212:
1026:
284:
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886:
315:
in gear engineering as demonstrated in
Merritt's work in which he suggested that the highest practical number of teeth on a gear was 127, also the largest factor of the "useful" numbers tabulated by Merritt whose table was composed of "a list of all fractions with numerator and denominator no greater
262:
on the spot by rotating its tracks in opposite directions. The greater manoeuvrability provided by
Merritt's invention made British tanks more suited to the faster pace of warfare seen in the early Second World War in France and Poland which contrasted with the more static trench warfare of the First
143:
in 1939 and continuing into the 1980s. It allowed a tracked vehicle to change direction while on the move with less loss of power than under other steering systems, and to perform a neutral turn on the spot by rotating its tracks in opposite directions. Merritt's invention suited the faster pace of
274:
that allowed more torque to be transmitted through the box, as well as the mechanism for their
Slimline torque wrench, launched in 1963, and so called because the whole mechanism was contained within the body of the wrench unlike its predecessors which had external, break-back mechanisms. The firm
373:, Brocot, and Merritt, but observed uneasily that the power of the electronic computer had "put the gearmakers out of work" as all practical combinations in a gear train could now be calculated in seconds using brute-force techniques so that it was "hardly worth the bother of being clever".
166:
found sophisticated mathematical concepts in use in the field and, for him, a surprising degree of interchange between mathematics and mechanics. By 2000, many of the problems that
Merritt had wrestled with had been solved through the application of brute-force calculations by computers.
258:, incorporating his Merritt-Brown triple differential tank transmission (1939) which allowed a tracked vehicle to have continuously variable steering and mitigated the loss of power found when changing direction using other systems. The system also allowed a tank to perform a
327:
wrote on the subject in 1808. It was a field in which "the physicist has so far played little part" and in which the practitioner "gropes dimly in the fog" relying mostly on empirical methods supplemented by elementary
336:
in 1954, knowledge had moved on somewhat but
Merritt was obliged to admit that empiricism still ruled and that "the behaviour of mating tooth surfaces and their lubricant still awaits a full understanding."
319:
Despite being a leading figure in his field and producing works of great erudition, Merritt was at pains to stress the imperfect nature of gear engineering, writing in the first edition of
136:
103:
144:
tank warfare of the Second World War, which contrasted with the more static trench warfare of the First World War, for which earlier generations of
British tanks had been optimised.
444:
425:
352:
for combining strong practical and theoretical content, so allowing
American engineers to access European gear techniques that were "used or are respected throughout the world".
1100:
1070:
162:
He complained that gearing was a field dominated by empiricism in which science had so far played little role, so that it had hardly progressed in 150 years, but
263:
World War for which inter-war
British tanks had been optimised. His design was used in several generations of post-war British tanks, the last of which was the
693:
1095:
128:
332:
and algebra that tended to give a deceptive authority to what was often little more than educated guesswork. By the time of the third edition of
852:
400:
1065:
675:
627:
1080:
795:
661:
393:
231:
as a research engineer, and subsequently became their chief engineer. In 1937 he was appointed
Superintendent of Design (Tanks) at the
220:
369:
in 2000, Brian Hayes paid tribute to the surprising amount of interchange between mathematics and mechanics evident in the work of
360:
Merritt died in
Huddersfield, West Yorkshire, on 28 March 1974. Records relating to him are held by the British National Archives.
254:
While he was at Woolwich, Merritt revised the design of the A20 prototype tank to become the A22 which went into production as the
993:
370:
211:
1090:
782:
244:
481:
Gear Trains: Including a Brocot table of decimal equivalents and a table of factors of all useful numbers up to 200,000
596:
200:
930:
180:
72:
845:
349:
1039:
642:
1085:
1001:
304:
163:
1105:
1029:
838:
647:
383:
312:
259:
155:(1947), which included a Brocot table derived from the work of the French clockmaker and mathematician
1075:
1060:
179:, London, on 20 May 1899, to Henry Merritt, a harness-maker, and his wife Jemima. He was educated at
82:
767:. Third edition, 1962 reprint. London: Isaac Pitman. Preface and reprinted preface to first edition.
389:
132:
716:
820:
750:
365:
324:
239:. He returned to David Brown in 1940. From 1945 he was a manager in the agricultural division of
236:
188:
199:
from 1915 to 1920. He then took a BSc degree in engineering and became an assistant lecturer at
806:
671:
623:
728:
705:
665:
617:
203:
from 1920 to 1924. He received his DSc in engineering from the University of London in 1927.
