368:
incapable of supporting the concentration of flows. More specifically, at its mouth, acquired to build the naval factory, the river began to be filled with slag, and once it was filled with waste, the land was consolidated as industrial land, but even today the dumping of waste has not ceased, creating a funnel right at the mouth that endangers the population of
Reinosa. At its source, the ski resort has made a continuous and progressive impact through excavations, piping of the Hijar itself and its tributaries, diversion of channels, drainage, breakage, rock movements. All these uncontrolled and unplanned works are causing serious erosion problems and soil loss, with a great environmental and landscape impact.
669:, competent in the regulation of fishing in the Híjar-Ebro river within the limits of its autonomous jurisdiction, has published the Order DES/77/2010, of December 22, which dictates the rules for the exercise of fishing in inland waters of the Autonomous Community of Cantabria during 2011. For the Ebro basin, it establishes that the fishing period for trout in the section of the Híjar river will be from April 1 to July 31, except for the period from May 15 to July 31 for the sector between the bridge of
296:
364:(Convention on Wetlands of International Importance as Waterfowl Habitat) There are important environmental impacts that threaten the Hijar river, the main ones being its canalization throughout its middle and lower sections, the CANTUR ski resort at its source, the Reinosa industrial estate (SEPES) and the landfills at its mouth. The first major impact that completely changed its physiognomy was its canalization (C.H.E.) in 1986 of the middle and lower course from Riaño to Reinosa.
315:". This name is applied to other Spanish toponyms in Teruel, Granada and Albacete to which Julián Aydillo and Madoz attribute an Arabic etym meaning "rocky height". However, unlike the aforementioned regions, the scarce Muslim penetration in these lands makes this etymology unlikely for this geographical area. Other authors attribute to this voice an archaic Indo-European origin, which would be used to name the fluvial currents or some of their characteristics.
181:
280:
657:
1960 a notarial record was drawn up of the existing uses in order to register the right to the private use of the waters on a transitory basis until 2025. At present, due to the lack of interest on the part of those responsible, especially the Town
Council, there is a serious risk of loss of heritage and abandonment of the richness of the Campoo de Suso irrigation system.
105:
29:
639:
220:, part of its flow filters into the subsoil and, after a subterranean course of just over 800 m, it emerges again in the so-called "Nacimiento del Ebro", in Fontibre (karst upwelling). The rest of the unfiltered water follows its surface course in a W-S-S-E arc until it meets the main flow (now called the Ebro River) in the town of
501:
population, abundant in this sierra until 70 years ago, has dwindled to the point of near extinction due to the relentless persecution of livestock farmers. The banks of the Híjar are frequented by roe deer and true deer, which are now very abundant, although deer were practically non-existent at the beginning of the 20th century.
673:
and Puente Dé, including the tributaries of that section. From Puente Dé to the source, fishing is forbidden all year round. A daily catch quota of 8 specimens per angler is also established, even when the catch is followed by release. The size of the specimens caught may not be less than 19 cm, and
656:
winter resort. It is very remarkable the existence of an important network of mountain irrigation of origin and antiquity little studied. In the mid-twentieth century, in order to adapt it to regulatory developments, the
Statutes of the Virgen del Abra Irrigation Community were formalized and around
691:
On the aforementioned hill, there was a pilgrims' hospital. According to
Nicanor Gutiérrez Lozano, the presence of these establishments served to protect travelers who had to cross the valley from the abuses of unscrupulous nobles, as apparently was Lope Mantilla "el Mozo", owner of a fortification
405:
are frequent inhabitants of these mountain waters, although trout, once abundant, are now scarce, mainly due to the release in the 1960s of rainbow trout, a species that decimated the brown trout and later established itself in calmer waters. Downstream, in the Ebro reservoir, fish typical of deep,
647:
There is evidence that the banks of the Híjar were populated by human societies since no less than 5,000 years ago, as evidenced by the megalithic complex of Los Lagos. In these brañas overlooking the Híjar and dominating the entire valley, burial chambers, dolmens, menhirs and cromlechs have been
500:
mark the eastern limit of the eastern brown bear population, the most endangered in Europe; bear attacks on the beehives of the riverside populations were common until the beginning of the 20th century; however, since the middle of the 20th century, sightings have decreased drastically. The wolf
