1502:, Vogels, Merk, Bover, and Nestle–Aland) concluding 62.9%, or 4999/7947, agreement. They concluded, "Thus in nearly two-thirds of the New Testament text, the seven editions of the Greek New Testament which we have reviewed are in complete accord, with no differences other than in orthographical details (e.g., the spelling of names, etc.). Verses in which any one of the seven editions differs by a single word are not counted. This result is quite amazing, demonstrating a far greater agreement among the Greek texts of the New Testament during the past century than
960:. It is worth noting, though, that the Majority Text as a whole is classified by the editors of the NA28 (of whom Metzger is one) as a "consistently cited witness of the first order," meaning that whenever the text presented differs from the majority text this is recorded in the apparatus along with the alternate reading. Other consistently cited references include the full corpus of papyrus manuscripts available to the authors as well as a wide range of other manuscripts including a selection of both minuscules and uncials.
102:
745:
803:
38:
795:
967:
apparatus summarizes the evidence (from manuscripts and versions) for, and sometimes against, a selection of the most important variants for the study of the text of the New
Testament. While eschewing completeness (in the range of variants and in the citation of witnesses), this edition does provide
904:
in order to determine which reading is most likely to be closest to the original. They use a number of factors to help determine probable readings, such as the date of the witness (earlier is usually better), the geographical distribution of a reading, and the likelihood of accidental or intentional
1052:
became the associate editor of the 21st edition in 1952. At Erwin Nestle's request, he reviewed and expanded the critical apparatus, adding many more manuscripts. This eventually led to the 25th edition of 1963. The most important Papyri and newly discovered
Uncials, as
1045:
took over after his father's death and issued the 13th edition in 1927. This edition introduced a separate critical apparatus and finally introduced consistency to the majority reading principle. In the apparatus only a few minuscules were included.
787:
2789:
968:
informed readers with a basis by which they can judge for themselves which readings more accurately reflect the originals. The Greek text of the 28th edition is the same as that of the 5th edition of the
428:
2334:
2035:
A 2008 comparison of the textual and stylistic choices of twenty translations against 15,000 variant readings shows the following rank of agreement with the Nestle–Aland 27th edition:
2591:
2339:
880:, contains the text from NA28). The UBS edition is aimed at translators and so focuses on variants that are important for the meaning whereas the NA includes more variants.
2756:
2660:
806:
The GNT Committee, from right to left: Carlo Maria
Martini, Kurt Aland, Allen Wikgren, Bruce Metzger and Matthew Black (with Klaus Junack, Aland's assistant),
1208:
860:
406:
453:
1254:. A small number of textual changes in the most current edition were incorporated in the 28th edition of the Nestle–Aland, published in 2012. Papyri
1495:
1011:
773:
569:
475:
2515:
1240:
375:
256:
251:
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1456:
1436:
1423:
1402:
1388:
1370:
1351:
1338:
1317:
1303:
1289:
243:
2630:
504:
940:) more accurately reflect the "autographs" or original texts than an eclectic text like NA28 that relies heavily on manuscripts of the
2770:
2680:
The Text of the New
Testament: An Introduction to the Critical Editions & to the Theory & Practice of Modern Textual Criticism
2276:
1522:
it is much greater." For over 250 years, New
Testament apologists have argued that no textual variant affects key Christian doctrine.
279:
274:
66:
2587:
2740:
2606:
2548:
2523:
2493:
Elliott, J. K. (1996). "A Comparison of Two Recent Greek New
Testaments", The Expository Times, Volume 107, Number 4, pages 105–106.
422:
287:
2779:
2645:
72:
2512:
The Text of the New
Testament: An Introduction to the Critical Editions and to the Theory and Practice of Modern Textual Criticism
2410:
933:
698:
179:
976:(abbreviated UBS5) although there are a few differences between them in paragraphing, capitalization, punctuation and spelling.
