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5756:
5690:
4581:
4244:
4224:
3851:
3523:(in Russian). Русско-Балтийский информационный центр БЛИЦ. pp. 52–60.
1656:
1441:
Throughout the Middle Ages, the city thrived culturally. A large number of
3931:, as amended by the Resolution #408 of August 4, 2014
3822:
3763:
1224:
of Olaf II of Norway, the city's community had erected in his memory
7066:
6714:
6709:
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6260:
6166:
6020:
6009:
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5764:
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5279:
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5175:
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5113:
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3800:
2925:
2416:
2234:
1908:
1789:
1737:
1462:
1326:
1204:
kings and yarls came to Novgorod seeking refuge or employment, including
1159:
1151:
1143:
3612:
The Message of Faith and Symbol in European Medieval Bronze Church Doors
2004:, 1207). The greatest masterpiece of early Novgorod architecture is the
1857:, the city of oblast significance of Veliky Novgorod is incorporated as
1672:
At the time of annexation, Novgorod became the third largest city under
7042:
6888:
6801:
6719:
6415:
6390:
6355:
6345:
6267:
6256:
6227:
6212:
6187:
6113:
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6052:
6001:
5958:
5735:
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5593:
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5459:
5395:
5384:
5239:
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5123:
5118:
4789:
4749:
4714:
4689:
4591:
4421:
4361:
4234:
4212:
4142:
3915:, as amended by the Decision #515 of June 11, 2015
3498:(in Russian). Русско-Балтийский информационный центр БЛИЦ. p. 71.
2958:
2476:
2468:
2450:
2385:
2372:
2226:
1916:
1604:
1568:
1552:
1305:
1232:
3891:
3642:
3558:
3063:í Hólmgarðaborg er mest atsetr Garðakonúngs, þat er nú kallat Nógarðar
2706:(repr. in paperback ed.). Woodbridge: Boydell Press. p. 23.
2019:(1360–1361, fine frescoes from 1380s), and another one leading to the
1403:, claiming it was democratic in nature, while later scholars, such as
1126:, a symbol of the city and the main cathedral of the Novgorod Republic
6729:
6651:
6420:
6271:
6202:
6129:
6106:
6093:
6079:
6057:
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5849:
5843:
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5705:
5700:
5545:
5294:
5289:
5284:
5244:
5140:
5097:
5050:
5031:
5025:
5019:
5000:
4952:
4921:
4902:
4833:
4729:
4524:
4276:
4266:
4229:
3963:. Federal Law #111-FZ of June 11, 1999
3785:
3217:
Michael C. Paul, "Episcopal Election in Novgorod, Russia 1156–1478".
2424:
2411:
2398:
2198:
2179:
2032:
1953:
1912:
1831:
1705:
1626:
1615:
1600:
1588:
1564:
1509:
1435:
1415:
1340:
1201:
1078:
909:
At its peak during the 14th century, the city was the capital of the
754:
746:
730:
585:
480:
287:
4286:
3274:
2834:
2813:
1575:, the Swedes invaded lands where some of the population had earlier
1563:, Novgorod struggled from the beginning of the 13th century against
1422:, of the league, being the source of enormous quantities of luxury (
6263:
were both chief city of the Westphalian Quarter at different times.
1915:) and reportedly snatched by Novgorodians from the Swedish town of
1331:, or mayor, an official elected by the public assembly (called the
1036:(named in comparatively modern times after the Varangian chieftain
6395:
6207:
5922:
5779:
5518:
5224:
5214:
5204:
5165:
4799:
4774:
4709:
4571:
4554:
4519:
4481:
4461:
4291:
4217:
2930:
2862:(in Russian). Государственное издательство Политической литературы
2491:
2308:
2263:
2222:
2169:
1940:
1868:
1663:
1655:
1521:
1482:
1458:
1427:
1423:
1361:
who shared power with the boyars. Archbishops were elected by the
1304:
controlled most of Europe's northeast, from lands east of today's
1274:
1260:
1239:
functioned as the leading trading center in the Baltic before the
1236:
1118:
1041:
1037:
967:
first mentions it in 862, when it was purportedly already a major
950:
520:
3243:
Janet Martin, “Les Uškujniki de Novgorod: Marchands ou Pirates.”
1633:, used this dependence to gain control over Novgorod. Eventually
1220:. No more than a few decades after the 1030 death and subsequent
6335:
6275:
6242:
5966:
5568:
5478:
5249:
4890:
4779:
4668:
4586:
4436:
3790:
3378:, Общественные науки и современность. 1994. № 4. С. 51-62. p. 9
2496:
1768:, and then became the administrative center of the newly formed
1630:
1595:
in 1240. The Baltic German campaigns ended in failure after the
1135:
786:
6749:
6445:
6292:
5613:
5321:
5066:
4837:
3995:
3991:
1614:
In the 15th century, Novgorod faced significant struggles with
1453:) were unearthed. Some of the most ancient Russian chronicles (
470:
Veliky Novgorod Urban Okrug, Novgorodsky Municipal District
3913:
Charter of the Municipal Formation–Veliky Novgorod Urban Okrug
1968:(1113–1123), containing frescoes of Mstislav's family, graces
1923:(1429–1458), a lover of Western art and architectural styles.
1788:. Its historic monuments were systematically obliterated. The
1431:
630:
3668:
3304:, Cham: Springer International Publishing, pp. 117–142,
3168:
Translation of the grant of privileges to merchants in 1229:
1528:, assisting Novgorod in wars with the Grand Duchy of Moscow.
1268:
is one of eight ancient monasteries of the old Russian state
5317:
3796:
The Faceted Palace of the Kremlin in Novgorod the Great site
2677:Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (
2617:[2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1].
1323:
One of the most important local figures in Novgorod was the
1168:
was Prince of Novgorod from 1010 to 1019, while his father,
781:
3423:(in Russian). Русско-Балтийский информационный центр БЛИЦ.
1720:
were constructed. The most famous of Muscovite patriarchs,
656:
636:
621:
662:
647:
3967:. Effective as of the day of official publication.).
3777:
1849:—an administrative unit with status equal to that of the
1410:
In the 13th century, Novgorod, while not a member of the
653:
3686:(5th ed.). New York: Springer Verlag. p. 321.
3109:. Cursor Mundi. Vol. 9. Brepols. pp. 147–167.
2943:
2272:
Local transportation consists of a network of buses and
1748:
In 1727, Novgorod was made the administrative center of
1579:
to Novgorod. The Germans had been trying to conquer the
1320:
was sparsely populated and never organized politically.
535:
6889:
Citadel, Ancient City and Fortress Buildings of Derbent
2197:
The city has direct railway passenger connections with
1468:
Novgorod was never conquered by the Mongols during the
1378:
While a basic outline of the various officials and the
1292:. The year is seen as the traditional beginning of the
2614:Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1
5644:
by quarter, and trading posts of the Hanseatic League
3206:
Kritika: Explorations in Russian and Eurasian History
2883:
Changing Russia? : history, culture and business
2757:[2020 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]
2256:, some 180 kilometres (112 miles) north of the city.
1642:
1513:
1394:
1386:
1379:
1362:
1352:
1344:
1332:
1324:
1066:
1060:
1054:
1048:
674:
644:
633:
6947:
Historic Centre of Saint Petersburg and Surroundings
3801:
Veliky Novgorod's architecture and buildings history
3398:(in Russian). Европейский Дом. pp. 48, 72, 73.
1607:. On 12 August 1323, Sweden and Novgorod signed the
665:
659:
650:
627:
618:
436:, city of oblast significance of Veliky Novgorod
7028:
7010:
6977:
6902:
6879:
6836:
6787:
6675:
6614:
6498:
6175:
6152:
6077:
5997:
5990:
5895:
5888:
5820:
5813:
5687:
5680:
5487:
5446:
5370:
5041:
5010:
4985:
4966:
4937:
4912:
4869:
4682:
4641:
4610:
4495:
4410:
4317:
4193:
4161:
4128:
4049:
3396:Великий Новгород. Взгляд из Европы XV-XIX centuries
3219:
Church History: Studies in Christianity and Culture
3105:. In Antonsson, Haki; Garipzanov, Ildar H. (eds.).
1399:, too, is uncertain, with some historians, such as
641:
624:
591:
581:
571:
561:
552:
530:
519:
509:
497:
474:
460:
449:
440:
423:
409:
400:
392:
381:
373:
365:
360:
352:
344:
339:
328:
318:
313:
305:
293:
283:
51:
3061:(in Icelandic). Kaupmannahöfn: Popp. p. 362:
2704:The black death, 1346 - 1353: the complete history
1668:Kremlin square on postcard of the early XX century
3902:. Vol. 19 (11th ed.). pp. 839–840.
3058:Fornaldar sögur Nordrlanda eptir gömlum handritum
2754:Всероссийская перепись населения 2020 года. Том 1
2611:Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011).
2000:, 1180s) and to St. Paraskeva-Piatnitsa (at
1907:in 1156 (other sources see them originating from
1838:, it also serves as the administrative center of
1288:In 1136, the Novgorodians dismissed their prince
3817:. London: Printed by J. Nichols, for T. Cadell.
3669:"Аэропорт Кречевицы начнёт работать в 2025 году"
3234:. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1985).
2829:
2827:
2619:Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года
7038:Assumption Cathedral and Monastery of Sviyazhsk
6937:Historic Monuments of Novgorod and Surroundings
3815:Travels into Poland, Russia, Sweden and Denmark
2657:Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации
1805:Historic Monuments of Novgorod and Surroundings
1762:Administrative divisions of Russia in 1727–1728
1625:region for grain. The main cities in the area,
1599:in 1242. After the foundation of the castle of
1072:
1017:
1011:
566:Historic Monuments of Novgorod and Surroundings
37:"Novgorod" redirects here. For other uses, see
6274:became inaccessible due to the silting of the
2885:(1st ed.). Helsinki: Finemor. p. 1.
2357:List of twin towns and sister cities in Russia
1948:, built by Mstislav I near his palace at
1611:, regulating their border for the first time.
963:makes initial mention of it in 859, while the
6942:Churches of the Pskov School of Architecture
6761:
6457:
6304:
5625:
5333:
5078:
4849:
4007:
3954:
3938:
3922:
3906:
2814:"Федеральный закон от 11.06.1999 г. № 111-ФЗ"
2567:
2565:
1972:(formerly the chief square of Novgorod). The
1371:, and after their election, were sent to the
716:
8:
7053:Astronomical Observatory of Kazan University
3882:. Vol. 19 (11th ed.). p. 839.