900:
719:
Environmental Engineering, 1 December 2016. Retrieved from thefreelibrary.com 27 March 2020.
505:
264:
228:
945:
875:
192:
139:
that provided greater manoeuvrability to a generation of British tanks, starting with the
559:
275:
continued to produce wrenches derived from Merritt's innovation for decades afterwards.
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156:
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451:
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651:, No. 1 (September 1988), pp. 46-48. Retrieved from Internet Archive 18 April 2020.
329:
300:
248:
60:
619:
Images of War Special: The Centurion Tank. Rare Photographs from Wartime Archives
977:
696:
Tom Shelley, Eureka, 6 November 2003. Retrieved from archive.org 27 March 2020.
1011:
531:
545:
Henry Edward Merritt England and Wales Birth Registration Index, 1837–2008.
283:
885:
560:
Henry Edward Merritt England and Wales Death Registration Index 1837–2007.
176:
41:
745:
920:
910:
940:
905:
282:
210:
196:
477:. Isaac Pitman, London, 1942. (Revised 1943, 2nd 1946, 3rd 1954)
151:(1942), which received three editions, and its companion volume
834:
830:
599:
in Roland C. Bellamy & Cyrus Andrews et al. (Eds.) (1953)
291:
Merritt wrote a number of books, including the standard texts
235:, Woolwich, and was later Director of Design (Tanks) for the
807:
Tank transmission and steering mechanism. Dr. H. E. Merritt.
147:
He wrote a number of books, including the standard texts
456:
Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers
445:
Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers
426:
Proceedings of the Institution of Automobile Engineers
363:
Writing about Merritt's 1947 book on gear trains for
535:. Research Report. Retrieved from HAL 12 March 2020.
986:
970:
954:
893:
868:
137:
Merritt–Brown triple differential tank transmission
104:
Merritt–Brown triple differential tank transmission
96:
88:
78:
68:
49:
30:
23:
532:A reconstruction of Merritt's Brocot table (1947)
131:(20 May 1899 – 28 March 1974) was a British
270:Merritt also designed the epicyclic gearbox for
754:, Vol. 88, No. 4 (July–Aug. 2000), pp. 296–300.
809:The National Archives. Retrieved 5 March 2020.
846:
575:Henry Merritt England and Wales Census, 1911.
469:Text Book of Machine Construction and Drawing
458:, Vol. 176, No. 1 (1 June 1962), pp. 141–163.
243:and from 1949, chief research officer at the
8:
670:. New Vanguard. Oxford: Osprey. p. 11.
746:"Computing Science: On the Teeth of Wheels"
495:. Institution of Automobile Engineers, n.d.
382:Member of the Order of the British Empire (
348:, which was praised by Paul M. Dean Jr. of
316:than 100, ordered according to magnitude."
1101:Academics of the University of East London
1071:Members of the Order of the British Empire
853:
839:
831:
323:in 1942 that it had hardly advanced since
20:
622:. Barnsley: Pen & Sword. p. 72.
440:"Gear-tooth Stresses and Rating Formulae"
219:was the first production tank to use the
741:
739:
689:
687:
643:"Differentials, The Theory and Practice"
577:Family Search. Retrieved 5 March 2020.
562:Family Search. Retrieved 5 March 2020.
547:Family Search. Retrieved 5 March 2020.
517:
303:of "all useful numbers up to 200,000".
611:
609:
525:
523:
521:
401:Worshipful Company of Spectacle Makers
592:
590:
588:
586:
307:has commented on the significance of
7:
1035:
824:, No. 36312 (4 January 1944), p. 67.
733:, Vol. 2, No. 3 (March 1949), p. 49.
394:Institution of Mechanical Engineers
299:(1947), the later work including a
1096:Alumni of the University of London
471:. Bell, 1922. (With Maurice Platt)
350:Mechanical Technology Incorporated
14:
221:Merritt-Brown triple differential
1034:
1025:
1024:
884:
429:, Vol. 20 (1926), No. 2, p. 575.
295:(1942) and its companion volume
796:1974 Probate Calendar, p. 6093.
601:Who's Who in the Motor Industry
452:"Gear-Tooth Contact Phenomena"
1:
776:"Book Reviews H. E. Merritt:
603:. Grimsby: Roland C. Bellamy.
489:. Isaac Pitman, London, 1971.
483:. Isaac Pitman, London, 1947.
