115:
953:
104:
84:
1389:
1786:
230:
95:
1359:
4044:Парламент Чеченской Республики. Закон №12-РЗ от 20 февраля 2009 г. «Об образовании муниципального образования Грозненский район и муниципальных образований, входящих в его состав, установлении их границ и наделении их соответствующим статусом муниципального района и сельского поселения», в ред. Закона №21-РЗ от 28 июня 2010 г «О внесении изменений в некоторые законодательные акты Чеченской Республики». Вступил в силу по истечении 10 дней после официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Вести Республики", №33 (965), 25 февраля 2009 г.
197:
1341:
the village of Alkhan-Kala and concentrated most firepower on that point. As a result, both the city mayor and military commander were killed; a number of other prominent separatist leaders were also killed or wounded. Afterwards, the
Russians slowly entered the empty city and on 6 February raised the Russian flag in the centre. Many buildings and even whole areas of the city were systematically destroyed. A month later, it was declared safe to allow the residents to return to their homes, although demolition continued for some time. In 2003, the
168:
263:
525:
1375:
158:
4319:
124:
4028:Парламент Чеченской Республики. Закон №44-РЗ от 14 июля 2008 г. «Об образовании муниципального образования город Грозный, установлении его границы и наделении его статусом городского округа», в ред. Закона №21-РЗ от 28 июня 2010 г «О внесении изменений в некоторые законодательные акты Чеченской Республики». Вступил в силу по истечении 10 дней после официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Вести Республики", №162 (844), 26 августа 2008 г.
4216:
4085:
1669:
2593:
1832:
2632:
2606:
2619:
2580:
2510:
1175:, who argue that Russian emigration from the area was no more intense than in other regions of Russia at the time. According to this view of the ethnic situation in Ichkeria, the primary cause of Russian emigration was the extensive bombing of Grozny (where four out of five, or nearly 200,000 Russians in Chechnya lived before the war) by the Russian military during the First Chechen War.
1737:
1064:, based on census data from the period estimate a death toll of about 170,000–200,000 among Chechens alone, thus ranging from over a third of the total Chechen population that was deported to nearly half dying during those four years (rates for other groups for those four years hover around 20%). All traces of them in the city, including books and graveyards, were destroyed by the
2651:
1198:(both of which Moscow was involved with), when Russia encouraged armed opposition, and occasionally assisted. In August 1994 Avturkhanov attacked Grozny, but was repelled first by Chechen citizens who were then joined by Grozny government troops; Russian helicopters covered his retreat. On 28 September, one of these helicopters was shot down and its Russian pilot was held as a
1104:
1657:
1777:, little of the infrastructure of either system was left. The Ministry of Transport of the Chechen Republic, created in 2002, decided not to rebuild the tram system (considered too expensive and no longer meeting the city's needs, as it had by then lost half of its population). Rebuilding of the trolleybus system, however, is still under consideration.
1112:
positions. Russians (as well as
Ukrainians and Armenians) worked in education, health, oil, machinery, and social services. Non-Russians (excluding Ukrainians and Armenians) worked in agriculture, construction, a long host of undesirable jobs, as well as the so-called "informal sector" (i.e. illegal, due to the mass discrimination in the legal sector).
114:
270:
237:
204:
1052:. Large numbers of people who were not deemed fit for transport were "liquidated" on the spot, and the adverse situation with transport and the stay in Siberia caused many deaths as well. According to internal NKVD data, a total of 144,704 died in 1944–1948 alone (death rate of 23.5% per all groups). Authors such as
4012:Референдум. 23 марта 2003 г. «Конституция Чеченской Республики», в ред. Конституционного закона №1-РКЗ от 30 сентября 2014 г. «О внесении изменений в Конституцию Чеченской Республики». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования по результатам голосования на референдуме Чеченской Республики.
1340:
The final seizure of the city was set in early
February 2000, when the Russian military lured the besieged militants to a promised safe passage. Seeing no build-up of forces outside, the militants agreed. One day prior to the planned evacuation, the Russian Army mined the path between the city and
1413:
Although most of the city's infrastructure was destroyed during the war, the city's sewage, water, electricity and heating systems have since been repaired, along with 250 kilometers (160 mi) of roads, 13 bridges and some 900 shops. Before the war, Grozny had about 79,000 apartments, and the
1286:
units operating from nearby mountains managed to harass and demoralize the
Russian Army by means of guerilla tactics and raids, such as the attack on Grozny in March 1996, which added to political and public pressure for a withdrawal of Russian troops. In August 1996, a raiding force of 1,500 to
1761:
both transport services stopped operation in
November 1994. During the destructive battles, the tram tracks were blocked or damaged, and cars and buses were turned into barricades. The trolleybus system was luckier, as most of its equipment, including the depot, survived the war. In 1996 it was
1756:
trams that it received in the late 1980s, and two depots. The Grozny trolleybus system began operation on 31 December 1975, and by 1990 was approximately 60-kilometer (37 mi) long, with 58 buses and one depot. Both types of transport came under difficult pressure in the early 1990s, with
1111:
According to sociologist Georgy
Derluguyan, the Checheno-Ingush Republic's economy was divided into two spheres – much like French settler-ruled Algeria – and the Russian sphere had all the jobs with higher salaries, while non-Russians were systematically kept out of all government
1087:
for thirteen years, would cause massive disruptions to the social, economic and political systems of what had been a
Russian city for the period until their return. This caused a self-feeding cycle of ethnic conflict between the two groups, both believing the other's presence in the city was
810:. As the fort was being built, the workers were fired upon by the Chechens. The Russians found a solution by strategically positioning a cannon outside the city walls. When night fell and the Chechens came out of their hiding places to drag the gun away, all the other guns opened up with
1336:
and injuring hundreds. During the massive shelling of the city that followed, most of the
Russian artillery were directed toward the upper floors of the buildings; although this caused massive destruction of infrastructure, civilian casualties were much less than in the first battles.
3996:Президент Чеченской Республики. Указ №500 от 30 ноября 2005 г. «Об утверждении перечня субъектов административно-территориального устройства Чеченской Республики». Вступил в силу 30 ноября 2005 г.. Опубликован: База данных "Консультант-плюс".
1401:
The federal government representatives of
Chechnya are based in Grozny. Since 2003, the city has been rebuilt from scratch. Out of several dozens of industrial enterprises, three have been partially rebuilt – the Grozny Machine-Building Factory, the
3147:Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек
814:. When the Chechens recovered their senses and began to carry away the bodies, the guns fired again. When it was over, 200 dead were counted. Thus did the "fearsome" fort receive its baptism of fire. It was a prominent defense centre during the
3174:[All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers].
539:
364000, 364001, 364006, 364008, 364011, 364013–364018, 364020–364022, 364024, 364028–364031, 364034, 364035, 364037, 364038, 364040, 364042, 364043, 364046, 364047, 364049, 364051, 364052, 364058, 364060–364063, 364066, 364068, 364700,
1185:
876:
companies played an important role in the oil industry from 1893 onward. Alfred Stuart, an
English engineer, completed the first well in Grozny by drilling in 1893 the largest oil field in the Caucasus region outside the
1123:
buildings being constructed in Grozny. Later projects included the high-rise apartment blocks prominent in many Soviet cities, as well as a city airport. In 1989, the population of the city was almost 400,000 people.
1178:
The covert Russian attempts of overthrowing Dudayev by means of armed Chechen opposition forces resulted in repeated failed assaults on the city. Originally, Moscow had been backing the political opposition of
952:
103:
1083:, and the city at the time was again wholly Russian. In 1957, the Chechen-Ingush ASSR was restored, and the Chechens were allowed to return. The return of the Chechens to Grozny, which had been lacking of
4049:
On Establishing the Municipal Formation of Groznensky District and the Municipal Formations Comprising It, on Establishing Their Borders, and on Granting Them the Status of a Municipal District and Rural
83:
1766:
Trolleybus Company, who repaired some of the lines, with services planned to restart in 1997. However, after specialists left, most of the equipment was stolen. The surviving buses were transported to
3171:Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров
889:, and in 1893 became part of the Transcaucasia–Russia-proper railway. The result was the population almost doubled from 15,600 in 1897 to 30,400 in 1913. In early 1914, the then largest oil company,
1388:
4575:
1029:
from his generals who had repeatedly prioritized the two major cities over the oil supplies – against Hitler's express orders. Soviet doctrine however never failed to prioritize the food of
3150:[Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000]
229:
929:
escalated, the Proletariat formed the 12th Red Army, and the garrison held out against numerous attacks by Terek Cossacks from 11 August to 12 November 1918. However, with the arrival of
1251:, Grozny was the site of an intense battle lasting from December 1994 to February 1995 and ultimately ending with the capture of the city by the Russian military. Intense fighting and
1757:
frequent theft of equipment, staff not being properly paid and resultant strikes. A major planned trolleybus route extension to the airport was cancelled. With the outbreak of the
1785:
4396:
976:
descent. As Cossacks were viewed as a potential threat to the Soviet nation, Moscow actively encouraged the migration of Chechens into the city from the mountains. In 1934 the
3951:
3796:
5409:
5376:
4568:
3689:
3067:"Численность постоянного населения Российской Федерации по муниципальным образованиям на 1 января 2023 года (с учётом итогов Всероссийской переписи населения 2020 г.)"
1609:
1119:
of architecture was prevalent during this period, with apartments in the centre as well as administrative buildings including the massive Council of Ministers and the
1190:"peacefully" (i.e. without supplying the opposition with weapons and encouraging them to try a coup). However, this changed in 1994, after the coups in neighbouring
3730:
2563:
751:, the first president of the republic, killed by the Russian armed forces. In December 2005, the Chechen parliament voted to rename the city "Akhmad-Kala" (after
7089:
5446:
4561:
1299:
and Grozny was once again in the hands of Chechen separatists. The name was changed to Djohar in 1997 by the President of the separatist Ichkeria republic,
7044:
4173:
1448:
3844:
1321:, which further caused thousands of fatalities. During the early phase of the Russian siege on Grozny on 25 October 1999, Russian forces launched five
7034:
3141:
3127:
7069:
4389:
3987:
1752:
On 5 November 1932, the Grozny tram system was opened to the public, and by 1990 it was 85-kilometer (53 mi) long, with 107 new Russian-built
1447:
was formally opened to the public on 16 October 2008, and is one of the largest mosques in Europe. In 2009, the city of Grozny was honoured by the
4596:
56:
196:
1707:
and although nearly all the town was destroyed or seriously damaged during the Chechen Wars, it has since been entirely rebuilt. It is home to
885:
and petrochemical production. In addition to the oil drilled in the city itself, the city became a geographical centre of Russia's network of
3500:
3306:
1720:
3324:
4205:
4182:
1605:
440:
4033:
On Establishing the Municipal Formation of the City of Grozny, on Establishing Its Border, and on Granting It the Status of an Urban Okrug
4382:
3793:
2908:
1716:
1851:
in 2007, Akhmat Grozny finished 10th in the Russian Premier League in 2008. The team still plays in the top tier. The club is owned by
4023:. Effective as of the day of the official publication in accordance with the results of the referendum of the Chechen Republic.).
3554:
262:
3007:
167:
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1414:
city authorities expected to be able to restore about 45,000 apartments; the rest were in buildings that were completely destroyed.
94:
1312:
4121:
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298:
4111:
2808:
1903:
1222:
1203:
977:
3826:
7038:
5097:
1840:
1333:
1238:
6693:
4166:
3932:
2531:
1242:
1229:'s decision to openly intervene. In the meantime, Grozny airport and other targets were bombed by unmarked Russian aircraft.
3460:
4215:
3670:. Monterey, California: Naval Postgraduate School;Springfield, Va.: Available from National Technical Information Service.
3178:(in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики . 1989 – via
843:
1645:
5155:
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3908:
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Russ, Alex; Krasny, Marianne E. (1 June 2017), Russ, Alex; Krasny, Marianne E; Russ, Alex; Krasny, Marianne E (eds.),
2659:
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546:
1637:
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3,000 militants recaptured the city in a surprise attack. They surrounded and routed its entire garrison of 10,000
807:
340:
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1633:
157:
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4303:
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1899:
1616:, the city of republic significance of Grozny is incorporated as Grozny Urban Okrug. The city also serves as the
965:
1886:. The city is located in a valley approximately 80 kilometres (50 miles) north of the main range of the Greater
1057:
6281:
3703:
1708:
946:
3117:
1909:) with hot summers and cold winters. Precipitation peaks during early summer, where sunshine hours also peak.
