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1987 storm, many anemometers stopped recording because of power outages, breakages by the excess wind speeds and measurement maxima being exceeded. By 1990, the meteorological community had newer devices that remained independent of external power and could measure higher wind speeds. The general opinion is that wind speeds measured during the Burns' Day Storm provide an accurate picture, but there is a tendency to downplay windspeeds from the 1987 storm because of the patchy data available. In the 1987 storm, it was the counties of Sussex, Surrey, Kent and Essex (i.e. the SE of
England) which were worst hit and suffered the most damage. A Met Office forecaster the previous day,
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411:(KNMI) increased warnings to force 11 and eventually to hurricane force 12. It conducted research that showed that most of the general public could not understand the severity of the warnings. The storm has led to more awareness and understanding of storminess among the public by the KNMI, which started a teletext page and the introduction of special warnings for extreme weather events in reaction to these findings.
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contained considerably higher wind speeds across every parameter but affected a smaller area of the UK; both highest recorded sustained wind speeds of 86 mph and highest gust of 135 mph, for example. Sustained periods of high gust speeds were also far higher in 1987. However, during the
322:
on record and caused many fatalities in the UK and Europe. This storm has received different names, as there was no official list of such events in Europe at the time. Starting on Burns Day, the birthday of the
Scottish poet
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was also injured during the storm when a plank of an advertising board was blown through his car's windscreen. The storm caused extensive damage, with approximately 3 million trees downed,
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The strongest sustained winds recorded were between 70 and 75 mph (113 and 121 km/h), comparable to a weak
Category 1 hurricane or Hurricane-force 12 on the
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404:"got the prediction right". The model forecast hinged on observations from two ships in the Atlantic near the developing storm the day before it reached the UK.
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939:"The impact of surface and radiosonde observations from two Atlantic ships on a numerical weather prediction model forecast for the storm of 25 January 1990"
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because the storm hit during the daytime. There were 47 deaths in the UK, most caused by collapsing buildings or falling debris. In one case in
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High winds that hit the country in the first few weeks of 1990 – costing insurers £3.37bn – remain the most expensive for insurers.
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383:. Strong gusts of up to 104 mph (167 km/h) were reported, which caused the most extensive damage. The
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443:. The storm cost insurers in the UK £3.37 billion, the UK's most expensive weather event to insurers.
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over the
Northern Atlantic Ocean on 23 January. By 24 January, it had a minimum central
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around 16:00. After hitting the United
Kingdom, the storm tracked rapidly east towards
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in
Scotland. The lowest pressure of 949 mbar (28.0 inHg) was estimated near
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The Burns' Day Storm of 1990 has been given as an example of when the
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1039:"UK storm payout 'may hit £350m' the storm was really really big"
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882:"Daria le 25 janvier 1990 - Tempêtes en France métropolitaine"
824:"Daria le 25 janvier 1990 - Tempêtes en France métropolitaine"
719:
McCallum, E. (1990). "The Burns' Day Storm, 25 January 1990".
31:
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mean hourly wind 64 kn (119 km/h; 74 mph),
913:"Met Office forecasts storm warnings over its accuracy"
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of 992 millibars (29.3 inHg) and began to undergo
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List of natural disasters in Great
Britain and Ireland
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causing major damage and a further 30 deaths in the
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62:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
849:"Seasonal predictability of European wind storms"
146:Burns' Day Storm/Daria 11:30UTC 25 January 1990
1648:List of atmospheric pressure records in Europe
419:Casualties were much higher than those of the
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1010:"1990: Children killed in devastating storm"
961:"Nader Verklaard Zwaarste storm in decennia"
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2790:January 1990 events in the United Kingdom
984:"Remembering the Burns Day storm of 1990"
888:(in French). Météo-France. Archived from
122:Learn how and when to remove this message
27:1990 January storm in Northwestern Europe
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7:
2795:Weather events in the United Kingdom
2770:1990 disasters in the United Kingdom
769:"Burns' Day Storm - 25 January 1990"
60:adding citations to reliable sources
2780:Power outages in the United Kingdom
741:10.1002/j.1477-8696.1990.tb05607.x
327:, it caused widespread damage and
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2810:Weather events in the Netherlands
407:During the day of the storm, the
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911:Adams, Tim (21 February 2010).
331:-force winds over a wide area.