2919:
2174:Novgorod main railway station, built in 1953
1027:
1005:
999:
772:
6927:Petroglyphs of Lake Onega and the White Sea
6473:Administrative divisions of Novgorod Oblast
3376:Откуда есть пошла... российская цивилизация
3076:Franklin, Simon; Shepard, Jonathan (2014).
2579:
2577:
1357:. Another important local official was the
1090:
1089:) occurs in the 10th-century policy manual
696:
6768:
6754:
6746:
6464:
6450:
6442:
6311:
6297:
6289:
5994:
5892:
5817:
5684:
5632:
5618:
5610:
5340:
5326:
5318:
5085:
5071:
5063:
4856:
4842:
4834:
4158:
4014:
4000:
3992:
3519:Варенцов, В. А.; Коваленко, Г. М. (1999).
3494:Варенцов, В. А.; Коваленко, Г. М. (1999).
3469:Варенцов, В. А.; Коваленко, Г. М. (1999).
3419:Варенцов, В. А.; Коваленко, Г. М. (1999).
2751:Russian Federal State Statistics Service.
2591:
2589:
2583:Charter of Veliky Novgorod, Article 6
771:
488:
48:
3641:
3618:(Moscow: Progress Publisher, 1969), 34-38
3557:
3544:Vdovichenko, Marina (February 28, 2020).
3309:
3259:"Climate and society in European history"
3000:
1500:to punish a number of town officials (he
3195:31, No. 1-2 (Spring-Summer 2004): 39-59.
3103:"The Cult of St Olaf and Early Novgorod"
2638:
2636:
2634:
2632:
2555:
2553:
2551:
2549:
2547:
2545:
1603:in 1293 the Swedes gained a foothold in
1438:) and non-luxury furs (squirrel pelts).
1196:the city is mentioned as the capital of
6797:Church of the Ascension in Kolomenskoye
3389:
3387:
3133:. european-heritage.org. Archived from
2881:Ketola, Kari; Vihavainen, Timo (2014).
2532:
2282:
2090:
1545:route from the Varangians to the Greeks
977:route from the Varangians to the Greeks
529:
496:
473:
439:
399:
359:
351:
338:
312:
304:
282:
247:
223:
190:
157:
142:
103:
69:
6823:White Monuments of Vladimir and Suzdal
3345:. Oxford University Press. p. 50.
3131:"The Cronicle of the Hanseatic League"
2571:Charter of Veliky Novgorod, Article 1.
2343:, discovered by the Soviet astronomer
1180:, sponsored construction of the great
761:in 1992. The city has a population of
737:just downstream from its outflow from
7117:Trading posts of the Hanseatic League
4823:WikiProject Norse history and culture
3592:(Moscow: Severnyi Palomnik, 2005), 3.
2808:
2806:
2595:Official website of Veliky Novgorod.
2268:Veliky Novgorod trolleybus map (2021)
2240:The city's former commercial airport
1836:framework of administrative divisions
690:
590:
580:
570:
560:
551:
508:
459:
448:
422:
408:
391:
380:
372:
364:
343:
327:
317:
292:
133:
7:
3961:State Duma of the Russian Federation
3245:Cahiers du Monde Russe et Sovietique
2782:. Taylor & Francis. p. 23.
2779:The Formation of Muscovy 1300 - 1613
3778:Official website of Veliky Novgorod
3601:Tsarevskaia, 14, 19-22, 24, 29, 35.
3055:, ed. (1830). "Gaungu-Hrólf Saga".
1822:Administrative and municipal status
1571:, and German crusaders. During the
3590:St. Sophia's Cathedral in Novgorod
3159:, Uitgeverij Verloren, 2008 p. 111
2347:in 1979, is named after the city.
2231:Minsk Passazhirsky railway station
2031:(1345) was originally frescoed by
1952:, Novgorod, contains 12th-century
1279:12th-century Novgorod icon called
25:
3358:Новгородский исторический сборник
1988:, the founder of that monastery.
1637:forcibly annexed the city to the
1461:became a popular hero of Russian
1109:Princely state within Kievan Rus'
203:Veliky Novgorod (European Russia)
78:Counter-clockwise from top right:
7077:Shared with nine other countries
5804:
5797:
5437:
4119:
3870:; Bealby, John Thomas a (1911).
3762:
3708:"Международные культурные связи"
3684:Dictionary of Minor Planet Names
3341:Kollmann, Nancy Shields (2017).
3208:8, no. 2 (Spring 2007): 231-270.
3078:The Emergence of Russia 750-1200
2763:Federal State Statistics Service
2623:Federal State Statistics Service
2490:
2475:
2462:
2449:
2436:
2423:
2410:
2397:
2384:
2371:
2315:
2300:
2285:
2148:
2133:
2121:
2109:
2093:
2054:: e.g., the Savior Cathedral of
1956:depicting his illustrious family
1539:at the northern end of both the
614:
222:
215:
189:
182:
156:
149:
120:
108:
71:
3221:72, No. 2 (June 2003): 251-275.
3193:Russian History/ Histoire Russe
2702:Benedictow, Ole Jørgen (2008).
1784:, the city was occupied by the
1780:On 15 August 1941, during
1226:Saint Olaf's Church in Novgorod
348:90 km (30 sq mi)
46:City in Novgorod Oblast, Russia
27:City in Novgorod Oblast, Russia
7127:World Heritage Sites in Russia
7102:Archaeological sites in Russia
6777:World Heritage Sites in Russia
3890:; Bealby, John Thomas (1911).
3846:. London: Hurst and Blackett.
3657:de:Kriegsgräberstätte Nowgorod
2964:(in Russian). Великий Новгород
2735:Ancient Cities, Special Issue,
2021:Savior church on Ilyina street
1585:Livonian Brothers of the Sword
692:[vʲɪˈlʲikʲɪjˈnovɡərət]
1:
3873:"Novgorod (government)"
3838:Annette M. B. Meakin (1906).
3714:(in Russian). Veliky Novgorod
3002:10.31168/2305-6754.2015.4.1.9
2683:Поиск объектов почтовой связи
2116:Walls of the Novgorod Kremlin
1930:, traditionally known as the
1660:City plan of Novgorod in 1862
6828:Historic Centre of Yaroslavl
3888:Kropotkin, Peter Alexeivitch
3868:Kropotkin, Peter Alexeivitch
3791:Veliky Novgorod for tourists
3628:Vdovichenko, Marina (2020).
3394:Kovalenko, Guennadi (2010).
3343:The Russian Empire 1450-1801
2727:The Archaeology of Novgorod,
2345:Nikolai Stepanovich Chernykh
2190:. There are public buses to
2178:Novgorod has connections to
2082:1st Luftwaffe Field Division
2080:11,400 graves of the German
2065:In Vitoslavlitsy, along the
1758:Saint Petersburg Governorate
1704:, Novgorodians submitted to
1643:
1514:
1395:
1387:
1380:
1363:
1353:
1345:
1333:
1325:
6431:19th-century fortifications
4153:Exploration of the Americas
3844:Russia, Travels and Studies
3786:Veliky Novgorod City Portal
3311:10.1007/978-3-030-98527-1_5
3031:. Brill. pp. 160–161.
2511:FC Elektron Veliky Novgorod
2041:St. John the Apostle's
1966:St. Nicholas Cathedral
1946:St. Nicholas Cathedral
1895:; Vladimir and his mother,
1859:Veliky Novgorod Urban Okrug
1845:city of oblast significance
1130:In 882, Rurik's successor,
1067:
1061:
721:), is the largest city and
577:Cultural: (ii)(iv)(vi)
456:Veliky Novgorod Urban Okrug
417:city of oblast significance
396:2,400/km (6,300/sq mi)
374: • Estimate
206:Show map of European Russia
173:Show map of Novgorod Oblast
170:Location of Veliky Novgorod
137:Location of Veliky Novgorod
7143:
7112:Capitals of former nations
3682:Schmadel, Lutz D. (2003).
3616:Early Russian Architecture
3080:. Routledge. p. 201.
2944:
2659:(in Russian). June 3, 2011
2354:
2351:Twin towns – sister cities
2203:Leningradsky Rail Terminal
2029:Savior' church in Kovalevo
2023:(1374, painted in 1378 by
2006:Savior church at Nereditsa
1756:, which was detached from
1684:in 1570. In the Massacre,
1282:The Angel with Golden Hair
1254:
1112:
1055:
1049:
944:
555:UNESCO World Heritage Site
36:
29:
7061:
6987:Golden Mountains of Altai
6479:
6331:
6251:
6070:
5795:
5649:
5554:
5435:
5355:
5308:
5104:
4818:
4117:
4029:
3955:
3939:
3923:
3907:
3101:Jackson, Tatjana (2010).
2983:Jackson, Tatjana (2015).
2521:Novgorod uprising of 1650
1984:, built on the orders of
1451:Birch bark letter no. 292
1138:and founded the state of
1124:Cathedral of Saint Sophia
1091:
923:humid continental climate
902:
799:—
757:recognized Novgorod as a
717:
683:
603:
548:
248:
143:
134:
104:
86:cathedral of Saint Sophia
70:
61:
39:Novgorod (disambiguation)
6266:The kontor was moved to
5094:Cities of Military Glory
3155:Justyna Wubs-Mrozewicz,
3013:
2960:
2858:
2856:Тихомиров, М.Н. (1956).
2753:
2618:
2613:
2194:and other destinations.
1728:' strongholds after the
1573:Swedish-Novgorodian Wars
1506:Grand Prince of Vladimir
1455:Novgorod First Chronicle
1339:) from among the city's
1146:, such as the legendary
1093:De Administrando Imperio
984:Christianization of Rus'
965:Novgorod First Chronicle
711:), also known simply as
236:Veliky Novgorod (Europe)
88:, the fine arts museum,
30:Not to be confused with
4487:Death in Norse paganism
3899:Encyclopædia Britannica
3893:"Novgorod (town)"
3879:Encyclopædia Britannica
3740:(in Finnish). Seinäjoki
2653:"Об исчислении времени"
2233:, by night trains) and
2100:Bronze monument to the
2046:Novgorod's conquest by
1826:Veliky Novgorod is the
1520:, sowed fear as far as
1266:Monastery of the Tithes
1073:
1018:
1012:
741:and is situated on the
6866:Volcanoes of Kamchatka
6677:Urban-type settlements
5654:Chief cities shown in
5365:names are not recorded
5361:are settlements whose
4949:(1721–1728; 1730–1917)
4176:Varangian Trade Routes
3610:Jadwiga Irena Daniec,
2995:(1). Moscow: 170–179.