367:
Two large excavators were used to create two continuous motes by excavating a central channel, reinforced in some areas by breakwaters. This channelization turned the large braided mountain river, which had managed to balance its course on an alluvial soil of loose gravels, into a narrow channel
652:
mid-1990s, a mini-hydroelectric plant (Zamuñón plant) was built in the Peña Aguda section, which is still in operation today, despite the fact that its construction meant a serious disturbance to the ecological balance of the river, already altered by the pollution caused at the source by the
604:, endemism of this mountain range in danger of extinction. Below this level, large deciduous forests are formed where the dominant species are beech and oak, with well-preserved patches of birch and holly, and scattered yews. Approaching 1000 m above sea level, the first poplars and salcedas (
326:" abound - which are "sharp stones". This last option is supported by the fact of the abundance of "sharp stones" through which the river flows, especially at its source, among cliffs and rocks, and by the existence of other toponyms in the area that allude to crags or sharp stones, such as "
651:
But in addition to irrigating the pastures and lands necessary for agriculture and livestock, the Híjar has been used by man to grind cereal, to furl wool, to build furniture, and even to obtain electricity, as the remains of mills, fulling mills and various dams still testify today. In the
551:
The vegetation linked to the Híjar River corresponds mostly to that of the
Cantabrian montane floor (800 - 1600 masl), in a transition zone between the oceanic climate (Eurosiberian forest) and the continental climate. In the Tres Mares cirque, where the river rises, and from 1500 masl, the
648:
found, built by remote pastoral societies that found in this area, abundant in summer pastures, a suitable place for their livestock activities. However, in the area of Riaño, a large number of much earlier objects have been found, from the Lower
Paleolithic.
642:
Course of Híjar river. From
Paracuelles, its course flows through Triassic limestones, most of it sinking underground, to resurface at Fontibre. The S branch, dry in the low water, continues until it joins the main flow (now called the Ebro) at
687:
through the
Somahoz pass, crossing the river at Espinilla, was used by Emperor Charles V after arriving in Spain from Flanders, disembarking at Tazones and going up the valley of the Saja to reach Valladolid and take possession of the
722:
There is an undated poem already quoted in 1942 by
Pacheco, and probably prior to 1935, in which Marcelino de Rábago y Pérez in a very ingenious and elaborate way dedicates himself to the Hijar river:
224:. Thus, curiously, the Híjar, after giving rise to the Ebro River, becomes its tributary. The surface flow may disappear during low water levels, but not the subway flow, which reappears at Fontibre.
334:
are also known as the hazel sticks ending in a sting with which the cows pulling the hay wagons were driven. The first stretch of the river up to
Entrambasaguas runs precisely under the cliffs of "
713:
and Somahoz passes, crossing the river at Espinilla and pocketing part of the Republican contingent, in order to continue the advance towards the sea through the Saja valley.
156:. This was accredited as early as 1862 by Pedro Antonio de Mesa in the first known hydrogeographic survey. This river runs more than 20 km from the headwaters of the
360:. The same area, adding the right bank of the Tres Mares cirque, is catalogued as a Site of Community Importance, within the Natura 2000 Network and included in the
1551:
164:, then receiving the name of "Ebro". The flow of the Hijar River that is not submerged continues along the surface in an easterly direction and joins the Ebro at
212:. Its torrential waters are fed by the Cirezos, Trescanales, Cervalizas, Solana, Muñía, and Merdero streams up to the confluence with the Guares, in the area of
172:
in 1987, after pouring fluorescein into the river, and observing that the same flow filtered by the Híjar was the one that came out dyed in the Fontibre spring.
1513:"Libro de cuentos y relatos ambientados en la Hermandad de Campoo de Suso. La historia y las tradiciones campurrianas vistas, de una forma original"
1270:
1257:
1225:
169:
56:
1307:
674:
the use of natural bait is prohibited. The use of spoons larger than 7 cm in total length and blades longer than 4 cm is also forbidden.
346:
The entire course of the Hijar river from Mazandrero to Reinosa is a Site of Community Interest SCI ES1300013, currently proposed as a
216:. From here, the Villar, Coteruelos and Las Celadas streams join the Híjar. After receiving the water from the latter, after passing
160:, and then part of its flow filters and makes a short subway journey of 800 m, resurfacing along with 4 other springs in the town of
1535:
1496:
1209:
692:
or castle built on the same stone as La Fuentonas de Fontibre, which he offered to travelers to lodge them and later plunder them.
