117:
172:
190:
181:
443:
98:
140:
350:
as a result of his participation in the operation, the recommendation for the award describes how Manus became ill with pneumonia shortly after they arrived in Norway, meaning that Gram had to undertake much of the organisation on the ground, and also nursing Manus during his recovery. Gram was also
458:
was already under way (this medal was not generally awarded posthumously at the time). The recommendation particularly mentions the successful sinking of a German patrol vessel in Oslo harbour in
February 1944, and the daring, but unsuccessful, daylight attack on the troopship
418:
Operation Derby directed towards German soldiers. In particular he was involved in an attack organised by Sønsteby which destroyed German records about the
Norwegian workforce, and his attack on an oil storage depot.
401:
In
October 1943, Gram (along with Manus, Einar Juvén and C.F. Wiborg) returned to Norway to perform a second operation, known as Bundle, targeting German ships. Other sabotage missions followed, coordinated within
342:, which resulted in the sinking of two ships and damage to a third on 28 April, despite the fact it was a very light night, and water conditions were such that the canoes generated a very visible
886:
906:
316:. After serving as a soldier in the early battles following the German invasion, he soon became involved in propaganda activity and the illegal press, he had to flee from Norway in 1941.
916:
891:
881:
911:
926:
921:
715:
901:
896:
282:
931:
286:
662:
826:
537:
781:
618:
40:
793:
761:
674:
630:
555:
346:
in their wake. Gram and Manus returned to the United
Kingdom, where they stayed until October 1943. Gram was awarded the British
324:
238:
158:
376:
278:
203:
707:
313:
20:
719:
320:
153:
546:
395:
391:
360:
309:
270:
831:
430:, Gram went to a meeting with fake Nazi deserters. Shooting ensued, and Gram was killed at the hands of
856:
876:
871:
460:
368:
356:
352:
175:
533:
498:
414:. Parallel to his saboteur activity, Gram continued his involvement with propaganda, including the
384:
372:
339:
297:
242:
411:
171:
116:
789:
757:
670:
626:
551:
541:
434:. His father Harald Gram, who was also involved in the resistance movement, survived the war.
423:
234:
143:
680:
658:
493:
477:
427:
415:
380:
250:
561:
799:
777:
636:
343:
189:
229:(15 December 1917 – 13 November 1944) was a Norwegian resistance fighter and saboteur. A
614:
455:
447:
347:
225:
221:
193:
184:
120:
865:
466:
293:
364:
180:
442:
403:
331:
266:
262:
208:
67:
387:
821:
589:
749:
335:
708:"Recommendations for Honours and Awards (Army)—Image details—Gram, Gregers"
454:
At the time of his death, the process of recommending Gram for the
British
39:
470:
338:
on 12 March 1943, and the two carried out a successful sabotage mission,
230:
379:, also received the War Cross with sword at this ceremony. Present were
465:. His Military Medal was presented to his father on 7 February 1945 by
431:
481:
407:
103:
441:
139:
274:
84:
422:
Gram was killed on 13 November 1944 in an ambush in a café at
19:
For his grandfather, the
Norwegian jurist and politician, see
723:(fee required to view full pdf of original recommendations)
319:
After arriving in Great
Britain, he was recruited by the
887:
Norwegian military personnel killed in World War II
312:on 9 April 1940, Gregers Gram became active in the
199:
166:
149:
134:
126:
109:
91:
74:
54:
46:
30:
702:
700:
698:
907:Norwegian Special Operations Executive personnel
426:in Oslo. Together with fellow resistance member
917:Recipients of the War Cross with Sword (Norway)
744:
742:
740:
491:In 2008 he was portrayed in the Norwegian film
756:(in Norwegian). Oslo: Damm. pp. 176–177.
277:. He was named after his paternal grandfather
788:(in Norwegian). Oslo: Cappelen. p. 319.
669:(in Norwegian). Oslo: Cappelen. p. 221.
550:(in Norwegian). Oslo: Cappelen. p. 138.
8:
625:(in Norwegian). Oslo: Cappelen. pp. ?.
296:at the first try, but later enrolled at the
38:
27:
892:Resistance members killed by Nazi Germany
583:
581:
579:
16:Norwegian resistance fighter and saboteur
882:Norwegian Army personnel of World War II
609:
607:
912:World War II resistance press activists
510:
480:was erected near NjĂĄrdhallen, in the
359:at a ceremony at the training school
283:Norwegian Prime Minister in Stockholm
7:
528:
526:
524:
522:
520:
518:
516:
514:
355:in summer 1943, presented to him by
323:and received military training with
822:"Hennie fryktet kritikk fra Tikken"
588:Alkärr, Thomas (28 November 2008).
