1442:. His episcopal duties did not interfere with his studies; he took advantage of the numerous visitations, which he had to make throughout his vast province, to consult the libraries and converse with the learned men whom he happened to meet. Thus he gradually accumulated an immense erudition, became familiar with almost all branches of secular and religious knowledge, and in many cases thoroughly mastered the bibliography of the various subjects which he undertook to treat. Bar Hebraeus preserved and systematized the work of his predecessors, either by way of condensation or by way of direct reproduction. Both on account of his virtues and of his science, Bar Hebraeus was highly esteemed. He died in
1484:
1728:. He once mused: When I had given much thought and pondered on the matter, I became convinced that these quarrels among the different Christian Churches are not a matter of factual substance, but of words and terminology; for they all confess Christ our Lord to be perfect God and perfect human, without any commingling, mixing, or confusion of the natures... Thus I saw all the Christian communities, with their different christological positions, as possessing a single common ground that is without any difference between them.
1068:
1048:
3659:
1096:
1078:
1058:
1759:, "Book of the Dove", an ascetical guide. Both have been edited by Bedjan in "Ethicon seu Moralia Gregorii Barhebræi" (Paris and Leipzig, 1898). The "Book of the Dove" was issued simultaneously by Cardahi (Rome, 1898). Bar Hebraeus codified the juridical texts of the Syriac Orthodox, in a collection called
2136:
Tārīkh mukhtaṣar al-duwal/Historia compendiosa dynastiarum authore
Gregorio Abul-Pharajio, Malatiensi medico, historiam complectens universalem, à mundo condito, usque ad tempora authoris, res orientalium accuratissimè describens. Arabice edita, & Latine versa, ab Edvardo Pocockio linguæ Hebraicæ
1258:
of the Syriac
Orthodox Church, giving rise to the Latinised name Bar Hebraeus. It was previously thought that this name, which means "Son of the Hebrew", was a reference to his Jewish background. Modern scholarship has moved away from this affirmation, because it is not substantiated by other facts.
358:
1822:
Beside previously mentioned, Bar
Hebraeus has left many other works on mathematics, astronomy, cosmography, medicine and philosophy, some of which have been published, but others exist only in manuscripts. The more important of them are:
2962:
Gregorii
Barhebraei Chronicon ecclesiasticum: quod e codice Musei britannici descriptum conjuncta opera ediderunt, Latinitate donarunt annotationibusque ...illustrarunt Jean Baptiste Abbeloos, Thomas Joseph
1021:
3719:
1237:), but according to the Syriac Orthodox tradition of naming high priests, it may have occurred at the time of his consecration as bishop. Throughout his life, he was often referred to by the Syriac
1674:
and consists of a series of entries of important individuals. The first half covers the history of the Syriac
Orthodox Church and the Patriarchs of Antioch, while the second half is devoted to the
1364:
the area of
Malatya, and falling ill, sought for a physician. Aaron, the Hebrew physician, was summoned. Upon his recovery, the Mongol general and Aaron, who took his family with him, went to
2975:
Gregorii Bar-Hebraei
Scholia in Psalmum LXVIII. e codicibus mss. syriacis Bibliothecae Florentinae et Clementino-Vaticanae et Bodleianae Oxoniensis primum edita et annotationibus illustrata
3764:
3009:
1016:
3744:
1124:
1644:(late 8th century, although he has this only through Michael the Syrian and other dependents). The work is divided into two portions, often transmitted separately.
3632:
1202:
In his numerous and elaborate treatises, he collected as much contemporary knowledge in theology, philosophy, science and history as was possible in 13th century
703:
1620:
and previous Syriac
Orthodox theologians. No complete edition of the work has yet been issued, but many individual books have been published at different times.
1640:
down to his own day. Bar
Hebraeus used almost all that had been written before him, showing particular favor to the now lost chronographic records published by
1439:
1408:
3754:
1323:
A Syriac bishop, philosopher, poet, grammarian, physician, biblical commentator, historian, and theologian, Bar
Hebraeus was the son of a physician, Aaron (
1071:
1081:
3608:
516:
1798:", written in verses with commentaries, and extant in some 140 copies from various periods. In that work, he referred to his native language both as
3749:
3002:
3603:
3543:
1117:
471:
1570:, both doctrinal and critical. Before giving his doctrinal exposition of a passage, he first considers its critical state. Although he uses the
3734:
3694:
3330:
1376:). There Bar Hebraeus continued with his studies and when he was about seventeen years of age he became a monk and began to lead the life of a
2727:"It is Not Right to Call Ourselves Orthodox and the Other Heretics: Ecumenical Attitudes in the Jacobite Church in the Time of the Crusaders"
2661:
931:
1875:
A full list of Bar Hebraeus's other works, and of editions of such of them as have been published, can be found in several scholarly works.
3204:
966:
1499:, "The Cream of Science", which deals with almost every branch of human knowledge, and comprises the whole Aristotelian discipline, after
2995:
3699:
2836:
1277:). However, all references to this longer name are posthumous. The Syriac nickname Bar ʿEbrāyā is sometimes arabised as ibn al-ʿIbrī (
1110:
475:
403:
3279:
2920:
2899:
2859:
2738:
2715:
2640:
2619:
2505:
1708:, adapted for a wider Arabic-reading readership rather than solely for Syriac-literate clergy. The work became known under the name
440:
408:
3769:
3684:
3533:
3273:
3267:
484:
388:
3528:
3315:
3174:
976:
545:
1483:
3598:
3248:
1361:
866:
2443:
2372:
3513:
3108:
1423:
624:
502:
462:
123:
1061:
3242:
2930:
1554:. To these should be added a few translations of Arabic works into Syriac, as well as some treatises written in Arabic.
776:
2800:"Reflections on Identity: The Suryoye of the Twelfth and Thirteenth Centuries: Bar Salibi, Bar Shakko, and Barhebraeus"
3759:
3615:
3432:
3291:
3189:
3183:
3153:
1404:
1051:
339:
3259:
3159:
3066:
981:
619:
3234:
3122:
3041:
2562:
2548:
2363:
Gregorii Barhebraei Chronicon Syriacum e codd. mss. emendatum ac punctis vocalibus adnotationibusque locupletatum
1141:
654:
555:
467:
383:
2532:
1716:
in 1663 with Latin comments and translation. A modern edition was first published by Fr. Anton Salhani in 1890.
1602:. The work of Bar Hebraeus is of prime importance for the recovery of these versions and more specially for the
3739:
3472:
3336:
3130:
2954:
The Chronography of Gregory Abû’l Faraj, the Son of Aaron, the Hebrew Physician, Commonly known as Bar Hebraeus
2431:
The Chronography of Gregory Abû'l Faraj, the Son of Aaron, the Hebrew Physician, Commonly known as Bar Hebraeus
2417:
The Chronography of Gregory Abû'l Faraj, the Son of Aaron, the Hebrew Physician, Commonly known as Bar Hebraeus
2335:
2137:
in Academia Oxoniensi professore regio, nec non in eadem L. Arabicæ prælectore., & Ædis Christi præbendario
1504:
1459:
836:
826:
560:
1810:(sûryāyā). His other grammatical work is called the "Book of Splendours" (Ktābā d-ṣemḥe). Both were edited by
3704:
3417:
3324:
1369:
816:
752:
590:
540:
526:
431:
3538:
3457:
3442:
3300:
3074:
3055:
2299:"On the Medical Works of Barhebraeus: With a Description of the Abridgement of Ḥunain's Medical Questions"
1888:
1739:, "Book of Rays", a summary of the first. These works have not been published, and exist in manuscript in
1694:
1581:
1373:
1188:
926:
896:
679:
674:
669:
580:
570:
480:
458:
436:
427:
378:
373:
313:
185:
175:
2749:
223:
213:
2498:
Language and Identity in Multilingual Mediterranean Settings: Challenges for Historical Sociolinguistics
2439:
1637:
1598:
1311:, pronounced Mor in West Syriac dialect), and thus Mar/Mor Gregory. He is also known as Abu'l Faraj (in
1168:
991:
595:
575:
565:
1435:
2967:
2464:"La Grammatica Metrica di Barhebraeus (XIII sec.) e le sue glosse: Siriaco, greco e arabo in contatto"
1592:, by Oriental versions, Armenian and Coptic, and finally by the other Syriac translations, Heraclean,
1503:
and Arabian writers. This work, so far, has not been published, with the exception of one chapter, by
1199:, has been praised as one of the most learned and versatile writers among Syriac Orthodox Christians.