1413:
347:
1349:
157:
670:
240:
1414:"El conjunto megalítico de "Los Lagos": primeros agricultores-ganaderos en el valle de Campoo de Suso (Cantabria)"
1403:
Guide to the Trees and Shrubs of the Iberian Peninsula and Balearic Islands. Ginés A. López González. (In Spanish)
384:
1512:
1473:
1605:
525:
469:
710:
666:
357:
213:
1436:
1374:
600:
554:
418:
560:
618:
537:
256:
252:
217:
1454:
588:
248:
545:
485:
465:
268:
228:
205:
683:
The variant of the Roman road between Herrera de Pisuerga (Pisorica) and the coast that crosses the
696:
426:
414:
392:
264:
244:
236:
1545:
606:
529:
284:
168:, a few kilometers downstream. This fact was scientifically demonstrated by technicians from the
1126:
705:
552:
predominant vegetation is alpine grassland and scrub, with grass and herbaceous species such as
473:
352:
295:
1531:
1492:
1303:
1205:
700:
541:
395:
in the Ebro basin in the mid-twentieth century decimated its population until it disappeared.
361:
350:(SAC). The entire left bank, from the source to Entrambasaguas, and up to the boundary of the
1589:
387:) was relatively abundant, especially in some of the tributaries, until the crayfish plague (
627:
521:
509:
422:
594:
461:
450:
388:
571:
517:
434:
232:
185:
96:
1599:
1131:
612:
582:
402:
1200:
del Pozo Gómez, Miguel (2001). "¿Un nacimiento doble para un mismo río? El Ebro.".
709:. On August 16, 1937 the 1st Navarre Brigade broke the Republican line through the
505:
489:
446:
442:
380:
180:
653:
454:
438:
430:
398:
383:
and other insects typical of cold, well-oxygenated waters. The native crayfish (
279:
209:
197:
1204:(in Spanish). Madrid: Instituto Geológico y Minero de España. pp. 70–84.
1155:(in Spanish). Vol. 10. Academia de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales.
42:
1337:
71:
58:
533:
513:
410:
372:
287:. From this point, the water begins to seep into the subsoil to reappear in
201:
120:
1153:
El glaciarismo cuaternario en las montañas de Reinosa. Memorias de la Real
184:
The Tres Mares Cirque, source of the Híjar - Ebro. In the background, the
300:
288:
260:
161:
548:
capercaillie still conserves some roosts in the beech forests of Híjar.
28:
576:
566:
221:
165:
1361:
638:
376:
193:
1382:
1256:
IGN maps, sheets 83 Tudanca and 108 Matamorosa, series MTN25 of the
1437:"Cuaderno Nº 2. La arqueología prehistórica en el valle de Campoo"
493:
481:
149:
110:
1121:
304:
227:
Until it reaches Reinosa, the Híjar passes through the towns of
153:
1583:
1487:
Muñiz Castro, Juan Antonio; Iglesias Gil, José Manuel (1992).
610:) appear, which together with species such as the common oak (
1166:
Pardo, Lorenzo M. (1931). "La conquista del Ebro. Zaragoza".
208:
and the base of Cuchillón, in the vicinity of the village of
1590:
Topics related to the natural environment of the Híjar river
1565:
Suárez Fernández, Luis; Ruiz Manjón-Cabeza, Octavio (1981).
1322:
1338:
Cartographic viewer of the Ebro Hydrographic Confederation
1569:(in Spanish). Vol. 13 (2nd ed.). Madrid: Rialp.
1302:(in Spanish). Real Academia de la Historia. p. 292.
630:, accompany the river throughout its Cantabrian course.
311:
There is no certainty about the origin of the hydronym "
1202:
Aguas subterráneas, paisaje y vida: acuíferos de España
318:
Another alternative would be to derive this word from "
1285:
Pueblos y apellidos de España: Diccionario etimológico
1375:"Sierra del Cordel y cabeceras del Nansa y del Saja"
1151:Hernández-Pacheco de la Cuesta., Francisco (1944).
130:
126:
116:
95:
87:
48:
38:
21:
1530:(in Spanish). Vol. 6. Hidalguia. p. 51.