3841:
4358:
4338:
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4005:
On Adopting the List of the Entities Within the Administrative-Territorial Structure of the Chechen Republic
3812:
3437:
2527:
1715:, which after a fifteen-year absence from its home town returned to Grozny in March 2008. Also in Grozny is
1424:
was reopened in 2007 with three weekly flights to Moscow. In 2009 the IAC gave Grozny's Severny airport the
838:
and other famous figures of Russian culture visited the fortress. After the annexation of the region by the
31:
6856:
6766:
6332:
4253:
4238:
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1613:
1601:
1116:
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533:
474:
426:
3985:(Council of Deputies of the City of Grozny. Decision #02 of March 27, 2013
1033:
nor the oil of the Caucasus, which resulted in drastic action after Germany's expulsion/retreat in 1943.
7079:
2803:
1617:
1444:
1425:
1207:
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was the team manager from the beginning of the season 2011, but was later sacked by the club in June.
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1115:
At the same time a great deal of development occurred in the city. Like many other Soviet cities, the
6707:
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https://web.archive.org/web/20180726010024/http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/doc_2018/bul_dr/mun_obr2018.rar
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1006:
933:'s armies, the Bolsheviks were forced to withdraw and Grozny was captured on 4 February 1919, by the
823:
384:
1267:, many of whom were reportedly ethnic Russians; unclaimed bodies were later collected and buried in
1009:, as that city could have served as a base from which to take Grozny or cut off oil supplies up the
949:, which was formed on 20 January 1921, and was the capital of the Chechen National Okrug inside it.
868:, took part in the development of the oil industry of the city of Grozny, as well as members of the
6967:
6362:
6004:
5671:
5175:
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4243:
4047:(Parliament of the Chechen Republic. Law #12-RZ of February 20, 2009
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981:
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The failure to take Grozny was a major defeat for Germany and was a factor in holding fast at the
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3321:
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1364:
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918:
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655:
1144:. According to some, many of the remaining Russian and other non-Chechen residents fled or were
524:
4031:(Parliament of the Chechen Republic. Law #44-RZ of July 14, 2008
881:
district. Eleven firms drilled 116 wells before 1900. This encouraged the rapid development of
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3544:
3322:"The Soviet War against 'Fifth Columnists': The Case of Chechnya, 1942–1944" by Jeffrey Burds
2912:
1816:. To drive the automobiles, the user has to book them through the app of the owning company.
1017:. The failure to prioritize Grozny, even transferring critical Panzer divisions north to the
937:. Underground operations were carried out, but only the arrival of the Caucasus front of the
140:
at night, Vaynakh School of Dance, National Museum of the Chechen Republic, The Courtyard of
6846:
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4268:
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1844:
1712:
1161:
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902:
894:
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681:
676:, "Grozny" means "fearsome", "menacing", or "redoubtable", the same word as in Ivan Grozny (
673:
611:
606:
594:
4056:. Effective as of after 10 days from the official publication date have passed.).
4039:. Effective as of after 10 days from the official publication date have passed.).
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called Grozny the most destroyed city on Earth, with not a single building left undamaged.
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1432:. On 16 November 2009, the airport had its first international flight, taking pilgrims on
1300:
1199:
5344:
3298:
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30 December 1869] it was granted town status and renamed Grozny, as the word town, "
4084:
4019:, as amended by the Constitutional Law #1-RKZ of September 30, 2014
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4720:
4333:
4151:
3704:"Programmes | From Our Own Correspondent | Scars remain amid Chechen revival"
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3978:Совет депутатов города Грозного. Решение №02 от 27 марта 2013 г. «
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illegitimate. Once again migration of non-Russians into Grozny continued whilst the
802:", is feminine in Russian) was founded in 1818 as a Russian military outpost on the
6502:
6352:
6188:
5901:
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Chechnya: European Parliament recognizes the genocide of the Chechen People in 1944
3145:
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1022:
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3521:. The State Enterprise - The State Road Transport Research Institute - SE SRTRI.
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3037:
842:, the military use of the old fortress was obsolete and on 11 January 1870 [
6402:
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968:(Chechen AO) with Grozny as the administrative centre. At this time most of the
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137:
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3991:, as amended by the Decision #54 of September 26, 2013. ).
3988:
Charter of the Municipal Formation of the "Urban Okrug of "the City of Grozny"
2592:
1437:
1260:
1195:
1153:
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1037:
969:
934:
922:
4088:
3979:
3675:
3578:"Русская линия / Библиотека периодической печати: Судьба русских из Грозного"
3243:
1608:
of Grozny – an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the
1451:
for transforming the war-scarred city and providing new homes for thousands.
1160:
from the new authorities. These events are perceived by some as an act of an
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This view is disputed by authors, such as Russian economists Boris Lvin and
1149:
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3294:
The Oil and the Glory: The Pursuit of Empire and Fortune on the Caspian Sea
2887:
1632:
For administrative purposes, the city is divided into four city districts:
1103:
1092:
Russian population, in turn, moved to other parts of the USSR, notably the
960:
On 30 November 1922, the mountain republic was dissolved, and the national
3952:"Rada Warszawy: najważniejszym zadaniem jest stworzyć uchodźcom drugi dom"
3092:"Chechen table of correspondence Cyrillic-Roman (BGN/PCGN 2008 Agreement)"
1656:
1317:
Grozny was once again the epicentre of fighting after the outbreak of the
6997:
6916:
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3731:"Seven years after the end of the war, is it safe to travel in Chechnya?"
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3516:
1823:
provided the city with 120 electric scooters and some scooter stations.
1812:
company officially provided the capital of the Chechen Republic with 30
650:, it had a population of 328,533 — up from 210,720 recorded in the
6937:
6866:
6721:
6667:
6637:
6472:
6462:
6442:
6248:
6158:
6048:
5974:
5964:
5791:
5771:
5721:
5609:
5559:
5549:
5519:
5367:
5274:
5137:
5127:
5048:
4998:
4982:
4935:
4927:
4823:
4543:
4526:
4494:
4484:
4454:
3526:
2636:
2605:
2584:
2534: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1763:
1417:
1030:
930:
17:
2658:, Poland (since 1997 until 2022, status terminated as a result of the
1770:
where they were repaired and used on the new trolleybus system there.
1744:
The first train pulled into the Grozny Railway station on 1 May 1893.
6957:
6947:
6816:
6806:
6786:
6647:
6582:
6562:
6512:
6492:
6432:
6291:
6178:
6148:
6128:
6028:
5994:
5761:
5701:
5599:
5539:
5509:
5499:
5354:
5107:
5006:
4990:
4974:
4943:
4903:
4855:
4815:
4808:
4792:
4776:
4760:
4736:
4672:
4648:
4640:
4632:
4479:
4439:
4424:
4413:
3665:
2655:
2650:
2618:
2610:
2579:
1329:
1107:
Soviet-era postage stamp with a view of Grozny's Avgustovskaya Street
1089:
988:
636:
515:
333:
4052:, as amended by the Law #21-RZ of June 28, 2010
4035:, as amended by the Law #21-RZ of June 28, 2010
3577:
2857:. Moscow: Большая Российская Энциклопедия. 2003. pp. 111–112.
1916:
Climate data for Grozny (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1938–present)
6738:
6657:
6608:
6542:
6372:
6342:
6108:
6098:
6088:
6038:
5741:
5731:
5589:
5429:
5396:
4951:
4911:
4839:
4800:
4469:
4464:
4459:
3475:
2623:
1830:
1784:
1753:
1735:
1655:
1102:
961:
951:
556:
4003:. Decree #500 of November 30, 2005
3980:Устав муниципального образования "городской округ "город Грозный"
3355:
The Truth about the Deportation of the Chechen and Ingush People.
6392:
6198:
5569:
5324:
5294:
4879:
4871:
4831:
4752:
4680:
4656:
3794:
The Glittering New Face Of The Once War-Torn Capital Of Chechnya
3734:
3216:
Putin Considers the Proposal to Rename the City of Grozny Closed
2597:
2489:
1473:
1433:
1303:. By this time most of the remaining Russian minority had fled.
1210:
1065:
878:
852:", is masculine in Russian. As most of the residents there were
4557:
4378:
4155:
3271:. Westport, Connecticut, London: Praeger. 1999. pp. 9–10.
1620:
of Groznensky Municipal District, but not of the corresponding
1225:); their capture was sometimes cited as one of the reasons for
6572:
5825:
4511:
4132:
4103:
2503:
1663:
1288:
1218:
1164:
of non-Chechens, which has been reflected in the materials of
3342:
Russia Confronts Chechnya: The Roots of a Separatist Conflict
4140:
Website created and maintained by former residents of Grozny
4054:
On Amending Various Legislative Acts of the Chechen Republic
4037:
On Amending Several Legislative Acts of the Chechen Republic
3032:Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (
1468:
893:, was established in the city thus making Grozny one of the
4137:
1291:
troops, while fighting off the Russian Army units from the
4061:
Russia's Chechen Wars 1994–2000: Lessons from Urban Combat
3230:
John F. Baddeley, Russian Conquest of the Caucasus, Ch VII
3212:Путин считает закрытой тему переименования города Грозного
759:, the prime minister and later president of the republic.
3297:. United States of America: Random House. 2007. pp.
4095:
3860:
3486:
3484:
941:
in 1920 allowed the city to permanently end up with the
1680:
860:
reserves in the early 20th century. The founder of the
4143:
3122:[2020 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]
2971:
Constitution of the Chechen Republic, Article 59
1166:
General Prosecutor's office of the Russian Federation
755:) – a proposition which was rejected by his son
622:
4021:
On Amending the Constitution of the Chechen Republic
796:– a feminine form of Grozny, as the word fortress, "
579:
6928:
6737:
6692:
6683:
6616:
6607:
6598:
6331:
6280:
5923:
5880:
5857:
5670:
5661:
5488:
5445:
5408:
5375:
5366:
5263:
5256:
5221:
5149:
5096:
5087:
5080:
5017:
4608:
4326:
4221:
574:
566:
555:
545:
532:
509:
492:
481:
472:
458:
447:
433:
424:
416:
411:
403:
395:
390:
380:
372:
367:
359:
351:
339:
329:
68:
63:
44:
1044:after being falsely accused of collaborating with
945:on 17 March. Simultaneously it became part of the
654:, but still less than the 399,688 recorded in the
4546:and internationally recognized as part of Ukraine
3982:», в ред. Решения №54 от 26 сентября 2013 г.
3813:Under the Kremlin's iron hand, Chechnya is reborn
3426:Soviet Transit, Camp, and Deportation Death Rates
3238:
3236:
3119:Всероссийская перепись населения 2020 года. Том 1
991:were the main strategic objectives of the German
901:, the city was the administrative capital of the
4007:. Effective as of November 30, 2005.).
3824:International Certificate goes to Grozny Airport
3615:Carlotta Gall and Thomas de Waal. Pages 197, 227
3549:. University of Pennsylvania Press. p. 64.
3156:Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года
1380:Panoramic view of Grozny from Grozny City Towers
1206:, on 26 November 1994, ended with capture of 21
856:, the town grew slowly until the development of
7033: Also the seat of the European Union, see
3495:. University of Chicago Press. pp. 244–5.
3012:Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации
1847:. After winning promotion by coming 2nd in the
1098:inter-ethnic conflict broke out briefly in 1958
4138:Our Grozny. Photos, memorabilia, recollections
2564:List of twin towns and sister cities in Russia
1275:in Chechnya was located in the area of Grozny
1263:on both sides died in the fighting, alongside
684:is the same, informally the city is known as "
5391:, Flemish Community and French Community
4569:
4390:
4167:
4063:. (Santa Monica CA: RAND Arroyo Center, 2001)
4042:
4026:
4010:
3994:
3976:
3861:"Делимобиль - каршеринг для твоих достижений"
3269:Oil and Geopolitics in the Caspian Sea Region
3176:Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года
872:. In addition to the Nobels and Rothschilds,
847:
797:
784:
707:
697:
691:
685:
659:
8:
3688:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
2492:(sunshine and precipitation days 1961–1990)
1870:motor racing circuit, which opened in 2015.
1459:
1428:after checking and evaluating the airport's
1213:crew members who had secretly been hired as
925:headed by N. Anisimov seized Grozny. As the
5481:, Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina
5424:, Brussels-Capital Region and Flanders
4584:Capitals of European states and territories
1075:Grozny became the administrative centre of
790:
6689:
6613:
6604:
5667:
5372:
5260:
5093:
5084:
4576:
4562:
4554:
4397:
4383:
4375:
4174:
4160:
4152:
3116:Russian Federal State Statistics Service.