3729:
3724:
3714:
3588:
3422:
3397:
1641:
1451:
1259:
The name may refer to the ancestral origin of his family from ʿEbrā, a village by the Euphrates near
585:
323:
1701:, Syriac text, Latin translation. An English translation by David Wilmshurst was published in 2016.
3709:
3663:
3637:
3492:
3477:
3437:
3018:
1704:
Bar Hebraeus towards the end of his life decided to write a history in Arabic largely based on the
1255:
1100:
961:
801:
521:
393:
273:
70:
2595:"From High Priest to Patriarch: History and Authority in the Ecclesiastical History of Bar Ebroyo"
3689:
3548:
3452:
3382:
3096:
2769:
2425:
2411:
2391:
1868:
1698:
1675:
1660:
1411:
1192:
986:
901:
871:
723:
713:
600:
550:
347:
140:
116:
112:
31:
2517:"Comparing the Syriac and Arabic Chronicles of Barhebraeus: The Question of Intended Audiences"
2298:
3593:
3357:
3032:
2916:
2895:
2855:
2832:
2824:
2734:
2711:
2657:
2636:
2615:
2501:
2493:
2318:
1787:
1467:
1392:
1263:, the city in which he grew up. A few Syriac sources give Bar Hebraeus's full Arabic name as
1196:
1149:
1001:
916:
841:
398:
2726:
2703:
3482:
3407:
3213:
3089:
3026:
2811:
2761:
2310:
1800:
1616:
is a translation by Paul of Tella. His exegetical and doctrinal portions are taken from the
1589:
1427:
1384:
1342:
1207:
1195:, philosophy, history, linguistics, and poetry. For his contributions to the development of
1184:
891:
886:
664:
649:
128:
3575:
3558:
3553:
3377:
3372:
3049:
2704:"The Crusaders in Barhebraeus' Syriac and Arabic Secular Chronicles: A Different Approach"
2395:
2134:
1806:
1783:
1683:
1576:
as a basis, he knows that it is not perfect, and therefore controls it by the Hebrew, the
1330:
1304:
1286:
1278:
1270:
1227:
1211:
1011:
1006:
861:
806:
781:
718:
708:
2669:
2651:
2477:"Barhebraeus' Metrical Grammar and Ms. BML Or. 298: Codicological and Linguistic Remarks"
1191:
from 1264 to 1286. He was a prominent writer, who created various works in the fields of
1842:(Ascent of the Mind), a treatise on astronomy and cosmography, edited and translated by
1299:), but this may be a scribal error. As a Syriac bishop, Bar Hebraeus is often given the
17:
3651:
3518:
3508:
3462:
3402:
3134:
3112:
1751:. Ascetical and moral theology were also treated by Bar Hebraeus, and we have from him
1713:
1396:
1312:
1223:
1203:
1161:
911:
876:
771:
747:
684:
511:
290:
2677:
3678:
3625:
3311:
3170:
2951:
2782:
2773:
2690:
2160:
1811:
1617:
1419:
846:
659:
3467:
3387:
3145:
766:
742:
614:
2981:
1346:
2960:
2934:
2910:
2887:
2870:
2847:
2630:
2607:
2566:
2552:
2536:
2429:
2415:
2361:
3487:
2871:"Die Syrische und die Arabische Weltgeschichte des Bar Hebraeus - ein Vergleich"
2357:
1656:
1593:
1551:
1337:). Bar Hebraeus was born in the village of ʿEbra (Izoli, Turk.: Kuşsarayı) near
921:
821:
689:
148:
30:"Abulpharagius" redirects here. For the 11th-century Nestorian philosopher, see
2765:
3412:
2314:
1779:
1768:
1725:
1585:
1577:
1523:
1176:
956:
851:
357:
2815:
2322:
1647:
The first portion deals with political and civil history and is known as the
3658:
3367:
1892:
1764:
1679:
1447:
1388:
1300:
1095:
831:
2799:
2973:
2888:"The Renaissance of Syriac Literature in the Twelfth–Thirteenth Centuries"
2197:
1324:
1264:
3620:
3523:
3362:
2852:
Orientalia Christiana: Festschrift für Hubert Kaufhold zum 70. Geburtstag
1686:
1572:
1527:
1500:
1443:
1400:
1354:
1238:
1180:
971:
856:
737:
171:
152:
2875:
Der Islam: Zeitschrift für Geschichte und Kultur des Islamischen Orients
1466:, II, 248–263; the account of his death was written by his brother, the
3447:
2731:
East and West in the Crusader States: Context, Contacts, Confrontations
2708:
East and West in the Crusader States: Context, Contacts, Confrontations
2543:. Roma: Pontificium institutum studiorum orientalium. pp. 403–408.
1604:
1547:
1365:
1338:
1285:). E. A. W. Budge says Bar Hebraeus was given the baptismal name John (
1266:
Jamāluddīn Abū'l-Faraj Ġrīġūriyūs bin Tājuddīn Hārūn bin Tūmā al-Malaṭī
1260:
996:
811:
269:
156:
66:
2987:
2578:"The Textual Tradition of Bar Ebroyo's Chronicle: A Preliminary Study"
1836:(Butter of Wisdom), an exposition of the whole philosophy of Aristotle
3221:
2608:"Some Remarks on East Syrian Influences Found in Barhebraeus's Works"
1843:
1744:
1609:
1546:("Book of Speech of Wisdom") represents a compendium of knowledge in
1535:
1531:
1415:
1377:
1026:
286:
89:
85:
2594:
2577:
2516:
2476:
2463:
1830:(Book of the Pupils of the Eyes), a treatise on logic or dialectics
1526:. Other works are to be found in various manuscripts, preserved at
1357:
and of many other branches of knowledge, which he never abandoned.
3581:
3392:
3225:
2912:
Bar Hebraeus: The Ecclesiastical Chronicle: An English Translation
2848:"Gregory Bar Ebrōyō and Abdisho Bar Brikhā: Similar but Different"
1884:
1740:
1671:
1567:
1519:
1482:
1455:
951:
881:
195:
144:
2444:"On the Arabic Chronicle of Bar Hebraeus: His Aims and Audience"
1748:
1275:جمال الدين ابو الفرج غريغوريوس بن تاج الدين هارون بن توما الملطي
2991:
2650:
Takahashi, Hidemi (2007). "Barhebraeus: Gregory Abū al-Faraj".