1472:Madiedo Acosta, José Antonio (January 13, 2010).
1224:IGN maps, sheet 83 Tudanca, series MTN25 of the
49:
975:
728:
192:The Híjar rises in the Pidruecos basin, in the
1004:but it is insufficient for what I want to be.
91:Pidruecos Basin, in the Pico Tres Mares Cirque
1526:González Echegaray, María del Carmen (1999).
8:
460:In the group of mammals, we can mention the
1362:Virtual encyclopedia of Spanish vertebrates
1550:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1096:Written for those who know the geography,
1034:I say to her: "As you are in the Collugu",
18:
1098:topography and the names of the country,
1491:(in Spanish). Universidad de Cantabria.
1489:Las Comunicaciones en la Cantabria Roman
1269:GIS viewer and longitude meter Iberpix,
1238:"Confederación Hidrográfica del Duero".
1060:and I am already in front of Escontriz;
637:
544:. In critical danger of extinction, the
294:
278:
179:
170:Geological and Mining Institute of Spain
1181:"Confederación Hidrográfica del Ebro".
1143:
1100:whose author was the venerable old man
1543:
1350:Templar bear attacks beehives in Suano
1104:native of Entrambasaguas de La Lomba,
994:you are nothing, you are very little;
371:Among the invertebrates are abundant
7:
1240:Confederación Hidrográfica del Duero
986:I came face to face with the stream
848:la digo: “Como estás en el Collugu”,
259:, and now under the name of "Ebro",
1283:Aydillo San Martín, Julián (2006).
1183:Confederación Hidrográfica del Ebro
1024:I have already arrived at Collugu,
998:From El Vau I went down to Cirezos;
574:, as well as woody species such as
1435:Gutiérrez Morillo, Alonso (2003).
1298:Peralta Labrador, Eduardo (2003).
1078:that tells me: "Stop for a while,
1048:Already arrived at La Barcenilla;
14:
1287:(in Spanish). Club Universitario.
1102:Don Marcelino de Rábago y Pérez,
1032:that descends from Peñalrrostru;
732:El Parlar del río mater de Campoo
634:Relationship with the human being
358:Special Protection Area for birds
271:, having traveled 28 kilometers.
202:Autonomous Community of Cantabria
1567:La segunda República y la guerra
1515:(in Spanish). November 19, 2008.
1474:"Carlos V desembarcó en Tazones"
1084:the Híjer you shall be called".
1068:and upon arriving at Puente De,
1002:something increases my current,
598:. At this level we can find the
103:
27:
1106:Brotherhood of Campoo de Suso.
129:
1455:"Boletín Oficial de Cantabria"
1070:as I enter through the washer
1066:my fury is already unleashed,
1026:and, with courageous impulse,
900:y ya estoy frente a Escontriz;
744:fui descendiendo hasta el Vau,
152:whose waters give rise to the
1:
1271:Instituto Geográfico Nacional
1258:Instituto Geográfico Nacional
1226:Instituto Geográfico Nacional
1074:with an extraordinary noise,
1056:somewhat increasing my flow.
1008:not a bad stream did I find;
992:and I told him: "Away, away,
990:face to face I looked at him
988:coming down from Piedrahíta,
982:I went through Los Terreros,
868:es que estoy tomando alientos
391:introduced by the release of
176:Route to Fontibre and Reinosa
37:
1584:C.H. del Cantábrico Homepage
1459:Boletín Oficial de Cantabria
1381:(in Spanish). Archived from
1062:from there, already plunged
1022:that I have as a great one.
928:con un ruido extraordinario,
772:Desde el Vau bajé a Cirezos;
348:Special Area of Conservation
134:1,850 metres (6,070 ft)
33:Híjar River, La Lancha well.
1300:Los cántabros antes de Roma
1064:in a torrential waterfall,
1046:for a greater undertaking.
1036:here I join you in my yugu
1020:already admire my prestige
996:come to me, I am Calgosa”.
948:el Híjer te has de llamar”.
936:que me dice: “Para un poco,
896:Recorro unos cuantos metros
836:en mi se estrella de frente
303:, already with the name of
299:Resurgence of the Híjar in
204:, between the east face of
1622:
1325:Real Academia de la Lengua
1082:from now on, and forever,
1080:I'm going to baptize you;
1050:the waters of Gustalcabu,
1044:for I am taking my breath
1042:I rest for a few moments;
1040:In the well of the Cintos
1038:and you will not escape".