2920:
2776:Crummey, R.O. (2014).
2269:
2175:
1994:Saints Pyotr and Pavel
1957:
1889:Saint Sophia Cathedral
1884:
1881:Saint Sophia Cathedral
1879:monument (1862), with
1669:
1661:
1489:
1470:Mongol invasion of Rus
1414:, was the easternmost
1369:by the drawing of lots
1359:Archbishop of Novgorod
1343:, or aristocracy. The
1285:
1272:
1182:Saint Sophia Cathedral
1127:
1071:); the Old Norse term
1028:
1006:
1000:
956:
921:Veliky Novgorod has a
356:25 m (82 ft)
90:St. George's Monastery
6818:Trinity Sergius Lavra
6482:Administrative center
5855:Frankfurt an der Oder
3588:Tatiana Tsarevskaia,
3448:. Brill. p. 30.
3027:Mägi, Marika (2018).
2687:Postal Objects Search
2267:
2215:Vitebsk Rail Terminal
2186:(189 km) by the
2173:
1944:
1872:
1828:administrative center
1667:
1659:
1639:Grand Duchy of Moscow
1504:) for defying him as
1486:
1278:
1264:
1122:
1113:Further information:
975:station on the trade
961:Sofia First Chronicle
954:
773:Historical population
723:administrative centre
675:və-LEE-kee NOV-gə-rod
403:Administrative status
6917:Ferapontov Monastery
6856:Landscapes of Dauria
6846:Central Sikhote-Alin
5662:Free Imperial Cities
3840:"Novgorod the Great"
3771:at Wikimedia Commons
3671:. September 4, 2019.
3634:Internet Archaeology
3550:Internet Archaeology
3263:WIREs Climate Change
3053:Rafn, Carl Christian
2859:Древнерусские города
2739:Birch bark documents
2516:Old Novgorod dialect
2260:Local transportation
2211:Moscow Rail Terminal
2205:, by night trains),
2102:Millennium of Russia
1936:Millennium of Russia
1876:Millennium of Russia
1840:Novgorodsky District
1750:Novgorod Governorate
1718:Vyazhischi Monastery
1682:Massacre of Novgorod
1290:Vsevolod Mstislavich
1178:Vladimir of Novgorod
393: • Density
82:Millennium of Russia
6964:Struve Geodetic Arc
6932:Virgin Komi Forests
6813:Novodevichy Convent
5530:Rurikovo Gorodische
5452:Dnieper trade route
4947:St. Petersburg
4928:St. Petersburg
4171:Viking Trade Routes
3734:"Ystävyyskaupungit"
2597:Geographic Location
2443:Rochester, New York
2361:Veliky Novgorod is
2246:Krechevitsy Airport
2188:federal highway M10
2184:St. Petersburg
2166:Intercity transport
2155:Government Building
2017:St Theodor's church
1897:Anna Porphyrogenita
1801:World Heritage Site
1502:cut off their noses
1385:represented by his
1034:Rurikovo Gorodische
947:Rurikovo Gorodische
903:Source: Census data
774:
759:World Heritage Site
743:M10 federal highway
264: /
6959:Solovetsky Islands
5043:Russian Federation
4864:Capitals of Russia
4094:Old Norse religion
4069:Pre-Roman Iron Age
2642:Oblast Law #284-OZ
2270:
2182:(531 km) and
2176:
2088:are buried there.
1982:Antoniev Monastery
1962:Mstislav the Great
1958:
1885:
1855:municipal division
1847:of Veliky Novgorod
1714:Treaty of Stolbovo
1710:Jacob De la Gardie
1670:
1662:
1609:Treaty of Nöteborg
1593:Battle of the Neva
1531:During the era of
1490:
1443:birch bark letters
1401:Vasily Klyuchevsky
1375:for consecration.
1286:
1273:
1214:Magnus I of Norway
1188:Early foreign ties
1170:Vladimir the Great
1128:
1022:) is mentioned in
957:
941:Early developments
562:Official name
419:of Veliky Novgorod
366: • Total
345: • Total
239:Show map of Europe
7122:Novgorodsky Uyezd
7084:
7083:
6743:
6742:
6439:
6438:
6286:
6285:
6066:
6065:
5986:
5985:
5884:
5883:
5793:
5792:
5666:Holy Roman Empire
5607:
5606:
5376:Volga trade route
5315:
5314:
5060:
5059:
4914:Tsardom of Russia
4831:
4830:
4189:
4188:
4181:Volga Trade Route
4099:Germanic paganism
4079:Germanic Iron Age
4064:Nordic Bronze Age
3976:978-0-295-98394-3
3767:Media related to
3643:10.11141/ia.54.10
3559:10.11141/ia.54.10
3321:978-3-030-98527-1
3116:978-2-503-53033-8
2959:"Vnovgorod.info"
2731:Valentin L. Yanin
1901:Archbishop Nifont
1893:Yaroslav the Wise
1686:Ivan the Terrible
1678:Tsardom of Russia
1652:Tsardom of Russia
1597:Battle on the Ice
1541:Volga trade route
1535:, Novgorod was a
1476:and his brother,
1294:Novgorod Republic
1257:Novgorod Republic
1251:Novgorod Republic
1210:Olaf II of Norway
1166:Yaroslav the Wise
998:name of the city
911:Novgorod Republic
907:
906:
607:
606:
382: • Rank
335:Aleksandr Rozbaum
319: • Body
268:58.550°N 31.267°E
16:(Redirected from
7134:
7107:Rus' settlements
7020:Western Caucasus
6997:Putorana Plateau
6806:
6781:federal district
6770:
6763:
6756:
6747:
6615:Cities and towns
6492:Rural localities
6466:
6459:
6452:
6443:
6313:
6306:
6299:
6290:
6145:
6133:
6119:
6118:
6109:
6101:Kontor of Bruges
6097:
6013:
6005:
5995:
5978:
5970:
5962:
5954:
5947:
5934:
5926:
5918:
5906:
5905:
5900:
5893:
5830:
5818:
5808:
5801:
5760:
5752:
5744:
5726:
5694:
5685:
5657:
5642:Hanseatic League
5634:
5627:
5620:
5611:
5441:
5342:
5335:
5328:
5319:
5087:
5080:
5073:
5064:
4968:Russian Republic
4858:
4851:
4844:
4835:
4159:
4123:
4111:Christianization
4084:Migration Period
4059:Nordic Stone Age
4016:
4009:
4002:
3993:
3958:
3957:
3942:
3941:
3926:
3925:
3910:
3909:
3903:
3895:
3883:
3875:
3863:
3834:
3782:
3769:Velikiy Novgorod
3766:
3750:
3749:
3747:
3745:
3730:
3724:
3723:
3721:
3719:
3704:
3698:
3697:
3679:
3673:
3672:
3665:
3659:
3654:
3648:
3647:
3645:
3625:
3619:
3608:
3602:
3599:
3593:
3586:
3580:
3579:
3561:
3541:
3535:
3534:
3516:
3510:
3509:
3491:
3485:
3484:
3466:
3460:
3459:
3441:
3435:
3434:
3416:
3410:
3409:
3391:
3382:
3381:
3372:
3366:
3365:
3353:
3347:
3346:
3338:
3332:
3331:
3330:
3328:
3313:
3293:
3287:
3286:
3254:
3248:
3247:16 (1975): 5-18.
3241:
3235:
3228:
3222:
3215:
3209:
3202:
3196:
3189:
3183:
3182:
3180:
3178:
3166:
3160:
3153:
3147:
3146:
3144:
3142:
3137:on March 7, 2012
3127:
3121:
3120:
3098:
3092:
3091:
3073:
3067:
3066:
3049:
3043:
3042:
3024:
3018:
3017:
3012:. p. 175:
3011:
3009:
3004:
2980:
2974:
2973:
2971:
2969:
2955:
2949:
2947:
2923:
2916:
2910:
2909:2 (1971): 32-61.