405:Freeman of the City of London
1066:English mechanical engineers
786:, Vol. 3 (1973) pp. 126–127.
783:Mechanism and Machine Theory
694:Epicyclics take more torque.
245:British Transport Commission
1081:English non-fiction writers
16:English mechanical engineer
1122:
493:The Scope of Gear Research
340:In 1971 Merritt published
201:West Ham Municipal College
175:Henry Merritt was born in
1020:
882:
730:Applied Mechanics Reviews
448:, Vol. 166 (1952), No. 1.
181:Leyton County High School
73:Leyton County High School
63:, West Yorkshire, England
227:In 1935, Merritt joined
780:." Paul M. Dean Jr. in
667:Churchill Infantry Tank
597:"MERRITT, Henry Edward"
579:(subscription required)
564:(subscription required)
549:(subscription required)
432:"Gear Performance II",
287:Example of a gear train
185:Erith Technical College
763:Merritt, H. E. (1954)
529:Roegel, Denis. (2011)
288:
247:. From 1949 he was at
224:
894:Subsidiaries / brands
818:Fourth Supplement to
717:The norbar evolution.
648:Constructor Quarterly
410:Selected publications
384:1944 New Year Honours
286:
214:
1091:People from West Ham
126:Henry Edward Merritt
83:University of London
35:Henry Edward Merritt
645:, Phillip Edwards,
616:Ware, Pat. (2012).
390:James Clayton Prize
344:, the follow-up to
133:mechanical engineer
92:Mechanical engineer
821:The London Gazette
751:American Scientist
421:"Automobile Gears"
366:American Scientist
325:Robertson Buchanan
289:
237:Ministry of Supply
225:
189:premium apprentice
187:before becoming a
1048:
1047:
1002:William G. Rootes
994:William E. Rootes
677:978-1-4728-3732-5
629:978-1-78159-011-9
399:Liveryman of the
135:who invented the
123:
122:
44:, London, England
1113:
1038:
1037:
1028:
1027:
998:
901:Rootes Australia
888:
855:
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798:
793:
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778:Gear Engineering
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581:
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572:
566:
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557:
551:
550:
542:
536:
527:
506:Earle Buckingham
487:Gear Engineering
356:Death and legacy
342:Gear Engineering
56:
21:
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1120:
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889:
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876:Chrysler Europe
864:
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748:, Brian Hayes,
744:
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662:Fletcher, David
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193:Vickers Limited
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79:Alma mater
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157:Achille Brocot
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97:Known for
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57:(aged 74)
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1007:H. E. Merritt
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706:Ware, p. 118.
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309:number theory
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241:Morris Motors
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233:Royal Arsenal
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53:28 March 1974
52:
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25:H. E. Merritt
22:
19:
1106:Rootes Group
1006:
962:Rootes Arrow
862:Rootes Group
819:
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777:
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333:
330:trigonometry
320:
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301:Brocot table
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292:
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269:
260:neutral turn
253:
249:Rootes Group
226:
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125:
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114:
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61:Huddersfield
55:(1974-03-28)
18:
1076:1974 deaths
1061:1899 births
978:Ryton plant
305:Brian Hayes
297:Gear Trains
229:David Brown
164:Brian Hayes
153:Gear Trains
115:Gear Trains
38:20 May 1899
1055:Categories
1012:Ian Garrad
971:Facilities
512:References
171:Early life
89:Occupation
997:(founder)
313:factoring
265:Chieftain
256:Churchill
217:Churchill
141:Churchill
69:Education
1030:Category
955:Vehicles
664:(2019).
500:See also
434:Engineer
415:Articles
177:West Ham
42:West Ham
1040:Commons
931:Sunbeam
921:Karrier
911:Hillman
392:of the
377:Honours
279:Writing
987:People
941:Talbot
926:Singer
916:Humber
906:Commer
869:Parent
674:
626:
396:(1962)
272:Norbar
207:Career
117:(1947)
111:(1942)
765:Gears
475:Gears
463:Books
371:Camus
346:Gears
334:Gears
321:Gears
293:Gears
197:Erith
149:Gears
109:Gears
672:ISBN
624:ISBN
311:and
215:The
183:and
50:Died
31:Born
195:at
191:at
129:MBE
1057::
738:^
686:^
608:^
585:^
520:^
454:,
442:,
423:,
267:.
251:.
159:.
854:e
847:t
840:v
680:.
632:.
386:)
223:.
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