1912:
1458:
895:largest industrial centres of the Caucasus
523:
41:
7035:Institutional seats of the European Union
6942:, Corsica Collectivité (France)
3493:Bourdieu's Secret Admirer in the Caucasus
3097:. National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency
2993:
2991:
2967:
2965:
2550:Learn how and when to remove this message
1259:destroyed much of the city. Thousands of
2981:
2979:
2977:
2955:
2953:
2951:
2833:
2831:
2829:
1271:on the city outskirts. The main federal
1025:taking operational level control of the
3842:The 2009 Scroll of Honour Award Winners
2825:
1855:and plays in the recently built city's
573:
565:
531:
508:
471:
468:city of republic significance of Grozny
423:
410:
402:
399:324.16 km (125.16 sq mi)
389:
366:
350:
328:
293:
188:
151:
75:
67:
62:
4015:(Referendum. March 23, 2003
3789:
3787:
3762:10.7591/cornell/9781501705823.003.0001
3729:Shevelkina, Julia (25 November 2016).
3681:
3361:, Fall 1991. Originally in Russian in
2937:
2926:
1443:After four years of construction, the
1068:troops. The act was recognized by the
7043: Continental placement may vary
4074:Bibliography of the history of Grozny
3930:Uzaklar Yakinlaşti – Sivas Twin Towns
3197:City of Grozny. Reference Information
1721:Grozny State Oil Technical University
1602:framework of administrative divisions
1420:connection was restored in 2005, and
696:"), which literally means "the city (
605:
544:
491:
480:
457:
446:
432:
415:
394:
379:
371:
358:
338:
179:
7:
7090:Populated places established in 1818
6881:, Castilla–La Mancha (de facto)
4597:states whose sovereignty is disputed
4017:Constitution of the Chechen Republic
3754:Urban Environmental Education Review
3664:W., Kelly, Michael (9 August 2012).
2959:Constitution of the Chechen Republic
2849:
2847:
2845:
2843:
2532:adding citations to reliable sources
1295:base. The battle ended with a final
956:Entrance sign, built in Soviet-times
830:, the classic of Russian literature
6992:, Nakhchivan (Azerbaijan)
6982:, Åland Islands (Finland)
6652:, Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol
5244:, Faroe Islands (Denmark)
4112:Grozny – Chechnya: Photo Essay
3546:Chechnya: from nationalism to jihad
3376:Chechnya: The Case for Independence
1717:Chechen State Pedagogical Institute
1455:Administrative and municipal status
7045:depending on geographic convention
6901:, Castile and León (de facto)
3637:Carlotta Gall and Thomas De Waal.
3624:Carlotta Gall and Thomas De Waal.
3602:Boris Lvin and Andrei Illarionov.
2898:Charter of Grozny, Article 47
2877:Charter of Grozny, Article 28
25:
5461:(de facto), Republika Srpska
4001:President of the Chechen Republic
3652:Chechnya:Calamity in the Caucasus
3650:Carlotta Gall and Thomas De Waal.
3244:"Записки краеведа - А.А. Ваксман"
3056:Charter of Grozny, Article 2
6972:, Mount Athos (Greece)
6911:, Basque Country (de facto)
5401:, German-speaking Community
4317:
4214:
4083:
3142:Federal State Statistics Service
3128:Federal State Statistics Service
2809:Grozny-City Towers Facade Clocks
2649:
2630:
2617:
2604:
2591:
2578:
2508:
1762:visited by specialists from the
1667:
1387:
1373:
1357:
978:Chechen-Ingush Autonomous Oblast
268:
261:
235:
228:
202:
195:
166:
156:
122:
113:
102:
93:
82:
7070:Capitals of republics of Russia
7039:Brussels and the European Union
6033:, Moscow Oblast (de facto)
2681:, former Armenian soccer player
2519:needs additional citations for
2500:Twin towns – sister cities
1841:Russian Football Premier League
1072:as an act of genocide in 2004.
767:For a chronological guide, see
7027: Also the capital of the
7002:, Vojvodina (Serbia)
6962:, Gagauzia (Moldova)
1878:The city is located along the
1835:The mascot of FC Akhmat Grozny
1243:Battle of Grozny (August 1996)
1136:, Grozny became the seat of a
732:
680:). While the official name in
615:
269:
236:
203:
1:
6507:, Canton of Schaffhausen
6447:, Appenzell Ausserrhoden
6073:, Nizhny Novgorod Oblast
5634:, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern
5534:, North Rhine-Westphalia
5234:, Svalbard (Norway)
4899:, Bosnia and Herzegovina
4091:travel guide from Wikivoyage
3889:(in Russian). Погода и Климат
3438:"Chechnya: Rewriting History"
3038:Поиск объектов почтовой связи
1866:The city is also home to the
1606:city of republic significance
1128:Collapse of Russian authority
995:operation in summer of 1942 (
658:. It was previously known as
504:Groznensky Municipal District
441:city of republic significance
7012:, Crimea (Ukraine)
6952:, Adjara (Georgia)
6672:, Friuli Venezia Giulia
6367:, Appenzell Innerrhoden
5180:, Akrotiri and Dhekelia
3756:, Cornell University Press,
3606:. February 24- March 2, 1995
3440:. Iwpr.net. 23 February 1944
2886:Official website of Grozny.
2733:, mixed martial arts fighter
1604:, it is incorporated as the
1600:of the republic. Within the
1449:UN Human Settlements Program
1334:killing more than 140 people
1313:Battle of Grozny (1999–2000)
987:Due to its oil, Grozny with
834:, the Decembrist and writer
721:Chechen republic of Ichkeria
6557:, Canton of St. Gallen
5840:, North Ossetia–Alania
5594:, Rhineland-Palatinate
3847:September 27, 2009, at the
3803:Retrieved on April 23, 2012
3491:Derluguyan, Georgi (2005).
3353:Bugai, Nikolai Fedorovich.
2660:Russian invasion of Ukraine
2389:Average precipitation days
2175:Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
2035:Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
1882:, a major tributary of the
1202:by the Chechen government.
1040:of Chechens and Ingush was
692:
660:
623:
417: • Estimate
252:Show map of European Russia
64:Other transcription(s)
27:Capital of Chechnya, Russia
7106:
7029:Kingdom of the Netherlands
6891:, Valencian Community
6791:, Community of Madrid
6537:, Canton of Solothurn
6487:, Canton of Neuchâtel
5696:, Karachay-Cherkessia
4096:Official website of Grozny
4071:
3935:December 27, 2013, at the
3829:November 28, 2009, at the
3463:February 13, 2012, at the
3327:November 16, 2010, at the
2855:Энциклопедия Города России
2725:dr. of historical sciences
2561:
2487:
2483:Source 1: Погода и Климат
2482:
1915:
1310:
1239:Battle of Grozny (1994–95)
1236:
1132:After the collapse of the
972:was still Russian, but of
921:, on 8 November 1917, the
808:Aleksey Petrovich Yermolov
766:
29:
7023:
6427:, Canton of Fribourg
5989:, Kaliningrad Oblast
5939:, Arkhangelsk Oblast
5776:, Kabardino-Balkaria
5574:, Schleswig-Holstein
4589:
4540:
4420:
4315:
4212:
4193:
4130:Putin: "Grozny liberated"
4104:Grozny Business Directory
4043:
4027:
4011:
3995:
3977:
3954:(in Polish). 3 March 2022
3401:Russia Confronts Chechnya
3359:Soviet Studies in History
3014:(in Russian). 3 June 2011
2435:
2388:
2314:
2244:
2174:
2104:
2034:
1964:
1959:
1956:
1953:
1950:
1947:
1944:
1941:
1938:
1935:
1932:
1929:
1926:
1923:
1920:
1900:humid continental climate
1589:
1486:—
1426:international certificate
1221:, not long after renamed
980:was formed, becoming the
966:Chechen Autonomous Oblast
848:
798:
785:
733:Джохар-ГӀала, Dƶoxar-Ġala
719:, the authorities of the
708:
698:
686:
598:
294:
189:
180:
152:
76:
54:
6477:, Canton of Lucerne
5644:, Baden-Württemberg
4222:Administrative districts
4183:Administrative divisions
3518:Avtoshliakhovyk Ukrayiny
3175:
3170:
3155:
3146:
3118:
1709:Chechen State University
1699:Grozny is known for its
1021:, was a major factor in
947:Soviet Mountain Republic
502:Grozny Urban Okrug,
407:130 m (430 ft)
249:Grozny (European Russia)
132:Clockwise from the top,
39:City in Chechnya, Russia
6831:, Balearic Islands
6811:, Region of Murcia
6587:, Canton of Zürich
6567:, Canton of Glarus
6517:, Canton of Schwyz
6467:, Basel-Landschaft
6437:, Canton of Geneva
6306:, Saint Petersburg
6273:, Yaroslavl Oblast
6243:, Volgograd Oblast
6213:, Ulyanovsk Oblast
6143:, Leningrad Oblast
5949:, Astrakhan Oblast
5142:, Northern Ireland
3008:"Об исчислении времени"
1622:administrative district
1328:at the crowded central
913:Soviet regional capital
32:Grozny (disambiguation)
6857:Santiago de Compostela
6767:Santa Cruz de Tenerife
6263:, Voronezh Oblast
6233:, Vladimir Oblast
6223:, Novgorod Oblast
6173:, Smolensk Oblast
6083:, Orenburg Oblast
6063:, Murmansk Oblast
6019:, Kostroma Oblast
5959:, Belgorod Oblast
5447:Bosnia and Herzegovina
5032:, Northern Cyprus
4907:, North Macedonia
3414:Lone Wolf and the Bear
3357:Printed in English in
1849:Russian First Division
1836:
1793:The city is served by
1790:
1748:Trams and trolleybuses
1741:
1740:Grozny Railway station
1661:
1436:to Saudi Arabia via a
1332:and a maternity ward,
1108:
1046:advancing armed forces
999:Battle of the Caucasus
957:
6771:, Canary Islands
6253:, Vologda Oblast
6163:, Saratov Oblast
6053:, Lipetsk Oblast
5979:, Ivanovo Oblast
5969:, Bryansk Oblast
5916:, Stavropol Krai
5896:, Krasnodar Krai
5471:, Brčko District
5098:Constituent countries
4859:, Czech Republic
4780:, United Kingdom
4593:dependent territories
3042:Postal Objects Search
2804:Akhmad Kadyrov Mosque
1834:
1819:In the same year the
1788:
1739:
1659:
1652:Culture and education
1618:administrative centre