2903:
2897:
2896:
2878:
2872:
2871:
2869:
2867:
2853:
2847:
2846:
2844:
2842:
2831:
2822:
2821:
2810:
2801:
2800:
2798:
2796:
2773:
2767:
2766:
2760:
2748:
2742:
2724:
2718:
2717:
2699:
2693:
2692:
2675:
2669:
2668:
2666:
2664:
2649:
2643:
2640:
2627:
2626:
2608:
2602:
2601:
2593:
2584:
2581:
2572:
2569:
2560:
2557:
2540:
2537:
2495:
2494:
2480:
2479:
2467:
2466:
2454:
2453:
2441:
2440:
2428:
2427:
2415:
2414:
2402:
2401:
2389:
2388:
2376:
2375:
2319:
2304:
2289:
2192:Saint Petersburg
2152:
2142:Yaroslav's Court
2137:
2125:
2113:
2097:
2075:Yuriev Monastery
2056:Khutyn Monastery
2002:Yaroslav's Court
1974:Yuriev Monastery
1970:Yaroslav's Court
1950:Yaroslav's Court
1928:Novgorod Kremlin
1834:and, within the
1766:Leningrad Oblast
1702:Time of Troubles
1646:
1519:
1498:Alexander Nevsky
1412:Hanseatic League
1398:
1392:
1383:
1366:
1356:
1350:
1338:
1330:
1298:Alexander Nevsky
1270:Novgorodian Rus'
1206:Olaf I of Norway
1132:Oleg of Novgorod
1096:
1076:
1070:
1064:
1058:
1057:
1052:
1051:
1031:
1021:
1015:
1009:
1003:
989:tree ring dating
955:Novgorod Kremlin
788:
783:
775:
768:
751:Saint Petersburg
720:
719:
710:
707:
704:
701:
698:
694:
689:
685:
684:Великий Новгород
672:
671:
668:
667:
664:
661:
658:
655:
652:
649:
646:
643:
639:
638:
635:
632:
629:
626:
623:
620:
544:
541:
539:
537:
492:
467:
453:
443:Municipal status
430:
413:
279:
278:
276:
275:
274:
269:
265:
262:
261:
260:
257:
240:
226:
225:
219:
207:
193:
192:
186:
174:
160:
159:
153:
124:
112:
98:Yaroslav's Court
75:
56:Великий Новгород
49:
21:
7142:
7141:
7137:
7136:
7135:
7133:
7132:
7131:
7097:Veliky Novgorod
7087:
7086:
7085:
7080:
7057:
7024:
7006:
6973:
6952:Peterhof Palace
6898:
6881:North Caucasian
6875:
6832:
6804:
6783:
6774:
6744:
6739:
6671:
6667:Veliky Novgorod
6610:
6494:
6487:Veliky Novgorod
6475:
6470:
6440:
6435:
6327:
6317:
6287:
6282:
6281:
6247:
6171:
6148:
6139:
6127:
6116:
6112:
6105:
6091:
6073:
6072:
6062:
6014:
6007:
6006:
5999:
5982:
5976:
5968:
5960:
5952:
5941:
5932:
5924:
5916:
5908:
5903:
5902:
5901:
5898:
5880:
5831:
5826:
5822:
5809:
5803:
5802:
5789:
5758:
5750:
5742:
5724:
5688:
5676:
5675:
5655:
5645:
5640:Members of the
5638:
5608:
5603:
5550:
5488:Other locations
5483:
5442:
5433:
5366:
5351:
5346:
5316:
5311:
5304:
5260:Veliky Novgorod
5100:
5091:
5061:
5056:
5037:
5006:
4981:
4962:
4933:
4908:
4865:
4862:
4832:
4827:
4814:
4705:Bardy-Świelubie
4678:
4637:
4606:
4491:
4442:Walpurgis Night
4413:
4406:
4313:
4197:
4185:
4157:
4124:
4115:
4104:Norse mythology
4045:
4025:
4020:
3990:
3886:
3866:
3837:
3805:
3780:
3759:
3754:
3753:
3743:
3741:
3732:
3731:
3727:
3717:
3715:
3706:
3705:
3701:
3694:
3681:
3680:
3676:
3667:
3666:
3662:
3655:
3651:
3627:
3626:
3622:
3609:
3605:
3600:
3596:
3587:
3583:
3543:
3542:
3538:
3531:
3518:
3517:
3513:
3506:
3493:
3492:
3488:
3481:
3468:
3467:
3463:
3456:
3443:
3442:
3438:
3431:
3418:
3417:
3413:
3406:
3393:
3392:
3385:
3379:
3374:Boris Zemtsov,
3373:
3369:
3355:
3354:
3350:
3340:
3339:
3335:
3326:
3324:
3322:
3295:
3294:
3290:
3275:10.1002/wcc.691
3256:
3255:
3251:
3242:
3238:
3229:
3225:
3216:
3212:
3203:
3199:
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3124:
3117:
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3050:
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3025:
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3015:
3007:
3005:
2982:
2981:
2977:
2967:
2965:
2962:
2957:
2956:
2952:
2917:
2913:
2904:
2900:
2893:
2892:978-952712401-7
2880:
2879:
2875:
2865:
2863:
2860:
2855:
2854:
2850:
2840:
2838:
2835:"Climate norms"
2833:
2832:
2825:
2812:
2811:
2804:
2794:
2792:
2790:
2775:
2774:
2770:
2758:
2755:
2750:
2749:
2745:
2725:
2721:
2714:
2701:
2700:
2696:
2690:
2676:
2672:
2662:
2660:
2651:
2650:
2646:
2641:
2630:
2620:
2615:
2610:
2609:
2605:
2599:
2594:
2587:
2582:
2575:
2570:
2563:
2558:
2543:
2539:Resolution #121
2538:
2534:
2529:
2507:
2502:
2489:
2474:
2461:
2448:
2435:
2422:
2409:
2396:
2383:
2370:
2359:
2353:
2333:
2326:
2320:
2311:
2305:
2296:
2290:
2262:
2219:suburban trains
2168:
2163:
2156:
2153:
2144:
2138:
2129:
2126:
2117:
2114:
2105:
2098:
2073:, close to the
2013:Peryn Monastery
1867:
1824:
1818:
1809:Nizhny Novgorod
1797:Alexey Shchusev
1778:
1770:Novgorod Oblast
1746:
1654:
1623:Vladimir-Suzdal
1537:major trade hub
1474:Yury Danilovich
1259:
1253:
1218:Harald Hardrada
1190:
1174:Russkaya Pravda
1117:
1111:
1103:Constantine VII
1046:Old East Slavic
949:
943:
938:
919:
763:224,286 (
762:
727:Novgorod Oblast
708:
705:
702:
699:
687:
640:
617:
613:
610:Veliky Novgorod
557:
534:
511:Dialing code(s)
505:
462:
451:
445:
434:Novgorod Oblast
425:
412:Subordinated to
411:
405:
306:First mentioned
300:Novgorod Oblast
295:Federal subject
272:
270:
266:
263:
258:
255:
253:
251:
250:
244:
243:
242:
241:
238:
237:
234:
233:
232:
231:
230:Veliky Novgorod
227:
210:
209:
208:
205:
204:
201:
200:
199:
198:
197:Veliky Novgorod
194:
177:
176:
175:
172:
171:
168:
167:
166:
165:
164:Veliky Novgorod
161:
139:
138:
130:
129:
128:
127:
118:
117:
100:
66:
57:
54:
53:Veliky Novgorod
47:
42:
35:
32:Nizhny Novgorod
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
7140:
7138:
7130:
7129:
7124:
7119:
7114:
7109:
7104:
7099:
7089:
7088:
7082:
7081:
7079:
7078:
7075:
7069:
7062:
7059:
7058:
7056:
7055:
7050:
7045:
7040:
7034:
7032:
7026:
7025:
7023:
7022:
7016:
7014:
7008:
7007:
7005:
7004:
7002:Uvs Nuur Basin
6999:
6994:
6989:
6983:
6981:
6975:
6974:
6972:
6971:
6966:
6961:
6956:
6955:
6954:
6944:
6939:
6934:
6929:
6924:
6919:
6914:
6908:
6906:
6900:
6899:
6897:
6896:
6891:
6885:
6883:
6877:
6876:
6874:
6873:
6871:Wrangel Island
6868:
6863:
6858:
6853:
6848:
6842:
6840:
6834:
6833:
6831:
6830:
6825:
6820:
6815:
6810:
6799:
6793:
6791:
6785:
6784:
6775:
6773:
6772:
6765:
6758:
6750:
6741:
6740:
6738:
6737:
6732:
6727:
6722:
6717:
6712:
6707:
6702:
6697:
6692:
6687:
6681:
6679:
6673:
6672:
6670:
6669:
6664:
6659:
6654:
6649:
6644:
6639:
6637:Malaya Vishera
6634:
6629:
6624:
6618:
6616:
6612:
6611:
6609:
6608:
6603:
6598:
6593:
6588:
6583:
6578:
6573:
6568:
6563:
6558:
6553:
6548:
6543:
6538:
6533:
6528:
6523:
6518:
6513:
6508:
6502:
6500:
6496:
6495:
6480:
6477:
6476:
6471:
6469:
6468:
6461:
6454:
6446:
6437:
6436:
6434:
6433:
6428:
6423:
6418:
6413:
6411:St. Petersburg
6408:
6403:
6398:
6393:
6388:
6383:
6378:
6376:New Dvina Fort
6373:
6368:
6363:
6358:
6353:
6348:
6343:
6338:
6332:
6329:
6328:
6325:Western Russia
6318:
6316:
6315:
6308:
6301:
6293:
6284:
6283:
6280:
6279:
6264:
6253:
6252:
6249:
6248:
6246:
6245:
6240:
6235:
6230:
6225:
6220:
6215:
6210:
6205:
6200:
6195:
6190:
6185:
6179:
6177:
6173:
6172:
6170:
6169:
6164:
6158:
6156:
6150:
6149:
6147:
6146:
6134:
6122:
6121:
6120:
6110:
6098:
6085:
6083:
6075:
6074:
6071:
6068:
6067:
6064:
6063:
6061:
6060:
6055:
6050:
6043:
6038:
6033:
6028:
6023:
6017:
6015:
5998:
5992:
5988:
5987:
5984:
5983:
5981:
5980:
5972:
5964:
5956:
5948:
5936:
5928:
5920:
5911:
5909:
5896:
5890:
5886:
5885:
5882:
5881:
5879:
5878:
5871:
5864:
5857:
5852:
5847:
5840:
5834:
5832:
5821:
5815:
5811:
5810:
5796:
5794:
5791:
5790:
5788:
5787:
5782:
5777:
5772:
5767:
5762:
5754:
5746:
5738:
5733:
5728:
5720:
5713:
5708:
5703:
5697:
5695:
5682:
5678:
5677:
5674:
5673:
5659:
5651:
5650:
5647:
5646:
5639:
5637:
5636:
5629:
5622:
5614:
5605:
5604:
5602:
5601:
5596:
5591:
5586:
5581:
5576:
5571:
5566:
5561:
5555:
5552:
5551:
5549:
5548:
5543:
5538:
5533:
5526:
5521:
5516:
5511:
5504:
5497:
5491:
5489:
5485:
5484:
5482:
5481:
5476:
5469:
5462:
5456:
5454:
5444:
5443:
5436:
5434:
5432:
5431:
5424:
5417:
5410:
5405:
5398:
5393:
5388:
5380:
5378:
5368:
5367:
5356:
5353:
5352:
5347:
5345:
5344:
5337:
5330:
5322:
5313:
5312:
5309:
5306:
5305:
5303:
5302:
5297:
5292:
5287:
5282:
5277:
5272:
5267:
5262:
5257:
5252:
5247:
5242:
5237:
5232:
5227:
5222:
5217:
5212:
5207:
5202:
5197:
5192:
5185:
5178:
5173:
5168:
5163:
5158:
5153:
5148:
5146:Kalach-na-Donu
5143:
5138:
5133:
5126:
5121:
5116:
5111:
5105:
5102:
5101:
5092:
5090:
5089:
5082:
5075:
5067:
5058:
5057:
5055:
5054:
5053:(1991–present)
5047:
5045:
5039:
5038:
5036:
5035:
5029:
5023:
5016:
5014:
5008:
5007:
5005:
5004:
4998:
4991:
4989:
4983:
4982:
4980:
4979:
4972:
4970:
4964:
4963:
4961:
4960:
4950:
4943:
4941:
4939:Russian Empire
4935:
4934:
4932:
4931:
4925:
4918:
4916:
4910:
4909:
4907:
4906:
4900:
4894:
4888:
4882:
4875:
4873:
4867:
4866:
4863:
4861:
4860:
4853:
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4826:
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4819:
4816:
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4777:
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4757:
4752:
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4712:
4707:
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4680:
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4661:
4656:
4651:
4645:
4643:
4639:
4638:
4636:
4635:
4630:
4625:
4620:
4618:Æsir–Vanir War
4614:
4612:
4608:
4607:
4605:
4604:
4599:
4594:
4589:
4584:
4579:
4574:
4569:
4564:
4563:
4562:
4552:
4547:
4542:
4537:
4532:
4527:
4522:
4517:
4512:
4507:
4501:
4499:
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4492:
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4479:
4474:
4469:
4464:
4459:
4454:
4449:
4444:
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4429:
4424:
4418:
4416:
4408:
4407:
4405:
4404:
4399:
4394:
4389:
4384:
4379:
4374:
4369:
4364:
4359:
4354:
4349:
4344:
4339:
4334:
4329:
4323:
4321:
4315:
4314:
4312:
4311:
4306:
4301:
4300:
4299:
4294:
4284:
4279:
4274:
4269:
4264:
4263:
4262:
4257:
4247:
4242:
4237:
4232:
4227:
4222:
4221:
4220:
4215:
4204:
4202:
4191:
4190:
4187:
4186:
4184:
4183:
4178:
4173:
4167:
4165:
4156:
4155:
4150:
4145:
4140:
4134:
4132:
4126:
4125:
4118:
4116:
4114:
4113:
4108:
4107:
4106:
4101:
4091:
4086:
4081:
4076:
4074:Roman Iron Age
4071:
4066:
4061:
4055:
4053:
4047:
4046:
4044:
4043:
4042:
4041:
4030:
4027:
4026:
4021:
4019:
4018:
4011:
4004:
3996:
3989:
3988:
3978:
3968:
3952:
3936:
3920:
3904:
3884:
3864:
3835:
3803:
3798:
3793:
3788:
3783:
3774:
3773:
3772:
3758:
3757:External links
3755:
3752:
3751:
3725:
3699:
3692:
3674:
3660:
3649:
3620:
3603:
3594:
3581:
3536:
3529:
3511:
3504:
3486:
3479:
3461:
3454:
3436:
3429:
3411:
3404:
3383:
3367:
3348:
3333:
3320:
3288:
3249:
3236:
3230:Janet Martin,
3223:
3210:
3197:
3184:
3161:
3148:
3122:
3115:
3093:
3086:
3068:
3044:
3037:
3019:
2991:(in Russian).