47:needs additional citations for
1720:United Kingdom weather records
1:
2815:January 1990 events in France
2785:January 1990 events in Europe
1715:Drought in the United Kingdom
1703:Climate of the United Kingdom
447:Highest wind gust per country
318:. It is one of the strongest
242:949 hPa (28.0 inHg)
2126:North Sea and Irish Sea 2013
1248:Great Sheffield Gale of 1962
1188:Moray Firth fishing disaster
1641:List of European windstorms
943:The Meteorological Magazine
804:(in Dutch). 28 October 2013
798:"Zwaarste storm sinds 1990"
671:25–28 February 1990, later
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2144:Widecombe-in-the-Moor 1638
1971:Holmfirth 1738, 1777, 1944
2805:Weather events in Denmark
2800:Weather events in Belgium
2750:Weather events in Germany
2745:Weather events in Ireland
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1743:Buachaille Etive Mòr 2009
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1304:1992 New Year's Day Storm
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2755:Weather events in France
1332:Boxing Day Storm of 1998
1325:Christmas Eve storm 1997
856:Institute of Meteorology
2830:1990 in the Netherlands
2038:Somerset Levels 2013–14
1976:North East England 1771
1560:Friederike (David) 2018
1553:Eleanor (Burglind) 2018
1276:December 1981 windstorm
1234:North Sea flood of 1953
1147:Christmas Flood of 1717
886:tempetes.meteofrance.fr
2016:November–December 2009
1690:Weather events in the
1073:On this Day by the BBC
990:. ITV Consumer Limited
349:explosive cyclogenesis
335:Meteorological history
1434:Friedhelm/Bawbag 2011
1297:Burns' Day storm 1990
1181:Night of the Big Wind
937:Heming, J.T. (1990).
675:. This is called the
339:The storm began as a
2058:Yorkshire Dales 2019
1961:Bristol Channel 1607
1938:Yorkshire Dales 2019
1269:Gale of January 1976
316:North-Western Europe
56:improve this article
2760:European windstorms
1831:February–March 2018
1518:Thomas (Doris) 2017
1290:Great storm of 1987
1255:1968 Scotland storm
1195:Tay Bridge disaster
1174:Great Storm of 1824
1140:Great Storm of 1703
1110:European windstorms
733:1990Wthr...45..166M
690:Great Storm of 1987
421:Great Storm of 1987
385:Great Storm of 1987
320:European windstorms
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18:Great Storm of 1990
2172:Great Malvern 1761
2091:South England 1287
1996:South England 1968
1047:. 20 February 2007
892:on 7 November 2017
695:European windstorm
168:European windstorm
71:"Burns' Day Storm"
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2671:February–May 2019
2502:Windstorm seasons
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1202:Eyemouth disaster
1118:14th-18th century
862:. 2008. p. 7
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778:. 15 April 2016
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185:23 January 1990
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457:Highest Gust
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112:December 2010
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73: –
72:
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67:Find sources:
61:
57:
51:
50:
45:This article
43:
39:
34:
33:
30:
19:
2775:Robert Burns
2693:Cannich 2023
2676:Wareham 2020
2490:
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2463:
2454:
2445:
2436:
2427:
2418:
2409:
2400:
2391:
2382:
2373:
2362:January 2014
2347:October 2013
2342:January 2012
2329:
2323:January 2007
2310:
2304:January 1990
2303:
2299:October 1987
2291:
2285:January 1976
2280:January 1968
2267:
2256:October 1881
2241:October 1859
2231:January 1839
2197:October 2022
2177:October 1913
2083:Storm surges
1933:Morpeth 2008
1923:Glasgow 2002
1900:Flash floods
1887:
1886:March 2023 (
1878:
1877:March 2018 (
1862:January 1995
1847:January 1881
1806:October 2008
1546:Herwart 2017
1539:Ophelia 2017
1462:St Jude 2013
1441:Joachim 2011
1420:Xynthia 2010
1378:Jeanett 2002
1363:21st century
1296:
1283:Charley 1986
1220:Ulysses 1903
1212:20th century
1166:19th century
1056:
1049:. Retrieved
1042:
1033:
1021:. Retrieved
1013:
1004:
992:. Retrieved
987:
977:
965:. Retrieved
955:
946:
942:
932:
920:. Retrieved
917:The Observer
916:
906:
894:. Retrieved
890:the original
885:
876:
864:. Retrieved
855:
843:
831:. Retrieved
827:
818:
806:. Retrieved
801:
792:
780:. Retrieved
775:
763:
749:
724:
720:
676:
672:
509:Gwennap Head
482:Dunmore Head
441:West Germany
418:
406:
399:
390:Michael Fish
378:
338:
325:Robert Burns
311:
307:
305:
295:East Germany
291:West Germany
228:Highest gust
118:
109:
99:
92:
85:
78:
66:
54:Please help
49:verification
46:
29:
2666:Summer 2018
2236:August 1848
2192:London 2006
2167:London 1091
2101:Thames 1928
2063:Summer 2022
2011:August 2008
2006:Summer 2007
2001:Autumn 2000
1991:Thames 1947
1986:Thames 1928
1943:London 2021
1840:Snow events
1826:Spring 2013
1623:Ciarán 2023
1609:Larisa 2023
1602:Eunice 2022
1588:Aurore 2021
1581:Dennis 2020
1567:Adrian 2018
1532:Xavier 2017
1504:Niklas 2015
1455:Andrea 2012
1448:Dagmar 2011
1399:Kyrill 2007
1385:Gudrun 2005
1371:Oratia 2000
1353:Martin 1999
1346:Lothar 1999
1339:Anatol 1999
1241:Debbie 1961
1227:Iberia 1941
1014:On This Day
994:6 September
988:www.itv.com
651:Gedser Odde
605:Westkapelle
593:Netherlands
555:Beauvechain
429:Gorden Kaye
396:Forecasting
365:Netherlands
287:Netherlands
2739:Categories
2213:hurricanes
2207:Windstorms
1966:Trent 1683
1908:Louth 1920
1872:March 2013
1857:April 1981
1852:March 1891
1753:Cold snaps
1738:Lewes 1836
1730:Avalanches
1616:Babet 2023
1595:Malik 2022
1574:Ciara 2020
1469:Xaver 2013
1427:Berit 2011
1413:Klaus 2009
1051:16 October
1023:16 October
967:9 February
949:: 249–259.