1542:("Commerce of Commerces") is a résumé of the preceding, while
2470:. Napoli: Università degli Studi di Napoli. pp. 107–125.
2159:
Gregorius abu-l-Faraj b. Harun (1890). Sahlani, Anton (ed.).
1670:
and covering the religious history. That section begins with
1666:
This was to give context to the second portion, known as the
2035:
2033:
1925:
1923:
1628:
Bar Hebraeus has left a large ecclesiastical history called
2733:. Vol. 2. Leuven: Peeters Publishers. pp. 13–27.
2710:. Vol. 1. Leuven: Peeters Publishers. pp. 39–49.
1782:
works of Gregory Bar Hebraeus resulted from his studies of
2750:"Gregory Barhebraeus and his Time: The Syrian Renaissance"
2612:
Griechische Philosophie und Wissenschaft bei den Ostsyrern
2494:"The Syro-Arabic Glosses to Barhebraeus' Metrical Grammar"
1910:
1908:
1867:(Book of Entertaining Stories), edited and translated by
2133:
Gregorius Abul-Pharajius (1663). Pococke, Edward (ed.).
1979:
1977:
27:
Primate of Syriac Orthodox Church of Antioch (1226–1286)
2831:. Vol. 4. Leiden-Boston: Brill. pp. 588–609.
2008:
2006:
2004:
1767:" (Paris, 1898). A Latin translation is to be found in
2695:
Gorgias Encyclopedic Dictionary of the Syriac Heritage
2682:
Gorgias Encyclopedic Dictionary of the Syriac Heritage
2614:. Berlin-Boston: Walter de Gruyter. pp. 157–175.
2500:. Berlin-Boston: Walter de Gruyter. pp. 157–170.
1952:
1950:
1790:. He wrote two major grammatical works. First is the "
1566:, "Storehouse of Secrets", a commentary on the entire
1518:("Book of the Pupils of the Eyes") is a compendium of
3720:
13th-century historians of the medieval Islamic world
2829:
Christian-Muslim Relations: A Bibliographical History
2599:
Corpus Scriptorum Christianorum Orientalium, Subsidia
1763:, "Book of Directions", edited by Bedjan, "Barhebræi
2854:. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag. pp. 543–551.
2783:"The Ecclesiastical Chronicle of Gregory Bar Ebroyo"
2568:
Oeuvres grammaticales d'Abou'lfaradj dit Bar Hebreus
2554:
Oeuvres grammaticales d'Abou'lfaradj dit Bar Hebreus
1403:
and medicine. In 1246, he was consecrated bishop of
1349:). Under the care of his father, he began as a boy (
1294:
3568:
3501:
3350:
3310:
3289:
3258:
3233:
3203:
3169:
3144:
3121:
3088:
3065:
3040:
3025:
2886:Weltecke, Dorothea; Younansardaroud, Helen (2019).
2373:"Barhebraeus et la tradition grammaticale syriaque"
319:
309:
301:
296:
280:
257:
252:
244:
234:
229:
219:
209:
201:
191:
181:
134:
122:
108:
100:
77:
51:
39:
2787:Journal of the Canadian Society for Syriac Studies
2754:Journal of the Canadian Society for Syriac Studies
2697:. Piscataway, NJ: Gorgias Press. pp. 391–393.
2297:Takahashi, Hidemi; Yaguchi, Naohide (2017-01-01).
1250:, which is pronounced and often transliterated as
1148:, b. 1226 - d. 30 July 1286), known by his Syriac
2684:. Piscataway, NJ: Gorgias Press. pp. 54–56.
2434:. Vol. 2. London: Oxford University Press.
2420:. Vol. 1. London: Oxford University Press.
1222:It is not clear when Bar Hebraeus adopted the
1771:, "Scriptorum Veter. Nova Collectio", vol. x.
1470:Gregory III (Grigorius bar Saumo; d. 1307/8).
3003:
1495:Bar Hebraeus' great encyclopedic work is his
1118:
8:
2653:The Biographical Encyclopedia of Astronomers
2396:"Three Thousand Years of Aramaic Literature"
1509:Analecta Orientalia ad poeticam Aristoteleam
1245:
1214:, which was the common language in his day.
3765:13th-century Syriac Orthodox Church bishops
2982:The Laughable Stories of Bar-Hebraeus, 1897
2468:Rappresentazioni linguistiche dell'identità
1562:The most important work of Bar Hebraeus is
1458:. He left an autobiography, to be found in
3745:13th-century Oriental Orthodox archbishops
3633:Malankara–Persian ecclesiastical relations
3230:
3118:
3037:
3010:
2996:
2988:
2096:
1792:Book of grammar in the meter of Mor Ephrem
1636:), in which he considers history from the
1418:. In 1255 he was again transferred to the
1125:
1111:
334:
36:
2952:Introduction of: Ernest A. Wallis Budge,
2342:. St. Louis, MO: B. Herder Book Co. 1924.
2248:
2012:
1929:
1731:In this field, we have from Bar Hebraeus
2956:, London: Oxford University Press, 1932.
3604:Proposals for Assyrian autonomy in Iraq
2894:. London: Routledge. pp. 698–717.
2340:A Biographical Dictionary of the Saints
2284:
2272:
1904:
364:
346:
3331:St. Thomas Evangelical Church of India
2260:
2236:
2224:
2120:
2108:
2075:
2063:
2051:
2039:
1983:
1968:
1956:
1941:
2537:"Bar Ebroyo and the Byzantine Empire"
2212:
2183:
1995:
1914:
1855:(Book of Rays), a treatise on grammar
81:30 July, 1286 (aged 59–60)
7:
2984:tr. by E.A.W. Budge, at sacred-texts
2936:A Short History of Syriac Literature
2804:Church History and Religious Culture
2024:
1414:, and in 1252 he was transferred to
1308:
1290:
1246:
1231:
1206:. Most of his works were written in
1145:
1057:
3755:Syrian Oriental Orthodox Christians
1735:, "Lamp of the Sanctuary", and the
1334:
1282:
1274:
1077:
2571:. Vol. 2. Paris: Maisonneuve.
2557:. Vol. 1. Paris: Maisonneuve.
1383:From Antioch Bar Hebraeus went to
25:
3609:Assyrian–Chaldean–Syriac diaspora
3280:Malabar Independent Syrian Church
2939:. London: Adam and Charles Black.
2915:. Piscataway, NJ: Gorgias Press.
2635:. Piscataway, NJ: Gorgias Press.
3657:
3274:Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church
3268:Jacobite Syrian Christian Church
1865:Kethabha dhe-Thunnaye Mghahkhane
1345:(now Turkey, in the province of
1210:language. He also wrote some in
1094:
1076:
1067:
1066:
1056:
1047:
1046:
485:Jacobite Syrian Christian Church
356:
3750:Syrian people of Jewish descent
2909:Wilmshurst, David, ed. (2016).
2632:Barhebraeus: A Bio-Bibliography
2165:. Beirut: Imprimerie Catholique
1724:In theology Bar Hebraeus was a
1651:. The standard edition of the
200:
3599:Assyrian independence movement
3249:Syro-Malankara Catholic Church
2601:. Louvain: Peeters Publishers.
1712:. This was first published by
1479:Encyclopedic and philosophical
1:
3735:13th-century Christian saints
3695:Syriac Orthodox Church saints
2869:Todt, Susanne Regina (1988).
1689:. The current edition of the
625:Non-Chalcedonian Christianity
503:History of Oriental Orthodoxy
463:French Coptic Orthodox Church
2846:Teule, Herman G. B. (2013).