2975:
2950:
2911:
2898:
2891:
2873:
2848:
2823:
2802:
2788:
2768:
2761:(in Russian).
2743:
2719:
2712:
2694:
2670:
2644:
2628:
2621:(in Russian).
2603:
2585:
2573:
2561:
2541:
2531:
2530:
2528:
2525:
2524:
2523:
2518:
2513:
2506:
2503:
2501:
2500:
2487:
2485:
2472:
2459:
2446:
2433:
2420:
2407:
2394:
2381:
2367:
2352:
2349:
2332:
2329:
2328:
2327:
2321:
2314:
2312:
2306:
2299:
2297:
2294:Skoda-VMZ-14Tr
2291:
2284:
2261:
2258:
2207:St. Petersburg
2167:
2164:
2162:
2161:Transportation
2159:
2158:
2157:
2154:
2147:
2145:
2139:
2132:
2130:
2127:
2120:
2118:
2115:
2108:
2106:
2099:
2092:
2060:Boris and Gleb
2052:Moscow Kremlin
1998:Volotovo Field
1866:
1863:
1823:
1820:
1777:
1774:
1754:Russian Empire
1745:
1744:Russian Empire
1742:
1708:troops led by
1653:
1650:
1533:Old Rus' State
1447:Novgorod Codex
1310:Ural Mountains
1255:Main article:
1252:
1249:
1189:
1186:
1110:
1108:
1107:
942:
939:
937:
934:
918:
915:
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871:
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834:
833:
830:
827:
823:
822:
819:
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812:
811:
808:
805:
801:
800:
797:
794:
790:
789:
784:
779:
605:
604:
601:
600:
593:
589:
588:
583:
579:
578:
575:
569:
568:
563:
559:
558:
553:
550:
549:
546:
545:
532:
528:
527:
524:
517:
516:
513:
507:
506:
503:
501:
499:Postal code(s)
495:
494:
478:
472:
471:
468:
458:
457:
454:
447:
446:
441:
438:
437:
431:
421:
420:
414:
407:
406:
401:
398:
397:
394:
390:
389:
383:
379:
378:
375:
371:
370:
367:
363:
362:
358:
357:
354:
350:
349:
346:
342:
341:
337:
336:
333:
326:
325:
320:
316:
315:
311:
310:
307:
303:
302:
297:
291:
290:
285:
281:
280:
273:58.550; 31.267
246:
245:
235:
229:
228:
221:
220:
214:
213:
212:
211:
202:
196:
195:
188:
187:
181:
180:
179:
178:
169:
163:
162:
155:
154:
148:
147:
146:
145:
144:
141:
140:
136:
135:
132:
131:
125:
119:
113:
107:
106:
105:
102:
101:
76:
68:
67:
62:
59:
58:
55:
52:
45:
26:
24:
18:Great Novgorod
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7139:
7128:
7125:
7123:
7120:
7118:
7115:
7113:
7110:
7108:
7105:
7103:
7100:
7098:
7095:
7094:
7092:
7076:
7074:
7070:
7068:
7064:
7063:
7060:
7054:
7051:
7049:
7048:Kazan Kremlin
7046:
7044:
7041:
7039:
7036:
7035:
7033:
7031:
7027:
7021:
7018:
7017:
7015:
7013:
7009:
7003:
7000:
6998:
6995:
6993:
6990:
6988:
6985:
6984:
6982:
6980:
6976:
6970:
6967:
6965:
6962:
6960:
6957:
6953:
6950:
6949:
6948:
6945:
6943:
6940:
6938:
6935:
6933:
6930:
6928:
6925:
6923:
6920:
6918:
6915:
6913:
6912:Curonian Spit
6910:
6909:
6907:
6905:
6901:
6895:
6892:
6890:
6887:
6886:
6884:
6882:
6878:
6872:
6869:
6867:
6864:
6862:
6859:
6857:
6854:
6852:
6849:
6847:
6844:
6843:
6841:
6839:
6835:
6829:
6826:
6824:
6821:
6819:
6816:
6814:
6811:
6809:
6803:
6800:
6798:
6795:
6794:
6792:
6790:
6786:
6782:
6778:
6771:
6766:
6764:
6759:
6757:
6752:
6751:
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6736:
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6728:
6726:
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6716:
6713:
6711:
6708:
6706:
6703:
6701:
6698:
6696:
6693:
6691:
6688:
6686:
6683:
6682:
6680:
6678:
6674:
6668:
6665:
6663:
6660:
6658:
6657:Staraya Russa
6655:
6653:
6650:
6648:
6645:
6643:
6640:
6638:
6635:
6633:
6630:
6628:
6625:
6623:
6620:
6619:
6617:
6613:
6607:
6604:
6602:
6599:
6597:
6594:
6592:
6589:
6587:
6584:
6582:
6579:
6577:
6574:
6572:
6569:
6567:
6564:
6562:
6559:
6557:
6554:
6552:
6549:
6547:
6546:Malovishersky
6544:
6542:
6539:
6537:
6534:
6532:
6529:
6527:
6524:
6522:
6519:
6517:
6514:
6512:
6509:
6507:
6504:
6503:
6501:
6497:
6493:
6489:
6488:
6483:
6478:
6474:
6467:
6462:
6460:
6455:
6453:
6448:
6447:
6444:
6432:
6429:
6427:
6424:
6422:
6419:
6417:
6414:
6412:
6409:
6407:
6404:
6402:
6399:
6397:
6394:
6392:
6389:
6387:
6384:
6382:
6379:
6377:
6374:
6372:
6369:
6367:
6364:
6362:
6359:
6357:
6354:
6352:
6349:
6347:
6344:
6342:
6339:
6337:
6334:
6333:
6330:
6326:
6322:
6314:
6309:
6307:
6302:
6300:
6295:
6294:
6291:
6277:
6273:
6269:
6265:
6262:
6258:
6255:
6254:
6250:
6244:
6241:
6239:
6236:
6234:
6231:
6229:
6226:
6224:
6221:
6219:
6216:
6214:
6211:
6209:
6206:
6204:
6201:
6199:
6196:
6194:
6191:
6189:
6186:
6184:
6183:Bishop's Lynn
6181:
6180:
6178:
6174:
6168:
6165:
6163:
6160:
6159:
6157:
6155:
6151:
6143:
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6126:
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6103:
6102:
6099:
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6003:
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5993:
5989:
5979:
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5963:
5957:
5955:
5949:
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5921:
5919:
5913:
5912:
5910:
5907:
5894:
5891:
5887:
5877:
5876:
5872:
5870:
5869:
5865:
5863:
5862:
5858:
5856:
5853:
5851:
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5846:
5845:
5841:
5839:
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5807:
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5778:
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5773:
5771:
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5753:
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5702:
5699:
5698:
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5693:
5692:
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5683:
5679:
5671:
5667:
5663:
5660:
5653:
5652:
5648:
5643:
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5615:
5612:
5600:
5597:
5595:
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5590:
5587:
5585:
5582:
5580:
5577:
5575:
5572:
5570:
5567:
5565:
5562:
5560:
5557:
5556:
5553:
5547:
5544:
5542:
5539:
5537:
5534:
5532:
5531:
5527:
5525:
5522:
5520:
5517:
5515:
5512:
5510:
5509:
5505:
5503:
5502:
5498:
5496:
5493:
5492:
5490:
5486:
5480:
5477:
5475:
5474:
5470:
5468:
5467:
5463:
5461:
5458:
5457:
5455:
5453:
5449:
5445:
5440:
5430:
5429:
5425:
5423:
5422:
5418:
5416:
5415:
5411:
5409:
5406:
5404:
5403:
5399:
5397:
5394:
5392:
5389:
5387:
5386:
5382:
5381:
5379:
5377:
5373:
5369:
5364:
5360:
5354:
5350:
5343:
5338:
5336:
5331:
5329:
5324:
5323:
5320:
5307:
5301:
5298:
5296:
5293:
5291:
5288:
5286:
5283:
5281:
5278:
5276:
5273:
5271:
5268:
5266:
5263:
5261:
5258:
5256:
5255:Velikiye Luki
5253:
5251:
5248:
5246:
5243:
5241:
5238:
5236:
5233:
5231:
5230:Staraya Russa
5228:
5226:
5223:
5221:
5220:Rostov-on-Don
5218:
5216:
5213:
5211:
5208:
5206:
5203:
5201:
5198:
5196:
5193:
5191:
5190:
5186:
5184:
5183:
5179:
5177:
5174:
5172:
5169:
5167:
5164:
5162:
5159:
5157:
5154:
5152:
5149:
5147:
5144:
5142:
5139:
5137:
5134:
5132:
5131:
5127:
5125:
5122:
5120:
5117:
5115:
5112:
5110:
5107:
5106:
5103:
5099:
5095:
5088:
5083:
5081:
5076:
5074:
5069:
5068:
5065:
5052:
5049:
5048:
5046:
5044:
5040:
5033:
5030:
5027:
5024:
5021:
5018:
5017:
5015:
5013:
5009:
5002:
4999:
4996:
4993:
4992:
4990:
4988:
4987:Soviet Russia
4984:
4977:
4974:
4973:
4971:
4969:
4965:
4958:
4954:
4951:
4948:
4945:
4944:
4942:
4940:
4936:
4929:
4926:
4923:
4920:
4919:
4917:
4915:
4911:
4904:
4901:
4899:(1160s–1320s)
4898:
4895:
4892:
4889:
4886:
4883:
4880:
4877:
4876:
4874:
4872:
4868:
4859:
4854:
4852:
4847:
4845:
4840:
4839:
4836:
4824:
4821:
4820:
4817:
4811:
4808:
4806:
4803:
4801:
4798:
4796:
4793:
4791:
4788:
4786:
4783:
4781:
4778:
4776:
4773:
4771:
4768:
4766:
4763:
4761:
4758:
4756:
4753:
4751:
4748:
4746:
4743:
4741:
4738:
4736:
4733:
4731:
4728:
4726:
4723:
4721:
4718:
4716:
4713:
4711:
4708:
4706:
4703:
4701:
4698:
4696:
4693:
4691:
4688:
4687:
4685:
4681:
4675:
4672:
4670:
4667:
4665:
4664:Völsung Cycle
4662:
4660:
4659:Tyrfing Cycle
4657:
4655:
4652:
4650:
4647:
4646:
4644:
4640:
4634:
4631:
4629:
4626:
4624:
4621:
4619:
4616:
4615:
4613:
4609:
4603:
4600:
4598:
4595:
4593:
4590:
4588:
4585:
4583:
4580:
4578:
4575:
4573:
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4557:
4556:
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4533:
4531:
4528:
4526:
4523:
4521:
4518:
4516:
4513:
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4508:
4506:
4503:
4502:
4500:
4498:
4494:
4488:
4485:
4483:
4480:
4478:
4475:
4473:
4470:
4468:
4465:
4463:
4460:
4458:
4455:
4453:
4450:
4448:
4445:
4443:
4440:
4438:
4435:
4433:
4432:Norse funeral
4430:
4428:
4425:
4423:
4420:
4419:
4417:
4415:
4409:
4403:
4400:
4398:
4395:
4393:
4390:
4388:
4385:
4383:
4380:
4378:
4375:
4373:
4370:
4368:
4367:Múspellsheimr
4365:
4363:
4360:
4358:
4355:
4353:
4350:
4348:
4345:
4343:
4340:
4338:
4335:
4333:
4330:
4328:
4325:
4324:
4322:
4320:
4316:
4310:
4309:Ask and Embla
4307:
4305:
4302:
4298:
4295:
4293:
4290:
4289:
4288:
4285:
4283:
4280:
4278:
4275:
4273:
4270:
4268:
4265:
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4258:
4256:
4253:
4252:
4251:
4248:
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4241:
4238:
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4233:
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4228:
4226:
4223:
4219:
4216:
4214:
4211:
4210:
4209:
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4203:
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4182:
4179:
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4174:
4172:
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4166:
4164:
4160:
4154:
4151:
4149:
4146:
4144:
4141:
4139:
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4135:
4133:
4131:
4127:
4122:
4112:
4109:
4105:
4102:
4100:
4097:
4096:
4095:
4092:
4090:
4087:
4085:
4082:
4080:
4077:
4075:
4072:
4070:
4067:
4065:
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4057:
4056:
4054:
4052:
4048:
4040:
4037:
4036:
4035:
4032:
4031:
4028:
4024:
4017:
4012:
4010:
4005:
4003:
3998:
3997:
3994:
3987:
3986:0-7607-0756-1
3983:
3979:
3977:
3973:
3969:
3966:
3962:
3953:
3950:
3946:
3937:
3934:
3930:
3921:
3918:
3914:
3905:
3901:
3900:
3894:
3889:
3885:
3881:
3880:
3874:
3869:
3865:
3861:
3857:
3853:
3849:
3845:
3841:
3836:
3832:
3828:
3824:
3820:
3816:
3812:
3808:
3804:
3802:
3799:
3797:
3794:
3792:
3789:
3787:
3784:
3779:
3776:
3775:
3770:
3765:
3761:
3760:
3756:
3739:
3735:
3729:
3726:
3713:
3709:
3703:
3700:
3695:
3693:3-540-00238-3
3689:
3685:
3678:
3675:
3670:
3664:
3661:
3658:
3653:
3650:
3644:
3639:
3635:
3631:
3624:
3621:
3617:
3613:
3607:
3604:
3598:
3595:
3591:
3585:
3582:
3577:
3573:
3569:
3565:
3560:
3555:
3551:
3547:
3540:
3537:
3532:
3530:9785867891008
3526:
3522:
3515:
3512:
3507:
3505:9785867891008
3501:
3497:
3490:
3487:
3482:
3480:9785867891008
3476:
3472:
3465:
3462:
3457:
3455:9789004138964
3451:
3447:
3440:
3437:
3432:
3430:9785867891008
3426:
3422:
3415:
3412:
3407:
3405:9785801502373
3401:
3397:
3390:
3388:
3384:
3377:
3371:
3368:
3363:
3359:
3352:
3349:
3344:
3337:
3334:
3323:
3317:
3312:
3307:
3303:
3299:
3292:
3289:
3284:
3280:
3276:
3272:
3268:
3264:
3260:
3253:
3250:
3246:
3240:
3237:
3233:
3227:
3224:
3220:
3214:
3211:
3207:
3201:
3198:
3194:
3188:
3185:
3173:. Fordham.edu
3172:
3165:
3162:
3158:
3152:
3149:
3141:September 10,
3136:
3132:
3126:
3123:
3118:
3112:
3108:
3104:
3097:
3094:
3089:
3087:9781317872245
3083:
3079:
3072:
3069:
3064:
3060:
3059:
3054:
3048:
3045:
3040:
3038:9789004363816
3034:
3030:
3023:
3020:
3003:
2998:
2994:
2990:
2986:
2979:
2976:
2963:
2954:
2951:
2946:
2941:
2940:
2934:
2932:
2927:
2922:
2915:
2912:
2908:
2907:Istoriya SSSR
2902:
2899:
2894:
2888:
2884:
2877:
2874:
2861:
2852:
2849:
2836:
2830:
2828:
2824:
2819:
2815:
2809:
2807:
2803:
2795:September 10,
2791:
2789:9781317872009
2785:
2781:
2780:
2772:
2769:
2764:
2756:
2747:
2744:
2740:
2736:
2732:
2728:
2723:
2720:
2715:
2713:9781843832140
2709:
2705:
2698:
2695:
2688:
2684:
2680:
2674:
2671:
2658:
2654:
2648:
2645:
2639:
2637:
2635:
2633:
2629:
2624:
2616:
2607:
2604:
2598:
2592:
2590:
2586:
2580:
2578:
2574:
2568:
2566:
2562:
2556:
2554:
2552:
2550:
2548:
2546:
2542:
2536:
2533:
2526:
2522:
2519:
2517:
2514:
2512:
2509:
2508:
2504:
2498:
2493:
2488:
2486:
2483:
2478:
2473:
2470:
2465:
2460:
2457:
2452:
2447:
2444:
2439:
2434:
2431:
2426:
2421:
2418:
2413:
2408:
2405:
2400:
2395:
2392:
2387:
2382:
2379:
2374:
2369:
2368:
2366:
2364:
2358:
2350:
2348:
2346:
2342:
2341:3799 Novgorod
2338:
2330:
2325:
2318:
2313:
2310:
2307:Trolleybuses
2303:
2298:
2295:
2288:
2283:
2281:
2279:
2275:
2266:
2259:
2257:
2255:
2251:
2247:
2243:
2238:
2236:
2232:
2228:
2224:
2220:
2216:
2212:
2208:
2204:
2200:
2195:
2193:
2189:
2185:
2181:
2172:
2165:
2160:
2151:
2146:
2143:
2136:
2131:
2124:
2119:
2112:
2107:
2103:
2096:
2091:
2089:
2087:
2086:Blue Division
2083:
2078:
2076:
2072:
2071:Myachino Lake
2068:
2067:Volkhov River
2063:
2061:
2057:
2053:
2049:
2048:Ivan III
2044:
2042:
2036:
2034:
2030:
2026:
2022:
2018:
2014:
2009:
2007:
2003:
1999:
1995:
1989:
1987:
1983:
1979:
1975:
1971:
1967:
1963:
1955:
1951:
1947:
1943:
1939:
1937:
1933:
1929:
1924:
1922:
1918:
1914:
1910:
1906:
1902:
1898:
1894:
1890:
1882:
1878:
1877:
1871:
1864:
1862:
1860:
1856:
1852:
1848:
1846:
1841:
1837:
1833:
1829:
1821:
1819:
1816:
1814:
1810:
1806:
1802:
1798:
1794:
1791:
1787:
1783:
1775:
1773:
1771:
1767:
1763:
1759:
1755:
1751:
1743:
1741:
1739:
1735:
1731:
1727:
1726:Old Believers
1723:
1719:
1715:
1711:
1707:
1703:
1698:
1695:
1694:Boris Godunov
1691:
1687:
1683:
1679:
1676:and then the
1675:
1666:
1658:
1651:
1649:
1645:
1641:in 1478. The
1640:
1636:
1635:Ivan III
1632:
1628:
1624:
1619:
1617:
1616:food scarcity
1612:
1610:
1606:
1602:
1598:
1594:
1590:
1587:. The German
1586:
1582:
1581:Baltic region
1578:
1574:
1570:
1566:
1562:
1557:
1554:
1550:
1549:Dnieper river
1546:
1542:
1538:
1534:
1529:
1527:
1523:
1518:
1517:
1511:
1507:
1503:
1499:
1495:
1485:
1481:
1479:
1475:
1471:
1466:
1464:
1460:
1456:
1452:
1448:
1444:
1439:
1437:
1433:
1429:
1425:
1421:
1417:
1413:
1408:
1406:
1402:
1397:
1391:
1390:
1382:
1376:
1374:
1370:
1365:
1360:
1355:
1349:
1348:
1342:
1337:
1336:
1329:
1328:
1321:
1319:
1315:
1311:
1307:
1303:
1299:
1295:
1291:
1284:
1283:
1277:
1271:
1267:
1263:
1258:
1250:
1248:
1246:
1242:
1238:
1234:
1229:
1227:
1223:
1219:
1215:
1211:
1207:
1203:
1199:
1195:
1187:
1185:
1183:
1179:
1175:
1171:
1167:
1163:
1161:
1157:
1153:
1149:
1145:
1141:
1137:
1133:
1125:
1121:
1116:
1115:Novgorod Land
1106:
1104:
1100:
1095:
1094:
1088:
1084:
1080:
1075:
1069:
1063:
1047:
1043:
1039:
1035:
1030:
1025:
1020:
1014:
1008:
1002:
997:
992:
990:
985:
980:
978:
974:
970:
966:
962:
953:
948:
940:
935:
933:
931:
928:
924:
916:
914:
912:
901:
897:
894:
891:
890:
886:
883:
880:
879:
875:
872:
869:
868:
864:
861:
858:
857:
853:
850:
847:
846:
842:
839:
836:
835:
831:
828:
825:
824:
820:
817:
814:
813:
809:
806:
803:
802:
798:
795:
792:
791:
785:
780:
777:
776:
770:
766:
760:
756:
752:
748:
744:
740:
736:
735:Volkhov River
732:
728:
724:
714:
706:Great Newtown
693:
681:
677:
676:
670:
611:
602:
598:
594:
587:
584:
576:
574:
567:
564:
556:
547:
543:
533:
525:
522:
518:
514:
512:
502:
500:
491:
486:
482:
479:
477:
469:
465:
461: •
455:
450: •
444:
435:
432:
428:
424: •
418:
415:
410: •
404:
395:
387:
384:
376:
368:
355:
347:
334:
332:
329: •
324:
321:
308:
301:
298:
296:
289:
286:
277:
249:Coordinates:
218:
185:
152:
123:
116:
111:
99:
95:
91:
87:
83:
79:
74:
65:
60:
50:
44:
40:
33:
19:
7071:Shared with
7065:Shared with
6922:Kizhi Pogost
6904:Northwestern
6861:Lena Pillars
6666:
6486:
6485:
6380:
6153:
6141:
6078:
6045:
6008:
6000:
5873:
5866:
5859:
5842:
5715:
5689:
5669:
5528:
5508:White Shores
5506:
5499:
5471:
5464:
5426:
5419:
5412:
5407:
5400:
5383:
5358:
5259:
5200:Naro-Fominsk
5187:
5180:
5128:
5012:Soviet Union
4956:
4905:(1320s–1547)
4884:
4871:Ancient Rus'
4734:
4623:Fimbulwinter
4567:Nithing pole
4023:Norse people
3964:
3948:
3944:
3932:
3928:
3916:
3912:
3897:
3877:
3843:
3814:
3807:William Coxe
3781:(in Russian)
3742:. Retrieved
3738:seinajoki.fi
3737:
3728:
3716:. Retrieved
3711:
3702:
3683:
3677:
3663:
3652:
3633:
3623:
3615:
3611:
3606:
3597:
3589:
3584:
3549:
3539:
3520:
3514:
3495:
3489:
3470:
3464:
3445:
3439:
3420:
3414:
3395:
3380:(in Russian)
3370:
3361:
3357:
3351:
3342:
3336:
3325:, retrieved
3301:
3291:
3266:
3262:
3252:
3244:
3239:
3231:
3226:
3218:
3213:
3205:
3200:
3192:
3187:
3175:. Retrieved
3164:
3156:
3151:
3139:. Retrieved
3135:the original
3125:
3106:
3096:
3077:
3071:
3062:
3057:
3047:
3028:
3022:
3006:. Retrieved
2992:
2988:
2978:
2966:. Retrieved
2953:
2936:
2929:
2914:
2906:
2901:
2882:
2876:
2864:. Retrieved
2851:
2839:. Retrieved
2837:(in Russian)
2817:
2793:. Retrieved
2778:
2771:
2746:
2734:
2726:
2722:
2703:
2697:
2691:(in Russian)
2686:
2679:Russian Post
2678:
2673:
2661:. Retrieved
2656:
2647:
2606:
2600:(in Russian)
2535:
2456:Uusikaupunki
2391:Kohtla-Järve
2360:
2337:minor planet
2334:
2278:Soviet Union
2274:trolleybuses
2271:
2239:
2196:
2177:
2140:View of the
2128:War Memorial
2079:
2064:
2045:
2037:
2010:
1990:
1959:
1931:
1925:
1921:Euthymius II
1886:
1874:
1858:
1843:
1825:
1817:
1803:list as the
1782:World War II
1779:
1747:
1699:
1671:
1620:
1613:
1577:paid tribute
1561:great schism
1558:
1547:" along the
1530:
1491:
1467:
1440:
1409:
1377:
1373:metropolitan
1322:
1287:
1280:
1241:Hansa League
1230:
1222:canonization
1191:
1164:
1134:, conquered
1129:
993:
981:
958:
929:
920:
908:
712:
609:
608:
515:+7 8162
331:Mayor (Head)
126:Coat of arms
77:
43:
6992:Lake Baikal
6851:Lake Baikal
6838:Far Eastern
6596:Starorussky
6561:Novgorodsky
6541:Lyubytinsky
6531:Khvoyninsky
6511:Borovichsky
5991:Westphalian
5944:Kaliningrad
5741:Rügenwalde
5725:(Kołobrzeg)
5275:Volokolamsk
5270:Vladivostok
5265:Vladikavkaz
5109:Arkhangelsk
5034:(1943–1991)
5028:(1941–1943)
5022:(1922–1941)
5003:(1918–1922)
4997:(1917–1918)
4930:(1712–1721)
4924:(1547–1712)
4893:(882–1160s)
4683:Settlements
4649:Poetic Edda
4472:Runic magic
4414:and worship
4387:Urðarbrunnr
4377:Mímisbrunnr
4357:Ginnungagap
4304:Jörmungandr
4282:Hel (being)
4255:Light elves
4163:Trade route
4138:Norse–Gaels
4034:Scandinavia
3811:"Novogorod"
3744:February 5,
3718:February 5,
2924:is a Norse
2663:January 19,
2559:Law #559-OZ
2292:trolleybus
2250:Krechevitsy
2025:Feofan Grek
1813:Maxim Gorky
1786:German Army
1734:Archangelsk
1700:During the
1478:Ivan Kalita
1194:Norse sagas
1140:Kievan Rus'
1087:Kievan Rus'
1083:Old Russian
1024:Norse Sagas
765:2021 Census
745:connecting
595:1992 (16th
592:Inscription
526:49701000001
452:Urban okrug
271: /
7091:Categories
6894:Naryn-Kala
6808:Red Square
6725:Proletariy
6606:Volotovsky
6556:Moshenskoy
6536:Krestetsky
6321:fortresses
5939:Königsberg
5875:Nordhausen
5868:Mühlhausen
5751:(Szczecin)
5711:Greifswald
5559:Varangians
5514:Miklagarðr
5495:Bjarmaland
5460:Pallteskja
5151:Khabarovsk
4959:1728–1730)
4755:Köpingsvik
4674:Runestones
4654:Prose Edda
4597:Berserkers
4560:Runemaster
4402:Jötunheimr
4392:Yggdrasill
4382:Hvergelmir
4260:Dark elves
4089:Viking Age
3712:adm.nov.ru
3364:(12): 177.
2841:January 6,
2818:kremlin.ru
2430:Strasbourg
2355:See also:
1776:Modern era
1559:After the
1516:ushkuiniki
1302:city state
1156:Konstantin
1019:Holmgarðir
945:See also:
739:Lake Ilmen
361:Population
314:Government
7073:Lithuania
6705:Lyubytino
6690:Khvoynaya
6622:Borovichi
6601:Valdaysky
6581:Poddorsky
6576:Pestovsky
6571:Parfinsky
6566:Okulovsky
6551:Maryovsky
6521:Demyansky
6516:Chudovsky
6499:Districts
6416:Trångsund
6366:Kronstadt
6341:Ivangorod
6223:Newcastle
6176:Factories
6162:Falsterbo
6125:Steelyard
6041:Osnabrück
6026:Groningen
5961:(Tallinn)
5917:(Wrocław)
5828:Magdeburg
5824:Brunswick
5775:Stralsund
5770:Stockholm
5743:(Darłowo)
5668:shown in
5656:smallcaps
5541:Smaleskja
5501:Khortitsa
5479:Kænugarðr
5473:Chernigov
5408:Hólmgarðr
5357:Names in
5349:Garðaríki
5189:Melitopol
5161:Kronstadt
5026:Kuybyshev
4995:Petrograd
4976:Petrograd
4887:(864–882)
4881:(862–864)
4633:Wild Hunt
4577:Longships
4550:Old Norse
4540:Mead hall
4447:Midsummer
4372:Niflheimr
4352:Fólkvangr
4332:Vanaheimr
4319:Cosmology
4297:Valkyries
4272:Einherjar
4200:mythology
4148:Garðaríki
4130:Expansion
3860:24181315M
3831:23349695M
3576:213325311
3568:1363-5387
3446:Kotilaine
3283:1757-7780
2968:March 27,
2918:The name
2484:, Estonia
2458:, Finland
2393:, Estonia
2380:, Germany
2378:Bielefeld
2324:LiAZ-5256
1905:Magdeburg
1851:districts
1793:liberated
1690:Yaroslavl
1543:and the "
1526:Astrakhan
1492:In 1259,
1389:namestnik
1347:tysyatsky
1198:Gardariki
1148:Gostomysl
1144:posadniks
1099:Byzantine
1013:Holmgarðr
996:Varangian
973:Byzantium
582:Reference
476:Time zone
353:Elevation
7067:Mongolia
7012:Southern
6979:Siberian
6969:Kenozero
6715:Pankovka
6710:Nebolchi
6700:Kulotino
6695:Kresttsy
6685:Demyansk
6642:Okulovka
6591:Soletsky
6526:Kholmsky
6506:Batetsky
6401:Smolensk
6381:Novgorod
6351:Kirillov
6278:channel.