484:borough of Oslo, in 1994. The road
469:, who was then head of the British
827:Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation
488:in Oslo has been named after him.
367:. In addition to Gram, Manus, and
14:
410:'s sabotage group in Oslo led by
927:Recipients of the Military Medal
922:Recipients of the Military Cross
188:
179:
170:
138:
115:
96:
325:Norwegian Independent Company 1
239:Norwegian Independent Company 1
159:Norwegian Independent Company 1
784:. In Hans Fredrik Dahl (ed.).
665:. In Hans Fredrik Dahl (ed.).
621:. In Hans Fredrik Dahl (ed.).
279:Gregers Winther Wulfsberg Gram
218:Gregers Winther Wulfsberg Gram
50:Gregers Winther Wulfsberg Gram
1:
446:Bust of Gregers Gram outside
902:Military personnel from Oslo
897:Norwegian resistance members
321:Special Operations Executive
310:German troops invaded Norway
154:Special Operations Executive
932:Deaths by firearm in Norway
786:Norsk krigsleksikon 1940–45
667:Norsk krigsleksikon 1940–45
623:Norsk krigsleksikon 1940–45
547:Norsk krigsleksikon 1940-45
948:
392:Chief of Defence of Norway
334:into Norway together with
287:County Governor of Hedmark
18:
261:Gregers Gram was born in
253:, he was killed in 1944.
37:
592:(in Norwegian). NRK Gull
351:decorated with Norway's
21:Gregers Gram (1846–1929)
476:To commemorate Gram a
451:
292:Gram did not pass his
271:stipendiary magistrate
265:in 1917 as the son of
246:
832:Norwegian News Agency
716:The National Archives
445:
127:Years of service
353:War Cross with sword
176:War Cross with sword
499:Nicolai Cleve Broch
396:von Tangen Hansteen
385:Minister of Defence
340:Operation Mardonius
314:resistance movement
834:. 17 December 2008
452:
363:in Scotland, near
298:University of Oslo
802:on 5 January 2010
683:on 11 August 2011
542:Hans Fredrik Dahl
486:Gregers Grams vei
467:Sir Victor Mallet
381:Crown Prince Olav
269:, later known as
235:second lieutenant
215:
214:
204:Gregers Gram, Sr.
144:Second Lieutenant
85:Plasskafeen, Oslo
939:
857:Family genealogy
844:
843:
841:
839:
830:(in Norwegian).
818:
812:
811:
809:
807:
798:. Archived from
778:Borgersrud, Lars
774:
768:
767:
746:
735:
734:
732:
730:
724:
718:. Archived from
704:
693:
692:
690:
688:
679:. Archived from
655:
649:
648:
646:
644:
639:on 20 April 2009
635:. Archived from
611:
602:
601:
599:
597:
585:
574:
573:
571:
569:
564:on 20 April 2009
560:. Archived from
530:
428:Edvard Tallaksen
416:black propaganda
304:Second World War
281:, who served as
251:Second World War
228:
192:
183:
174:
142:
119:
111:
102:
100:
99:
81:
78:13 November 1944
65:15 December 1917
64:
62:
42:
28:
947:
946:
942:
941:
940:
938:
937:
936:
862:
861:
853:
848:
847:
837:
835:
820:
819:
815:
805:
803:
796:
776:
775:
771:
764:
748:
747:
738:
728:
726:
725:on 15 July 2021
722:
712:DocumentsOnline
706:
705:
696:
686:
684:
677:
663:"Kompani Linge"
657:
656:
652:
642:
640:
633:
615:Moland, Arnfinn
613:
612:
605:
595:
593:
587:
586:
577:
567:
565:
558:
538:"Gram, Gregers"
532:
531:
512:
507:
440:
412:Gunnar Sønsteby
377:Rjukan missions
344:phosphorescence
306:
300:to study law.
259:
220:
207:
187:
178:
97:
95:
83:
79:
66:
60:
58:
33:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
945:
943:
935:
934:
929:
924:
919:
914:
909:
904:
899:
894:
889:
884:
879:
874:
864:
863:
860:
859:
852:
851:External links
849:
846:
845:
813:
794:
769:
762:
736:
694:
675:
659:Nøkleby, Berit
650:
631:
619:"Gram, Harald"
603:
590:"Gregers Gram"
575:
556:
534:Kraglund, Ivar
509:
508:
506:
503:
473:in Stockholm.