37:
2819:
2452:
2120:
738:
608:
370:
2809:
1361:
447:
993:
published a handbook of textual criticism, and in 1898 published the first edition of a Greek New
Testament under the title
917:
574:
2814:
2133:
2804:
2081:
2055:
1499:
1491:
1231:(University of Birmingham, United Kingdom), Stephen Pisano (Pontifical Biblical Institute, Italy, a university of the
1006:
766:
613:
1271:
1001:
956:
among others. Since the majority of old manuscripts in existence are minuscules, they are often referred to as the
905:
corruptions. In the book, a large number of textual variants, or differences between manuscripts, are noted in the
2172:
2068:
945:
693:
101:
2693:
2159:
2107:
1406:
1023:
1019:
638:
417:
261:
2146:
1413:
1196:
1168:
663:
648:
598:
433:
233:
221:
202:
2289:
2237:
1216:
969:
871:
759:
722:
714:
658:
628:
465:
438:
166:
2319:
2211:
2198:
941:
653:
643:
542:
1511:
1015:
593:
579:
494:
401:
328:
925:
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584:
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307:
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1515:
906:
844:
840:
727:
709:
668:
484:
303:
197:
187:
1486:
compare the total number of variant-free verses, and the number of variants per page (excluding
1072:
Members of the
Editorial Committee of the United Bible Societies' Greek New Testament comprise:
2736:
2544:
2519:
2416:
2363:
2344:
1503:
1452:
1432:
1419:
1398:
1384:
1366:
1347:
1334:
1313:
1299:
1285:
897:
893:
560:
499:
266:
2450:
Fee, Gordon (1979). "A Critique of W. N. Pickering's The
Identity of the New Testament Text"
995:
Novum Testamentum Graece cum apparatu critico ex editionibus et libris manu scriptis collecto
2263:
1244:
1031:
828:
470:
411:
389:
318:
238:
192:
2649:
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2350:
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1035:
990:
852:
2642:
2780:"The Novum Testamentum Graece (Nestle–Aland) and its history" on www.academic-bible.com
2436:
Robinson, Maurice. "New Testament Textual Criticism: The Case for Byzantine Priority".
1236:
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1066:
929:
633:
509:
323:
114:
85:
73:"The Novum Testamentum Graece (Nestle–Aland) and its history" on www.academic-bible.com
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Nestle's "The Greek New Testament (1904 ed.)" on archive.org with critical apparatus
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360:
349:
171:
126:
2717:. Clewiston: Cornerstone Publications. ii, iii, vii; graphs on iii and back cover.
2784:
920:
text as the most accurate; however, a few authors, such as New Testament scholar
2785:
Nestle's "The Greek New Testament (1904 ed.)" text digitized on biblicaltext.com
1487:
1259:
1255:
1054:
836:
55:
2484:(1993) Barbara and Kurt Aland, eds. Stuttgart: Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft. 12*.
1227:. The committee consists of Christos Karakolis (University of Athens, Greece),
17:
2503:
1479:
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1164:
1131:
1106:
1081:
1049:
949:
901:
874:(UBS) edition, which contains the same text (its fifth edition referred to as
856:
786:
688:
338:
136:
1219:
appointed a new editorial committee that will prepare future editions of the
1030:. This edition eliminated the extremes of Tischendorf, such as partiality to
1000:
The text of this Greek New Testament was later combined with the editions of
1027:
900:
text compiled by a committee that compares readings from a large number of
802:
1519:
1232:
889:
343:
2731:
Holmes, Michael W. (2003). "From Nestle to the 'Editio Critica Maior'".
794:
2631:
New editorial committee appointed in 2011 by the United Bible Societies
1507:
555:
355:
141:
550:
333:
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1247:
Oklahoma City, US) and Klaus Wachtel (University MĂĽnster, Germany).
801:
793:
785:
131:
93:
1250:
A more complete set of variants is listed in the multiple volume
2643:
University of Bremen list of textual updates for Nestle–Aland 28
2477:
2475:
2694:"The Majority Text and the Original Text: Are They Identical?"
2384:
The New Testament in the Original Greek: Byzantine Textform
1357:
Biblia Sacra Utriusque Testamenti Editio Hebraica et Graeca
1069:), occasionally also lectionaries were taken into account.
2590:– The Scholarly Bible Portal of the German Bible Society.
2412:
40 Questions About the Text and Canon of the New Testament
1391:(with revised Luther and Common Bible in parallel columns)
2633:– The Scholarly Bible Portal of the German Bible Society.
2609:– The Scholarly Bible Portal of the German Bible Society.
1490:
errors), among the seven major editions of the Greek NT (
2335:
List of Bible verses not included in modern translations
1327:
A Concise Greek-English Dictionary of the New Testament
2733:
The Bible as Book: The Transmission of the Greek Text
2469:. 3rd ed. New York: Oxford University Press. 290–293.
2382:
Robinson, Maurice A. and William G. Pierpont (2005).