2823:Teule, Herman G. B. (2012).
2798:Teule, Herman G. B. (2009).
2781:Teule, Herman G. B. (2006).
2748:Teule, Herman G. B. (2003).
2725:Teule, Herman G. B. (1999).
2702:Teule, Herman G. B. (1996).
2689:Taylor, David G. K. (2011).
1659:. An English translation by
1295:
3616:Terms for Syriac Christians
3433:Shimun VIII Yohannan Sulaqa
3292:Assyrian Church of the East
3190:Assyrian Pentecostal Church
3184:Assyrian Evangelical Church
3154:Assyrian Church of the East
2492:Farina, Margherita (2017).
2475:Farina, Margherita (2016).
2462:Farina, Margherita (2015).
1325:
1265:
1160:, in Arabic sources by his
3786:
3160:Ancient Church of the East
2766:10.31826/jcsss-2009-030104
2676:Takahashi, Hidemi (2011).
2629:Takahashi, Hidemi (2005).
2606:Schmitt, Jens Ole (2020).
2593:Mazzola, Marianna (2020).
2576:Mazzola, Marianna (2018).
2563:Martin, Jean-Pierre-Paulin
2549:Martin, Jean-Pierre-Paulin
2481:Studi classici e orientali
2087:3 vols., Louvain, 1872–77.
1544:Kethabha dhe-Sewadh Sophia
1487:A page from a copy of the
1399:in his time), and studied
982:Apostolic Church-Ordinance
620:Oriental Orthodox Theology
365:Oriental Orthodox churches
29:
3700:Christian anti-Gnosticism
3646:
3218:(active 1st century–1601)
2541:V Symposium Syriacum 1988
2315:10.1163/17455227-01501005
2162:Tārīkh mukhtaṣar al-duwal
1511:(London, 1887), 114–139.
1409:Syriac Orthodox Patriarch
655:Anaphora of Saint Gregory
329:
240:by Ignatius IV Yeshu
170:
166:
162:
96:
46:
3473:Dionysius of Vattasseril
3337:Believers Eastern Church
3131:Chaldean Catholic Church
2816:10.1163/187124109X407899
2678:"Bar ʿEbroyo, Grigorios"
1755:, "Book of Ethics", and
1691:Chronicon Ecclesiasticum
1668:Chronicon Ecclesiasticum
1580:, the Greek versions of
1460:Giuseppe Simone Assemani
1450:, and was buried at the
1326:Hārūn bin Tūmā al-Malaṭī
837:Athanasius of Alexandria
262:Hārūn bin Tūmā al-Malaṭī
18:Gregorius X Bar Hebraeus
3770:13th-century physicians
3685:Syrian Christian saints
3664:Christianity portal
3418:Mar Sabor and Mar Proth
3325:Mar Thoma Syrian Church
3205:Saint Thomas Christians
2426:Budge, Ernest A. Wallis
2412:Budge, Ernest A. Wallis
2371:Bohas, Georges (2008).
1710:al-Mukhtaṣar fi-l-Duwal
1663:was published in 1932.
1370:Principality of Antioch
1101:Christianity portal
867:Dioscorus of Alexandria
822:Nine Saints of Ethiopia
817:Gregory the Illuminator
753:Orthodox Tewahedo Bible
527:Saint Thomas Christians
324:St. Matthew's Monastery
3458:Ignatius Andrew Akijan
3443:Gregorios Abdal Jaleel
3301:Chaldean Syrian Church
3075:Syriac Orthodox Church
3056:Syriac Catholic Church
2656:. New York: Springer.
2515:Habbabé, Dibo (2018).
1889:Syriac Orthodox Church
1828:Kethabha dhe-Bhabhatha
1794:", also known as the "
1747:, London, Oxford, and
1516:Kethabha dhe-Bhabhatha
1492:
1374:Franco-Mongol alliance
1362:Mongol general invaded
1189:Syriac Orthodox Church
927:Gregorios Abdal Jaleel
680:Liturgy of Saint Cyril
675:Liturgy of Saint Basil
670:Liturgy of Saint James
314:Syriac Orthodox Church
186:Syriac Orthodox Church
176:Syriac Orthodox Church
2691:"Syriac Lexicography"
2366:. Paris: Maisonneuve.
1849:various medical works
1538:, and elsewhere. The
1486:
1426:and finally was made
932:Geevarghese Gregorios
643:Anaphora & Rites:
638:Liturgy and practices
3589:Assyrian nationalism
3534:Koy Sanjaq Christian
3519:Chaldean Neo-Aramaic
3509:Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
3423:Dionysius bar Salibi
3398:Philoxenus of Mabbug
3251:(West Syriac) (1932)
3245:(East Syriac) (1665)
2977:, Vratislaviae 1852.
2966:Also at Archive.org
1883:He is regarded as a
1761:Kethabha dhe-Hudhaye
1753:Kethabha dhe-Ithiqon
1682:Patriarchs, and the
1642:Theophilus of Edessa
1452:Mor Mattai Monastery
1351:a teneris unguiculis
1335:هارون بن توما الملطي
1138:Gregory Bar Hebraeus
967:Patriarch of Antioch
534:Ecumenical Councils:
497:History and theology
422:Independent churches
41:Gregory Bar Hebraeus
3638:Syriac sacral music
3493:Baselios Paulose II
3478:Geevarghese Ivanios
3438:Abraham of Angamaly
3243:Syro-Malabar Church
3019:Syriac Christianity
2440:Conrad, Lawrence I.
2392:Brock, Sebastian P.
1630:Makhtbhanuth Zabhne
1596:and especially the
1256:Western Syriac Rite
1040:Links and resources
962:Catholicos of India
802:Cyril of Alexandria
453:Autonomous churches
441:Malabar Independent
224:Gregorius bar Souma
214:Ignatius Sleeba III
3760:Syrian archbishops
3514:Bohtan Neo-Aramaic
3453:Abraham Koorilos I
3383:Severus of Antioch
3316:Eastern Protestant
3175:Eastern Protestant
3103:"Nestorian Church"
3097:Church of the East
2533:Hambye, Édouard R.
2451:Parole de l'Orient
2380:Parole de l'Orient
2251:, p. 359-372.
2239:, p. 157–170.
2227:, p. 345-360.
2215:, p. 145-158.
2140:. Oxford: R. Davis
2123:, p. 324-325.
2111:, p. 328-341.
2042:, p. 319-378.
1944:, p. 265–281.
1917:, p. 588-609.
1869:E. A. Wallis Budge
1853:Kethabha dhe-Zalge
1757:Kethabha dhe-Yauna
1737:Kethabha dhe-Zalge
1706:Chronicon Syriacum
1676:Church of the East
1661:E. A. Wallis Budge
1653:Chronicon Syriacum
1649:Chronicon Syriacum
1540:Teghrath Teghratha
1493:
1412:Ignatius III David
1315:, Abulpharagius).
1193:Christian theology
1146:ܓܪܝܓܘܪܝܘܣ ܒܪ ܥܒܪܝܐ
987:Coptic monasticism
902:Michael the Syrian
877:Abraham of Farshut
872:Severus of Antioch
349:Oriental Orthodoxy
141:Christian theology
117:Western philosophy
113:Christian theology
47:ܓܪܝܓܘܪܝܘܣ ܒܪ ܥܒܪܝܐ
3672:
3671:
3594:Assyrian homeland
3582:Assyrian genocide
3358:Ephrem the Syrian
3346:
3345:
3260:Oriental Orthodox
3199:
3198:
3084:
3083:
3067:Oriental Orthodox
3033:Church of Antioch
2663:978-0-387-31022-0
1788:Syriac literature
1464:Biblioth. Orient.