456:Military Cross
439:
436:
348:Military Medal
305:
302:
258:
255:
213:
212:
201:
197:
196:
194:Military Medal
185:Military Cross
168:
164:
163:
162:
161:
151:
147:
146:
136:
132:
131:
128:
124:
123:
121:Norwegian Army
113:
107:
106:
93:
89:
88:
82:(aged 26)
76:
72:
71:
70:, Oslo, Norway
56:
52:
51:
48:
44:
43:
35:
34:
31:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
944:
933:
930:
928:
925:
923:
920:
918:
915:
913:
910:
908:
905:
903:
900:
898:
895:
893:
890:
888:
885:
883:
880:
878:
875:
873:
870:
869:
867:
858:
855:
854:
850:
833:
829:
828:
823:
817:
814:
801:
797:
795:82-02-14138-9
791:
787:
783:
782:"Oslogjengen"
779:
773:
770:
765:
763:82-04-09571-6
759:
755:
751:
745:
743:
741:
737:
721:
717:
713:
709:
703:
701:
699:
695:
682:
678:
676:82-02-14138-9
672:
668:
664:
660:
654:
651:
638:
634:
632:82-02-14138-9
628:
624:
620:
616:
610:
608:
604:
591:
584:
582:
580:
576:
563:
559:
557:82-02-14138-9
553:
549:
548:
543:
539:
535:
529:
527:
525:
523:
521:
519:
517:
515:
511:
504:
502:
500:
496:
495:
489:
487:
483:
479:
474:
472:
468:
464:
463:
457:
449:
444:
437:
435:
433:
429:
425:
420:
417:
413:
409:
405:
399:
397:
393:
389:
386:
382:
378:
374:
370:
366:
362:
358:
354:
349:
345:
341:
337:
333:
328:
326:
322:
317:
315:
311:
303:
301:
299:
295:
294:examen artium
290:
288:
284:
280:
276:
272:
268:
264:
256:
254:
252:
249:) during the
248:
247:Kompani Linge
244:
240:
236:
232:
227:
223:
219:
210:
206:(grandfather)
205:
202:
198:
195:
191:
186:
182:
177:
173:
169:
165:
160:
157:
156:
155:
152:
148:
145:
141:
137:
133:
129:
125:
122:
118:
114:
108:
105:
94:
90:
86:
77:
73:
69:
57:
53:
49:
45:
41:
36:
29:
26:
22:
836:. Retrieved
825:
816:
804:. Retrieved
800:the original
785:
772:
753:
727:. Retrieved
720:the original
711:
685:. Retrieved
681:the original
666:
653:
641:. Retrieved
637:the original
622:
594:. Retrieved
566:. Retrieved
562:the original
545:
492:
490:
485:
475:
461:
453:
421:
400:
365:Nethy Bridge
329:
318:
307:
291:
260:
217:
216:
80:(1944-11-13)
32:Gregers Gram
25:
877:1944 deaths
872:1917 births
838:21 December
806:20 December
729:22 December
687:20 December
643:21 December
596:21 December
568:20 December
448:NjĂĄrdhallen
424:Grünerløkka
404:Oslogjengen
357:King Haakon
332:paradropped
267:Harald Gram
263:Vestre Aker
209:Harald Gram
68:Vestre Aker
866:Categories
750:Manus, Max
505:References
462:Monte Rosa
388:Oscar Torp
257:Early life
233:and later
92:Allegiance
61:1917-12-15
47:Birth name
497:by actor
494:Max Manus
375:from the
369:Rønneberg
336:Max Manus
243:Norwegian
200:Relations
130:1940–1944
780:(1995).
754:Mitt liv
752:(1995).
661:(1995).
617:(1995).
536:(1995).
471:Legation
394:General
373:Poulsson
231:corporal
211:(father)
110:Service/
87:, Norway
544:(ed.).
450:, Oslo.
432:Gestapo
330:He was
237:in the
792:
760:
673:
629:
554:
482:Ullern
438:Legacy
408:Milorg
390:, and
361:STS 26
167:Awards
112:branch
104:Norway
101:
540:. In
308:When
224:
840:2008
808:2008
790:ISBN
758:ISBN
731:2008
689:2008
671:ISBN
645:2008
627:ISBN
598:2008
570:2008
552:ISBN
478:bust
371:and
285:and
275:Oslo
150:Unit
135:Rank
75:Died
55:Born
327:.
273:of
868::
824:.
739:^
714:.
710:.
697:^
606:^
578:^
513:^
501:.
406:,
398:.
383:,
289:.
245::
226:MM
222:MC
842:.
810:.
766:.
733:.
691:.
647:.
600:.
572:.
241:(
63:)
59:(
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