1460:Historical population
1445:Akhmad Kadyrov Mosque
1106:
955:
642:The city lies on the
427:Administrative status
314:43.31250°N 45.69861°E
142:Akhmad Kadyrov Mosque
6577:, Canton of Zug
6183:, Tambov Oblast
6153:, Samara Oblast
6133:, Ryazan Oblast
6123:, Rostov Oblast
5999:, Kaluga Oblast
5830:, Bashkortostan
5584:, Saxony-Anhalt
5349:, Lower Austria
5329:, Upper Austria
5156:Overseas Territories
5072:, South Ossetia
4955:, Liechtenstein
3639:Small Victorious War
3626:Small Victorious War
2755:Pasikhat Dzhukalaeva
2721:Maksharip Muzhukhoev
2709:Lyudmila Turishcheva
2528:improve this article
1965:Record high °C (°F)
1036:In 1944, the entire
1007:Battle of Stalingrad
824:Alexander Polezhayev
715:In 1996, during the
385:Khas-Magomed Kadyrov
219:Show map of Chechnya
69: • Chechen
30:For other uses, see
6662:, Aosta Valley
6316:, Sevastopol (
6113:, Pskov Oblast
6103:, Penza Oblast
6093:, Oryol Oblast
6043:, Kursk Oblast
6009:, Kirov Oblast
5564:, Lower Saxony
5176:Episkopi Cantonment
5062:, Transnistria
5020:limited recognition
4229:Achkhoy-Martanovsky
4122:Grozny: Fallen City
3909:"GROZNYJ 1961–1990"
2798:Visitor attractions
2717:, singer and dancer
2644:Former twin towns:
2245:Record low °C (°F)
2105:Daily mean °C (°F)
1701:modern architecture
1590:Source: Census data
1461:
1255:carried out by the
1217:by the FSK (former
1070:European Parliament
982:Chechen-Ingush ASSR
836:Alexander Bestuzhev
820:Alexander Griboedov
646:. According to the
376:Council of Deputies
310: /
7050: A city-state
6801:, Extremadura
6694:Autonomous regions
6618:Autonomous regions
6377:, Basel-Stadt
6203:, Tver Oblast
6193:, Tula Oblast
5614:, Brandenburg
5170:, Isle of Man
5151:Crown Dependencies
4684:, Switzerland
4620:, Netherlands
3799:June 28, 2013, at
3527:10.33868/0365-8392
3478:, 27 February 2004
2757:, supercentenarian
2749:Meseda Bagaudinova
2687:, political figure
1888:Caucasus Mountains
1839:Grozny is home to
1837:
1791:
1775:Second Chechen War
1742:
1679:. You can help by
1662:
1646:Sheikh-Mansurovsky
1614:municipal division
1365:Grozny-City Towers
1326:ballistic missiles
1319:Second Chechen War
1307:Second Chechen War
1140:government led by
1109:
1019:Siege of Leningrad
958:
919:October Revolution
917:One day after the
769:Timeline of Grozny
607:[ˈgroznɨj]
488:Grozny Urban Okrug
396: • Total
381: • Mayor
319:43.31250; 45.69861
285:Show map of Europe
216:Location of Grozny
183:Location of Grozny
138:Grozny City Towers
7057:
7056:
7019:
7018:
6827:Palma de Mallorca
6733:
6732:
6708:Angra do Heroísmo
6679:
6678:
6594:
6593:
6327:
6326:
5859:Autonomous okrugs
5746:, Ingushetia
5441:
5440:
5289:, Burgenland
5279:, Vorarlberg
5252:
5251:
5217:
5216:
4891:, San Marino
4851:, Montenegro
4788:, Luxembourg
4660:, Azerbaijan
4644:, Kazakhstan
4551:
4550:
4372:
4371:
3887:"Climate Groznyj"
3502:978-0-226-14283-8
3308:978-0-375-50614-7
2936:Missing or empty
2889:, Mayor of Grozny
2711:, Olympic gymnast
2693:, colonel general
2673:Anatoly Karatsuba
2560:
2559:
2552:
2496:
2495:
1759:First Chechen War
1697:
1696:
1594:
1593:
1406:(Red Hammer) and
1257:Russian Air Force
1249:First Chechen War
1233:First Chechen War
1173:Andrei Illarionov
1121:Grozny University
1054:Alexander Nekrich
927:Russian Civil War
891:Royal Dutch Shell
870:Rothschild family
828:Mikhail Lermontov
747:for short, after
723:renamed the city
717:First Chechen War
678:Ivan the Terrible
621:
588:
587:
373: • Body
360:City status since
16:(Redirected from
7097:
7085:Capitals in Asia
6871:, Andalusia
6851:, Cantabria
6753:, Catalonia
6690:
6614:
6605:
6547:, Nidwalden
6302:Saint Petersburg
5906:, Perm Krai
5736:, Tatarstan
5686:, Chuvashia
5668:
5544:, Thuringia
5373:
5319:, Carinthia
5261:
5206:Saint Peter Port
5190:, Gibraltar
5094:
5085:
4986:, Lithuania
4625:Andorra la Vella
4609:Sovereign states
4578:
4571:
4564:
4555:
4399:
4392:
4385:
4376:
4327:Cities and towns
4321:
4304:Urus-Martanovsky
4274:Nozhay-Yurtovsky
4218:
4206:Rural localities
4176:
4169:
4162:
4153:
4148:
4108:
4100:
4087:
4046:
4045:
4030:
4029:
4014:
4013:
3998:
3997:
3984:
3983:
3964:
3963:
3961:
3959:
3948:
3942:
3941:
3927:
3921:
3920:
3918:
3916:
3905:
3899:
3898:
3896:
3894:
3883:
3877:
3876:
3874:
3872:
3857:
3851:
3839:
3833:
3821:
3815:
3810:
3804:
3791:
3782:
3781:
3780:
3778:
3745:
3739:
3738:
3726:
3720:
3719:
3717:
3715:
3700:
3694:
3693:
3687:
3679:
3661:
3655:
3648:
3642:
3635:
3629:
3622:
3616:
3613:
3607:
3600:
3594:
3593:
3591:
3589:
3574:
3568:
3567:
3565:
3563:
3537:
3531:
3530:
3513:
3507:
3506:
3488:
3479:
3473:
3467:
3456:
3450:
3449:
3447:
3445:
3434:
3428:
3423:
3417:
3410:
3404:
3397:
3391:
3389:Punished Peoples
3385:
3379:
3372:
3366:
3351:
3345:
3338:
3332:
3319:
3313:
3312:
3289:
3283:
3282:
3265:
3259:
3258:
3256:
3254:
3248:grozny.vrcal.com
3240:
3231:
3228:
3222:
3221:
3208:
3202:
3201:
3190:
3184:
3183:
3180:Demoscope Weekly
3166:
3160:
3159:
3153:
3138:
3132:
3131:
3125:
3113:
3107:
3106:
3104:
3102:
3096:
3088:
3082:
3081:
3079:
3077:
3063:
3057:
3054:
3048:
3047:
3030:
3024:
3023:
3021:
3019:
3004:
2998:
2995:
2986:
2983:
2972:
2969:
2960:
2957:
2946:
2945:
2939:
2934:
2932:
2924:
2922:
2920:
2911:. Archived from
2905:
2899:
2896:
2890:
2884:
2878:
2875:
2869:
2868:
2851:
2838:
2835:
2761:Sukhrab Akhmedov
2697:Israil Arsamakov
2654:
2653:
2635:
2634:
2622:
2621:
2609:
2608:
2596:
2595:
2583:
2582:
2555:
2548:
2544:
2541:
2535:
2512:
2504:
2392:
1913:
1845:FC Akhmat Grozny
1713:FC Akhmat Grozny
1692:
1689:
1671:
1664:
1475:
1470:
1462:
1422:Grozny's airport
1391:
1377:
1361:
1204:The last assault
1189:
1181:Umar Avturkhanov
1162:ethnic cleansing
1142:Dzhokhar Dudayev
903:Groznensky Okrug
851:
850:
818:. Russian poets
801:
800:
792:
788:
787:
779:The fortress of
749:Dzhokhar Dudayev
734:
711:
710:
701:
700:
695:
689:
688:
663:
626:
620:romanized:
619:
617:
609:
604:
600:
584:
581:
527:
499:
485:
475:Municipal status
465:
454:Chechen Republic
451:
437:
325:
324:
322:
321:
320:
315:
311:
308:
307:
306:
303:
286:
272:
271:
265:
253:
239:
238:
232:
220:
206:
205:
199:
170:
160:
126:
117:
106:
97:
86:
42:
21:
7105:
7104:
7100:
7099:
7098:
7096:
7095:
7094:
7060:
7059:
7058:
7053:
7015:
6924:
6907:Vitoria-Gasteiz
6821:, Asturias
6781:, La Rioja
6729:
6675:
6632:, Sardinia
6600:
6590:
6497:, Obwalden
6323:
6276:
6219:Veliky Novgorod
6069:Nizhny Novgorod
5919:
5876:
5853:
5806:, Crimea (
5796:, Mordovia
5756:, Dagestan
5726:, Udmurtia
5716:, Chechnya
5706:, Kalmykia
5657:
5624:, Saarland
5484:
5437:
5434:, Wallonia
5404:
5362:
5339:, Salzburg
5248:
5213:
5210:, Guernsey
5154:
5145:
5122:, Scotland
5076:
5052:, Abkhazia
5019:
5013:
4915:, Bulgaria
4772:, Slovenia
4764:, Portugal
4692:, Slovakia
4604:
4585:
4582:
4552:
4547:
4536:
4416:
4403:
4373:
4368:
4322:
4313:
4219:
4208:
4189:
4180:
4146:
4106:
4098:
4081:
4076:
4070:
3973:
3968:
3967:
3957:
3955:
3950:
3949:
3945:
3939:
3937:Wayback Machine
3928:
3924:
3914:
3912:
3907:
3906:
3902:
3892:
3890:
3885:
3884:
3880:
3870:
3868:
3859:
3858:
3854:
3849:Wayback Machine
3840:
3836:
3831:Wayback Machine
3822:
3818:
3811:
3807:
3792:
3785:
3776:
3774:
3772:
3747:
3746:
3742:
3728:
3727:
3723:
3713:
3711:
3702:
3701:
3697:
3680:
3663:
3662:
3658:
3649:
3645:
3636:
3632:
3623:
3619:
3614:
3610:
3601:
3597:
3587:
3585:
3576:
3575:
3571:
3561:
3559:
3557:
3539:
3538:
3534:
3515:
3514:
3510:
3503:
3490:
3489:
3482:
3474:
3470:
3465:Wayback Machine
3457:
3453:
3443:
3441:
3436:
3435:
3431:
3424:
3420:
3411:
3407:
3398:
3394:
3386:
3382:
3373:
3369:
3363:Voprosy istorii
3352:
3348:
3339:
3335:
3329:Wayback Machine
3320:
3316:
3309:
3291:
3290:
3286:
3279:
3267:
3266:
3262:
3252:
3250:
3242:
3241:
3234:
3229:
3225:
3219:
3209:
3205:
3199:
3191:
3187:
3177:
3172:
3168:
3167:
3163:
3157:
3151:
3148:
3144:(21 May 2004).
3140:
3139:
3135:
3123:
3120:
3115:
3114:
3110:
3100:
3098:
3094:
3090:
3089:
3085:
3075:
3073:
3065:
3064:
3060:
3055:
3051:
3045:
3031:
3027:
3017:
3015:
3006:
3005:
3001:
2996:
2989:
2984:
2975:
2970:
2963:
2958:
2949:
2935:
2925:
2918:
2916:
2915:on 26 July 2018
2907:
2906:
2902:
2897:
2893:
2885:
2881:
2876:
2872:
2865:
2853:
2852:
2841:
2836:
2827:
2822:
2817:
2800:
2779:Yuliya Yefimova
2775:, mathematician
2745:, soccer player
2743:Magomed Ozdoyev
2727:), archeologist
2715:Makka Sagaipova
2691:Gennady Troshev
2675:, mathematician
2669:
2648:
2642:
2629:
2616:
2603:
2590:
2577:
2566:
2556:
2545:
2539:
2536:
2525:
2513:
2502:
2497:
2390:
2383:
2378:
2373:
2368:
2363:
2358:
2353:
2348:
2343:
2338:
2333:
2328:
2323:
2309:
2304:
2299:
2294:
2289:
2284:
2279:
2274:
2269:
2264:
2259:
2254:
2249:
2239:
2234:
2229:
2224:
2219:
2214:
2209:
2204:
2199:
2194:
2189:
2184:
2179:
2169:
2164:
2159:
2154:
2149:
2144:
2139:
2134:
2129:
2124:
2119:
2114:
2109:
2099:
2094:
2089:
2084:
2079:
2074:
2069:
2064:
2059:
2054:
2049:
2044:
2039:
2029:
2024:
2019:
2014:
2009:
2004:
1999:
1994:
1989:
1984:
1979:
1974:
1969:
1896:
1876:
1829:
1814:Hyundai Solaris
1803:
1783:
1750:
1734:
1729:
1693:
1687:
1684:
1677:needs expansion
1654:
1630:
1457:
1399:
1398:
1397:
1396:
1395:
1392:
1383:
1382:
1381:
1378:
1369:
1368:
1367:
1362:
1351:
1315:
1309:
1301:Aslan Maskhadov
1245:
1235:
1200:prisoner-of-war
1183:
1130:
1117:Stalinist style
915:
777:
772:
765:
670:
602:
578:
547:Dialing code(s)
541:
494:
483:
477:
460:
449:
436:Subordinated to
435:
429:
341:Federal subject
318:
316:
312:
309:
304:
301:
299:
297:
296:
290:
289:
288:
287:
284:
283:
282:Grozny (Europe)
280:
279:
278:
277:
273:
256:
255:
254:
251:
250:
247:
246:
245:
244:
240:
223:
222:
221:
218:
217:
214:
213:
212:
211:
207:
185:
184:
176:
175:
174:
173:
164:
163:
148:
147:
146:
145:
129:
128:
127:
119:
118:
109:
108:
107:
99:
98:
89:
88:
87:
59:
50:
47:
40:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
7103:
7101:
7093:
7092:
7087:
7082:
7077:
7072:
7062:
7061:
7055:
7054:
7052:
7051:
7048:
7047:being followed
7041:
7031:
7024:
7021:
7020:
7017:
7016:
7014:
7013:
7003:
6993:
6983:
6973:
6963:
6953:
6943:
6932:
6930:
6926:
6925:
6923:
6922:
6912:
6902:
6892:
6882:
6872:
6862:
6861:, Galicia
6852:
6842:
6841:, Navarre
6832:
6822:
6812:
6802:
6792:
6782:
6772:
6754:
6743:
6741:
6735:
6734:
6731:
6730:
6728:
6727:
6726:, Madeira
6717:
6698:
6696:
6687:
6681:
6680:
6677:
6676:
6674:
6673:
6663:
6653:
6643:
6633:
6622:
6620:
6611:
6602:
6596:
6595:
6592:
6591:
6589:
6588:
6578:
6568:
6558:
6548:
6538:
6528:
6518:
6508:
6498:
6488:
6478:
6468:
6458:
6448:
6438:
6428:
6418:
6417:, Thurgau
6408:
6398:
6397:, Grisons
6388:
6378:
6368:
6358:
6348:
6337:
6335:
6329:
6328:
6325:
6324:
6322:
6321:
6307:
6297:
6286:
6284:
6282:Federal cities
6278:
6277:
6275:
6274:
6264:
6254:
6244:
6234:
6224:
6214:
6204:
6194:
6184:
6174:
6164:
6154:
6144:
6134:
6124:
6114:
6104:
6094:
6084:
6074:
6064:
6054:
6044:
6034:
6020:
6010:
6000:
5990:
5980:
5970:
5960:
5950:
5940:
5929:
5927:
5921:
5920:
5918:
5917:
5907:
5897:
5886:
5884:
5878:
5877:
5875:
5874:
5863:
5861:
5855:
5854:
5852:
5851:
5850:, Mari El
5841:
5831:
5821:
5811:
5797:
5787:
5786:, Karelia
5777:
5767:
5757:
5747:
5737:
5727:
5717:
5707:
5697:
5687:
5676:
5674:
5665:
5659:
5658:
5656:
5655:
5645:
5635:
5625:
5615:
5605:
5604:, Bavaria
5595:
5585:
5575:
5565:
5555:
5554:, Hamburg
5545:
5535:
5525:
5515:
5505:
5494:
5492:
5486:
5485:
5483:
5482:
5472:
5462:
5451:
5449:
5443:
5442:
5439:
5438:
5436:
5435:
5425:
5414:
5412:
5406:
5405:
5403:
5402:
5392:
5381:
5379:
5370:
5364:
5363:
5361:
5360:
5350:
5340:
5330:
5320:
5310:
5300:
5290:
5280:
5269:
5267:
5258:
5257:Federal states
5254:
5253:
5250:
5249:
5247:
5246:
5236:
5225:
5223:
5219:
5218:
5215:
5214:
5212:
5211:
5201:
5191:
5181:
5171:
5160:
5158:
5147:
5146:
5144:
5143:
5133:
5123:
5113:
5112:, England
5102:
5100:
5091:
5089:United Kingdom
5082:
5078:
5077:
5075:
5074:
5064:
5054:
5044:
5034:
5023:
5021:
5015:
5014:
5012:
5011:
5010:, Croatia
5003:
5002:, Armenia
4995:
4987:
4979:
4978:, Austria
4971:
4964:
4956:
4948:
4947:, Albania
4940:
4939:, Georgia
4932:
4931:, Estonia
4924:
4916:
4908:
4900:
4892:
4884:
4876:
4868:
4867:, Iceland
4860:
4852:
4844:
4836:
4828:
4820:
4812:
4805:
4804:, Belarus
4797:
4789:
4781:
4773:
4765:
4757:
4756:, Ukraine
4749:
4748:, Finland
4741:
4740:, Ireland
4733:
4732:, Denmark
4725:
4724:, Moldova
4717:
4716:, Hungary
4709:
4708:, Romania
4701:
4700:, Belgium
4693:
4685:
4677:
4676:, Germany
4669:
4661:
4653:
4645:
4637:
4629:
4628:, Andorra
4621:
4612:
4610:
4606:
4605:
4590:
4587:
4586:
4583:
4581:
4580:
4573:
4566:
4558:
4549:
4548:
4541:
4538:
4537:
4535:
4534:
4529:
4524:
4519:
4514:
4509:
4504:
4497:
4492:
4487:
4482:
4477:
4472:
4467:
4462:
4457:
4452:
4447:
4442:
4437:
4432:
4427:
4421:
4418:
4417:
4404:
4402:
4401:
4394:
4387:
4379:
4370:
4369:
4367:
4366:
4361:
4356:
4351:
4346:
4341:
4336:
4334:Achkhoy-Martan
4330:
4328:
4324:
4323:
4316:
4314:
4312:
4311:
4306:
4301:
4296:
4291:
4286:
4281:
4276:
4271:
4266:
4261:
4259:Kurchaloyevsky
4256:
4251:
4246:
4241:
4236:
4234:Cheberloyevsky
4231:
4225:
4223:
4220:
4213:
4210:
4209:
4194:
4191:
4190:
4181:
4179:
4178:
4171:
4164:
4156:
4150:
4149:
4141:
4135:
4127:
4119:
4109:
4101:
4080:
4079:External links
4077:
4069:
4066:
4065:
4064:
4057:
4040:
4024:
4008:
3992:
3972:
3969:
3966:
3965:
3943:
3922:
3900:
3878:
3852:
3834:
3816:
3805:
3783:
3770:
3750:"Introduction"
3740:
3721:
3710:. 3 March 2007
3695:
3656:
3654:.Pages 155–157
3643:
3630:
3617:
3608:
3595:
3569:
3556:978-0812202311
3555:
3532:
3508:
3501:
3480:
3468:
3451:
3429:
3418:
3405:
3392:
3380:
3367:
3346:
3340:Dunlop, John.
3333:
3314:
3307:
3284:
3277:
3260:
3232:
3223:
3203:
3185:
3161:
3133:
3126:(in Russian).
3108:
3083:
3071:rosstat.gov.ru
3058:
3049:
3025:
2999:
2987:
2973:
2961:
2947:
2900:
2891:
2879:
2870:
2863:
2839:
2824:
2823:
2821:
2818:
2816:
2813:
2812:
2811:
2806:
2799:
2796:
2795:
2794:
2788:
2782:
2776:
2770:
2764:
2758:
2752:
2746:
2740:
2739:, soccer coach
2737:Magomed Adiyev
2734:
2731:Mamed Khalidov
2728:
2718:
2712:
2706:
2700:
2699:, weightlifter
2694:
2688:
2685:Bekkhan Agayev
2682:
2679:Artur Sarkisov
2676:
2668:
2667:Notable people
2665:
2664:
2663:
2641:
2640:
2627:
2614:
2601:
2588:
2574:
2558:
2557:
2516:
2514:
2507:
2501:
2498:
2494:
2493:
2485:
2484:
2480:
2479:
2476:
2473:
2470:
2467:
2464:
2461:
2458:
2455:
2452:
2449:
2446:
2443:
2440:
2438:sunshine hours
2433:
2432:
2429:
2426:
2423:
2420:
2417:
2414:
2411:
2408:
2405:
2402:
2399:
2396:
2393:
2386:
2385:
2380:
2375:
2370:
2365:
2360:
2355:
2350:
2345:
2340:
2335:
2330:
2325:
2320:
2312:
2311:
2306:
2301:
2296:
2291:
2286:
2281:
2276:
2271:
2266:
2261:
2256:
2251:
2246:
2242:
2241:
2236:
2231:
2226:
2221:
2216:
2211:
2206:
2201:
2196:
2191:
2186:
2181:
2176:
2172:
2171:
2166:
2161:
2156:
2151:
2146:
2141:
2136:
2131:
2126:
2121:
2116:
2111:
2106:
2102:
2101:
2096:
2091:
2086:
2081:
2076:
2071:
2066:
2061:
2056:
2051:
2046:
2041:
2036:
2032:
2031:
2026:
2021:
2016:
2011:
2006:
2001:
1996:
1991:
1986:
1981:
1976:
1971:
1966:
1962:
1961:
1958:
1955:
1952:
1949:
1946:
1943:
1940:
1937:
1934:
1931:
1928:
1925:
1922:
1918:
1917:
1911:
1895:
1892:
1875:
1872:
1857:Akhmat Stadium
1853:Ramzan Kadyrov
1828:
1825:
1802:
1801:Sharing system
1799:
1795:Grozny Airport
1789:Grozny Airport
1782:
1779:
1749:
1746:
1733:
1730:
1728:
1727:Transportation
1725:
1695:
1694:
1674:
1672:
1653:
1650:
1638:Baysangurovsky
1629:
1628:City divisions
1626:
1596:Grozny is the
1592:
1591:
1587:
1586:
1583:
1580:
1576:
1575:
1572:
1569:
1565:
1564:
1561:
1558:
1554:
1553:
1550:
1547:
1543:
1542:
1539:
1536:
1532:
1531:
1528:
1525:
1521:
1520:
1517:
1514:
1510:
1509:
1506:
1503:
1499:
1498:
1495:
1492:
1488:
1487:
1484:
1481:
1477:
1476:
1471:
1466:
1456:
1453:
1394:Grozny in 2018
1393:
1386:
1385:
1384:
1379:
1372:
1371:
1370:
1363:
1356:
1355:
1354:
1353:
1352:
1350:
1349:After the wars
1347:
1343:United Nations
1308:
1305:
1253:carpet bombing
1234:
1231:
1158:discrimination
1152:, adding to a
1129:
1126:
914:
911:
899:Russian Empire
854:Terek Cossacks
840:Russian Empire
776:
773:
764:
761:
757:Ramzan Kadyrov
753:Akhmad Kadyrov
725:Dzhokhar-Ghala
669:
666:
664:(until 1870).
586:
585:
576:
572:
571:
570:October 5
568:
564:
563:
560:
553:
552:
549:
543:
542:
538:
536:
534:Postal code(s)
530:
529:
513:
507:
506:
500:
490:
489:
486:
479:
478:
473:
470:
469:
466:
456:
455:
452:
445:
444:
438:
431:
430:
425:
422:
421:
418:
414:
413:
409:
408:
405:
401:
400:
397:
393:
392:
388:
387:
382:
378:
377:
374:
370:
369:
365:
364:
361:
357:
356:
353:
349:
348:
343:
337:
336:
331:
327:
326:
292:
291:
281:
275:
274:
267:
266:
260:
259:
258:
257:
248:
242:
241:
234:
233:
227:
226:
225:
224:
215:
209:
208:
201:
200:
194:
193:
192:
191:
190:
187:
186:
182:
181:
178:
177:
171:
165:
161:
155:
154:
153:
150:
149:
134:Kadyrov Square
131:
130:
121:
120:
112:
111:
110:
101:
100:
92:
91:
90:
81:
80:
79:
78:
77:
74:
73:
70:
66:
65:
61:
60:
55:
52:
51:
48:
45:
38:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7102:
7091:
7088:
7086:
7083:
7081:
7078:
7076:
7073:
7071:
7068:
7067:
7065:
7049:
7046:
7042:
7040:
7036:
7032:
7030:
7026:
7025:
7022:
7011:
7010:
7009:
7004:
7001:
7000:
6999:
6994:
6991:
6990:
6989:
6984:
6981:
6980:
6979:
6974:
6971:
6970:
6969:
6964:
6961:
6960:
6959:
6954:
6951:
6950:
6949:
6944:
6941:
6940:
6939:
6934:
6933:
6931:
6927:
6921:, Aragon
6920:
6919:
6918:
6913:
6910:
6909:
6908:
6903:
6900:
6899:
6898:
6893:
6890:
6889:
6888:
6883:
6880:
6879:
6878:
6873:
6870:
6869:
6868:
6863:
6860:
6859:
6858:
6853:
6850:
6849:
6848:
6843:
6840:
6839:
6838:
6833:
6830:
6829:
6828:
6823:
6820:
6819:
6818:
6813:
6810:
6809:
6808:
6803:
6800:
6799:
6798:
6793:
6790:
6789:
6788:
6783:
6780:
6779:
6778:
6773:
6770:
6769:
6768:
6762:
6761:
6760:
6755:
6752:
6751:
6750:
6745:
6744:
6742:
6740:
6736:
6725:
6724:
6723:
6718:
6716:, Azores
6715:
6714:
6713:
6709:
6705:
6704:Ponta Delgada
6700:
6699:
6697:
6695:
6691:
6688:
6686:
6682:
6671:
6670:
6669:
6664:
6661:
6660:
6659:
6654:
6651:
6650:
6649:
6644:
6642:, Sicily
6641:
6640:
6639:
6634:
6631:
6630:
6629:
6624:
6623:
6621:
6619:
6615:
6612:
6610:
6606:
6603:
6597:
6586:
6585:
6584:
6579:
6576:
6575:
6574:
6569:
6566:
6565:
6564:
6559:
6556:
6555:
6554:
6549:
6546:
6545:
6544:
6539:
6536:
6535:
6534:
6529:
6527:, Valais
6526:
6525:
6524:
6519:
6516:
6515:
6514:
6509:
6506:
6505:
6504:
6499:
6496:
6495:
6494:
6489:
6486:
6485:
6484:
6479:
6476:
6475:
6474:
6469:
6466:
6465:
6464:
6459:
6456:
6455:
6454:
6449:
6446:
6445:
6444:
6439:
6436:
6435:
6434:
6429:
6426:
6425:
6424:
6419:
6416:
6415:
6414:
6409:
6406:
6405:
6404:
6399:
6396:
6395:
6394:
6389:
6387:, Ticino
6386:
6385:
6384:
6379:
6376:
6375:
6374:
6369:
6366:
6365:
6364:
6359:
6356:
6355:
6354:
6349:
6347:, Aargau
6346:
6345:
6344:
6339:
6338:
6336:
6334:
6330:
6319:
6315:
6314:
6313:
6308:
6305:
6304:
6303:
6298:
6296:, Moscow
6295:
6294:
6293:
6288:
6287:
6285:
6283:
6279:
6272:
6271:
6270:
6265:
6262:
6261:
6260:
6255:
6252:
6251:
6250:
6245:
6242:
6241:
6240:
6235:
6232:
6231:
6230:
6225:
6222:
6221:
6220:
6215:
6212:
6211:
6210:
6205:
6202:
6201:
6200:
6195:
6192:
6191:
6190:
6185:
6182:
6181:
6180:
6175:
6172:
6171:
6170:
6165:
6162:
6161:
6160:
6155:
6152:
6151:
6150:
6145:
6142:
6141:
6140:
6135:
6132:
6131:
6130:
6125:
6122:
6121:
6120:
6119:Rostov-on-Don
6115:
6112:
6111:
6110:
6105:
6102:
6101:
6100:
6095:
6092:
6091:
6090:
6085:
6082:
6081:
6080:
6075:
6072:
6071:
6070:
6065:
6062:
6061:
6060:
6055:
6052:
6051:
6050:
6045:
6042:
6041:
6040:
6035:
6032:
6031:
6030:
6026:
6021:
6018:
6017:
6016:
6011:
6008:
6007:
6006:
6001:
5998:
5997:
5996:
5991:
5988:
5987:
5986:
5981:
5978:
5977:
5976:
5971:
5968:
5967:
5966:
5961:
5958:
5957:
5956:
5951:
5948:
5947:
5946:
5941:
5938:
5937:
5936:
5931:
5930:
5928:
5926:
5922:
5915:
5914:
5913:
5908:
5905:
5904:
5903:
5898:
5895:
5894:
5893:
5888:
5887:
5885:
5883:
5879:
5873:, Nenets
5872:
5871:
5870:
5865:
5864:
5862:
5860:
5856:
5849:
5848:
5847:
5842:
5839:
5838:
5837:
5832:
5829:
5828:
5827:
5822:
5819:
5818:
5817:
5812:
5809:
5805:
5804:
5803:
5798:
5795:
5794:
5793:
5788:
5785:
5784:
5783:
5778:
5775:
5774:
5773:
5768:
5766:, Adygea
5765:
5764:
5763:
5758:
5755:
5754:
5753:
5748:
5745:
5744:
5743:
5738:
5735:
5734:
5733:
5728:
5725:
5724:
5723:
5718:
5715:
5714:
5713:
5708:
5705:
5704:
5703:
5698:
5695:
5694:
5693:
5688:
5685:
5684:
5683:
5678:
5677:
5675:
5673:
5669:
5666:
5664:
5660:
5653:
5652:
5651:
5646:
5643:
5642:
5641:
5636:
5633:
5632:
5631:
5626:
5623:
5622:
5621:
5616:
5613:
5612:
5611:
5606:
5603:
5602:
5601:
5596:
5593:
5592:
5591:
5586:
5583:
5582:
5581:
5576:
5573:
5572:
5571:
5566:
5563:
5562:
5561:
5556:
5553:
5552:
5551:
5546:
5543:
5542:
5541:
5536:
5533:
5532:
5531:
5526:
5524:, Saxony
5523:
5522:
5521:
5516:
5514:, Bremen
5513:
5512:
5511:
5506:
5504:, Berlin
5503:
5502:
5501:
5496:
5495:
5493:
5491:
5487:
5480:
5479:
5478:
5473:
5470:
5469:
5468:
5463:
5460:
5459:
5458:
5453:
5452:
5450:
5448:
5444:
5433:
5432:
5431:
5426:
5423:
5422:
5421:
5416:
5415:
5413:
5411:
5407:
5400:
5399:
5398:
5393:
5390:
5389:
5388:
5383:
5382:
5380:
5378:
5374:
5371:
5369:
5365:
5359:, Vienna
5358:
5357:
5356:
5351:
5348:
5347:
5346:
5341:
5338:
5337:
5336:
5331:
5328:
5327:
5326:
5321:
5318:
5317:
5316:
5311:
5308:
5307:
5306:
5301:
5299:, Styria
5298:
5297:
5296:
5291:
5288:
5287:
5286:
5281:
5278:
5277:
5276:
5271:
5270:
5268:
5266:
5262:
5259:
5255:
5245:
5243:
5242:
5237:
5235:
5233:
5232:
5227:
5226:
5224:
5220:
5209:
5208:
5207:
5202:
5200:, Jersey
5199:
5198:
5197:
5192:
5189:
5188:
5187:
5182:
5179:
5178:
5177:
5172:
5169:
5168:
5167:
5162:
5161:
5159:
5157:
5152:
5148:
5141:
5140:
5139:
5134:
5131:
5130:
5129:
5124:
5121:
5120:
5119:
5114:
5111:
5110:
5109:
5104:
5103:
5101:
5099:
5095:
5092:
5090:
5086:
5083:
5079:
5073:
5071:
5070:
5065:
5063:
5061:
5060:
5055:
5053:
5051:
5050:
5045:
5043:
5042:, Kosovo
5041:
5040:
5035:
5033:
5031:
5030:
5029:North Nicosia
5025:
5024:
5022:
5016:
5009:
5008:
5004:
5001:
5000:
4996:
4994:, Poland
4993:
4992:
4988:
4985:
4984:
4980:
4977:
4976:
4972:
4970:
4969:
4965:
4962:
4961:
4957:
4954:
4953:
4949:
4946:
4945:
4941:
4938:
4937:
4933:
4930:
4929:
4925:
4923:, Sweden
4922:
4921:
4917:
4914:
4913:
4909:
4906:
4905:
4901:
4898:
4897:
4893:
4890:
4889:
4885:
4882:
4881:
4877:
4875:, Latvia
4874:
4873:
4869:
4866:
4865:
4861:
4858:
4857:
4853:
4850:
4849:
4845:
4843:, France
4842:
4841:
4837:
4835:, Norway
4834:
4833:
4829:
4827:, Cyprus
4826:
4825:
4821:
4819:, Russia
4818:
4817:
4813:
4811:
4810:
4806:
4803:
4802:
4798:
4795:
4794:
4790:
4787:
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4782:
4779:
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4771:
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4710:
4707:
4706:
4702:
4699:
4698:
4694:
4691:
4690:
4686:
4683:
4682:
4678:
4675:
4674:
4670:
4668:, Serbia
4667:
4666:
4662:
4659:
4658:
4654:
4652:, Greece
4651:
4650:
4646:
4643:
4642:
4638:
4636:, Turkey
4635:
4634:
4630:
4627:
4626:
4622:
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4471:
4468:
4466:
4463:
4461:
4458:
4456:
4453:
4451:
4448:
4446:
4445:Gorno-Altaysk
4443:
4441:
4438:
4436:
4433:
4431:
4428:
4426:
4423:
4422:
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4415:
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4282:
4280:
4277:
4275:
4272:
4270:
4267:
4265:
4262:
4260:
4257:
4255:
4254:Itum-Kalinsky
4252:
4250:
4247:
4245:
4242:
4240:
4239:Galanchozhsky
4237:
4235:
4232:
4230:
4227:
4226:
4224:
4217:
4211:
4207:
4203:
4202:
4197:
4192:
4188:
4184:
4177:
4172:
4170:
4165:
4163:
4158:
4157:
4154:
4145:
4144:Grozny Photos
4142:
4139:
4136:
4134:
4131:
4128:
4126:
4123:
4120:
4118:
4117:
4113:
4110:
4105:
4102:
4097:
4094:
4093:
4092:
4090:
4086:
4078:
4075:
4067:
4062:
4059:Olga Oliker,
4058:
4055:
4051:
4041:
4038:
4034:
4025:
4022:
4018:
4009:
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4002:
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3825:
3820:
3817:
3814:
3809:
3806:
3802:
3801:archive.today
3798:
3795:
3790:
3788:
3784:
3773:
3771:9781501705823
3767:
3763:
3759:
3755:
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3609:
3605:
3599:
3596:
3583:
3579:
3573:
3570:
3558:
3552:
3548:
3547:
3542:
3541:Hughes, James
3536:
3533:
3528:
3524:
3520:
3519:
3512:
3509:
3504:
3498:
3494:
3487:
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3390:
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3368:
3364:
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3356:
3350:
3347:
3344:. Pages 67–69
3343:
3337:
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3330:
3326:
3323:
3318:
3315:
3310:
3304:
3300:
3296:
3295:
3288:
3285:
3280:
3278:0-275-96395-0
3274:
3270:
3264:
3261:
3249:
3245:
3239:
3237:
3233:
3227:
3224:
3217:
3213:
3210:RIA Novosti.
3207:
3204:
3198:
3194:
3189:
3186:
3181:
3173:
3165:
3162:
3158:(in Russian).
3149:
3143:
3137:
3134:
3129:
3121:
3112:
3109:
3093:
3087:
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3000:
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2910:
2904:
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2888:
2883:
2880:
2874:
2871:
2866:
2864:5-7107-7399-9
2860:
2856:
2850:
2848:
2846:
2844:
2840:
2834:
2832:
2830:
2826:
2819:
2814:
2810:
2807:
2805:
2802:
2801:
2797:
2792:
2789:
2786:
2785:Yuri Radonyak
2783:
2780:
2777:
2774:
2771:
2768:
2765:
2762:
2759:
2756:
2753:
2750:
2747:
2744:
2741:
2738:
2735:
2732:
2729:
2726:
2723:, historian (
2722:
2719:
2716:
2713:
2710:
2707:
2704:
2703:Khassan Baiev
2701:
2698:
2695:
2692:
2689:
2686:
2683:
2680:
2677:
2674:
2671:
2670:
2666:
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2657:
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2646:
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2599:
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2589:
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2581:
2576:
2575:
2573:
2571:
2565:
2554:
2551:
2543:
2533:
2529:
2523:
2522:
2517:This section
2515:
2511:
2506:
2505:
2499:
2491:
2486:
2481:
2477:
2474:
2471:
2468:
2465:
2462:
2459:
2456:
2453:
2450:
2447:
2444:
2441:
2439:
2436:Mean monthly
2434:
2430:
2427:
2424:
2421:
2418:
2415:
2412:
2409:
2406:
2403:
2400:
2397:
2394:
2387:
2381:
2376:
2371:
2366:
2361:
2356:
2351:
2346:
2341:
2336:
2331:
2326:
2321:
2318:
2317:precipitation
2313:
2307:
2302:
2297:
2292:
2287:
2282:
2277:
2272:
2267:
2262:
2257:
2252:
2247:
2243:
2237:
2232:
2227:
2222:
2217:
2212:
2207:
2202:
2197:
2192:
2187:
2182:
2177:
2173:
2167:
2162:
2157:
2152:
2147:
2142:
2137:
2132:
2127:
2122:
2117:
2112:
2107:
2103:
2097:
2092:
2087:
2082:
2077:
2072:
2067:
2062:
2057:
2052:
2047:
2042:
2037:
2033:
2027:
2022:
2017:
2012:
2007:
2002:
1997:
1992:
1987:
1982:
1977:
1972:
1967:
1963:
1919:
1914:
1910:
1908:
1905:
1901:
1898:Grozny has a
1893:
1891:
1889:
1885:
1881:
1873:
1871:
1869:
1864:
1862:
1858:
1854:
1850:
1846:
1842:
1833:
1826:
1824:
1822:
1817:
1815:
1811:
1808:
1800:
1798:
1796:
1787:
1780:
1778:
1776:
1771:
1769:
1765:
1760:
1755:
1747:
1745:
1738:
1731:
1726:
1724:
1722:
1718:
1714:
1710:
1706:
1702:
1691:
1688:December 2017
1682:
1678:
1675:This section
1673:
1670:
1666:
1665:
1658:
1651:
1649:
1647:
1643:
1639:
1635:
1627:
1625:
1623:
1619:
1615:
1611:
1607:
1603:
1599:
1588:
1584:
1581:
1578:
1577:
1573:
1570:
1567:
1566:
1562:
1559:
1556:
1555:
1551:
1548:
1545:
1544:
1540:
1537:
1534:
1533:
1529:
1526:
1523:
1522:
1518:
1515:
1512:
1511:
1507:
1504:
1501:
1500:
1496:
1493:
1490:
1489:
1485:
1482:
1479:
1478:
1472:
1467:
1464:
1463:
1454:
1452:
1450:
1446:
1441:
1439:
1435:
1431:
1430:airworthiness
1427:
1423:
1419:
1415:
1411:
1409:
1405:
1390:
1376:
1366:
1360:
1348:
1346:
1344:
1338:
1335:
1331:
1327:
1324:
1320:
1314:
1306:
1304:
1302:
1298:
1294:
1290:
1285:
1280:
1278:
1274:
1273:military base
1270:
1266:
1262:
1258:
1254:
1250:
1244:
1240:
1232:
1230:
1228:
1227:Boris Yeltsin
1224:
1220:
1216:
1212:
1209:
1205:
1201:
1197:
1193:
1187:
1182:
1176:
1174:
1169:
1167:
1163:
1159:
1155:
1151:
1148:by groups of
1147:
1143:
1139:
1135:
1127:
1125:
1122:
1118:
1113:
1105:
1101:
1099:
1095:
1094:Baltic states
1091:
1086:
1082:
1078:
1077:Grozny Oblast
1073:
1071:
1067:
1063:
1059:
1055:
1051:
1047:
1043:
1039:
1034:
1032:
1028:
1024:
1020:
1016:
1012:
1008:
1003:
1001:
1000:
994:
990:
985:
983:
979:
975:
971:
967:
963:
954:
950:
948:
944:
940:
936:
932:
928:
924:
920:
912:
910:
908:
904:
900:
897:. During the
896:
892:
888:
884:
880:
875:
871:
867:
863:
859:
855:
845:
841:
837:
833:
829:
825:
821:
817:
816:Caucasian War
813:
809:
805:
795:
782:
774:
770:
762:
760:
758:
754:
750:
746:
742:
738:
737:Dzhokhar City
735:), literally
730:
726:
722:
718:
713:
705:
694:
683:
679:
675:
667:
665:
662:
657:
653:
649:
645:
640:
638:
634:
630:
625:
613:
608:
596:
592:
583:
577:
569:
567:City Day
561:
558:
554:
550:
548:
537:
535:
526:
521:
517:
514:
512:
505:
501:
497:
493: •
487:
482: •
476:
467:
463:
459: •
453:
448: •
442:
439:
434: •
428:
419:
406:
398:
386:
383:
375:
362:
354:
347:
344:
342:
335:
332:
323:
295:Coordinates:
264:
231:
198:
169:
159:
143:
139:
135:
125:
116:
105:
96:
85:
71:
58:
53:
43:
37:
33:
19:
7080:Terek Oblast
7006:
7005:
6996:
6995:
6986:
6985:
6976:
6975:
6966:
6965:
6956:
6955:
6946:
6945:
6936:
6935:
6915:
6914:
6905:
6904:
6895:
6894:
6885:
6884:
6875:
6874:
6865:
6864:
6855:
6854:
6845:
6844:
6835:
6834:
6825:
6824:
6815:
6814:
6805:
6804:
6795:
6794:
6785:
6784:
6775:
6774:
6765:
6764:
6757:
6756:
6747:
6746:
6720:
6719:
6702:
6701:
6666:
6665:
6656:
6655:
6646:
6645:
6636:
6635:
6626:
6625:
6581:
6580:
6571:
6570:
6561:
6560:
6551:
6550:
6541:
6540:
6531:
6530:
6521:
6520:
6511:
6510:
6503:Schaffhausen
6501:
6500:
6491:
6490:
6481:
6480:
6471:
6470:
6461:
6460:
6451:
6450:
6441:
6440:
6431:
6430:
6421:
6420:
6411:
6410:
6401:
6400:
6391:
6390:
6381:
6380:
6371:
6370:
6361:
6360:
6351:
6350:
6341:
6340:
6310:
6309:
6300:
6299:
6290:
6289:
6267:
6266:
6257:
6256:
6247:
6246:
6237:
6236:
6227:
6226:
6217:
6216:
6207:
6206:
6197:
6196:
6187:
6186:
6177:
6176:
6167:
6166:
6157:
6156:
6147:
6146:
6137:
6136:
6127:
6126:
6117:
6116:
6107:
6106:
6097:
6096:
6087:
6086:
6077:
6076:
6067:
6066:
6057:
6056:
6047:
6046:
6037:
6036:
6023:
6022:
6013:
6012:
6003:
6002:
5993:
5992:
5983:
5982:
5973:
5972:
5963:
5962:
5953:
5952:
5943:
5942:
5933:
5932:
5910:
5909:
5900:
5899:
5890:
5889:
5867:
5866:
5844:
5843:
5834:
5833:
5824:
5823:
5814:
5813:
5800:
5799:
5790:
5789:
5782:Petrozavodsk
5780:
5779:
5770:
5769:
5760:
5759:
5750:
5749:
5740:
5739:
5730:
5729:
5720:
5719:
5711:
5710:
5709:
5700:
5699:
5690:
5689:
5680:
5679:
5654:, Hesse
5648:
5647:
5638:
5637:
5628:
5627:
5618:
5617:
5608:
5607:
5598:
5597:
5588:
5587:
5578:
5577:
5568:
5567:
5558:
5557:
5548:
5547:
5538:
5537:
5528:
5527:
5518:
5517:
5508:
5507:
5498:
5497:
5475:
5474:
5465:
5464:
5455:
5454:
5428:
5427:
5418:
5417:
5395:
5394:
5385:
5384:
5353:
5352:
5345:Sankt Pölten
5343:
5342:
5333:
5332:
5323:
5322:
5313:
5312:
5309:, Tyrol
5303:
5302:
5293:
5292:
5283:
5282:
5273:
5272:
5239:
5238:
5231:Longyearbyen
5229:
5228:
5204:
5203:
5194:
5193:
5184:
5183:
5174:
5173:
5164:
5163:
5136:
5135:
5132:, Wales
5126:
5125:
5116:
5115:
5106:
5105:
5081:Dependencies
5067:
5066:
5057:
5056:
5047:
5046:
5037:
5036:
5027:
5026:
5005:
4997:
4989:
4981:
4973:
4968:Vatican City
4966:
4963:, Malta
4958:
4950:
4942:
4934:
4926:
4918:
4910:
4902:
4894:
4886:
4883:, Italy
4878:
4870:
4862:
4854:
4846:
4838:
4830:
4822:
4814:
4807:
4799:
4796:, Spain
4791:
4783:
4775:
4767:
4759:
4751:
4743:
4735:
4727:
4719:
4711:
4703:
4695:
4687:
4679:
4671:
4663:
4655:
4647:
4639:
4631:
4623:
4615:
4600:
4591:Capitals of
4499:
4490:Petrozavodsk
4449:
4343:
4200:
4199:
4147:(in Russian)
4124:
4114:
4107:(in Russian)
4099:(in Russian)
4082:
4068:Bibliography
4060:
4053:
4048:
4036:
4032:
4020:
4016:
4004:
3986:
3956:. Retrieved
3946:
3940:(in Turkish)
3925:
3913:. Retrieved
3903:
3891:. Retrieved
3881:
3869:. Retrieved
3867:(in Russian)
3865:delimobil.ru
3864:
3855:
3837:
3819:
3808:
3775:, retrieved
3753:
3743:
3724:
3712:. Retrieved
3707:
3698:
3666:
3659:
3651:
3646:
3638:
3633:
3625:
3620:
3611:
3603:
3598:
3586:. Retrieved
3584:(in Russian)
3581:
3572:
3560:. Retrieved
3545:
3535:
3517:
3511:
3492:
3471:
3454:
3442:. Retrieved
3432:
3421:
3413:
3408:
3400:
3395:
3388:
3383:
3378:. page 37-38
3375:
3374:Wood, Tony.
3370:
3365:, June 1990.
3362:
3358:
3354:
3349:
3341:
3336:
3317:
3293:
3287:
3268:
3263:
3251:. Retrieved
3247:
3226:
3220:(in Russian)
3215:
3206:
3200:(in Russian)
3188:
3179:
3164:
3136:
3111:
3099:. Retrieved
3086:
3074:. Retrieved
3070:
3061:
3052:
3046:(in Russian)
3041:
3034:Russian Post
3033:
3028:
3016:. Retrieved
3011:
3002:
2938:|title=
2917:. Retrieved
2913:the original
2903:
2894:
2882:
2873:
2854:
2791:Zelim Bakaev
2769:, journalist
2751:, pop singer
2643:
2600:, Azerbaijan
2567:
2546:
2537:
2526:Please help
2521:verification
2518:
2319:mm (inches)
1906:
1897:
1880:Sunzha River
1877:
1865:
1838:
1820:
1818:
1806:
1805:In 2018 the
1804:
1792:
1772:
1751:
1743:
1698:
1685:
1681:adding to it
1676:
1660:Akhmat Arena
1631:
1595:
1442:
1416:
1412:
1407:
1404:Krasny Molot
1403:
1400:
1339:
1316:
1281:
1246:
1208:Russian Army
1177:
1170:
1134:Soviet Union
1131:
1114:
1110:
1081:Russian SFSR
1074:
1062:Moshe Gammer
1050:Nazi Germany
1035:
1023:Adolf Hitler
1004:
996:
986:
959:
943:Russian SFSR
916:
907:Terek Oblast
866:Alfred Nobel
804:Sunzha River
793:
780:
778:
775:Russian fort
744:
740:
736:
724:
714:
704:Sunzha River
687:Соьлжа-Гӏала
671:
644:Sunzha River
641:
629:capital city
616:Соьлжа-ГӀала
590:
589:
551:+7 8712
172:Coat of arms
72:Соьлжа-ГӀала
36:
6457:, Vaud
6407:, Jura
6333:Switzerland
6025:Krasnogorsk
5985:Kaliningrad
5935:Arkhangelsk
5846:Yoshkar-Ola
5836:Vladikavkaz
5820:, Komi
5752:Makhachkala
5620:Saarbrücken
5377:Communities
5018:States with
4542:Claimed by
4532:Yoshkar-Ola
4522:Vladikavkaz
4475:Makhachkala
4364:Urus-Martan
4299:Shelkovskoy
4279:Sernovodsky
4264:Nadterechny
4249:Gudermessky
3871:25 February
3777:25 February
3604:Moscow News
3588:25 February
3416:, pp166-171
3253:25 February
3193:RIA Novosti
3076:18 December
2837:Decree #500
2773:Timur Eneev
2767:Timur Aliev
1884:Terek River
1868:Fort Grozny
1861:Ruud Gullit
1821:Delisamokat
1810:car sharing
1642:Visaitovsky
1634:Akhmatovsky
1410:factories.
1269:mass graves
1247:During the
1215:mercenaries
1184: [
1058:John Dunlop
1011:Volga River
964:became the
862:Nobel prize
832:Leo Tolstoy
806:by general
656:1989 census
652:2002 census
648:2021 census
562:96701000001
484:Urban okrug
317: /
7064:Categories
7008:Simferopol
6988:Nakhchivan
6897:Valladolid
6759:Las Palmas
6599:Autonomous
6553:St. Gallen
6413:Frauenfeld
6383:Bellinzona
6357:, Uri
6312:Sevastopol
5869:Naryan-Mar
5802:Simferopol
5682:Cheboksary
5530:Düsseldorf
5457:Banja Luka
5315:Klagenfurt
5285:Eisenstadt
5069:Tskhinvali
4888:San Marino
4785:Luxembourg
4729:Copenhagen
4689:Bratislava
4501:Simferopol
4430:Cheboksary
4244:Groznensky
4072:See also:
4050:Settlement
3915:7 November
3893:7 November
3562:1 November
3403:, pp 62–70
3101:4 February
3018:19 January
2997:Law #12-RZ
2985:Law #44-RZ
2820:References
2568:Grozny is
2562:See also:
2488:Source 2:
2391:(≥ 1.0 mm)
1773:After the
1438:Boeing 747
1311:See also:
1261:combatants
1237:See also:
1196:Azerbaijan
1154:harassment
1138:separatist
1038:population
970:population
935:White Army
923:Bolsheviks
887:oil fields
693:Sölƶa-Ġala
624:Sölƶa-Ġala
450:Capital of
412:Population
368:Government
305:45°41′55″E
302:43°18′45″N
6978:Mariehamn
6847:Santander
6749:Barcelona
6533:Solothurn
6483:Neuchâtel
6363:Appenzell
6269:Yaroslavl
6239:Volgograd
6209:Ulyanovsk
5945:Astrakhan
5912:Stavropol
5892:Krasnodar
5816:Syktyvkar
5692:Cherkessk
5672:Republics
5650:Wiesbaden
5640:Stuttgart
5580:Magdeburg
5305:Innsbruck
5196:St Helier
5186:Gibraltar
5118:Edinburgh
4920:Stockholm
4864:Reykjavík
4848:Podgorica
4769:Ljubljana
4705:Bucharest
4617:Amsterdam
4599:shown in
4507:Syktyvkar
4435:Cherkessk
4410:republics
4354:Kurchaloy
4294:Shatoysky
4289:Sharoysky
4284:Shalinsky
3684:cite book
3676:808059507
3387:Nekrich,
2781:, swimmer
2763:, colonel
2705:, surgeon
2639:, Georgia
2613:, Moldova
2540:June 2015
1874:Geography
1807:Delimobil
1703:and as a
1610:districts
1408:Transmash
1297:ceasefire
1284:guerrilla
1265:civilians
1150:militants
1027:Wehrmacht
1015:Astrakhan
993:Fall Blau
984:in 1936.