1436:Ignatius IV Yeshu
1434:, of the East by
1393:County of Tripoli
1391:(actually in the
1197:Syriac literature
1150:ancestral surname
1135:
1134:
1002:Coonan Cross Oath
917:Giyorgis of Segla
842:Ephrem the Syrian
399:Orthodox Tewahedo
333:
332:
16:(Redirected from
3777:
3662:
3661:
3549:Syriac Malayalam
3483:Coorilos Paulose
3408:Isaac the Syrian
3235:Eastern Catholic
3231:
3214:Malankara Church
3123:Eastern Catholic
3119:
3042:Eastern Catholic
3038:
3012:
3005:
2998:
2989:
2940:
2926:
2905:
2892:The Syriac World
2882:
2865:
2842:
2819:
2810:(1–3): 179–189.
2794:
2777:
2744:
2721:
2698:
2685:
2667:
2646:
2625:
2602:
2589:
2572:
2558:
2544:
2528:
2511:
2488:
2471:
2458:
2448:
2435:
2421:
2407:
2387:
2377:
2367:
2343:
2333:
2327:
2326:
2294:
2288:
2282:
2276:
2270:
2264:
2258:
2252:
2246:
2240:
2234:
2228:
2222:
2216:
2210:
2204:
2203:
2199:Book of the Dove
2193:
2187:
2186:, p. 20-22.
2181:
2175:
2174:
2172:
2170:
2156:
2150:
2149:
2147:
2145:
2130:
2124:
2118:
2112:
2106:
2100:
2094:
2088:
2085:
2079:
2073:
2067:
2061:
2055:
2049:
2043:
2037:
2028:
2027:, p. 60–80.
2022:
2016:
2010:
1999:
1993:
1987:
1981:
1972:
1966:
1960:
1954:
1945:
1939:
1933:
1932:, p. 54-56.
1927:
1918:
1912:
1840:Suloqo Hawnonoyo
1796:Metrical Grammar
1733:Menarath Qudhshe
1497:Hewath Hekhmetha
1489:Hewath Hekhmetha
1448:Ilkhanate Persia
1343:Sultanate of Rum
1336:
1328:
1310:
1298:
1292:
1284:
1276:
1268:
1249:
1248:
1233:
1208:Classical Syriac
1147:
1142:Classical Syriac
1127:
1120:
1113:
1099:
1098:
1080:
1079:
1070:
1069:
1060:
1059:
1050:
1049:
1022:Tewahedo fasting
977:Ethiopian titles
892:Gregory of Narek
887:Simon the Tanner
777:St. Thomas Cross
665:West Syriac Rite
650:Alexandrian Rite
546:Constantinople I
517:Tewahedo history
360:
350:
335:
274:Sultanate of Rûm
253:Personal details
129:Syriac Orthodoxy
71:Sultanate of Rûm
62:
60:
37:
21:
3785:
3784:
3780:
3779:
3778:
3776:
3775:
3774:
3740:Burials in Iraq
3675:
3674:
3673:
3668:
3656:
3650:* Defunct with
3642:
3576:Assyrian people
3564:
3497:
3378:Jacob of Serugh
3373:Jacob Baradaeus
3342:
3306:
3285:
3254:
3219:
3217:
3210:
3208:
3195:
3165:
3140:
3106:
3100:
3093:
3080:
3061:
3050:Maronite Church
3030:
3021:
3016:
2948:
2943:
2931:Wright, William
2929:
2923:
2908:
2902:
2885:
2868:
2862:
2845:
2839:
2822:
2797:
2780:
2747:
2741:
2724:
2718:
2701:
2688:
2675:
2664:
2649:
2643:
2628:
2622:
2605:
2592:
2575:
2565:, ed. (1872b).
2561:
2551:, ed. (1872a).
2547:
2531:
2514:
2508:
2491:
2474:
2461:
2446:
2438:
2428:, ed. (1932b).
2424:
2414:, ed. (1932a).
2410:
2400:ARAM Periodical
2390:
2375:
2370:
2356:
2352:
2347:
2346:
2334:
2330:
2303:Aramaic Studies
2296:
2295:
2291:
2283:
2279:
2271:
2267:
2259:
2255:
2247:
2243:
2235:
2231:
2223:
2219:
2211:
2207:
2195:
2194:
2190:
2182:
2178:
2168:
2166:
2158:
2157:
2153:
2143:
2141:
2132:
2131:
2127:
2119:
2115:
2107:
2103:
2097:Wilmshurst 2016
2095:
2091:
2086:
2082:
2074:
2070:
2062:
2058:
2050:
2046:
2038:
2031:
2023:
2019:
2011:
2002:
1994:
1990:
1986:, p. XVII.
1982:
1975:
1967:
1963:
1955:
1948:
1940:
1936:
1928:
1921:
1913:
1906:
1901:
1891:, who hold his
1881:
1871:(London, 1897).
1834:Hewath Hekmetha
1820:
1804:(ārāmāytā) and
1784:Syriac language
1777:
1722:
1626:
1612:, of which the
1560:
1481:
1476:
1353:) the study of
1321:
1220:
1131:
1093:
1088:
1087:
1086:
1041:
1033:
1032:
1031:
1012:Fast of Nineveh
1007:Ethiopian chant
946:
938:
937:
936:
862:Mesrop Mashtots
796:
788:
787:
786:
782:Ethiopian cross
757:
728:
694:
639:
631:
630:
629:
605:
531:
498:
490:
489:
454:
446:
445:
423:
415:
348:
285:
276:
266:
264:
263:
239:
137:
92:
82:
73:
63:
58:
56:
42:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3783:
3781:
3773:
3772:
3767:
3762:
3757:
3752:
3747:
3742:
3737:
3732:
3727:
3722:
3717:
3712:
3707:
3705:Syriac writers
3702:
3697:
3692:
3687:
3677:
3676:
3670:
3669:
3667:
3666:
3654:
3652:schism of 1552
3647:
3644:
3643:
3641:
3640:
3635:
3630:
3629:
3628:
3623:
3613:
3612:
3611:
3606:
3601:
3591:
3586:
3585:
3584:
3572:
3570:
3566:
3565:
3563:
3562:
3556:
3551:
3546:
3541:
3536:
3531:
3526:
3521:
3516:
3511:
3505:
3503:
3499:
3498:
3496:
3495:
3490:
3485:
3480:
3475:
3470:
3465:
3463:Cyril VI Tanas
3460:
3455:
3450:
3445:
3440:
3435:
3430:
3425:
3420:
3415:
3410:
3405:
3403:Thomas of Cana
3400:
3395:
3390:
3385:
3380:
3375:
3370:
3365:
3360:
3354:
3352:
3348:
3347:
3344:
3343:
3341:
3340:
3334:
3328:
3321:
3319:
3308:
3307:
3305:
3304:
3297:
3295:
3287:
3286:
3284:
3283:
3277:
3271:
3264:
3262:
3256:
3255:
3253:
3252:
3246:
3239:
3237:
3228:
3201:
3200:
3197:
3196:
3194:
3193:
3187:
3180:
3178:
3167:
3166:
3164:
3163:
3157:
3150:
3148:
3142:
3141:
3139:
3138:
3127:
3125:
3116:
3086:
3085:
3082:
3081:
3079:
3078:
3071:
3069:
3063:
3062:
3060:
3059:
3053:
3046:
3044:
3035:
3023:
3022:
3017:
3015:
3014:
3007:
3000:
2992:
2986:
2985:
2979:
2971:
2958:
2947:
2946:External links
2944:
2942:
2941:
2927:
2921:
2906:
2900:
2883:
2866:
2860:
2843:
2838:978-9004228542
2837:
2820:
2795:
2778:
2745:
2739:
2722:
2716:
2699:
2686:
2673:
2662:
2647:
2641:
2626:
2620:
2603:
2590:
2588:(1–2): 73–100.
