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122:, banana or cabbage leaves, or aluminium foil. The meat basket is placed in the bottom of the pit, with the vegetable basket placed on top. If seafood is included, it is placed on top of the vegetable basket. Wet sacks or cloth are placed on top of the baskets, and the whole pit is covered with earth. The hāngī takes approximately 2.5 to 4 hours to cook. A person supervises the hāngī while it cooks, covering up any escaping steam with earth.
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115:, on top. The logs are lit and is left to burn for 3 to 4 hours, heating the rocks to 600–700 °C (1,100–1,300 °F). Once the fire has burned down, the hot embers and most of the ash is removed. Alternatively, the fire is built separately and the hāngī pit is dug while the fire is burning, with the hot rocks transferred to the pit after heating.
80:
To "lay a hāngī" or "put down a hāngī" involves digging a pit in the ground, heating stones in the pit with a large fire, placing baskets of food on top of the stones, and covering everything with earth for several hours before uncovering (or lifting) the hāngī. Hāngī experts have developed and
191:
was its large size compared to a normal earth oven. The long, carrot-shaped tap root was cooked in a large, stone-lined pit for between one and two days. The result was a fibrous mass of sweet pulp with a bitter aftertaste. This was a common east
Polynesian practice in the
141:
Prior to colonisation and the introduction of metals and wire, food was laid between bark, large leaves and other vegetation. Wire baskets became widely used in the early 19th century, with sacking and cloth replacing leaves and bark as the covering of choice.
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Once the hāngī is cooked, the earth is carefully removed from the top of the pit, followed by the sacks or cloth. The baskets are lifted out of the pit, and the food taken to the kitchen for carving and serving.
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In the early 21st century, gas-heated stainless-steel "hāngī machines" are sometimes used to replicate the style of cooking without the need for a wood fire, rocks and a pit.
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72:. It is still used for large groups on special occasions, as it allows large quantities of food to be cooked without the need for commercial cooking appliances.
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A hāngī pit is dug to a depth of between 50–100 cm (20–40 in), sufficient to hold the rocks and two stacked baskets of food. Logs, usually
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320:"He whakatairanga i ngā ahuatanga mahi mō te tunu hāngi: Food safety practices in preparing and cooking a hāngi"
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He whakatairanga i ngā ahuatanga mahi mō te tunu hāngi = Food safety practices in preparing and cooking a hāngi
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improved methods that have often, like the stones themselves, been handed down for generations.
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Common foods cooked in a hāngī are meats such as lamb, pork, chicken and seafood (
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Meanwhile, the food is prepared and placed in wire baskets lined with either
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from about 1280 shows a significant number of large cooking pits or
467:"The New Zealand Maori Hangi: Foods, Preparations and Methods Used"
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shows that most of these pits were used only once or twice.
388:. New Zealand. Ministry for Primary Industries. 2013.
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method of cooking food using heated rocks buried in a
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416:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
96:(oca), pumpkin, squash, taro and cabbage.
473:. Epuro Hands International Limited. 2005
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520:The Journal of the Polynesian Society
461:
459:
439:"Māori hāngī | 100% Pure New Zealand"
160:settler sites in New Zealand such as
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33:Raw meat and vegetables for the hāngī
16:Traditional Māori food cooking method
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292:Satyanand, Anand (17 January 2010).
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318:Industries, Ministry for Primary.
88:), and vegetables such as potato,
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187:The distinguishing feature of an
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273:. Te Aka Online Māori Dictionary
975:Indirect grilling/Plank cooking
1:
204:have also been found in the
178:or various other species of
172:which were designed to cook
817:Bain-marie (Double boiling)
549:Home-cooked Hangi in the UK
493:"About the MultiKai Cooker"
200:, and the remains of large
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1103:List of cooking appliances
595:List of cooking techniques
514:Knight, Hardwicke (1966).
294:"Hangi for Prince William"
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592:
1222:Māori words and phrases
1108:List of cooking vessels
678:Grilling (charbroiling)
324:New Zealand Food Safety
683:Roasting (traditional)
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42:
34:
26:
471:Genuine Maori Cuisine
420:) CS1 maint: others (
352:"Make your own hāngī"
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32:
24:
495:. Multi KC Ltd. 2011
298:The Governor-General
25:Putting down a hāngī
1212:New Zealand cuisine
208:. Investigation in
57:) is a traditional
980:Stir frying (chao)
443:www.newzealand.com
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133:Around a hāngī at
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1123:Food preservation
1047:Burying in ground
940:Carryover cooking
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647:Roasting (modern)
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54:[ˈhaːŋiː]
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989:Device-based
933:Mixed medium
786:Slow cooking
616:Dry roasting
528:. Retrieved
526:(3): 332–347
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194:Cook Islands
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68:, called an
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41:Hāngī dinner
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1188:WikiProject
1128:Food safety
1016:Slow cooker
1001:Microwaving
894:Stir frying
879:Deep frying
673:Charbroiler
247:Rosvopaisti
59:New Zealand
1217:Earth oven
1201:Categories
1062:Fermenting
996:Air frying
945:Barbecuing
884:Pan frying
864:Blackening
791:Smothering
735:Parboiling
688:Rotisserie
635:Convection
609:Conduction
587:techniques
530:9 November
329:9 November
303:9 November
277:9 November
253:References
242:Pachamanca
162:Wairau Bar
970:Fricassee
960:Deglazing
852:High heat
845:Fat-based
822:Sous-vide
781:Simmering
745:Reduction
730:Decoction
720:Blanching
713:High heat
666:Radiation
499:2 October
477:2 October
412:cite book
404:891789073
222:Clam bake
181:Cordyline
135:Te Whaiti
1180:Cookbook
1164:Category
1096:See also
1072:Pickling
1030:Non-heat
950:Braising
920:Sweating
908:Low heat
899:Sautéing
869:Browning
832:Steaming
796:Steeping
776:Poaching
771:Infusion
766:Creaming
761:Coddling
754:Low heat
740:Shocking
693:Toasting
657:Barbecue
516:"Umu-ti"
216:See also
175:tī kōuka
109:andesite
86:kaimoana
66:pit oven
1172:Commons
1087:Souring
1082:Salting
1067:Juicing
1042:Brining
859:Basting
801:Stewing
725:Boiling
652:Smoking
626:Searing
585:Cooking
227:Curanto
137:in 1930
76:Process
1057:Drying
1052:Curing
965:Flambé
874:Frying
642:Baking
402:
392:
189:umu-tī
151:umu-tī
149:Early
113:basalt
105:kānuka
101:mānuka
90:kūmara
50:Māori:
1077:Purée
1037:Aging
448:4 May
361:4 May
267:"umu"
232:Kālua
210:Otago
62:Māori
46:Hāngī
532:2018
501:2012
479:2012
450:2021
422:link
418:link
400:OCLC
390:ISBN
363:2021
331:2018
305:2018
279:2018
237:Lovo
196:and
120:puka
94:yams
706:Wet
602:Dry
202:umu
184:.
170:umu
111:or
103:or
70:umu
1203::
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48:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