812:grapeshot
702:) on the
627:) is the
511:Time zone
443:of Grozny
404:Elevation
6998:Novi Sad
6917:Zaragoza
6887:Valencia
6837:Pamplona
6710:, &
6685:Portugal
6628:Cagliari
6601:entities
6453:Lausanne
6423:Fribourg
6403:Delémont
6318:disputed
6259:Voronezh
6229:Vladimir
6169:Smolensk
6139:Gatchina
6079:Orenburg
6059:Murmansk
6015:Kostroma
5955:Belgorod
5808:disputed
5630:Schwerin
5477:Sarajevo
5420:Brussels
5387:Brussels
5335:Salzburg
5241:Tórshavn
5059:Tiraspol
5039:Pristina
4960:Valletta
4896:Sarajevo
4745:Helsinki
4721:Chișinău
4713:Budapest
4697:Brussels
4665:Belgrade
4517:Ulan-Ude
4406:Capitals
4349:Gudermes
4309:Vedensky
4187:Chechnya
3933:Archived
3845:Archived
3827:Archived
3797:Archived
3708:BBC News
3628:. p151-2
3543:(2007).
3461:Archived
3325:Archived
2929:cite web
2793:, singer
2626:, Turkey
2587:, Turkey
2315:Average
2310:(−24.7)
2305:(−15.9)
2300:(−10.3)
2255:(−23.4)
2250:(−24.7)
2030:(107.6)
2010:(105.3)
2005:(106.5)
2000:(107.6)
1995:(102.4)
1990:(100.6)
1768:Volzhsky
1705:spa town
1293:Khankala
1282:Chechen
1277:air base
1146:expelled
1096:, after
1042:deported
939:Red Army
883:industry
799:крепость
794:fearsome
786:Гро́зная
781:Groznaya
741:Dzhokhar
661:Groznaya
633:Chechnya
346:Chechnya
144:at night
6938:Ajaccio
6867:Seville
6777:Logroño
6722:Funchal
6668:Trieste
6638:Palermo
6473:Lucerne
6463:Liestal
6443:Herisau
6353:Altdorf
6249:Vologda
6159:Saratov
6049:Lipetsk
5975:Ivanovo
5965:Bryansk
5925:Oblasts
5792:Saransk
5772:Nalchik
5722:Izhevsk
5610:Potsdam
5560:Hanover
5550:Hamburg
5520:Dresden
5490:Germany
5410:Regions
5368:Belgium
5275:Bregenz
5265:Austria
5166:Douglas
5138:Belfast
5128:Cardiff
5049:Sukhumi
4999:Yerevan
4983:Vilnius
4936:Tbilisi
4928:Tallinn
4824:Nicosia
4601:italics
4544:Ukraine
4527:Yakutsk
4495:Saransk
4485:Nalchik
4455:Izhevsk
4408:of the
4269:Naursky
4196:Capital
3971:Sources
3958:5 March
3582:rusk.ru
3412:Gammer.
3399:Dunlop.
2919:25 July
2787:, boxer
2637:Tbilisi
2585:Ardahan
2570:twinned
2384:(21.7)
2295:(14.7)
2290:(27.1)
2285:(41.0)
2280:(48.6)
2275:(42.1)
2270:(26.4)
2265:(18.3)
2260:(−2.4)
2240:(44.2)
2235:(27.5)
2230:(34.5)
2225:(45.1)
2220:(56.1)
2215:(64.2)
2210:(64.8)
2205:(60.6)
2200:(52.7)
2195:(42.3)
2190:(33.4)
2185:(25.3)
2180:(24.4)
2170:(52.0)
2165:(32.2)
2160:(40.1)
2155:(52.9)
2150:(65.3)
2145:(74.5)
2140:(75.0)
2135:(70.5)
2130:(62.1)
2125:(51.4)
2120:(40.5)
2115:(30.9)
2110:(29.3)
2100:(62.1)
2095:(38.3)
2090:(47.8)
2085:(63.0)
2080:(77.2)
2075:(87.1)
2070:(87.4)
2065:(82.8)
2060:(73.8)
2055:(63.1)
2050:(50.2)
2045:(38.7)
2040:(36.1)
2025:(68.4)
2020:(74.7)
2015:(90.5)
1985:(92.7)
1980:(91.2)
1975:(72.1)
1970:(60.3)
1894:Climate
1781:Airport
1764:Vologda
1612:. As a
1598:capital
1582:328,533
1571:271,573
1560:210,720
1549:399,688
1538:375,326
1527:341,259
1516:242,068
1508:+143.2%
1505:172,448
1497:+343.1%
1418:Railway
1192:Georgia
1079:of the
1031:Ukraine
974:Cossack
931:Denikin
905:of the
874:British
763:History
729:Chechen
682:Chechen
674:Russian
612:Chechen
599:Грозный
595:Russian
580:grozmer
575:Website
496:Capital
462:Capital
420:297,137
352:Founded
330:Country
49:Грозный
18:Groznyi
7075:Grozny
6968:Karyes
6958:Comrat
6948:Batumi
6877:Toledo
6817:Oviedo
6807:Murcia
6797:Mérida
6787:Madrid
6763:&
6648:Trento
6583:Zurich
6563:Glarus
6513:Schwyz
6493:Sarnen
6433:Geneva
6292:Moscow
6179:Tambov
6149:Samara
6129:Ryazan
6029:Moscow
5995:Kaluga
5762:Maykop
5712:Grozny
5702:Elista
5663:Russia
5600:Munich
5540:Erfurt
5510:Bremen
5500:Berlin
5355:Vienna
5108:London
5007:Zagreb
4991:Warsaw
4975:Vienna
4944:Tirana
4904:Skopje
4856:Prague
4816:Moscow
4809:Monaco
4793:Madrid
4777:London
4761:Lisbon
4737:Dublin
4673:Berlin
4649:Athens
4641:Astana
4633:Ankara
4480:Maykop
4450:Grozny
4440:Elista
4425:Abakan
4414:Russia
4344:Grozny
4201:Grozny
4089:Grozny
3911:. NOAA
3768:
3674:
3667:Grozny
3641:. p151
3553:
3499:
3331:, p.39
3305:
3275:
2861:
2656:Warsaw
2611:Comrat
2572:with:
2478:1,778
2379:(1.3)
2374:(1.4)
2369:(2.0)
2364:(1.9)
2359:(1.9)
2354:(2.1)
2349:(3.3)
2344:(2.6)
2339:(1.7)
2334:(1.3)
2329:(0.9)
2324:(1.1)
1921:Month
1904:Köppen
1827:Sports
1585:+21.0%
1574:+28.9%
1563:−47.3%
1541:+10.0%
1530:+41.0%
1519:+40.4%
1494:70,898
1483:16,000
1330:bazaar
1090:ethnic
989:Maikop
745:Djohar
709:Соьлжа
637:Russia
591:Grozny
540:366000
522:
334:Russia
276:Grozny
243:Grozny
210:Grozny
46:Grozny
6929:Other
6739:Spain
6712:Horta
6658:Aosta
6609:Italy
6543:Stans
6373:Basel
6343:Aarau
6109:Pskov
6099:Penza
6089:Oryol
6039:Kursk
6005:Kirov
5882:Krais
5742:Magas
5732:Kazan
5590:Mainz
5467:Brčko
5430:Namur
5397:Eupen
5222:Other
4952:Vaduz
4912:Sofia
4840:Paris
4801:Minsk
4470:Magas
4465:Kyzyl
4460:Kazan
4359:Shali
4339:Argun
3714:5 May
3444:5 May
3299:32–33
3152:(XLS)
3124:(XLS)
3095:(PDF)
2815:Notes
2624:Sivas
2431:69.8
2308:−31.5
2303:−26.6
2298:−23.5
2258:−19.1
2253:−30.8
2248:−31.5
1960:Year
1843:club
1754:KTM-5
1732:Train
1552:+6.5%
1323:SS-21
1188:]
1013:from
962:okrug
849:город
739:, or
699:гӏала
668:Names
557:OKTMO
516:UTC+3
7037:and
6523:Sion
6393:Chur
6199:Tver
6189:Tula
6027:and
5902:Perm
5570:Kiel
5325:Linz
5295:Graz
4880:Rome
4872:Riga
4832:Oslo
4753:Kyiv
4681:Bern
4657:Baku
4595:and
4125:Time
4116:Time
3960:2022
3917:2021
3895:2021
3873:2022
3779:2022
3766:ISBN
3735:RBTH
3716:2009
3690:link
3672:OCLC
3590:2022
3564:2010
3551:ISBN
3497:ISBN
3446:2009
3303:ISBN
3273:ISBN
3255:2022
3103:2022
3078:2023
3020:2019
2942:help
2921:2018
2859:ISBN
2598:Baku
2490:NOAA
2469:136
2466:186
2463:234
2460:247
2457:242
2454:219
2451:167
2448:104
2428:6.3
2425:5.8
2422:5.9
2419:4.6
2416:5.7
2413:6.2
2410:8.0
2407:7.2
2404:5.1
2401:4.9
2398:5.2
2395:4.9
2293:−9.6
2288:−2.7
2268:−3.1
2263:−7.6
2233:−2.5
2218:13.4
2213:17.9
2208:18.2
2203:15.9
2198:11.5
2183:−3.7
2178:−4.2
2168:11.1
2153:11.6
2148:18.5
2143:23.6
2138:23.9
2133:21.4
2128:16.7
2123:10.8
2113:−0.6
2108:−1.5
2098:16.7
2083:17.2
2078:25.1
2073:30.6
2068:30.8
2063:28.2
2058:23.2
2053:17.3
2048:10.1
2028:42.0
2023:20.2
2018:23.7
2013:32.5
2008:40.7
2003:41.4
1998:42.0
1993:39.1
1988:38.1
1983:33.7
1978:32.9
1973:22.3
1968:15.7
1957:Dec
1954:Nov
1951:Oct
1948:Sep
1945:Aug
1942:Jul
1939:Jun
1936:May
1933:Apr
1930:Mar
1927:Feb
1924:Jan
1719:and
1711:and
1579:2021
1568:2010
1557:2002
1546:1989
1535:1979
1524:1970
1513:1959
1502:1939
1491:1926
1480:1897
1469:Pop.
1465:Year
1434:Hajj
1241:and
1211:tank
1194:and
1156:and
1085:Nakh
1066:NKVD
1060:and
997:See
879:Baku
844:O.S.
791:lit.
712:)".
690:" ("
603:IPA:
391:Area
363:1869
355:1818
162:Flag
57:City
6573:Zug
5826:Ufa
5153:and
4512:Ufa
4412:of
4185:of
4133:BBC
3758:doi
3523:doi
3154:.
3036:).
2530:by
2475:49
2472:68
2445:67
2442:59
2382:550
2283:5.0
2278:9.2
2273:5.6
2238:6.8
2228:1.4
2223:7.3
2193:5.7
2188:0.8
2163:0.1
2158:4.5
2118:4.7
2093:3.5
2088:8.8
2043:3.7
2038:2.3
1907:Dfa
1890:.
1683:.
1289:MVD
1279:.
1223:FSB
1219:KGB
1048:of
1002:).
858:oil
672:In
639:.
631:of
582:.ru
520:MSK
7066::
6706:,
4204:•
4198::
3863:.
3786:^
3764:,
3752:,
3733:.
3706:.
3686:}}
3682:{{
3580:.
3483:^
3301:.
3246:.
3235:^
3218:)
3195:.
3069:.
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2964:^
2950:^
2933::
2931:}}
2927:{{
2842:^
2828:^
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2372:36
2367:51
2362:48
2357:48
2352:53
2347:84
2342:67
2337:43
2332:34
2327:24
2322:29
1859:.
1797:.
1723:.
1648:.
1644:,
1640:,
1636:,
1624:.
1474:±%
1440:.
1186:ru
1168:.
1100:.
1056:,
909:.
864:,
826:,
822:,
789:;
731::
635:,
618:,
614::
610:;
601:,
597::
559:ID
498:of
464:of
136:,
6320:)
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4603:.
4577:e
4570:t
4563:v
4398:e
4391:t
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3962:.
3919:.
3897:.
3875:.
3760::
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3692:)
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3566:.
3529:.
3525::
3505:.
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3311:.
3281:.
3257:.
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3182:.
3130:.
3105:.
3080:.
3040:(
3022:.
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2940:(
2923:.
2867:.
2662:)
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