2573:
2559:
2545:
2529:
2512:
2506:
2489:
2472:
2459:
2436:
2422:
2408:
2388:
2368:
2360:, ed. (1890).
2353:
2351:
2348:
2345:
2344:
2336:Holweck, F. G.
2328:
2309:(2): 252–276.
2289:
2277:
2265:
2263:, p. 111.
2253:
2249:Takahashi 2005
2241:
2229:
2217:
2205:
2196:Bar Hebraeus.
2188:
2176:
2151:
2125:
2113:
2101:
2089:
2080:
2068:
2056:
2044:
2029:
2017:
2013:Takahashi 2005
2000:
1998:, p. 589.
1988:
1973:
1971:, p. XVI.
1961:
1946:
1934:
1930:Takahashi 2011
1919:
1903:
1902:
1900:
1897:
1880:
1877:
1873:
1872:
1862:
1859:
1856:
1850:
1847:
1837:
1831:
1819:
1816:
1776:
1773:
1721:
1718:
1714:Edward Pococke
1625:
1622:
1559:
1556:
1480:
1477:
1475:
1472:
1397:Crusader state
1320:
1317:
1224:Christian name
1219:
1216:
1133:
1132:
1130:
1129:
1122:
1115:
1107:
1104:
1103:
1090:
1089:
1085:
1084:
1074:
1064:
1054:
1043:
1042:
1039:
1038:
1035:
1034:
1030:
1029:
1024:
1019:
1017:Coptic fasting
1014:
1009:
1004:
999:
994:
989:
984:
979:
974:
969:
964:
959:
954:
948:
947:
945:Related topics
944:
943:
940:
939:
935:
934:
929:
924:
919:
914:
912:Tekle Haymanot
909:
904:
899:
894:
889:
884:
879:
874:
869:
864:
859:
854:
849:
844:
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814:
809:
804:
798:
797:
794:
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790:
789:
785:
784:
779:
774:
772:Armenian Cross
769:
763:
762:
761:
756:
755:
750:
748:Armenian Bible
745:
740:
734:
733:
732:
727:
726:
721:
716:
711:
706:
700:
699:
698:
693:
692:
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685:Malankara Rite
682:
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530:
529:
524:
522:Syriac history
519:
514:
512:Coptic history
508:
507:
506:
499:
496:
495:
492:
491:
488:
487:
478:
472:Constantinople
465:
455:
452:
451:
448:
447:
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443:
434:
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421:
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417:
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344:
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331:
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138:
136:Main interests
135:
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83:
79:
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40:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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3758:
3756:
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3731:
3728:
3726:
3723:
3721:
3718:
3716:
3713:
3711:
3708:
3706:
3703:
3701:
3698:
3696:
3693:
3691:
3688:
3686:
3683:
3682:
3680:
3665:
3660:
3655:
3653:
3649:
3648:
3645:
3639:
3636:
3634:
3631:
3627:
3626:Phoenicianism
3624:
3622:
3619:
3618:
3617:
3614:
3610:
3607:
3605:
3602:
3600:
3597:
3596:
3595:
3592:
3590:
3587:
3583:
3580:
3579:
3577:
3574:
3573:
3571:
3567:
3560:
3557:
3555:
3552:
3550:
3547:
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3535:
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3530:
3527:
3525:
3522:
3520:
3517:
3515:
3512:
3510:
3507:
3506:
3504:
3500:
3494:
3491:
3489:
3486:
3484:
3481:
3479:
3476:
3474:
3471:
3469:
3466:
3464:
3461:
3459:
3456:
3454:
3451:
3449:
3446:
3444:
3441:
3439:
3436:
3434:
3431:
3429:
3426:
3424:
3421:
3419:
3416:
3414:
3411:
3409:
3406:
3404:
3401:
3399:
3396:
3394:
3391:
3389:
3386:
3384:
3381:
3379:
3376:
3374:
3371:
3369:
3366:
3364:
3361:
3359:
3356:
3355:
3353:
3349:
3338:
3335:
3332:
3329:
3326:
3323:
3322:
3320:
3317:
3313:
3309:
3302:
3299:
3298:
3296:
3293:
3288:
3281:
3278:
3275:
3272:
3269:
3266:
3265:
3263:
3261:
3257:
3250:
3247:
3244:
3241:
3240:
3238:
3236:
3232:
3229:
3227:
3223:
3216:
3215:
3206:
3202:
3191:
3188:
3185:
3182:
3181:
3179:
3176:
3172:
3168:
3161:
3158:
3155:
3152:
3151:
3149:
3147:
3143:
3136:
3132:
3129:
3128:
3126:
3124:
3120:
3117:
3114:
3110:
3104:
3099:
3098:
3091:
3087:
3076:
3073:
3072:
3070:
3068:
3064:
3057:
3054:
3051:
3048:
3047:
3045:
3043:
3039:
3036:
3034:
3028:
3024:
3020:
3013:
3008:
3006:
3001:
2999:
2994:
2993:
2990:
2983:
2980:
2978:
2976:
2972:
2969:
2965:
2964:
2959:
2957:
2955:
2950:
2949:
2945:
2938:
2937:
2932:
2928:
2924:
2922:9781463205355
2918:
2914:
2913:
2907:
2903:
2901:9781138899018
2897:
2893:
2889:
2884:
2880:
2876:
2872:
2867:
2863:
2861:9783447068857
2857:
2853:
2849:
2844:
2840:
2834:
2830:
2826:
2825:"Barhebraeus"
2821:
2817:
2813:
2809:
2805:
2801:
2796:
2792:
2788:
2784:
2779:
2775:
2771:
2767:
2763:
2759:
2755:
2751:
2746:
2742:
2740:9789042907867
2736:
2732:
2728:
2723:
2719:
2717:9789068317923
2713:
2709:
2705:
2700:
2696:
2692:
2687:
2683:
2679:
2674:
2671:
2665:
2659:
2655:
2654:
2648:
2644:
2642:9781593331481
2638:
2634:
2633:
2627:
2623:
2621:9783110667349
2617:
2613:
2609:
2604:
2600:
2596:
2591:
2587:
2583:
2579:
2574:
2570:
2569:
2564:
2560:
2556:
2555:
2550:
2546:
2542:
2538:
2534:
2530:
2526:
2522:
2518:
2513:
2509:
2507:9783110554274
2503:
2499:
2495:
2490:
2486:
2482:
2478:
2473:
2469:
2465:
2460:
2456:
2452:
2445:
2441:
2437:
2433:
2432:
2427:
2423:
2419:
2418:
2413:
2409:
2405:
2401:
2397:
2393:
2389:
2385:
2381:
2374:
2369:
2365:
2364:
2359:
2355:
2354:
2349:
2341:
2337:
2332:
2329:
2324:
2320:
2316:
2312:
2308:
2304:
2300:
2293:
2290:
2286:
2281:
2278:
2274:
2269:
2266:
2262:
2257:
2254:
2250:
2245:
2242:
2238:
2233:
2230:
2226:
2221:
2218:
2214:
2209:
2206:
2202:. Chapter IV.