2409:
Quarles, Charles L.; Kellum, L. Scott (2023-06-20).
1026:. It was edited by the WĂĽrttemberg Bible Society in
2666:, German Bible Society, Retrieved February 19, 2021
2340:
List of major textual variants in the New Testament
1235:), Holger Strutwolf (University MĂĽnster, Germany),
61:
51:
1034:, and of Westcott and Hort, such as partiality to
1252:Novum Testamentum Graecum – Editio Critica Maior
863:, is currently in its 28th edition, abbreviated
2775:(28th ed., 2012) text on www.academic-bible.com
909:—the extensive footnotes that distinguish the
1346:, 28th edition with Greek-German Dictionary,
888:The Greek text as presented is what biblical
767:
8:
1209:Institute for New Testament Textual Research
861:Institute for New Testament Textual Research
851:edition after its most influential editors,
67:Official NA28 text on www.academic-bible.com
30:
2514:. Erroll F. Rhodes (trans.). Grand Rapids:
2438:TC: A Journal of Biblical Textual Criticism
816:
27:Critical edition of the Greek New Testament
2755:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
2397:The Identity of the New Testament Text III
2037:
1524:
774:
760:
394:
80:
36:
29:
1381:Das Neue Testament Griechisch und Deutsch
2674:
2672:
1395:Nestle–Aland Greek-English New Testament
2588:The Greek New Testament and its history
2375:
1416:-Novum Testamentum Graece New Testament
1012:The New Testament in the Original Greek
483:
92:
2748:
2575:
2563:
2543:. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans. p. 20.
2516:William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company
870:The title is sometimes applied to the
2621:– Pontificio Istituto Biblico – 2011.
1221:Nestle–Aland Novum Testamentum Graece
948:". The theory has been criticized by
7:
1518:the agreement is less, while in the
2082:New American Standard (1995 update)
944:. This view is referred to as the "
839:, forming the basis of most modern
1429:Novum Testamentum Graece et Latine
25:
913:from other Greek New Testaments.
46:(28th ed., 2012; hardcover, blue)
2539:Aland, Kurt and Barbara (1989).
1215:In 2011 the Global Board of the
743:
100:
2715:The Comprehensive New Testament
2453:Westminster Theological Journal
2251:Douay-Rheims (American edition)
1449:Nuovo Testamento Greco-Italiano
739:Outline of Bible-related topics
1506:would have suspected . In the
1461:Versione Conferenza Episcopale
1362:Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia
1270:The NA28 text is published by
448:Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia
1:
2541:The Text of the New Testament
2467:The Text of the New Testament
1476:The Text of the New Testament
924:, linguist Wilbur Pickering,
807:
575:Historical-grammatical method
2678:Aland, K.; Aland, B. (1995)
2277:Murdock Peshitta translation
2134:New Revised Standard Version
1312:, Wide Margin 27th edition,
1298:, Large Print 27th edition,
1274:(the German Bible Society).
2056:New American Standard Bible
1262:were used in this edition.
1007:Editio octava critica maior
896:". The critical text is an
2836:
2619:CENNI STORICI E FINALITA’
2395:Pickering, Wilbur (2012).
1540:Average variants per page
1272:Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft
1002:Constantin von Tischendorf
859:. The text, edited by the
847:. It is also known as the
825:The New Testament in Greek
570:Allegorical interpretation
2399:. Eugene: Wipf and Stock.
2173:New International Version
2121:Holman Christian Standard
2069:American Standard Version
1284:, Standard 28th edition,
1207:in co-operation with the
946:Byzantine priority theory
35:
31:Novum Testamentum Graece
2773:Novum Testamentum Graece
2662:Novum Testamentum Graece
2482:Novum Testamentum Graece
2386:. Southborough: Chilton.
2160:Revised Standard Version
2108:English Standard Version
1407:Revised Standard Version
1344:Novum Testamentum Graece
1323:Novum Testamentum Graece
1310:Novum Testamentum Graece
1296:Novum Testamentum Graece
1282:Novum Testamentum Graece
1024:Richard Francis Weymouth
965:Novum Testamentum Graece
911:Novum Testamentum Graece
819:Novum Testamentum Graece
460:Novum Testamentum Graece
262:Composition of the Torah
44:Novum Testamentum Graece
2465:Metzger, Bruce (1992).
2415:. Kregel Publications.