922:9 February
896:5 November
833:25 January
808:25 January
782:20 January
776:Met Office
701:References
570:Luxembourg
402:Met Office
341:cold front
259:Fatalities
190:Dissipated
82:newspapers
2724:Disputed
2658:Wildfires
2562:Heatwaves
2159:Tornadoes
2149:July 1968
2048:June 2016
1525:Zeus 2017
1511:Egon 2017
1497:Tini 2014
1483:Anne 2014
1476:Dirk 2013
1406:Emma 2008
1318:Lili 1996
647:166 km/h
624:230 km/h
597:159 km/h
578:Wincrange
574:162 km/h
551:168 km/h
528:164 km/h
505:Aberporth
501:172 km/h
478:168 km/h
460:Location
357:Edinburgh
329:hurricane
218:Sheerness
2567:Droughts
1633:See also
1392:Per 2007
1044:BBC News
1018:BBC News
866:21 March
663:See also
601:IJmuiden
532:Sangatte
454:Country
437:flooding
353:Ayrshire
345:pressure
2726:tsunami
2549:2023–24
2544:2022–23
2539:2021–22
2534:2020–21
2529:2019–20
2524:2018–19
2519:2017–18
2514:2016–17
2509:2015–16
2428:Lorenzo
2419:Eleanor
2410:Ophelia
2392:Desmond
2383:Abigail
2374:Gonzalo
2292:Charley
2211:former
2028:2012–13
1816:2010–11
1811:2009–10
1801:1990–91
1791:1985–86
1786:1981–82
1781:1962–63
1776:1946–47
1771:1894–95
1761:1683–84
729:Bibcode
721:Weather
673:Wiebke
643:Denmark
628:Brocken
620:Germany
547:Belgium
474:Ireland
415:Impacts
369:Belgium
361:Denmark
299:Denmark
283:Belgium
271:Ireland
233:Brocken
96:scholar
2491:Ciarán
2473:Eunice
2446:Dennis
2268:Debbie
1953:Floods
1888:Larisa
963:. KMNI
802:nos.nl
653:&
640:
617:
603:&
590:
567:
544:
524:France
521:
507:&
494:
471:
425:Sussex
279:France
220:, Kent
182:Formed
98:
91:
84:
77:
69:
2702:Other
2482:Babet
2464:Barra
2437:Ciara
2330:Katia
852:(PDF)
772:(PDF)
433:power
375:Winds
103:JSTOR
89:books
2648:2022
2643:2021
2638:2019
2633:2018
2628:2013
2623:2006
2618:2003
2613:1995
2608:1990
2603:1976
2598:1955
2593:1911
2588:1906
2583:1808
2578:1757
2455:Alex
2311:Lili
2073:2024
2068:2023
1879:Emma
1796:1987
1766:1709
1053:2017
1025:2017
996:2023
969:2013
924:2013
898:2017
868:2012
835:2020
810:2020
784:2020
367:and
306:The
164:Type
75:news
2401:Eva
2209:and
947:119
737:doi
58:by
2741::
1055:.
1041:.
1016:.
1012:.
986:.
945:.
941:.
915:.
884:.
858:.
854:.
826:.
800:.
774:.
735:.
725:45
723:.
709:^
371:.
297:,
293:,
289:,
285:,
281:,
277:,
273:,
174:,
170:,
2493:)
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1683:e
1676:t
1669:v
1101:e
1094:t
1087:v
1027:.
998:.
971:.
926:.
900:.
870:.
837:.
812:.
786:.
757:.
743:.
739::
731::
681:.
125:)
119:(
114:)
110:(
100:·
93:·
86:·
79:·
52:.
20:)
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