2201:
2200:
2192:
2189:
2185:
2180:
2177:
2169:September 10,
2164:
2163:
2155:
2152:
2144:September 10,
2139:
2138:
2129:
2126:
2122:
2117:
2114:
2110:
2105:
2102:
2098:
2093:
2090:
2084:
2081:
2077:
2072:
2069:
2065:
2060:
2057:
2053:
2048:
2045:
2041:
2036:
2034:
2030:
2026:
2021:
2018:
2014:
2009:
2007:
2005:
2001:
1997:
1992:
1989:
1985:
1980:
1978:
1974:
1970:
1965:
1962:
1959:, p. XV.
1958:
1953:
1951:
1947:
1943:
1938:
1935:
1931:
1926:
1924:
1920:
1916:
1911:
1909:
1905:
1898:
1896:
1894:
1890:
1886:
1878:
1876:
1870:
1866:
1863:
1860:
1858:ethical works
1857:
1854:
1851:
1848:
1846:(Paris, 1899)
1845:
1841:
1838:
1835:
1832:
1829:
1826:
1825:
1824:
1817:
1815:
1813:
1812:Paulin Martin
1809:
1808:
1803:
1802:
1797:
1793:
1789:
1785:
1781:
1774:
1772:
1770:
1766:
1762:
1758:
1754:
1750:
1746:
1742:
1738:
1734:
1729:
1727:
1719:
1717:
1715:
1711:
1707:
1702:
1700:
1696:
1692:
1688:
1685:
1681:
1677:
1673:
1669:
1664:
1662:
1658:
1654:
1650:
1645:
1643:
1639:
1635:
1631:
1623:
1621:
1619:
1618:Greek Fathers
1615:
1611:
1607:
1606:
1601:
1600:
1595:
1591:
1587:
1583:
1579:
1575:
1574:
1569:
1565:
1557:
1555:
1553:
1549:
1545:
1541:
1537:
1533:
1529:
1525:
1521:
1517:
1512:
1510:
1506:
1502:
1498:
1490:
1485:
1478:
1473:
1471:
1469:
1465:
1461:
1457:
1453:
1449:
1445:
1441:
1437:
1433:
1429:
1425:
1421:
1417:
1413:
1410:
1406:
1402:
1398:
1394:
1390:
1386:
1381:
1379:
1375:
1371:
1367:
1363:
1358:
1356:
1352:
1348:
1344:
1340:
1332:
1327:
1318:
1316:
1314:
1306:
1302:
1297:
1288:
1280:
1272:
1267:
1262:
1257:
1253:
1243:
1240:
1236:
1229:
1225:
1217:
1215:
1213:
1209:
1205:
1200:
1198:
1194:
1190:
1186:
1182:
1178:
1174:
1173:Abulpharagius
1170:
1166:
1163:
1159:
1155:
1151:
1143:
1139:
1128:
1123:
1121:
1116:
1114:
1109:
1108:
1106:
1105:
1102:
1097:
1092:
1091:
1083:
1075:
1073:
1065:
1063:
1055:
1053:
1045:
1044:
1037:
1036:
1028:
1025:
1023:
1020:
1018:
1015:
1013:
1010:
1008:
1005:
1003:
1000:
998:
995:
993:
992:Coptic saints
990:
988:
985:
983:
980:
978:
975:
973:
970:
968:
965:
963:
960:
958:
955:
953:
950:
949:
942:
941:
933:
930:
928:
925:
923:
920:
918:
915:
913:
910:
908:
905:
903:
900:
898:
895:
893:
890:
888:
885:
883:
880:
878:
875:
873:
870:
868:
865:
863:
860:
858:
855:
853:
850:
848:
847:Ezana of Axum
845:
843:
840:
838:
835:
833:
830:
828:
827:Tiridates III
825:
823:
820:
818:
815:
813:
810:
808:
805:
803:
800:
799:
795:Major figures
792:
791:
783:
780:
778:
775:
773:
770:
768:
765:
764:
759:
758:
754:
751:
749:
746:
744:
741:
739:
736:
735:
730:
729:
725:
722:
720:
717:
715:
712:
710:
707:
705:
702:
701:
696:
695:
691:
688:
686:
683:
681:
678:
676:
673:
671:
668:
666:
663:
661:
660:Armenian Rite
658:
656:
653:
651:
648:
647:
642:
641:
635:
634:
626:
623:
621:
618:
616:
613:
612:
607:
606:
602:
599:
597:
594:
592:
589:
587:
584:
582:
579:
577:
574:
572:
569:
567:
564:
562:
559:
557:
554:
552:
549:
547:
544:
542:
539:
538:
533:
532:
528:
525:
523:
520:
518:
515:
513:
510:
509:
504:
501:
500:
494:
493:
486:
482:
479:
477:
473:
469:
466:
464:
460:
457:
456:
450:
449:
442:
438:
435:
433:
429:
426:
425:
419:
418:
410:
407:
405:
402:
401:
400:
397:
395:
392:
390:
387:
385:
382:
380:
377:
375:
372:
371:
369:
368:
363:
359:
355:
354:
351:
345:
341:
337:
336:
328:
325:
322:
318:
315:
312:
308:
304:
300:
295:
292:
288:
283:
279:
275:
271:
260:
256:
251:
247:
243:
237:
233:
228:
225:
222:
218:
215:
212:
208:
204:
197:
194:
190:
187:
184:
180:
177:
173:
169:
165:
161:
158:
154:
150:
146:
142:
139:
133:
130:
127:
125:
121:
118:
114:
111:
107:
103:
99:
95:
91:
87:
80:
76:
72:
68:
54:
50:
45:
38:
33:
32:Ibn al-Ṭayyib
19:
3561:(Liturgical)
3468:Elias Mellus
3428:Bar Hebraeus
3427:
3388:Paul the Jew
3212:
3102:
3095:
3029:, legacy of
2974:
2961:
2953:
2935:
2911:
2891:
2878:
2874:
2851:
2828:
2807:
2803:
2790:
2786:
2760:(1): 21–43.
2757:
2753:
2730:
2707:
2694:
2681:
2652:
2631:
2611:
2598:
2585:
2581:
2567:
2553:
2540:
2524:
2520:
2497:
2484:
2480:
2467:
2454:
2450:
2430:
2416:
2403:
2399:
2383:
2379:
2362:
2358:Bedjan, Paul
2339:
2331:
2306:
2302:
2292:
2285:Martin 1872b
2280:
2273:Martin 1872a
2268:
2256:
2244:
2232:
2220:
2208:
2198:
2191:
2179:
2167:. Retrieved
2161:
2154:
2142:. Retrieved
2135:
2128:
2116:
2104:
2092:
2083:
2071:
2059:
2047:
2020:
1991:
1964:
1937:
1895:on July 30.