1030:from Urbaneja the channel
1028:on me it crashes headlong
1016:Rolling along the Culeru,
1006:From Cirezos to Saldoriu,
944:desde ahora, para siempre,
796:ni un mal arroyo encontré;
788:para lo que yo quiero ser.
780:algo aumenta mi corriente,
768:ven a mí, yo soy Calgosa”.
406:calm waters are abundant.
1012:the water of the Concías
924:de aquel peñón milenario,
920:al entrar por la arandela
876:Ya llegó a la Barcenilla;
844:que de Peñalrrostru baja;
828:He llegado ya al Collugu,
776:se me incorpora La Riega,
760:y le dije: “Quita, quita,
748:me enfrenté con el arroyo
476:present in the cliffs of
409:Reptiles and amphibians:
385:Austropotamobius pallipes
283:The Híjar, after passing
26:
1072:of that millenary rock,
964:¿Qué no está bien hecha?
916:y al llegar a Puente De,
904:desde allí, ya despeñado
892:algo aumentan mi caudal.
880:las aguas de Gustalcabu,
864:reposo yo unos momentos;
860:En el pozo de los Cintos
832:y, con impulso valiente,
824:que tengo de gran señor.
820:admiran ya mi prestancia
671:Celada de los Calderones
504:Other birds include the
470:european free-tailed bat
241:Celada de los Calderones
1170:(in Spanish). Zaragoza.
1094:Do it better yourself!
1076:I hear a secular voice
984:I went down to El Vau,
980:I was born in Calgosa,
956:¿Qué a ti no te gusta?,
872:para una empresa mayor.
852:aquí te unzo en mi yugu
816:arroyos sin importancia
808:a mi fondo fue a parar.
792:De Cirezos al Saldoriu,
752:que baja de Piedrahíta,
703:) the front was in the
667:Government of Cantabria
148:is a river in northern
16:River in northern Spain
1109:
1058:I travel a few meters
1052:of Torneru and Acebal
972:
940:que te voy a bautizar;
912:mi furia ya se desata,
856:y ya no te escaparás”.
812:Rodando por el Culeru,
804:el agua de las Concías
764:tú eres muy poca cosa;
740:pasé por los Terreros,
644:
555:Helianthemum apenninum
419:Iberian emerald lizard
308:
292:
189:
72:43.041483°N 4.391544°W
1168:AbeBooks Seller Since
1092:Is it not well done?
908:en torrente catarata,
641:
619:Fraxinus angustifolia
496:. The valleys of the
298:
282:
183:
1528:Escudos de Cantabria
1088:You don't like it?,
1018:unimportant streams
932:oigo una voz secular
884:del Torneru y Acebal
840:de Urbaneja la canal
784:pero es insuficiente
601:Androsace cantabrica
466:eurasian water shrew
77:43.041483; -4.391544
1441:Cuadernos de Campoo
1014:to my bottom went.
1000:La Riega joins me,
756:cara a cara le miré
697:Battle of Santander
561:Genista legionensis
427:Iberian wall lizard
356:is classified as a
322:", or place where "
68: /
1323:Dictionary of the
1090:I don't care, no.
960:No me importa, no.
645:
607:Salix breviserrata
423:common wall lizard
309:
293:
190:
1309:978-84-89512-59-7
1246:. Zaragoza. 1928.
1189:. Zaragoza. 1928.
1113:
1112:
451:common salamander
393:American crayfish
362:Ramsar Convention
338:" (sharp stone).
138:
137:
131:Surface elevation
1613:
1571:
1570:
1562:
1556:
1555:
1549:
1541:
1523:
1517:
1516:
1509:
1503:
1502:
1484:
1478:
1477:
1469:
1463:
1462:
1451:
1445:
1444:
1432:
1426:
1425:
1423:
1421:
1410:
1404:
1401:
1395:
1394:
1392:
1390:
1385:on June 27, 2012
1371:
1365:
1359:
1353:
1347:
1341:
1335:
1329:
1320:
1314:
1313:
1295:
1289:
1288:
1280:
1274:
1267:
1261:
1254:
1248:
1247:
1235:
1229:
1222:
1216:
1215:
1197:
1191:
1190:
1178:
1172:
1171:
1163:
1157:
1156:
1148:
968:¡Hazlo tu mejor!