2147:New English Translation
1470:Accuracy of manuscripts
1414:New English Translation
1197:Johannes Karavidopoulos
1169:Johannes Karavidopoulos
974:The Greek New Testament
2820:New Testament editions
2682:, op. cit., pp. 29–30.
2607:Comparison NA28 – UBS5
2290:New King James Version
2238:New Living Translation
1217:United Bible Societies
970:United Bible Societies
872:United Bible Societies
817:
813:
799:
791:
723:Criticism of the Bible
466:Documentary hypothesis
2810:Christian terminology
2713:Clontz, T.E. (2008),
2320:Alexandrian text-type
2199:Revised English Bible
1022:, and the edition of
942:Alexandrian text-type
805:
797:
789:
476:NT textual categories
2212:Jewish New Testament
1534:Variant-free verses
1325:, 28th edition with
1057:, a few Minuscules (
423:Internal consistency
329:Samaritan Pentateuch
2815:Greek New Testament
2330:Caesarean text-type
2325:Byzantine text-type
2186:New Jerusalem Bible
2047:Relative agreement
1241:Museum of the Bible
1225:Greek New Testament
1201:Carlo Maria Martini
1173:Carlo Maria Martini
1140:Carlo Maria Martini
938:Byzantine text-type
922:Maurice A. Robinson
916:Most scholars view
257:New Testament canon
252:Old Testament canon
180:Chapters and verses
32:
2805:Biblical criticism
2648:2008-04-24 at the
2594:2017-06-13 at the
2303:King James Version
2095:New American Bible
1223:as well as of the
907:critical apparatus
845:biblical criticism
841:Bible translations
814:
800:
792:
728:Biblical authority
609:Capital punishment
485:Biblical criticism
454:Rahlfs' Septuagint
158:New Testament (NT)
153:Old Testament (OT)
2692:Wallace, Daniel.
2422:978-0-8254-7590-0
2364:Western text-type
2345:Textual criticism
2311:
2310:
2028:
2027:
1457:978-3-438-05409-8
1437:978-3-438-05401-2
1424:978-3-438-05420-3
1403:978-3-438-05408-1
1389:978-3-438-05406-7
1371:978-3-438-05250-6
1352:978-3-438-05159-2
1339:978-3-438-05160-8
1318:978-3-438-05135-6
1304:978-3-438-05103-5
1290:978-3-438-05140-0
932:, claim that the
892:refer to as the "
811: late 1980s
784:
783:
599:Conspiracy theory
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267:Mosaic authorship
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1504:textual scholars
1266:Current editions
1245:Green Collection
835:in its original
829:critical edition
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750:Bible portal
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275:Pauline epistles
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1749:1 Thessalonians
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991:Eberhard Nestle
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1654:
1651:
1648:
1644:
1643:
1640:
1637:
1634:
1631:
1627:
1626:
1623:
1620:
1617:
1614:
1610:
1609:
1606:
1603:
1600:
1597:
1593:
1592:
1589:
1586:
1583:
1580:
1576:
1575:
1572:
1569:
1566:
1563:
1559:
1558:
1555:
1552:
1549:
1546:
1542:
1541:
1538:
1535:
1532:
1529:
1471:
1468:
1467:
1466:
1465:
1464:
1446:
1426:
1410:
1409:, 2nd edition)
1392:
1375:
1374:
1373:
1354:
1341:
1320:
1307:
1293:
1267:
1264:
1237:David Trobisch
1213:
1212:
1185:
1184:
1180:
1179:
1157:
1156:
1152:
1151:
1128:
1127:
1123:
1122:
1103:
1102:
1098:
1097:
1078:
1077:
986:
983:
981:
978:
930:Zane C. Hodges
926:Arthur Farstad
885:
882:
782:
781:
779:
778:
771:
764:
756:
753:
752:
735:
734:
731:
730:
725:
718:
717:
712:
706:
704:
703:
702:
701:
691:
685:
684:
681:
680:
677:
676:
672:
671:
666:
661:
656:
651:
646:
641:
636:
631:
626:
621:
616:
611:
606:
601:
596:
590:
588:
587:
582:
577:
572:
566:
564:
563:
558:
553:
547:
546:
545:
539:
537:Interpretation
536:
535:
532:
531:
526:
525:
523:
522:
517:
512:
507:
502:
497:
491:
488:
487:
481:
480:
479:
478:
473:
468:
463:
456:
451:
442:
441:
436:
431:
425:
420:
414:
409:
404:
398:
393:
388:
387:
384:
383:
379:
378:
373:
371:English Bibles
368:
363:
358:
353:
346:
341:
336:
331:
326:
324:Masoretic Text
321:
315:
314:
311:
310:
300:
299:
298:
295:
294:
291:
290:
283:
282:
277:
271:
270:
269:
264:
259:
254:
247:
246:
241:
236:
230:
229:
226:
225:
218:
217:
216:
213:
212:
208:
207:
206:
205:
200:
195:
184:
183:
182:
175:
174:
169:
163:
161:
160:
155:
149:
147:
146:
145:
144:
139:
134:
123:
122:
119:
118:
111:
110:
109:
106:
105:
97:
96:
90:
89:
77:
76:
63:
59:
58:
53:
49:
48:
41:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2832:
2821:
2818:
2816:
2813:
2811:
2808:
2806:
2803:
2802:
2800:
2791:
2788:
2786:
2783:
2781:
2778:
2776:
2774:
2769:
2768:
2764:
2758:
2752:
2744:
2742:0-7123-4727-5
2738:
2734:
2729:
2728:
2724:
2716:
2710:
2707:
2695:
2688:
2685:
2681:
2675:
2673:
2669:
2665:
2663:
2657:
2654:
2651:
2647:
2644:
2639:
2636:
2632:
2627:
2624:
2620:
2615:
2612:
2608:
2603:
2600:
2597:
2593:
2589:
2584:
2581:
2577:
2572:
2569:
2565:
2560:
2557:
2552:
2550:9780802840981
2546:
2542:
2535:
2532:
2527:
2525:0-8028-4098-1
2521:
2517:
2513:
2509:
2505:
2499:
2496:
2490:
2487:
2483:
2478:
2476:
2472:
2468:
2462:
2459:
2455:
2454:
2447:
2444:
2439:
2432:
2429:
2424:
2418:
2414:
2413:
2405:
2402:
2398:
2392:
2389:
2385:
2379:
2376:
2369:
2365:
2362:
2360:
2359:
2358:Westcott-Hort
2355:
2353:
2352:
2348:
2346:
2343:
2341:
2338:
2336:
2333:
2331:
2328:
2326:
2323:
2321:
2318:
2317:
2313:
2306:
2304:
2301:
2298:
2297:
2293:
2291:
2288:
2285:
2284:
2280:
2278:
2275:
2272:
2271:
2267:
2265:
2262:
2259:
2258:
2254:
2252:
2249:
2246:
2245:
2241:
2239:
2236:
2233:
2232:
2228:
2226:
2223:
2220:
2219:
2215:
2213:
2210:
2207:
2206:
2202:
2200:
2197:
2194:
2193:
2189:
2187:
2184:
2181:
2180:
2176:
2174:
2171:
2168:
2167:
2163:
2161:
2158:
2155:
2154:
2150:
2148:
2145:
2142:
2141:
2137:
2135:
2132:
2129:
2128:
2124:
2122:
2119:
2116:
2115:
2111:
2109:
2106:
2103:
2102:
2098:
2096:
2093:
2090:
2089:
2085:
2083:
2080:
2077:
2076:
2072:
2070:
2067:
2064:
2063:
2059:
2057:
2054:
2051:
2050:
2046:
2043:
2040:
2039:
2036:
2030:
2023:
2021:
2018:
2016:
2013:
2011:
2008:
2006:
2003:
2002:
1998:
1995:
1992:
1989:
1986:
1985:
1981:
1978:
1975:
1972:
1969:
1968:
1964:
1961:
1958:
1955:
1952:
1951:
1947:
1944:
1941:
1938:
1935:
1934:
1930:
1927:
1924:
1921:
1918:
1917:
1913:
1910:
1907:
1904:
1901:
1900:
1896:
1893:
1890:
1887:
1884:
1883:
1879:
1876:
1873:
1870:
1867:
1866:
1862:
1859:
1856:
1853:
1850:
1849:
1845:
1842:
1839:
1836:
1833:
1832:
1828:
1825:
1822:
1819:
1816:
1815:
1811:
1808:
1805:
1802:
1799:
1798:
1794:
1791:
1788:
1785:
1782:
1781:
1777:
1774:
1771:
1768:
1765:
1764:
1760:
1757:
1754:
1751:
1748:
1747:
1743:
1740:
1737:
1734:
1731:
1730:
1726:
1723:
1720:
1717:
1714:
1713:
1709:
1706:
1703:
1700:
1697:
1696:
1692:
1689:
1686:
1683:
1680:
1679:
1675:
1672:
1669:
1666:
1664:2 Corinthians
1663:
1662:
1658:
1655:
1652:
1649:
1647:1 Corinthians
1646:
1645:
1641:
1638:
1635:
1632:
1629:
1628:
1624:
1621:
1618:
1615:
1612:
1611:
1607:
1604:
1601:
1598:
1595:
1594:
1590:
1587:
1584:
1581:
1578:
1577:
1573:
1570:
1567:
1564:
1561:
1560:
1556:
1553:
1550:
1547:
1544:
1543:
1539:
1536:
1533:
1530:
1527:
1526:
1523:
1521:
1517:
1513:
1509:
1505:
1501:
1497:
1496:Westcott-Hort
1493:
1489:
1485:
1484:Barbara Aland
1481:
1477:
1469:
1462:
1458:
1454:
1450:
1447:
1444:
1443:
1438:
1434:
1430:
1427:
1425:
1421:
1417:
1415:
1411:
1408:
1404:
1400:
1396:
1393:
1390:
1386:
1382:
1379:
1378:
1376:
1372:
1368:
1364:
1363:
1358:
1355:
1353:
1349:
1345:
1342:
1340:
1336:
1332:
1328:
1324:
1321:
1319:
1315:
1311:
1308:
1305:
1301:
1297:
1294:
1291:
1287:
1283:
1280:
1279:
1277:
1276:
1275:
1273:
1265:
1263:
1261:
1257:
1253:
1248:
1246:
1242:
1238:
1234:
1230:
1226:
1222:
1218:
1210:
1206:
1205:Bruce Metzger
1202:
1198:
1194:
1190:
1189:Barbara Aland
1187:
1186:
1182:
1181:
1178:
1177:Bruce Metzger
1174:
1170:
1166:
1162:
1161:Barbara Aland
1159:
1158:
1154:
1153:
1149:
1148:Allen Wikgren
1145:
1144:Bruce Metzger
1141:
1137:
1136:Matthew Black
1133:
1130:
1129:
1125:
1124:
1120:
1119:Allen Wikgren
1116:
1115:Bruce Metzger
1112:
1111:Matthew Black
1108:
1105:
1104:
1100:
1099:
1095:
1094:Allen Wikgren
1091:
1090:Bruce Metzger
1087:
1086:Matthew Black
1083:
1080:
1079:
1075:
1074:
1073:
1070:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1056:
1051:
1047:
1044:
1039:
1037:
1033:
1029:
1025:
1021:
1017:
1013:
1009:
1008:
1003:
998:
996:
992:
984:
979:
977:
975:
971:
966:
961:
959:
958:Majority Text
955:
954:Bruce Metzger
951:
947:
943:
939:
935:
931:
927:
923:
919:
914:
912:
908:
903:
899:
895:
894:critical text
891:
883:
881:
879:
878:
873:
868:
866:
862:
858:
854:
850:
846:
842:
838:
834:
833:New Testament
830:
826:
821:
820:
804:
796:
788:
777:
772:
770:
765:
763:
758:
757:
755:
754:
751:
740:
737:
736:
729:
726:
724:
721:
720:
716:
715:Infallibility
713:
711:
708:
707:
700:
697:
696:
695:
692:
690:
687:
686:
679:
678:
670:
667:
665:
662:
660:
657:
655:
652:
650:
647:
645:
642:
640:
637:
635:
632:
630:
627:
625:
622:
620:
617:
615:
614:Homosexuality
612:
610:
607:
605:
602:
600:
597:
595:
592:
591:
586:
583:
581:
578:
576:
573:
571:
568:
567:
562:
559:
557:
554:
552:
549:
548:
544:
541:
540:
534:
533:
521:
518:
516:
513:
511:
508:
506:
503:
501:
498:
496:
493:
492:
490:
489:
486:
482:
477:
474:
472:
469:
467:
464:
462:
461:
457:
455:
452:
450:
449:
445:
444:
440:
437:
435:
432:
430:
426:
424:
421:
419:
415:
413:
410:
408:
405:
403:
400:
399:
397:
396:
391:
386:
385:
377:
374:
372:
369:
367:
364:
362:
359:
357:
354:
352:
351:
347:
345:
342:
340:
337:
335:
332:
330:
327:
325:
322:
320:
317:
316:
309:
305:
302:
301:
297:
296:
289:
286:
285:
281:
278:
276:
273:
272:
268:
265:
263:
260:
258:
255:
253:
250:
249:
245:
242:
240:
237:
235:
232:
231:
223:
220:
219:
215:
214:
204:
201:
199:
196:
194:
191:
190:
189:
186:
185:
181:
178:
177:
173:
170:
168:
165:
164:
159:
156:
154:
151:
150:
143:
140:
138:
135:
133:
130:
129:
128:
125:
124:
116:
113:
112:
108:
107:
103:
99:
98:
95:
91:
87:
83:
82:
74:
68:
64:
60:
57:
54:
50:
45:
42:Nestle–Aland
39:
34:
19:
2772:
2732:
2725:Bibliography
2714:
2709:
2697:. Retrieved
2687:
2679:
2661:
2656:
2638:
2626:
2614:
2602:
2583:
2571:
2559:
2540:
2534:
2511:
2498:
2489:
2481:
2466:
2461:
2451:
2446:
2437:
2431:
2411:
2404:
2396:
2391:
2383:
2378:
2356:
2349:
2041:Abbreviation
2034:
2019:
2014:
2009:
2004:
1488:orthographic
1475:
1473:
1460:
1448:
1442:Nova Vulgata
1440:
1428:
1412:
1394:
1380:
1360:
1356:
1343:
1331:B. M. Newman
1326:
1322:
1309:
1295:
1281:
1269:
1251:
1249:
1229:David Parker
1224:
1220:
1214:
1071:
1048:
1043:Erwin Nestle
1040:
1005:
999:
994:
988:
973:
964:
962:
915:
910:
887:
876:
875:
869:
864:
849:Nestle–Aland
848:
824:
818:
815:
682:Perspectives
543:Hermeneutics
459:
458:
446:
366:Luther Bible
361:Gothic Bible
350:Vetus Latina
348:
304:Translations
244:Hebrew canon
172:Antilegomena
167:Deuterocanon
43:
2699:23 November
2576:Holmes 2003
2564:Holmes 2003
2504:Aland, Kurt
1715:Philippians
1492:Tischendorf
936:texts (the
902:manuscripts
884:Methodology
837:Koine Greek
580:Inspiration
418:Historicity
376:by language
308:manuscripts
56:Koine Greek
2799:Categories
2735:. London.
2370:References
1987:Revelation
1732:Colossians
1537:Percentage
1516:Revelation
1459:(with the
1193:Kurt Aland
1183:UBS5, 2014
1165:Kurt Aland
1155:UBS4, 1993
1132:Kurt Aland
1126:UBS3, 1975
1107:Kurt Aland
1101:UBS2, 1968
1082:Kurt Aland
1076:UBS1, 1966
1050:Kurt Aland
1032:Sinaiticus
950:Gordon Fee
857:Kurt Aland
798:Kurt Aland
585:Literalism
495:Historical
402:Archeology
339:Septuagint
234:Authorship
222:Authorship
2771:Official
2751:cite book
2031:Influence
1800:2 Timothy
1783:1 Timothy
1698:Ephesians
1681:Galatians
1500:von Soden
1463:Italiana)
1211:, MĂĽnster
1036:Vaticanus
1028:Stuttgart
934:minuscule
710:Inerrancy
520:Canonical
515:Redaction
407:Artifacts
188:Apocrypha
117:and books
2646:Archived
2592:Archived
2510:(1995).
2314:See also
1834:Philemon
1377:Diglot:
1233:Holy See
1016:Westcott
989:In 1898
980:Editions
898:eclectic
890:scholars
659:Violence
644:Serpents
634:Prophecy
629:Muhammad
344:Peshitta
334:Targumim
86:a series
84:Part of
52:Language
2664:History
2024:
1902:2 Peter
1885:1 Peter
1851:Hebrews
1545:Matthew
1520:letters
1508:Gospels
1306:(1993).
1292:(2012).