1882:
1874:
1864:
1852:
1839:
1833:
1827:
1821:
1805:
1799:
1795:
1791:
1778:
1760:
1756:
1752:
1736:
1732:
1730:
1723:
1709:
1705:
1703:
1690:
1667:
1665:
1652:
1648:
1646:
1633:
1629:
1627:
1614:Syro-Hexapla
1613:
1603:
1599:Syro-Hexapla
1597:
1571:
1563:
1561:
1543:
1539:
1515:
1513:
1508:
1496:
1494:
1488:
1463:
1431:
1382:
1359:
1350:
1322:
1251:
1241:
1234:
1221:
1201:
1172:
1164:
1157:
1153:
1137:
1136:
907:Bar Hebraeus
906:
767:Coptic cross
743:Coptic Bible
615:Miaphysitism
591:Capharthutha
310:Venerated in
284:30 July 1286
235:Consecration
104:Medieval era
3730:1286 deaths
3725:1226 births
3715:Chroniclers
3488:Thoma Darmo
3351:Key figures
3290:Nestorian (
3092:, legacy of
3090:East Syriac
3027:West Syriac
2881:(1): 60–80.
2670:PDF version
2406:(1): 11–23.
2261:Farina 2015
2237:Farina 2017
2225:Farina 2016
2121:Conrad 1994
2109:Conrad 1994
2076:Budge 1932b
2064:Budge 1932a
2052:Bedjan 1890
2040:Conrad 1994
1984:Budge 1932a
1969:Budge 1932a
1957:Budge 1932a
1942:Wright 1894
1818:Other works
1720:Theological
1693:is that of
1657:Paul Bedjan
1655:is that of
1594:Philoxenian
1552:metaphysics
1505:Margoliouth
1242:Bar ʿEvrāyā
1165:Abu'l-Faraj
1082:WikiProject
922:Mar Thoma I
690:Holy Qurobo
561:Ephesus III
210:Predecessor
149:metaphysics
65:Ebro, near
3710:Syriacists
3679:Categories
3413:John Maron
3312:Protestant
3171:Protestant
2527:: 205–268.
2487:: 345–360.
2457:: 319–378.
2386:: 145–158.
2213:Bohas 2008
2184:Teule 1999
1996:Teule 2012
1915:Teule 2012
1899:References
1879:Veneration
1780:Linguistic
1775:Linguistic
1769:Angelo Mai
1726:Miaphysite
1624:Historical
1586:Theodotion
1578:Septuagint
1564:Awsar Raze
1524:dialectics
1283:ابن العبري
1252:Bar Ebroyo
1183:(regional
1177:Latin West
1167:, and his
957:Catholicos
852:Frumentius
697:Calendars:
596:Shirakavan
556:Ephesus II
3690:Maphrians
3502:Languages
3368:Nestorius
3209:legacy of
3146:Nestorian
2774:212688549
2582:Le Muséon
2323:1745-5227
2025:Todt 1988
1893:feast day
1814:in 1872.
1765:Nomocanon
1687:Maphrians
1680:Nestorian
1634:Chronicon
1582:Symmachus
1491:from 1340
1389:Phoenicia
1301:honorific
1235:Grigorios
1232:ܓܪܝܓܘܪܝܘܣ
1226:Gregory (
1187:) of the
1169:Latinized
1158:Barebroyo
1154:Barebraya
1072:Templates
897:Nerses IV
832:Mar Awgin
807:Mor Addai
724:Gregorian
714:Ethiopian
608:Theology:
586:Manzikert
551:Ephesus I
476:Jerusalem
404:Ethiopian
302:Feast day
297:Sainthood
220:Successor
205:1266–1286
202:In office
3621:Arameans
3578:/Syriac
3569:See also
3529:Hertevin
3524:Garshuni
3363:Aphrahat
2933:(1894).
2793:: 61–81.
2535:(1990).
2521:The Harp
2442:(1994).
2394:(1989).
1695:Abbeloos
1684:Jacobite
1638:Creation
1573:Peshitta
1558:Biblical
1528:Florence
1501:Avicenna
1468:maphrian
1444:Maragheh
1432:maphrian
1401:rhetoric
1355:medicine
1247:ܒܪ ܥܒܪܝܐ
1239:nickname
1181:Maphrian
1179:, was a
1052:Category
972:Maphrian
857:Shenoute
738:Peshitta
704:Armenian
576:Dvin III
541:Nicaea I
468:Armenian
409:Eritrean
384:Armenian
340:a series
338:Part of
270:Melitene
248:Maphrian
172:Maphrian
153:medicine
3448:Thoma I
2350:Sources
1887:by the
1801:Aramaic
1605:Hexapla
1548:physics
1454:, near
1428:primate
1424:Laqabin
1407:by the
1385:Tripoli
1366:Antioch
1339:Malatya
1296:Yōḥanan
1261:Malatya
1254:in the
1185:primate
1175:in the
997:Debtera
812:Abgar V
601:Hromkla
581:Dvin IV
571:Dvin II
432:British
394:Cilicia
320:Shrines
305:30 July
174:of the
157:history
67:Malatya
57: (
3559:Syriac
3554:Turoyo
3544:Senaya
3539:Mlaḥsô
3339:(2017)
3333:(1961)
3327:(1852)
3303:(1701)
3282:(1772)
3276:(1912)
3270:(1665)
3222:Kerala
3192:(1940)
3186:(1870)
3162:(1968)
3156:(1552)
3058:(1662)
2919:
2898:
2858:
2835:
2772:
2737:
2714:
2660:
2639:
2618:
2504:
2321:
1844:F. Nau
1807:Syriac
1745:Berlin
1678:, the
1610:Origen
1590:Aquila
1536:London
1532:Oxford
1416:Aleppo
1378:hermit
1347:Elazığ
1331:Arabic
1305:Syriac
1287:Syriac
1279:Arabic
1271:Arabic
1228:Syriac
1212:Arabic
1027:Timkat
760:Cross:
731:Bible:
719:Julian
709:Coptic
566:Dvin I
481:Syriac
459:Coptic
437:Syriac
428:Coptic
389:Indian
379:Syriac
374:Coptic
291:Persia
287:Maraga
230:Orders
182:Church
124:School
109:Region
90:Persia
86:Maraga
3393:Maron
3226:India
3101:(the
3077:(512)
3052:(685)
2770:S2CID
2447:(PDF)
2376:(PDF)
1885:saint
1861:poems
1741:Paris
1672:Aaron
1568:Bible
1520:logic
1507:, in
1474:Works
1456:Mosul
1430:, or
1405:Gubos
1368:(see
1313:Latin
1303:Mār (
1291:ܝܘܚܢܢ
1204:Syria
1171:name
1162:kunya
1062:Media
952:Abuna
882:Yared
268:near
196:Syria
145:logic
3211:the
3135:1552
3113:1552
3094:the
3031:the
2968:here
2963:Lamy
2917:ISBN
2896:ISBN
2856:ISBN
2833:ISBN
2735:ISBN
2712:ISBN
2658:ISBN
2637:ISBN
2616:ISBN
2502:ISBN
2319:ISSN
2171:2018
2146:2018
1786:and
1749:Rome
1699:Lamy
1697:and
1550:and
1522:and
1514:The
1440:1264
1395:, a
1372:and
1319:Life
1218:Name
281:Died
265:1226
258:Born
245:Rank
238:1266
78:Died
59:1226
55:1226
52:Born
3220:in
3109:410
2812:doi
2762:doi
2586:131
2311:doi
1608:of
1438:in
1422:of
1420:see
1387:in
1309:ܡܪܝ
1156:or
1152:as
192:See
147:,
101:Era
84:at
3681::
3224:,
2890:.
2879:65
2877:.
2873:.
2850:.
2827:.
2808:89
2806:.
2802:.
2789:.
2785:.
2768:.
2756:.
2752:.
2729:.
2706:.
2693:.
2680:.
2610:.
2597:.
2584:.
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