736:Nací en Calgosa,
725:
724:
711:Sel de la Fuente
589:Ulex cantabricus
522:Egyptian vulture
510:peregrine falcon
415:bedriaga's skink
109:
107:
106:
83:
82:
80:
79:
78:
73:
69:
66:
65:
64:
61:
51:
31:
19:
1621:
1620:
1616:
1615:
1614:
1612:
1611:
1610:
1606:Rivers of Spain
1596:
1595:
1580:
1575:
1574:
1564:
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1559:
1542:
1538:
1525:
1524:
1520:
1511:
1510:
1506:
1499:
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1471:
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1448:
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1398:
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1360:
1356:
1348:
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1336:
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1321:
1317:
1310:
1297:
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1281:
1277:
1268:
1264:
1255:
1251:
1237:
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1232:
1223:
1219:
1212:
1199:
1198:
1194:
1180:
1179:
1175:
1165:
1164:
1160:
1150:
1149:
1145:
1140:
1127:Sierra de Híjar
1118:
1108:
1105:
1103:
1101:
1099:
1097:
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1093:
1091:
1089:
1087:
1085:
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1081:
1079:
1077:
1075:
1073:
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1069:
1067:
1065:
1063:
1061:
1059:
1057:
1055:
1053:
1051:
1049:
1047:
1045:
1043:
1041:
1039:
1037:
1035:
1033:
1031:
1029:
1027:
1025:
1023:
1021:
1019:
1017:
1015:
1013:
1011:
1010:and in Brañías
1009:
1007:
1005:
1003:
1001:
999:
997:
995:
993:
991:
989:
987:
985:
983:
981:
979:
971:
965:
961:
957:
953:
949:
945:
941:
937:
933:
929:
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624:Acer campestris
595:genista florida
570:(endemic), and
526:griffon vulture
498:Sierra de Híjar
474:daubenton’s bat
381:water scorpions
353:Sierra de Híjar
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1420:December 13,
1418:. Retrieved
1416:(in Spanish)
1408:
1399:
1389:September 7,
1387:. Retrieved
1383:the original
1379:lifeurogallo
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978:Translation:
977:
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478:Piedra Aguda
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459:
447:marbled newt
443:palmate newt
408:
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336:Piedra Aguda
335:
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191:
145:
141:
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88:Part of
654:Alto Campoo
455:common toad
439:Alpine newt
431:Grass snake
399:Brook trout
342:Environment
285:Paracuelles
257:Villacantid
253:Paracuelles
218:Paracuelles
198:Alto Campoo
142:Híjar river
75: /
50:Coordinates
22:Híjar river
1138:References
1132:Peña Labra
622:), maple (
542:kingfisher
492:, and the
464:, and the
328:Cueto Iján
305:Ebro river
210:Brañavieja
154:Ebro River
60:43°02′29″N
1546:cite book
1054:reach me,
701:Civil War
534:tawny owl
530:eagle-owl
514:Accipiter
411:slow worm
373:caddisfly
275:Etymology
249:Espinilla
146:The Híjar
121:Cantabria
63:4°23′30″W
1600:Category
1116:See also
643:Reinosa.
616:), ash (
472:and the
377:mayflies
301:Fontibre
289:Fontibre
269:Nestares
261:Fontibre
229:La Lomba
162:Fontibre
39:Location
718:Culture
695:In the
626:), and
577:juniper
567:Festuca
546:western
518:buzzard
332:Aijadas
222:Reinosa
166:Reinosa
1534:
1495:
1306:
1208:
688:crown.
538:dipper
490:weasel
488:, the
486:marten
484:, the
480:, the
468:, the
453:, and
433:, and
324:guijos
320:guijar
265:Salces
255:, and
245:Naveda
237:Villar
108:
583:erica
494:stoat
482:otter
313:híjar
214:Riaño
150:Spain
111:Spain
97:Basin
1552:link
1532:ISBN
1493:ISBN
1422:2009
1391:2012
1304:ISBN
1206:ISBN
1122:Ebro
665:The
592:and
540:and
425:and
401:and
267:and
140:The
43:Ebro
952:...
330:".
196:of
144:or
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188:.
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