1278:Greek:
985:History
831:of the
827:) is a
699:Quranic
694:Islamic
689:Gnostic
664:Warfare
654:Slavery
594:Alcohol
556:Midrash
500:Textual
356:Vulgate
142:Ketuvim
137:Nevi'im
62:Website
2739:
2547:
2522:
2419:
1953:3 John
1936:2 John
1919:1 John
1630:Romans
1531:Verses
1514:, and
1455:
1439:(with
1435:
1422:
1405:(with
1401:
1387:
1369:
1350:
1337:
1316:
1302:
1288:
918:uncial
624:Incest
604:Ethics
561:Pardes
551:Pesher
505:Source
434:Places
429:People
412:Dating
239:Dating
193:Jewish
127:Tanakh
115:Canons
88:on the
2020:62.9%
2005:Total
1996:52.8%
1979:72.0%
1962:73.3%
1945:61.5%
1928:72.4%
1911:52.5%
1894:66.6%
1877:61.6%
1868:James
1860:77.2%
1843:76.0%
1826:71.7%
1817:Titus
1809:79.5%
1792:81.4%
1775:72.3%
1758:68.5%
1741:72.6%
1724:70.2%
1707:76.1%
1690:76.5%
1673:78.1%
1656:75.7%
1639:75.5%
1622:67.3%
1605:51.8%
1588:57.2%
1574:10.3
1571:45.1%
1554:59.9%
669:Women
619:Humor
439:Names
132:Torah
94:Bible
2757:link
2737:ISBN
2701:2013
2545:ISBN
2520:ISBN
2417:ISBN
2286:NKJV
2130:NRSV
2078:NASB
2052:NASB
2044:Name
2015:4999
2010:7947
1999:5.1
1982:4.2
1970:Jude
1965:3.2
1948:4.5
1931:2.8
1914:6.5
1897:5.7
1880:5.6
1863:2.9
1846:5.1
1829:2.3
1812:2.8
1795:2.9
1778:3.1
1761:4.1
1744:3.4
1727:2.5
1710:2.9
1693:3.3
1676:2.8
1659:3.5
1642:2.9
1625:4.2
1616:1006
1613:Acts
1608:8.5
1596:John
1591:6.9
1582:1151
1579:Luke
1562:Mark
1557:6.8
1548:1071
1528:Book
1512:Acts
1482:and
1480:Kurt
1453:ISBN
1433:ISBN
1420:ISBN
1399:ISBN
1385:ISBN
1367:ISBN
1348:ISBN
1335:ISBN
1329:(by
1314:ISBN
1300:ISBN
1286:ISBN
1067:2814
1055:0189
1020:Hort
1018:and
963:The
952:and
928:and
877:UBS5
865:NA28
855:and
843:and
639:Rape
510:Form
306:and
2307:20
2299:KJV
2294:19
2281:18
2273:MRD
2268:17
2260:TLB
2255:16
2247:DRA
2242:15
2234:NLT
2229:14
2221:GNB
2216:13
2208:JNT
2203:12
2195:REB
2190:11
2182:NJB
2177:10
2169:NIV
2156:RSV
2143:NET
2117:HCS
2104:ESV
2091:NAB
2065:ASV
1993:214
1990:405
1922:105
1888:105
1871:108
1857:234
1854:303
1786:113
1718:104
1704:118
1701:155
1687:114
1684:149
1670:200
1667:256
1653:331
1650:437
1636:327
1633:433
1619:677
1602:450
1599:869
1585:658
1568:306
1565:678
1551:642
1474:In
1365:),
1333:),
1260:127
1256:117
1063:614
1014:of
1010:),
997:.
649:Sex
2801::
2753:}}
2749:{{
2671:^
2506:;
2474:^
2164:9
2151:8
2138:7
2125:6
2112:5
2099:4
2086:3
2073:2
2060:1
1976:18
1973:25
1959:11
1956:15
1939:13
1925:76
1908:32
1905:61
1891:70
1874:66
1840:19
1837:25
1823:33
1820:46
1806:66
1803:83
1789:92
1772:34
1769:47
1755:61
1752:89
1738:69
1735:95
1721:73
1510:,
1498:,
1494:,
1478:,
1451:,
1431:,
1418:,
1397:,
1383:,
1203:,
1199:,
1195:,
1191:,
1175:,
1171:,
1167:,
1163:,
1146:,
1142:,
1138:,
1134:,
1117:,
1113:,
1109:,
1092:,
1088:,
1084:,
1065:,
1061:,
1059:33
1038:.
972:'
867:.
808:c.
203:NT
198:OT
2759:)
2745:.
2703:.
2553:.
2528:.
2440:.
2425:.
1942:8
1445:)
1258:-
1243:/
1239:(
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1121:.
1096:.
1004:(
823:(
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768:t
761:v
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