6261:Dortmund
6238:Yarmouth
6142:Novgorod
6137:Peterhof
6021:Deventer
6010:Dortmund
5953:(Kraków)
5933:(Elbląg)
5915:Breslau
5904:(Gdańsk)
5765:Stargard
5759:(Słupsk)
5749:Stettin
5731:Lüneburg
5723:Kolberg
5599:Blakumen
5564:Kylfings
5546:Súrdalar
5536:Særkland
5466:Gnezdovo
5421:Timerevo
5402:Duboviki
5391:Aldeigja
5280:Voronezh
5235:Taganrog
5210:Polyarny
5182:Mariupol
5176:Malgobek
5136:Gatchina
5130:Feodosia
5114:Belgorod
4957:de facto
4897:Vladimir
4885:Novgorod
4795:Timerevo
4785:Sarskoye
4770:Ralswiek
4760:Lindholm
4740:Jomsborg
4735:Holmgard
4720:Gnezdovo
4695:Aldeigja
4628:Ragnarök
4602:Emporium
4545:Holmgang
4467:Calendar
4397:Valhalla
4337:Miðgarðr
4195:Paganism
3809:(1784).
3177:July 20,
3008:June 24,
2961:Городище
2945:Holmgrad
2928:meaning
2921:Holmgard
2866:June 13,
2505:See also
2432:, France
2419:, France
2417:Nanterre
2406:, Norway
2235:Murmansk
2069:and the
2062:(1586).
2008:(1198).
1978:Vsevolod
1954:frescoes
1932:Detinets
1790:Red Army
1463:folklore
1420:entrepôt
1405:Marxists
1327:posadnik
1245:Peterhof
1235:town of
1160:Ostromir
1152:Dobrynya
1101:emperor
1029:Holmgård
1007:Holmgard
1001:Holmgård
718:Новгород
713:Novgorod
573:Criteria
7043:Bolghar
6802:Kremlin
6789:Central
6735:Uglovka
6720:Parfino
6647:Pestovo
6627:Chudovo
6586:Shimsky
6426:Yamburg
6406:Solovki
6391:Porkhov
6386:Oreshek
6356:Koporye
6346:Izborsk
6268:Antwerp
6257:Cologne
6228:Polotsk
6213:Herford
6198:Ipswich
6188:Bristol
6114:Antwerp
6089:Bryggen
6080:Kontore
6053:Zutphen
6036:Münster
6002:Cologne
5977:(Toruń)
5951:Cracow
5931:Elbing
5925:(Tartu)
5923:Dorpat
5736:Rostock
5717:Hamburg
5681:Wendish
5670:italics
5664:of the
5594:Khazars
5589:Bulgars
5524:Rostofa
5519:Móramar
5428:Balymer
5414:Sarskoe
5396:Álaborg
5385:Lyubsha
5372:Volkhov
5359:italics
5240:Tikhvin
5195:Nalchik
5156:Kozelsk
5141:Grozny
5124:Dmitrov
5119:Bryansk
4790:Sigtuna
4765:Menzlin
4750:Kaupang
4715:Dierkow
4690:Alaborg
4642:Sources
4592:Vikings
4497:Society
4412:Rituals
4362:Helheim
4347:Bifröst
4342:Vígríðr
4327:Ásgarðr
4240:Völundr
4235:Sigmund
4143:Normans
4051:History
4039:History
3852:3664651
3327:May 15,
2989:Slověne
2926:toponym
2527:Sources
2499:, China
2469:Watford
2363:twinned
2331:Honours
2254:Pulkovo
2242:Yurievo
2227:Belarus
2033:Serbian
2027:). The
1917:Sigtuna
1853:. As a
1830:of the
1752:of the
1706:Swedish
1674:Muscovy
1605:Karelia
1589:knights
1565:Swedish
1553:Gotland
1510:pirates
1308:to the
1306:Estonia
1233:Gotland
1200:. Many
1074:Nýgarðr
936:History
917:Climate
895:224,286
884:218,717
873:223,263
862:229,126
851:186,003
843:+110.9%
840:127,944
700:
680:Russian
597:Session
531:Website
464:Capital
427:Capital
388:in 2010
377:218,681
369:218,717
284:Country
259:31°16′E
256:58°33′N
94:Kremlin
6730:Shimsk
6662:Valday
6652:Soltsy
6421:Vyborg
6371:Ladoga
6361:Korela
6319:Major
6272:Bruges
6203:Kaunas
6193:Boston
6154:Vitten
6130:London
6117:
6107:Bruges
6094:Bergen
6058:Zwolle
6031:Kampen
5975:Thorn
5969:(Rīga)
5959:Reval
5899:Danzig
5889:Baltic
5861:Goslar
5850:Erfurt
5844:Bremen
5838:Berlin
5785:Wismar
5757:Stolp
5706:Demmin
5701:Anklam
5691:Lübeck
5569:Chudes
5300:Yelnya
5295:Yelets
5290:Vyborg
5285:Vyazma
5245:Tuapse
5098:Russia
5051:Moscow
5032:Moscow
5020:Moscow
5001:Moscow
4978:(1917)
4953:Moscow
4922:Moscow
4903:Moscow
4879:Ladoga
4805:Vanaja
4730:Hedeby
4725:Grobin
4700:Arkona
4611:Events
4572:Skalds
4525:Thrall
4277:Fenrir
4267:Dvergr
4245:Vættir
4230:Sigurd
4225:Jötunn
3984:
3974:
3858:
3850:
3829:
3823:654136
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3574:
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3527:
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2365:with:
2199:Moscow
2180:Moscow
2104:(1862)
1986:Antony
1913:Poland
1865:Sights
1832:oblast
1730:Schism
1627:Moscow
1601:Viborg
1569:Danish
1494:Mongol
1488:angels
1436:marmot
1428:ermine
1416:kontor
1341:boyars
1314:Ladoga
1216:, and
1202:Viking
1158:, and
1081:of an
1079:calque
1056:городъ
969:Baltic
927:Köppen
865:+23.2%
854:+45.4%
832:+52.6%
829:60,669
821:+21.3%
818:39,758
810:+27.3%
807:32,764
796:25,736
755:UNESCO
747:Moscow
731:Russia
487:
288:Russia
92:, the
7030:Volga
6632:Kholm
6396:Pskov
6270:once
6233:Pskov
6208:Leith
6167:Malmö
6047:Soest
5967:Riga
5814:Saxon
5780:Visby
5584:Merya
5579:Slavs
5448:Dvina
5363:Norse
5225:Rzhev
5215:Pskov
5205:Oryol
5166:Kursk
4810:Wolin
4800:Truso
4775:Reric
4710:Birka
4555:Runes
4535:Thing
4530:Félag
4520:Thegn
4510:Clans
4482:Galdr
4477:Völva
4462:Gothi
4452:Hörgr
4427:Seiðr
4292:Norns
4250:Elves
4218:Vanir
3572:S2CID
3269:(2).
2931:Islet
2759:(XLS)
2733:, in
2482:Valga
2445:, USA
2309:ZiU-9
2223:Minsk
2217:, by
1909:Płock
1760:(see
1738:skan'
1722:Nikon
1644:Veche
1522:Kazan
1512:, or
1459:Sadko
1424:sable
1418:, or
1396:Veche
1381:Veche
1364:Veche
1354:Veche
1335:Veche
1318:Onega
1237:Visby
1077:is a
1068:gorod
1042:knyaz
1038:Rurik
898:+2.5%
887:−2.0%
876:−2.6%
521:OKTMO
481:UTC+3
6336:Gdov
6276:Zwin
6259:and
6243:York
6218:Hull
5574:Rus'
5250:Tver
5171:Luga
4891:Kyiv
4780:Ribe
4745:Kaup
4669:Saga
4587:Ergi
4515:Jarl
4437:Yule
4422:Blót
4213:Æsir
4208:Gods
4198:and
3982:ISBN
3972:ISBN
3935:. ).
3848:OCLC
3819:OCLC
3746:2020
3720:2020
3688:ISBN
3564:ISSN
3525:ISBN
3500:ISBN
3475:ISBN
3450:ISBN
3425:ISBN
3400:ISBN
3329:2024
3316:ISBN
3279:ISSN
3179:2009
3143:2015
3111:ISBN
3082:ISBN
3033:ISBN
3010:2022
2970:2013
2939:grad
2933:town
2887:ISBN
2868:2012
2843:2024
2797:2015
2784:ISBN
2708:ISBN
2665:2019
2497:Zibo
2471:, UK
2404:Moss
2322:Bus
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1926:The
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1629:and
1524:and
1316:and
1231:The
1136:Kiev
1065:and
1053:and
1050:новъ
994:The
971:-to-
959:The
892:2021
881:2010
870:2002
859:1989
848:1979
837:1970
826:1959
815:1939
804:1926
793:1897
782:Pop.
778:Year
749:and
697:lit.
688:IPA:
540:.nov
538:.adm
386:85th
340:Area
323:Duma
115:Flag
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